Indima Yezimali Zase - Australia Ekuzinzeni Kwezomnotho

I-Australian Treasurer iyinhlangano eyinhloko yezwe yezezomnotho nezimiso zokubambisana, inomthwalo wokweluleka uhulumeni ngenqubo yokulawula imali, ukuphatha nokulungisa izindleko zohlelo, nokulungisa isimo. Phakathi nezinkinga zembulunga yonke − njengenkinga yezezimali ka-2008, umqedazwe we-COVID ka-19, kanye nokushaqeka kwezentengiselwano kwezentengiselwano zezomnotho (-$) kubaluleke kakhulu ekulungiseni isimo sezomnotho, ukuvikela umsebenzi, nokulondoloza impilo yezimali zomphakathi. Lesi sihloko sihlola amathuluzi ayinhloko kanye nezimiso zezentengiselwano, imboni ehilelekile, nezifundo ezithathwe ezinkingeni zamuva nje.

Imithetho Yezokuzivikela Njengendawo Yokuqala Yokuzivikela

Isimiso esiqondile seNjenganiso yezimali siphazamisa isimiso semali: ukulungisa imali kahulumeni nentela ukuze kuthonye isidingo esidingwayo. Enhlekeleleni, iMoove itusa izinyathelo zokunwetshwa kwezakhiwo, kuhlanganise nezindleko ezandisiwe zezezimali, ezokwelapha, ukuthutha kwezenhlalo, nokusekela iholo eliqondile, kanye nokukhululwa kwentela kwesikhashana.

Abazilungisa Ngomuntu Baqhathanisa Nezinzwa Zokuhlakanipha

Isimiso sentela nezenhlalakahle sase-Australia siqukethe izisekelo ezizisebenzelayo ezizisebenzelayo cishe, intela ekhokhelwayo nenzuzo yokungasebenzi ngokwemvelo, okuthi kunciphise umjikelezo wezomnotho. Nokho, phakathi nokushaqeka okukhulu, i-Moove futhi isekela amaphakethe aqondisayo aqondisileyo. I-202021-191 CHOVAD, eyayihlanganisa uJob Lend (izezimali), Job Reaner, i-operater zongezo zokwenezela, kanye nezindleko ezikhungezelekayo, zaziphakathi kwenani elikhulu kakhulu lokulawula i-octal stancesss. I-operation, ikhomba ukuqondisa i-roustout, ukuvikela inzuzo yasekhaya nokuvimbela ukuvithwa kwezebhizinisi.

Izakhiwo Nesikhungo Sokutshala Imali

Imisebenzi yezesisekelo esibanzi, njengezindawo zokuthutha, izintambo zamandla ezivuselelwayo, kanye nezi-mini e-metation processings, zisebenza kokubili njengokusekela okumfushane nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo isikhathi eside. Izimali ngokuvamile zisebenza nohulumeni bezwe namasimu ukuze ziqinise imvume yemisebenzi nokulahla izimali, ziqinisekise ukuthi ingcindezelo ifinyelela ezomnotho ngokushesha. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Infraclactive Information Information Information Program, esetshenziswa ngoMnyango we-Infraraclactive (ukubambisana ne-ocealistry), yenza izigidi zezigidi zemigwaqo, iziteshishi, nezindawo zomphakathi, nokuncitshiswa kwezindawo ezizungezile nezenhlalo zilandelana phakathi nezikhathi eziphuthumayo.

Ukubambisana Ne - Reserve Bank yase - Australia

Izimiso zokulawula inhlekelele eziphumelelayo zidinga isilinganiso sokwehlisa izimali kanye nezimiso zemali ukuze ziqondise indlela efanayo. I-Mooral ilondoloza ubuhlobo obuseduze nokusebenza ne-Reserve Bank yase-Australia (RBA) esebenzayo. Phakathi nezinkinga, i-RBA inciphisa kakhulu izinga lemali (futhi ingasebenzisa izilinganiso ezingaqondakaliyo njenge-quantationtitive noma ukulawula amajika okukhipha), kuyilapho izimali zisebenza ngokuboleka nokusebenzisa imali. Izimali zemali zisebenza ngokunenzuzo kahulumeni (i-RBA) zinikeza izimali ezidingekayo ngemishini yokudayisa emakethe. Ngo-202020, i-evocationtionss sy systry izenza i-RBA ikwazi ukuphatha impahla enkulu engenisa imali egcwele ezimali. Lokhu kusiza ukuboleka kwezindleko zemali ezikweletini ezinziwayo.

Ukulawulwa Kwezikweletu Nokulondolozwa Kwemali

Nakuba isimiso semali sigxile ekuzinzeni okufushane, i-Mooral kumelwe iqinisekise futhi ukuthi ukuboleka kukahulumeni kuhlala kuqinile. Isilinganiso sikaHulumeni wase-Australia esikweleta izikweletu-iGDP sanyuka kusukela cishe ku-20% ngaphambi kwe-CHOVAD-19 kuya ku-40% ku-2021. Icebo le-Motionaltermmart fiscal lihlose ukuqinisa futhi linciphise kancane kancane kancane izikweletu njengoba umnotho ubuyela, ngaleyondlela ukulondoloza ukuqiniseka nokukhokha isilinganiso semali e-AAAAAA (okuye kwaphinde kwaqinisekiswa futhi i- Standard & Poverse, Moody’s, ne-Fitch). Inkampani ilokhu ikhipha inzuzo kumapesenti [FLD:] [FG1], ifaka izingozi ezikweletini.

Ukusekelwa Kwamaqembu Nemikhaya Ehlukahlukene

Ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezinkulu zezomnotho, iZiko lezimali lihlela futhi linikeza izinhlelo ezikhuluma ngokuqondile ngezinkinga ezithile ezibangelwa izinhlekelele ezihlukahlukene.

Umsebenzi Owugcinayo Nezithako Zomsebenzi

Phakathi nobhadane, iMoob Preciotar icebo lokubhalisa .Iholo eliyisicaba elikhokhwa abaqashi ababhekana nokuncitshiswa okukhulu. Loluhlelo olulodwa lwasekela izisebenzi ezicishe zibe izigidi ezingu-3, nezingaphezu kwesigidi namabhizinisi, ukuvimbela ukudilizwa nokugcinwa kwemali egciniwe. I-Corangevirus yasebenzisa futhi i-Coronavirus Exper Perser, iphinde intrensicial yesisekelo. Lezinhlelo zaklanywa ngezimiso eziqinile zokungalawuleki nokubika njalo ukuze kunciphe ukulawulwa kwezelelwa kwezelelwe, kodwa zazisadinga ukuvunyelwa ngokushesha kokuphatha . . .

Ukusekela Okubalulekile: Imali Yokukhokha Intela, Iminikelo, Nezivumelwano Zentela

Imisebenzi emincane nemincane iyisisekelo somnotho wase-Australia, esebenzisa amaphesenti angaba ngu-44 ezisebenzi ezizimele. Phakathi nezinkinga, babhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu zokuhamba kwemali. I-Mooral yaletha i-SME Recovery Loan Scheme, inikeza imali ephansi kahulumeni ongenekayo, kanye nemali ebolekwayo ebolekwayo, kanye ne-Booserss Sound Sound for Procesterers, eyanikeza intela ekhululekile efinyelela ku-R30,000 (R350 000). Ukukhokhwa kwentela (ngokulahlekelwa okunezinto ezingekho mthethweni) ngokomthetho (ukukhokha izimpahla ezifanele zesikhashana) [1] ikhuthaza ukukhokha izimali eziqhubekayo. Inkampani futhi i-ATO ihlela amasuntwoyela avumelanayo ngokukhokha intela, ukuncishiswa kwentela.

Ukusekela Imisebenzi Ebalulekile

Phakathi nalesifo, i-Moondre yathola izimboni ezigxekayo − ukubuka izindiza, ezokungenisa izihambi, izindiza, nokunakekela kwasebegugile − lokho okwakudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngokwesibonelo, uhulumeni wase-Australia wanikeza ingxenye yezindiza inzuzo eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-R2 (kuhlanganise izimali zokuhamba ngendiza kanye nezimali zokukhokha izikhungo zezindiza) kanye nempahla yezezezokungenisa izihambi nezokungenisa izihambi. Izimali zasebenza noMnyango we-Agriculture, amanzi neMfuyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inkampani yezolimo yayikwazi ukusebenza ngohlelo lwe-Agriculture Visa nezosizo lwezentelligames zezente nabaphathi besomiso. Lokhu kuvinje kwabonisa ikhono le-Universureal lokungenela ezindaweni eziphambili zokusindisa abantu ezisemkhandleni.

Izinguquko Ezingokwezimo Ukuze Kuthuthukiswe Ukululama

Ukulawulwa kwezifo akuyona nje kuphela inkathi yokukhululeka efushane; iNkampane isekela nezimiso zokwakha ezinciphisa ukuchayeka komnotho ekushaqisweni esikhathini esizayo.

Ukwakha Amathumbu Amnyama

Ngaphambi kobhadane, i-Mooral yacebisa ohulumeni abalandelanayo ukuba banciphise ukuncishiswa kwemali nokuhlelwa kabusha kwe-fescal homery. I-Fakedy Fund . yamiswa ngo- 2006 ukuze ihlangabezane nezinkinga zomphakathi zesikhathi esizayo, qhaza isibonelo. Phakathi ne-GFC, i-Australia yangena ekuntengantengeni ngesikweletu esiphansi nezinga eliguquguqukayo, okwavumela ukusabela okusheshayo kwemali ebhajweni. I-Mozal ikhuthaza ukugcinwa kwemithetho ye-DBMPIARP ngisho nalapho kulungile, ngakho inqubo ikhona ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhathi esizayo. I-202324 I-International Report iqokomisa isidingo sokukhuluma ngezingcingo zesikhathi eside seminyaka engu-56, izindleko ezinyukayokunakekelwa kwempilo, nokushintsha isimo sezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo zisengahlanganwa namathuba esiphakathi.

Ukuhlukanisa Isisekelo Sezomnotho

Inkampani isekela ukuncishiswa kwemboni ukuze inciphise ukuncika kunoma isiphi isici, njengezezimayini. I-police ihlanganisa izisusa zentela ze-R&D, ukwenziwa kwezakhiwo zamuva zemisebenzi, nokusekela izimboni ezisanda kuvela njengamandla avuselelwayo, ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha, nezinkonzo zamanani. I-Cooral cosadad i-Preference and Development Teaxis Incentive, ekhuthaza ukusungulwa kwezentengiselwano zezentengiselwano. Umnotho ohlukene kakhulu uyakwazi ukumelana nokusha kwe-cendiumccer precision, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi incicle ekuwohlokeni kwentengo yemali noma ukudiza i-[7]

Ukuchuma Kwezitolo Zokudoba Nesimiso Sokuphepha Komphakathi

Phakathi nobhadane, iNondrey yaphawula ukuthi imakethe yabasebenzi yashintsha ngokushesha kakhulu kunalokho okwakulindelwe, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yesimiso seholo elivumelanayo nezimfuneko ezidingwayo zomsebenzi zabafuni bemisebenzi. I-Moove manje ihlola izinguquko esimisweni sokuvikela kwezenhlalo (njengesiqalo sokuzinzisa okuzenzekelayo okwandisa ukukhokha izindleko zokuswelakala umsebenzi phakathi nokwehla kwezomnotho), njengoba kwahlongozwa uHenry Taxies Review. Inqubo enjalo ingasheshisa ukuthunyelwa kosizo ngaphandle kokufuna umthetho omusha ngesikhathi ngasinye lapho kuvela inkinga.

Izinselele Nezisebenzi Zezohwebo

Azikho izinqubo zokulawula ezibucayi ezingekho zinkinga. iNgciwo yemali kumelwe iqhubeke ilinganisela izinto eziza kuqala ezincintisanayo: ukushukumisa ngokushesha kanye nesikweleti eside, ukuphumelela kwezentengiselwano kanye nokuphatha ijubane.

Isikweleti Somphakathi Nokubambisana

Inqubo yokwanda kwemali ebanzi ngokungenakugwenywa yandisa izikweletu zomphakathi. Nakuba isilinganiso semali ekweletwayo ye-Australia sihlala siphansi ngezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke (imibiko ye-IMF ethuthukile kwezomnotho isilinganiso esicishe sibe ngu-101%), kunengozi enkulu yokuthi isikweleti esikhulu sizocindezela ikhono lohulumeni lesikhathi esizayo lokusabela esibindi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokulungisa izikweleti (nanoma inzalo yezemali ephansi) zisebenzisa izimali ezingasetshenziswa empilweni, emfundweni, noma ezisekelwe kuyo yonke izakhiwo. I-Monday’s yemali [2023] Ingxelo ye-internationalal Report [[[[FLTLD:1]] ixwayisa ukuthi ngaphandle kwenkozonganiso eqinile, inzalo ekhuphukayo ingaba ukukhisa kwezomnotho. Ngakho izimali zezekwelethwa kwezentengosi ephambili yamuva nje.

Abathandi Bemali Abakhuphuka Ngezimali Nezinqubo Ze - monetary

Ukusheshisa okusheshayo kungawuqeda umnotho, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlangene nenqubo yemali exekethile. Ngo-2022-24, ukululama kwangemva kwe-pastenpandemia kwaholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwamandla emali (ukuya emalini aphindwe kasithupha ngamaphesenti angu-6.1 phakathi kuka-2020222). I-Center kanye ne-RBA kwadingeka ukuba kuncishiswe: i-RBA yaqala ukunyusa inzalo, kuyilapho i-Monday iqala ukuhoxa nokuncibilikisa izindleko. Lokhu kubucayi (uma izimali zincishisiwe ngokushesha kakhulu, zingaminyanisa ukululama; uma kungathatha kancane kakhulu, ukuncipha. Imali isebenzisa izilinganiso zokubikezela (njengezentengo ye-macrotting Groult Groult) ukuhlola inzuzo yezimiso zayo.

Izingozi Zezombangazwe Nezokuqeda Izinkinga

Izinqubo zokuhlupheka ngokuvamile zidinga ukuvunyelwa kwephalamende, okuletha ukungaqiniseki kwezombangazwe. I-Mooral isebenza eqenjini lonke uhulumeni ukuze iqinisekise ukusekela kwe-bipartisan ezinyathelo eziphuthumayo, kodwa lokhu akufezwa njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kohlelo okusheshayo kungaholela emaphutheni okuqondisa noma ukukhwabanisa. Icebo likaJob Endreer, ngokwesibonelo, laba nezindleko eziphakeme futhi ezinye izimboni ezavuzayo ezazingahlangani nezimiso eziqotho zobukhazikhazikhazikhazi. I-mali ekugcineni yaqinisa ukugcinwa kwemithetho kanye nomklamo wohlelo (umz., ukuveza amazinga anezinkokhiyo ezikhokhelo) emaphaketheni kamuva enhlekelele.

Ukuvumelana Kwemibuso

Isakhiwo sikahulumeni sase-Australia sisho futhi ukuthi amazwe namasimu anendima ebalulekile emisha yezempilo, imfundo, izakhiwo, nezindawo zokusebenza. Phakathi nenhlekelele, i-Moovery kumelwe ihambisane nezindawo zikahulumeni ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi izimiso zesizwe nezombuso azingqubuzani. Imithetho kahulumeni ayivali phakathi nobhadane oluphazamisekile lwezinsika, inciphisa imfuno yezimali ze-Mooral 76stitules. I-Councile on Federal Financial Relation, ebekwe isihlalo nguNobhala we-Commonety, iye yaba inselelekile ekuhleleni izinto eziza kuqala. Nokho, ukungavumelani imibandela yokuxhasa izimali (um.g.) ngenxa yemisebenzi eyandayo esibhedlela) ihlala iyinselele.

Izifundo Ezitholakala Ezinkingeni Ezingokomlando

Indlela i - Treasure de conces eye yathuthukiswa phakathi namashumi eminyaka enhlekelele. Izenzakalo ezintathu zibonisa ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuyinhloko:

Inkinga Yezezimali Embulungeni Yonke (2007-09)

I-Australia yakugwema ukuntengantenga kwemali phakathi ne-GFC, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yesikhundla esiqinile sokuqala somthetho kanye nokuthatha ngokushesha i-athomu lokufaka izimali eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-42 zezigidi (kuhlanganise nemali ekhokhwayo emakhaya, imisebenzi yokwakha, nemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi). I-Othermeni yafunda ukuthi imali ithunyelwa emakhaya aphansi kakhulu futhi inemiphumela ephakeme (cishe 0.8.0) ngenxa yokusebenzisa imali eningi kakhulu. I-GFC yaqokomisa nokubaluleka kwengxenye enempilo yemali ebhankini ye-RBA . //ifekitha i-RBA'schimeoterssssss iqinisekisa intelligent. Lezi zinqumo, zihlangene nemali ye-China, imfunowase-Australia.

I - COVOID 7619 Pandemic (2020 - 222)

Lo mqedazwe wadinga ukusabela okusheshayo, okubanzi kakhulu emlandweni wase-Australia. Ukulingisa kweTreasure yemiphumela yezezomnotho (ukusebenzisa i-NMADD, uhlelo olunamandla lwe-stachastic directal lusize ekuhleleni isilinganiso sokusebenza. Ukusungulwa okuyinhloko kwahlanganisa i-Job Leander shey holay, ukukhushulelwa kwemali kwabaqashi, nokwanda kwesimiso se-Livingle Combine Payroll ukuze kudlulise inter cishe ngesikhathi esingu-661 ngempela. I-fekithal Scessss Plan yokusekela i-entammerce, okwasiza amabhizinisi amaningi ukuba athathe ijubane. Isifundo esikhulu: izinto zingcono kunemali egcwele abaqashi, futhi ukukhokhisa ngokushesha kuvimbela izibazi ezihlala njalo.

I - Fourge Ezandayo (2022 - 24)

Njengoba izimali zazivuselelwa futhi zinikezwa izithiyo ezinciphileyo ezisekela ukunyuka kwamandla emali, iNdawo yezimali kwadingeka ishintshe amagiya ekuthunyelweni kwemali. Yasebenza neRBA ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-fiscal i-comineotion (izinhlelo zesikhashana eziphinde zisetshenziswe) ayizange ingqubuzane nokuqina kwemali. Imali yezimali ye-Univerzial ya 2023232424 yamemezela inani eliyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane zezigidi zamaRandi, eyokuqala eminyakeni engu-15, eqhutshwa ngokwengxenye ngenani eliphakeme lentengoko yempahla kanye nokungasebenzi. Inseleleko yale nkathi yale nkathi yayilinganisela isidingo sokulwa nokwehla kwemali yesidingo sokuvikela imikhaya esengozini kakhulu, eyasekwenyuka kakhulu ngokunyuka kwezindleko zokuphila. Imali eyasungulwa ukukhululwa okungokongamandla okuhlala njalo, ukuqasha okukhuliswa kwemali, ukukhokhela imali okukhokhelwayo okuncishisiwe, nokuncishiswa kwezindleko ezincishisiwe.[sekuhlwe]

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo Nezingozi Eziqhubekayo

I - Scear ayigxili ezintweni ezafinyelelwa esikhathini esidlule, kodwa iyaqhubeka ihlola imithombo emisha yezomnotho, kuhlanganise nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukusongelwa nge - Internet, ukushintsha kwenani labantu nokuhlukana kwezentengiselwano zomhlaba wonke.

Isimo Sezulu Esiye Saqeda Izithuthuthu Zezomnotho

I-Australia isengozini engokomzimba (izimo zezulu ezidalwe, umlilo wequbula, izikhukhula) kanye nezingozi zokushintshashintsha (njengoba abantu abahwebelana bedayisa i - carbon). I-Moneral isiqalile ukuhlanganisa izimo zezulu nezinqubo zayo zezomnotho ezinde. I-2023 Intereneticralbational Report ihlanganisa isahluko sezingozi zesimo sezulu ezihlobene nezingozi ze-finscal, ilinganisa ukuthi ngaphandle kokuzivumelanisa, i-GDP yase-Australia inganciphikiswa ngamaphesenti angu-6 ngo-2100. I-Monday ibuye isekele ukuthuthukiswa kwendlela yesizwe enziwayo kanye nokuhlola i-Newcebond eluhlaza i-ieyikhokhi yokusekela inzuzo eqinile.

Ukungalondeki Nokuzinza Kwezimali

Ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwezezisekelo zezimali ezigxekayo kungabangela inkinga elawulayo. Inkampani yezimali ibambisana ne-Australian Prudential Regation Authority (APRA) kanye ne-Australian Security and Investicements Commission (ASIC) ukuze iqinise ukuqina. I-Moonter futhi ihola ekusungulweni kwesimiso sobuzwe sokuzichaza kwezimiso zemali (mGrevid), okunganciphisa ukukhwaba nokukhokha izikwelezelela inzuzo phakathi nenhlekelele yesikhathi esizayo. Nokho, imfihlo nezokuphepha kudinga ukuklanywa kwemithetho esemthethweni.

Izingcindezi Zobuntu

Inani labantu base-Australia liyakhula, njengoba inani labantu abaneminyaka engu-65 nangaphezulu lihlongozwa ukuba linyuke kusukela ku-16% ngo-2020 kuya ku-24% ngo-2065. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali ekunakekeleni asebekhulile, impilo, nempesheni, kuyilapho inciphisa intela. IMakethe ye-International Reports igcizelela isidingo sokukhiqiza izinguquko (umzz., emfundweni nasemfundweni wezemfundo) futhi ngokunokwenzeka ushintsho ekunakekeleni ipeni. Inhlekelele okumelwe ibangele ukuba inqubo yokwakha inciphe ibhete isilinganiso somsebenzi njengoba inani labantu abakhulayo linciphisa inqubo yokusebenza 65crecreetive yeze ukusabela ekushaqini.

Izingozi Zezombangazwe Nokuncika Kwezohwebo

Njengoba ukuphambana kwe-US.China kukhula futhi ukuhlukana kwezindawo kukhula, ukuthembela kwe-Australia eChina ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe (ikakhulukazi insimbi, amalahle, nezinkonzo zemfundo) kuba yisimo esibucayi. Abasekeli beMakethe yezentengiselwano ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe (ngezivumelwano zezohwebo ne-EU, ne-Southeast Asia) nokusekela ukukhiqizwa kwezindawo (icebo lanamuhla lokulungisa i-Manfactices, amalahle, amalahle, nezinkonzo zemali). Ngo-2023, i-Monday yakhipha ukuhlelwa kwenani elibanzi lezindleko zezomnotho zempi yasekhaya (i-South China Seatting Strategy).

Isiphetho

I-Australian Treasurement iye yaveza ithuluzi eliyinkimbinkimbi lokulawula i-CENS phakathi nezinkinga zembulunga yonke, ukuhlanganisa ukusekela okunzima okunengxenye, ukusekela okungaguquguquki kwe-acem jictrameter, kanye nezinguquko ze-propatitement comment. Ikhono layo lokubambisana neRBA, ohulumeni bezwe, kanye nemikhakha yezizwe ngezizwe liye lavunywa ezinkingeni eziningi, kusukela eGFC ukuya eC yeC, ukuhlanganisa i-COVAID-19. Kodwa inkinga ngayinye iveza izinselele ezintsha zezeluleko oluphezulu ("impatho yokuzinzisa, ukulondolozwa kwemali, ukugcinwa kwezikwele, ukugcinwa kwezikwele, ukuvuleka kwe-ase-politiki, nokuvela kwezingozi ze-inthaneti ze-inthaneti. Amasu anikeza i-Anntensssssssss ezimweni zezomnotho nezokuchuma.