Iminyango kahulumeni inendima ebalulekile ekulolongeni isayensi yendawo yokuvakasha nokuvikela ifa lezempucuko. Izinqumo zayo, ukutshala imali, kanye nezilungiselelo ezibambisanayo zithonya ngokuqondile indlela imiphakathi eyamukela ngayo izivakashi, ilondoloze impahla engokomlando, futhi ithuthukise izomnotho. Uma ibulawa, le mizamo iveza impumelelo: ukulondolozwa kwamasiko kukhanga izivakashi, izimali zezokuvakasha, nezomnotho zendawo ziqhubeke zikhona. Lesi sihloko sihlola imiphumela ehlukahlukene yeminyango kahulumeni ekuthuthukiseni intuthuko nenzuzo yefa, inikeza izibonelo eziqinile kanye nezingakhokhwano ezisebenzayo kubenzi bezemidanti, abaholi bezentengi, nabaholi bezindawo zomphakathi.

Indima Ewusizo Yomnyango KaHulumeni Ekuthuthukeni Kwezokuvakasha

Iminyango kahulumeni isebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwamaqhinga ezwe okubuka nokusetshenziswa kwendawo. Imisa iziqondiso, ukunikezela, nokuhlanganisa imithombo yengcebo ehlukahlukene . Ukusukela emagumbini amancane ezentengiselwano kuya kumabhuloho amakhulu edolobha. Ngaphandle kokubambisana okuqinile kwesifunda, intuthuko yezokuvakasha ibeka izingozi zokuhlukana, ukuncitshiswa, noma ukuhlelwa kabi kwemigomo yezomnotho.

Imishini yesakhelo kanye nokuhlelwa kwebanga elide

Iminyango kahulumeni ephumelelayo ithuthukisa izinqubo zokuvakasha ezibanzi ezihlela ukuhlela izinto eziza kuqala eziyisisekelo zezemisebenzi, ukuthengisa, ukuqeqesha izisebenzi, nokuzinziswa. Lamacebo avame ukuhlanganisa iminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi futhi ahlanganisa izisulu ezikwazi ukudlula njengokuchitha izivakashi zisebenzisa ukwanda, ukusungula umsebenzi, nokwaneliseka okuthatha isikhathi sokuya lapho zifika. Ngokwesibonelo, iHhovisi le-Tourism [ ihlela icebo lazo elisebenzayo lokulinganisela njalo ukuhambelana nobubanzi bendawo ezungezile, i-modensiveryssmentmentmentssssssssss.

Izimiso zesilinganiso sikahulumeni zisingatha futhi izindaba ezibucayi njengokuhlanganisa izikhungo zokungenisa izihambi, ukuhlanganisa izithuthi, kanye nokuphatha izinkinga (isinye, izinhlekelele zemvelo noma izimo eziphuthumayo zempilo yomphakathi). Imithombo yomnyango elondoloza izinqubo zokuhlela ngokusheshiswa kohambo ingajikeleza ngokushesha lapho izindlela zokuvakasha zishintsha, kuqiniseke ukuqina kwemboni ethambekele ekushaqekeni kwangaphandle.

Ukuxhasa Imishini Nezinto Zokupheka

Ukusekela kwezimali okuvela eminyangweni kahulumeni ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuthatha izinyathelo zokuvakasha yendawo. Amathuluzi avamile okuxhasa imali ahlanganisa iziphakamiso zokuncintisana, izimali ezihambisanayo, kanye nezisusa zentela zemisebenzi ehlobene nefa. I-Stical Rehividual Severy Officers [ i-SHP] inikeza uhulumeni ne-partum yokwakhela izakhiwo ezingokomlando, ithuthukisa ukuchaza izimpawu zefa, nokwakha imikhondo. Lezinhlelo zehlisa isithiyo yemali yemiphakathi emincane engenayo inhloko - dolobha.

Ngokwesibonelo, uhlelo lwe-Caltural Economy Grant yaseLouisiana lunikeza ama-dollar angu-50 000 emikhankasweni ethuthukisa ifa lefa, imikhosi yomculo, noma izimpawu ezingokomlando. Ngokufanayo, i-Tourism Grant Program yaseTexas inikezela izimali ezikhungweni zasemaphandleni ukuze kusungulwe izikhungo zezivakalisi nezokuzilibazisa ngaphandle. Ukutshala okunjalo kubuya kude kakhulu kunomphumela wendawo yokuqala.

Ukukhangisa Nokufika

Amahhovisi ezobukiso zezwe aqhuba imikhankaso eyinkimbinkimbi yokukhangisa ephakamisa izindawo eziya kumazwe namazwe. Akhiqiza izihambeli zezivakashi, amawebhusayithi ezokuvakasha, nokuhlela uhambo lokuhambela imithombo yezindaba olujwayelekile. Izentengiselwano zezemishini [1] ikakhulukazi ngezezezindaba, i-media yezokuxhumana, i-injini yokufuna ukuhlelwa kahle. I-website ye-Oregon igxile kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, i-website yokuhamba ye-Oregon ihlanganisa abantu abasebenzisa imishini futhi ifaka izintambo zokuxhumana ukuze ifake udwebo lokuhlela uhambo.

Iminyango kahulumeni ihlela futhi ihlanganyele ekuhwebeni okukhulu kokuhamba njenge-IPW (International Pow). Ngokumelela imiphakathi eminingi ihlangene, isiza imiphakathi emincane ekhangayo ukuba ibonakale ngendlela engenakubonakala ngakunye. Ukuhlobisa njengokuthi “Colorado: Woza Ekuphileni” noma“ IVirginia Ifuna Abathandi” [1] iveza isithombe esihlangene esithuthukisa ukuqashelwa kwawo wonke amadolobha namadolobhana angaphakathi kwezwe.

Imfundo Nezivakashi Ezifundayo

Ngaphandle kokuthengisa, iminyango kahulumeni ithonya izakhiwo ezingokomzimba nezisebenza ngemishini ezisekela ukuvakasha. Ifaka izimali emgwaqweni omkhulu zokufaka izimpawu zezindawo ezibonisa indalo, isungula izindawo zokuphumula zomphakathi nezikhungo ezamukelwayo, futhi isekela ukwanda kwezindawo zasemaphandleni zokungenisa izihambi. Ezizweni eziningi, iminyango yezokuthutha ibambisana namahhovisi ezokuvakasha ukuze ithuthukise ukuhlangana okugcina kwamapaki ezwe, izifunda ezingokomlando, kanye neziko.

Intuthuko yezisebenzi ingenye indawo ebucayi. Iminyango yoMbuso ivame ukuxhasa izinhlelo zokuqeqesha izihambi, iziqinisekiso zezemisebenzi yabathengi, nezindawo zokusebenzela abantu abanolwazi lwempucuko. Lezi zinyathelo ziqinisekisa amabhizinisi endawo ukuba alungiselele ukuletha okuhlangenwe nakho okuhle, okuguqula ukubukeza okuhle nokuphinda ukuhambela.

Ukuthuthukisa Ifa Elingokwesiko Njengendawo Yokuvakasha

Ifa lempucuko − izakhiwo nezinto zobuciko kanye namasiko angathandeki njengomculo, ukudla, nokulandisa ngezindaba, kungumehluko onamandla ozofikela. Iminyango yoMbuso isendaweni ekhethekile yokuthola, ukuvikela, nokuchaza lempahla ngokwesilinganiso.

Izinyathelo Zokulondoloza Ifa

Imisebenzi yokulondolozwa kwezindawo ezingokomlando ewumthetho isebenza ngaphansi kweNational Religion Leavement Act ukuze kugcinwe imiklamo yezakhiwo ezingokomlando, kubukezwe imisebenzi exhaswe uhulumeni yemiphumela ethinta izindawo zefa lefa, futhi kunikezwe izikweleti zentela. Lemisebenzi ibalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukulahleka kwezindawo ezingenakuthathelwa indawo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Ofisi yeZwe laseNew York, i-Foration and Religical Relication iphatha amapaki ezwe angaphezu kuka-50 kanye nezindawo ezingokomlando, idweba izigidi zezivakashi minyaka yonke.

Imisebenzi yokuvuselela ngokuvamile isebenza njengezinto ezivuselela umphakathi. Ukuvuselelwa kwenkundla yemidlalo yemidlalo engokomlando kungaqinisa isifunda sezezobuciko, kuyilapho umnyuziyamu ogciniwe wezindawo zezitshalo ungafundisa izivakashi ngezenzakalo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izwe elinjenge-South Carolina liye lasebenzisa izinhlelo zalo zokuvakasha zefa le-Afrika African America . Kuhlanganise i-Gullah Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor .

Imikhosi, Izenzakalo Nezinhlelo Zokuchaza

Izinhlangano zikahulumeni zinikeza iminikelo, imvume, kanye nemisebenzi yemikhosi egubha amasiko endawo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs, i-Pueblo isebenza nezindawo zokusekela izinsuku zedili zaminyaka yonke nezimakethe zobuciko ezibonisa izakhiwo zesizwe, ubuciko, ukudansa. Lezizenzakalo azigcini nje kuphela amasiko aphilayo kodwa futhi ziqhubekisela izindleko eziphawulekayo zezivakashi phakathi nezinkathi zamahlombe.

Izinhlelo zemfundo, kuhlanganise neminyuziyamu nemiboniso ephilayo yomlando, zivame ukukhuthazwa imikhandlu yobuciko bezwe nemikhandlu yomphakathi. I-National Endowment for the Humanities (i-NEH) abasebenza nemikhandlu yomphakathi ukunikeza “Thina bantu” inikeza ukukhuthaza ukuhlangana komphakathi nomlando wendawo. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zijulisa ukuqonda kwezivakashi indawo nokuhlobana okungokomzwelo okuholela ekuthembekeni nasekuphathweni.

Isifundo Sendaba: Umzila WaseKentucky

I-Kentucky Dissillers’s Association, isebenzisana ne-Kentucky Department of Tourism, yasungula umkhiqizo wezentengiselwano zefa lezivakashi weKentucky Bourbon − i-ourbon Traillew ekhanga izivakashi ezingaphezu kwesigidi unyaka ngamunye. Lomzila uhlanganisa izigebengu ezingokomlando, unikeza ukunambitha, uhambo, nolwazi olufundisayo ngeface yalendawo. Lokhu kuthathe isinyathelo sakhuthaza ukuthuthuka kwezomnotho emadolobheni amancane anjengoBardstown noLawrenceburg, kwakha imisebenzi yokungenisa izihambi, ezolimo (ibhiliyo nomkhiqizo wommbila), kanye nomkhiqizo we-cooperage. Impumelelo yeBourbon Borge ibonisa indlela ukuphumelela kwenhlangano yezwelo engokokwayo engoko kuwendawo eholwa umshayeli wezokuvakasha.

Ifa Eliyimishini Nendlela Yokutholakala

Iminyango kahulumeni yanamuhla ihlela izakhiwo zefa ukuze ifinyelele abantu abaningi. I-Web site yezithombe, i-opera, i-apps, kanye nama-mouse kwenza izivakashi zikwazi ukuhlola izindawo ezingokomlando ngaphambi noma ngemva kohambo lwazo, futhi zinikeza abantu abangakwazi ukuhamba. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Texas State Historical Association yezobuchwepheshe yenza izinkulungwane zezincwadi eziyinhloko zitholakale ngokukhululekile, zisekele kokubili ukudayiswa kwezivakashi nokufundiswa.

Intuthuko engokoqobo(obili ama-ramp, iziqondisi zemisindo) kanye ne-programmatic (izinto ezisetshenziswayo, izenzakalo ezihlanganisa izinzwa) − help iqinisekisa ukuvakasha ngefa lokubuka igcwele. iminyango yoMbuso ehlela uphatho lokuthola izinto ezifakiwe emakethe egciniwe futhi ihambisana nemigomo ebanzi.

Umphumela Ongokomnotho Wohambo Lohambo Oluyintando Kahulumeni Nemizamo Yefa

Ukuhlangana kwentuthuko yezokuvakasha nesizinda sezempucuko kunikeza izinzuzo ezingenakulinganiswa ezingokomnotho. Ngokwe- World Travel & Tourism Council, uhambo nokuvakasha kwanikela nge 7,6% yeGDP yomhlaba wonke ngo-2022, nezindawo zefa nezomphakathi ezimelela ingxenye ekhulayo. Ngokwezinga lombuso, isilinganiso semali echithwayo sinciphisa idola ngalinye elichithwa yizivakashi ngamaketanga endawo.

Indalo Nentuthuko Yezisebenzi

Izindawo zokuvakasha ezixhaswe iminyango kahulumeni zisebenzisa ngokuqondile izigidi zaseMelika ezindaweni zokulala, umsebenzi wokudla, izitolo, ezokuzijabulisa, kanye nezinto zokuthutha. Ukuvakasha ngefa kwezempucuko, ikakhulukazi, kudala imisebenzi engalulazi ukudlula: abaqondisi bezivakashi, abaqondisi, abantu abalondolozwayo, nabaqondisi bezenzakalo. Lezi zindima zinikeza umsebenzi obalulekile ezindaweni zasemaphandleni lapho ezinye izimboni zincipha khona.

Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezisungulwe uhulumeni ziveza izisebenzi ezikwaziyo ukuthatha izikhundla eziphakeme. I-Oregon Tourism Commission, Travel Oregon, inikeza “uhlelo olulungele ukufika” olusiza imiphakathi ukuba ilungiselele ukuvakasha okwengeziwe kuyilapho iqinisekisa izakhamuzi zendawo ukuba zizuze ekuthuthukiseni ukuhambela amazwe. Imizamo enjalo yokusebenza ithuthukisa izinga lenkonzo futhi inciphise ukushintshashintsha kwezindawo.

Isizukulwane Esinenzuzo Yohulumeni Bendawo

Izivakashi ezichitha imali zingenisa intela emazingeni endawo nasesifundazweni ngentela yezindawo zokuhlala, intela yentela yokuthengisa, nentela yempahla emabhizinisini ahlobene nezokuvakasha. Lemali ingabuyiselwa ezinkonzweni zomphakathi, kuhlanganise namapaki, imigwaqo, nezindawo zomphakathi. Izwe elinjengeFlorida neHawaii liqoqa izintela zezindawo zokuhlala ezisekela imikhandlu yobuciko nezindawo zomlando.

Izindawo zokuvakasha ezingenisa ingcebo zibangela izimali ezengeziwe: izindleko zokuvuma ezindaweni ezingokomlando, izindleko zokupaka izimoto, nezenzakalo ezikhethekile zivuma.

Ukuthuthuka Kwasemaphandleni Nomphakathi

Iminyango eminingi kahulumeni ihlela ezokuvakasha nezindlela zokuthola ifa ezindaweni zasemaphandleni nezicindezelekile ngokomnotho. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Appachian Regional Commission, izisebenzi zikahulumeni ezinamahhovisi ezokuvakasha ukuze zisekele izindlela zefa nezakhiwo zezivakashi ezweni lamalahle. Imisebenzi namathuba amabhizinisi alandelayo asiza ekushintsheni izomnotho zendawo okungenzeka ukuthi zithembele ezimbonini ezithathela phambili.

Izisebenzi zezokuvakasha ezisekelwe emphakathini, ezisekelwa yiziphakamiso zikahulumeni, zinika izakhamuzi amandla okuhlela izindaba zazo zefa. eNew Mexico, igama lezwe “eliyiQiniso i-Mexico” lisiza imiphakathi enjenge Taos neChimayó ukuba ifa layo eliyingqayizivele lamakoloni aseSpain kanye namaMelika Omdabu kodwa igcine ithembekile. Lezi zihlolo ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukuvakasha okungokwesiko kuzuzisa abantu bendawo kunokuba kuzuze abanikazi bamazwe.

Izinselele Imithombo Kahulumeni Ebhekene Nazo Ezindaweni Ezivakashayo Nezefa

Nakuba iminyango kahulumeni iphumelela ngokuphawulekayo, ibhekana futhi nezithiyo ezinkulu.

Ukuziphilisa Ngokudla Nokuzisekela

Izindawo ezithandwayo zibhekene nokucindezela okuvela ekumileni kakhulu, ekungcoleni kwendawo ezungezile, nasekulungiseni impucuko. Iminyango yoMbuso kumelwe ihambisane nokukhushulelwa nokulondolozwa. Ezinye, njenge-Utah Office of Tourism, ziye zasuka ekukhangiseni okubanzi okukhangayo zaya “kuhamba ngokunenzuzo” emikhankasweni ekhuthaza izivakashi ukuba zihlole izindawo ezingaziwa kakhulu futhi zilandele izimiso zokungangeni ndawo yendabuko. Ukuvimbela izimemezelo kanye nezigqoko zabavakashi ezisezindaweni zefa elintekenteke amathuluzi esetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukubuka izakhiwo.

Ukulinganiselwa Kwemali Nokungasakhululeki Kwezombangazwe

Imali yokuhlela ezokuvakasha kahulumeni ivame ukusengozini yokuwohloka kwezomnotho nezinguquko zezombangazwe. Phakathi nokuwohloka kwezomnotho, iminyango ingabona ukuthi incishisiwe imali ekhokhelwayo nezindleko zokuthengisa, njengoba isidingo sezinhlelo zempucuko sikhula. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlangano ezinjenge U.S. Association Foves isiza izikhulu zikahulumeni ukuba ziqonde i-ROI yezentengiselwano, kodwa izimali ziyaqhubeka zingenangozi emazweni amaningi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imijikelezo yesikhashana yezombangazwe ingabhuntshisa imisebenzi yokulondolozwa kwezikhathi ezinde. Ukushintsha kwesimiso kungalisusa ifa lezempucuko ngenxa yamasu entuthuko yezomnotho, kushiye izindawo ezibuyiselwe ngokwengxenye noma izinyathelo ezivinjelwe.

Ukuhleleka Nokuma Kwezithombe

Iminyango yoMbuso iye yalishalazela noma yalulaza ngokomlando ifa labantu besizwe, imiphakathi yabamnyama, namanye amaqembu amancane. Imizamo yamuva nje yokuhlanganisa uhlu lwefa eliyifa − njengezindawo ezenezelwe yi-Civil Rights Movement, i-Japanese American jovement, noma LGBTQ + ibalulekile kodwa idinga isibopho esiqhubekayo. Isekeni lenzalo lihileleke njengezimo ezisezandleni, hhayi nje izihloko zefa.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo Zeminyango KaHulumeni

Lapho ibheka phambili, iminyango kahulumeni ingaqinisa ithonya layo ngokusungula izinto ezintsha nangokubambisana.

Ukushintsha Kwezobuchwepheshe

Iqiniso elingokoqobo, ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa, kanye nokwaziswa kuguqula ukuhlela ukuvakasha nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabavakashi. Iminyango yoMbuso ingathumela amabhodi ahlakaniphile okuya lapho kufike khona alandelela khona izenzakalo ezingokoqobo zokuvakasha, ukuhlaziya imizwa, nokusebenzisa izindlela zokusebenzisa. Lamathuluzi asiza ukuba kusetshenziswe izinqumo zemininingwane, izisebenzi zisebenzise impumelelo, nentuthuko. Izindawo zeGama zingasebenzisa i-AR ukuveza imifanekiso engokomlando emibonweni yamanje, adale okuhlangenwe nakho kwemfundo.

Isimo Sezulu Siyavuleka

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kusongela izindawo ezingokomlando ezisogwini, izindawo zokushushuluza eqhweni, kanye nezikhangayo ezingokwemvelo. Iminyango kahulumeni kufanele ihlanganise izingozi zesimo sezulu ezihlelwa yizinhlelo zezokuvakasha futhi ifake imali ekusebenziseni kabusha izakhiwo zefa lemvelo. Izinhlangano ezisebenzelana nezinhlangano zendawo ezungezile zingakhuthaza izindlela zokuhamba eziphansi nezenzo ezisekela izenzakalo.

Ukubambisana Kwesifunda

Izinhlangano zezindawo eziningi, njenge Great Lakes Tourism Pricetship noma iColorado Plateau Heritage Council, zivumela iminyango kahulumeni ukuba ihlanganyele imikhuba emihle kakhulu, ihlanganise imithombo yentengiso, futhi ibangele izikhawu ezinqamule imingcele engenamthungo. Lemiphakathi inciphisa ukuphindaphindeka futhi ikhulise ukukhanga kwazo zonke izifunda ezivakashini zomhlaba.

Isiphetho

Iminyango yoMbuso ephumelelayo ibalulekile yabaklami abaqambi bezokuvakasha nezemfundo engokwesiko. Ngesimiso sokulungisa izakhiwo, ukuhlongozwa kwezimali, ubuchwepheshe bokuthengisa, nokuthatha izinyathelo zokulondoloza, ivula amathuba ezomnotho kuyilapho ivikela izakhiwo ezenza imiphakathi ifanele ukuvakashelwa. Iminyango ephumelela kakhulu isondela kulo msebenzi njengendawo yokutshala imali ende, ukuphumelela kokuphumelela, ukuphumelela, nokusungula impucuko. Abaholi bendawo abafuna ukusekela ukuvakasha ukuze bathuthukise umphakathi, ukuhileleka ngokujulile ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni akuyona into ezenzekelayo; kubalulekile. Ikusasa lemikhakhakha, impumelelo engokomhlaba ophakeme enikeza amandla amandla emisebenzi yendawo engokondla izizukulwane ezizayo nezakhamuzi ezizayo.