Ukuqonda Intela Yempahla Nendima Yayo Ezikhungweni Zendawo

Intela yempahla ingenye yezibopho ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingokwezimali kumninikhaya nakuzo zonke izitsha zezindawo, kodwa abantu abaningi bayazi kahle indlela abasebenza ngayo nangalokho abakuxhasayo. Kunokungabi nje esinye isikhwama sokukhokha, intela yempahla iwumgogodla ohulumeni bendawo kulo lonke elase-United States, ukunikeza izikole zezimali, ukulondeka komphakathi, izinhlelo zezezimali, nezomphakathi. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukubheka okunegunya, ukukhokha intela yempahla − indlela ababala ngayo, izimpikiswano ezibaleleneyo, intela ezibaleleneyo, kanye namasu asebenzayo okuphatha umthwalo wakho wentela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumthengisi wekhaya wokuqala, umnikazi osenesikhathi eside, noma umnini wempahla, noma umnini wendawo okhathalelayo, intela edinga ukukhokhwazwa kahle kwezentengo yokwaziswa futhi ungaba nenzuzo emphakathini wakho.

Iyini Intela Yempahla?

Phakathi nendawo, intela yempahla ibizwa ngelevy esabelweni esingokoqobo − izwe nanoma yiziphi izakhiwo ezakhiwe kuyo . Ohulumeni bendawo, kuhlanganise nobala, amadolobha, amadolobha, izifunda, nezifunda ezikhethekile (njengomlilo noma iziphathimandla zamanzi), bahlola futhi baqoqe lentela. Ngokungafani nemali noma intela yokuthengisa, intela yempahla iwubukroti[[, okusho ukuthi balingana nenani lempahla. Lokhu kubenza babe umthombo wenkokhelo ozi ozinzile kahulumeni bendawo, njengoba izinga lezindawo zishintsha kancane kancane kakhulu kunemisebenzi yezezomnotho.

Intela yempahla ayiyona intela kahulumeni; ziyindaba kazwelonke neyasendaweni. Izwe ngalinye linesimiso salo somthetho sokukhokha intela yempahla, futhi ngaphakathi kwezwe, amagunya endawo anezikhundla ezinkulu ekuhleleni nakungakhululeki. Ngokwe- Tax Policy Center[, intela yempahla elinganiselwa cishe amaphesenti angu-30 engqikithi yemali kahulumeni wendawo ngo-2021, ewenza abe umthombo oyinhloko wezimali zezinkonzo eziningi ezidingekile.

Indlela Intela Yempahla Ebalwa Ngayo

Ukubala intela yempahla kuhilela inqubo enezitebhisi eziningi ehluka ngokulawula kodwa ngokuvamile elandela indlela ejwayelekile:

  • Ukuhlelwa Kwenani Lempahla: Umhloli wentela wendawo unquma inani lempahla ehlolwayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kungamaphesenti enani layo lezentengiselwano (ngokwesibonelo, 80% noma 100%) futhi kungashintshwa ngonyaka noma ngezikhathi ezikude. I-assess zisekelwe ekuthengiseni okulinganayo, izindleko zokubuyisela, noma imali (ngezakhiwo eziqashiwe).
  • Isicelo sokukhulula nokukhipha: Izifunda nezindawo zinikeza intela yempahla enciphisa inani elikhokhelwayo. Izikhululo ezivamile zihlanganisa ukukhululwa ekhaya ngenxa yezindawo zokuhlala eziyinhloko eziphindwa umninizo, ukukhulula kwezakhamuzi ezindala, omakadlelwano, noma abantu abakhubazekile, kanye nokukhulula ngezakhiwo zendabuko noma indawo yezolimo.
  • Rate elinganiselwayo (Imali): Ohulumeni bendawo bahlela intela, evezwa ezigayweni. Isigamu esisodwa silingana nesenti elilodwa lentela ngenani lemali engu-R2 000. Impahla enenani elilinganiselwayo lamaR1 000 000 kanye nengqikithi ye-ebhulali ezingu-50 (R1,50 000) ezintela zempahla zaminyaka yonke (R1,50 000) × 50 = R1,000).
  • Ukukhokhwa kweThreasub: Intela yokugcina iwumkhiqizo wenani elikhokhelwayo (ngemva kokukhulula) eliphindaphindwe ngesilinganiso sentela, elihlukaniswe yi-alumitage. Ezinye izifunda zisebenzisa izinqumo ezikhethekile zokuthuthukisa indlela ethile ehamba ngezinyawo noma izibani zomgwaqo.

Ngokwesibonelo, eTexas, i- Compoller inikeza isiqondiso esiningiliziwe sendlela intela yempahla elinganiswa ngayo, kuhlanganise nendima yezindawo ezihlolwayo nesilinganiso sentela yokutholwa kwezinhlangano zendawo. Ukuqonda lenqubo kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba amaphutha ekuhlolweni noma ukuhlelwa ngokungafanele kwenkululeko kungaholela ekukhokhelweni ngokweqile.

Izici Eziyinhloko Ezithonya Intela Yempahla Yakho

  • I-Market Sulvends:[ ngokuphazima kweso ukukhuphuka kwezindinganiso zasekhaya ezimakethe ezishisayo kungasunduza izindinganiso ezihlolwayo, ngisho noma impahla yakho ingashintshanga. Lokhu kungaholela ekunyukeni kwentengo” .Intela ikhuphukela ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa impahla.
  • [ Izinguquko zezinga: Ohulumeni bendawo bangandisa izikhokhiso ngezibopho ezamukelwa yivoti noma ukulungisa uhlelo, ukwandisa intela.
  • [ Ukuhlenga: Ukwehluleka ukufaka isicelo sokukhulula ofanelekelayo kungandisa inani lakho elikhokhelwayo kakhulu.
  • Ukuhlola ukufana: ukuhlaziya okuguquguqukayo ezicini ezifanayo kungaholela ekutheni izakhiwo zikhokhelwe kakhulu noma ngaphansi kwesabelo sabo esilungile.

Okwenza Intela Yempahla Ibaluleke: Izinkonzo Ezibalulekile Zendawo Ziyaxhaswa

Intela yempahla ayikho izindleko nje kuphela, kodwa iwukutshala imali emphakathini. Imali ekhiqizwa ngokuqondile encike ezakhamuzini nsuku zonke. Nakhu ukuwohloka kwezindawo eziyinhloko ezixhaswayo:

Imfundo Yomphakathi

Ezifundazweni eziningi, intela yempahla ikhokhelwa ingxenye enkulu kakhulu yezimali ezikoleni zomphakathi. Lemali ikhokhela amaholo othisha, izinto zokunakekela amakilasi, ukulungiswa kwezifundo, ubuchwepheshe, imisebenzi yangemva kwesikole, nezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokufundisa. Izikole ngokuvamile zinentela yazo siqu, futhi abavoti bangavumela intela eyengeziwe yempahla yokusekela intuthuko yezezikole noma yezindawo zokugijima. Ngokwe- National Center for Education Attustics[, cishe intela yezesikole yomphakathi ivela emithonjeni yendawo, ikakhulukazi intela yempahla. Njengomphumela, izifunda ezicebile ezinezikhungosi eziphezulu zingakhokha imali engcono, enyukayo ekhathalela kakhulu.

Ukuphepha Komphakathi

Iminyango yamaphoyisa, izikhungo zomlilo, izinkonzo zezokwelapha eziphuthumayo (EMS), kanye no-911 zithembele kakhulu enkokhelweni yentela yempahla. Lemali isekela intela yezisebenzi, imishini (amaloli ahamba ngemoto, imisakazo), ukuqeqeshwa, nokunakekelwa kwezakhiwo. Isimiso sokuphepha komphakathi esivunyiweyo siqinisekisa ukuthi izikhathi zokusabela ngokushesha, ukuvinjelwa kobugebengu okungcono, nokusabela okuphumelelayo. Eminye imiphakathi futhi inezindawo ezihlukene “ezikontini” noma“ izifunda zenkonzo zezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi.

Izakhiwo Nezokuhamba

Intela yendawo isiza ekulondolozeni nasekuthuthukiseni imigwaqo yendawo, amabhuloho, imigwaqwe, imizila yamabhayisekili, izibani zasemgwaqweni, izimpawu zezimoto nezimiso zokuthutha umphakathi. Ngaphandle kwale mali, imigodi ingaba nengozi, amabhuloho angaphelelwa amandla, futhi izindlela zokuhamba zomphakathi zingancipha. Izindawo eziningi namadolobha zisebenzisa izintela zempahla ukuze zihambisane nezakhiwo ezinkulu noma iminikelo kahulumeni yemisebenzi yezezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi.

Amapaki, Ukuzijabulisa, Nezinkonzo Zomphakathi

Amapaki omphakathi, imidlalo, amatheku okubhukuda, izikhungo zomphakathi, imitapo yezincwadi nezinhlelo zamasiko zivame ukuxhaswe ngentela yempahla. Lezi zimo zithuthukisa izinga lokuphila, zisekela impilo engokomzimba nengokwengqondo, futhi zinikeze izindawo zokuhlangana. Kwezinye izindawo, abavoti bavumela izivumelwano ezikhethekile zokuthuthukisa ipaki noma ukuvikela indawo.

Ezinye Izinkonzo Ezibalulekile

  • [ Isihe neNkonzo yobuntu:[ iminyango yezempilo yendawo, izakhiwo zempilo yengqondo, nezinhlelo zasebekhulile noma imikhaya ehlawulwayo ephansi ingathola imali yokukhokha intela yempahla.
  • Ukuhlanganisa nobulungisa: Intela yempahla isekela omabhalane besifundazwe, izinkantolo, amajele, neminye imisebenzi yokuphatha.
  • [ Izinkonzo zobulungu: Ukuphathwa kwemfucumfucu, izinhlelo zokubuyisela, nemizamo yokulondoloza ingaxhaswe ngokwengxenye ngentela yempahla.

Izinselele Nezindawo Ezizungezile Intela Yempahla

Nakuba intela yempahla iyinqubo engokomthetho yokuxhasa imali, futhi iwumthombo ovamile wempikiswano yomphakathi nezinselele zomthetho. Ukuqonda lezi zimpikiswano kusiza abaninikhaya ukuba basekele ukuphathwa ngokufanele nezinguquko zesimiso.

Ukukhathazeka Ngokungalingani Nomphumela Owokuphindisela

Izintela zempahla ngokuvamile zigxekwa njengeziwukweqisayo ngoba azisekelwe emholweni. Umuntu othathe umhlalaphansi ohlala ekhaya elinokwazisa okuphawulekayo angase akhokhe kakhulu ngentela yempahla kunaleyo angayikhokha, ngisho noma iholo lawo liphansi. Lokhu kungaholela ekukhokheleni “intela yokukhokha” noma ukudayisa ngempoqo. Ezinye izizwe zinikela“ umqeshi wemali yempahla ekhokhelwayo" izinhlelo ezikhokha intela njengengxenye yeholo, kodwa lezi azikhokhisi yonke indawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaqashi bemali ephansi bangathwala umthwalo ngokungaqondile ngentela ephakeme, njengoba abanini bekhokha intela yempahla.

Ukukhanya Nokushintshashintsha Kwentengiselwano

Izimakethe zezindawo zingaba nezindawo eziguquguqukayo. Phakathi nokuchuma kwezindlu, izindleko zentela , kanjalo intela elinganiselwa ngokuphawulekayo , icindezela imali esetshenziswa ekhaya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, phakathi nemali yempatho yempahla incipha kodwa amazinga entela anganyuka ukuze kukhokhelwe imali elahlekile, okusho ukuthi abanikazi bezindlu bangase bangaboni ukwehla. Lokhu kuntengantenga kwenza kube nzima ngemikhaya ukuhlela isikhathi eside futhi kubangele ukungalingani kwezomnotho.

Izimpikiswano Nokubona Ingaphandle

Ukuhlola izakhiwo akuyona njalo okunembile noma okulungile. Abahloli bezakhiwo bangasebenzisa imininingwane ephelelwe isikhathi, baphuthelwa, noma basebenzise izindlela ezingavumelaniyo. Abanikazi bekhaya abakholelwa ukuthi impahla yabo inenani elikhulu bangafaka isikhalo ngebhodi lezokuhlola lendawo. Nokho, lenqubo ingasabisa futhi ithathe isikhathi, futhi abantu abaningi bangakhangi ngisho nalapho benombono osemthethweni. Ukungacaci kokuthi izakhiwo ziphathwa kanjani ngokungathembana. I-Inveedia [ inikeza iziqondiso ezithatha izinyathelo uma usola ngokungaqondile.

Ukulinganiselwa Kwentela Nezimpi Zezombangazwe

Ezifundazweni eziningi, imingcele yentela yempahla iye yamiswa ngokuthatha isinyathelo njenge-Procence 13, enyuka inani elihlolwayo ngonyaka. Nakuba izinyathelo ezinjalo zivikela abanikazi bamakhaya abakhona ekunyukeni kwentela okusheshayo, zingaholela futhi ekulinganiseni / abanikazi bezindlu abasha bangakhokha izintela ezinkulu kakhulu kunabanikazi besikhathi eside bezakhiwo ezifanayo. Ukuphikisana ngenkokhelo yentela, ukukhulula, nezinguquko kuyaqhubeka ezindlu zombuso nasemikhawulweni ye-colovolot ezweni lonke.

Ukuphatha Intela Yempahla: Izinhlangano Eziwusizo

Nakuba ungenakuyigwema ngokuphelele intela yempahla, kunezinyathelo eziningana ongazithatha ukuze ulawule umthwalo wakho wentela ngokuphumelelayo futhi ugweme ukukhokha ngokweqile.

1. Qonda Izincwadi Zentela Nemithetho Yendawo

Hlola noma iziphi izinombolo ze-layini ephepheni lakho lentela yempahla yaminyaka yonke. Qonda amagunya ahlukahlukene akhokhela intela (isifundazwe, isifunda sesikole, idolobha, izifunda ezikhethekile) kanye namanani awo ahlukene. Hlala waziswe ngamazinga entela nezibopho ezihlongozwayo kukhetho lwendawo---------------costance. Ama-website amaningi esifunda anikeza umlando wentela kanye nezincwadi zokuhlelwa kwemali.

2. Qinisekisa Ukuhlolwa Kwempahla Yakho

Thola amarekhodi empahla yakho ehhovisi lomboni wendawo. Qhathanisa nokubaluleka okuhlolwayo kwenani lamuva lokuthengwa kwezakhiwo ezifanayo endaweni yakini. Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho kubonakala kuphakeme, unelungelo lokudlulisa izicelo. Izinsuku zokuhamba ziqinile, ngakho phawula ikhalenda lakho. Hlanganisa ubufakazi obufana nokuhlola, izithombe, noma ukwaziswa kwamuva okudayiswayo ukuze usekele icala lakho. Ezindaweni eziningi, ungacela ukubukezwa ngokwethukela phambi kwe-teclear.

3. Yandisa Izinhlelo Zokusiza Ngentela Ezikhona

Izinhlelo ezivamile zokungahlawuli zihlanganisa ipulatifomu, isakhamuzi esikhulile, esingomakad ’ ebona, ukukhubazeka, kanye nezinhlelo zentela yempahla. Ezinye zithi “izinhlelo ezilinganisela ukwanda kwaminyaka yonke kwabaninikhaya abafanelekayo. Hlola ukuthi yini ekhona esifundazweni sakho ngokuvakashela ihhovisi lemali noma umthelisi wendawo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Oregon’s Position Defereral Program[FL:1] ivumela abantu abadala abafanelekayo nabakhubazekile ukuba babambe intela kuze kuthengiswe impahla.

4. Qonda Indlela Intuthuko Yasekhaya Ethinta Ngayo Intela

Ukuvuselelwa okukhulu − njengokuhlanganisa ikamelo, ukuqeda igumbi elingaphansi, noma ukwakha idekhi, kungandisa inani lempahla yakho futhi kanjalo intela yakho. Ngaphambi kokwenza imisebenzi enjalo, buza isikhululo sakho ukuthi ziyoziswa kanjani nokuthi zikhona yini izikhalazo zesikhashana zokuthuthukisa. Ezinye izizwe zikhulula ngokulandelana kwemisebenzi ethile enciphisa amandla.

5. Ukusetshenziswa Kwemali Ngentela Yempahla

Uma unendawo yokubolekisa, ngokunokwenzeka ubolekisa intela yempahla njengengxenye yenkokhelo yakho yanyanga zonke futhi uyibeke e-akhawuntini ye-akhawunti. Nokho, uma unekhaya lakho mahhala futhi ucacile, kumelwe ubeke izimali eceleni wena ngokwakho. Yenza i-akhawunti yemali enikezelwe futhi unikele nyanga zonke ngokusekelwe kwintela yakho yaminyaka yonke ukuze ugweme ukuntengantenga. Sebenzisa imininingwane yentela engokomlando ulindele ukwanda.

6. Imikhuba Yokungalungi Ivivinyeka Emphakathini Wakini

Uma uqaphela ukuthi ukuhlukanisa noma ukuntuleka kokubona kude, zihlanganise nezinhlangano zabakhokhi bentela bendawo noma ukuya emihlanganweni yesifundazwe. Umsekeli wokuhlola njalo ukudluliswa kwezicelo ezizimele, amabhodi okunxusa angcono, nemfundo yomphakathi mayelana nezinqubo zentela yempahla. Ukuqoqa izinto kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni inzuzo yabo bonke abanikazi bempahla.

Ikusasa Lezinguquko Zentela

Izimiso zentela zempahla zisiza ekufezeni ukushintshwa kwenani labantu, ukuhwebelana kwezentengiselwano, nokulingana kwezenhlalo. Okunye ukuthambekela kokubukela kuhlanganisa:

  • Izimpawu zemali efunyenweyo: Izifunda eziningi zihlola izinhlelo zesephulo sesifunda ezivala intela njengengxenye yeholo lendlu, zivikela abanikazi bekhaya abaphansi nabaholayo ngokusesilinganisweni.
  • Intela egobelweyo: Abanye abasekeli basikisela ukukhokha izakhiwo zokuhlala nezentengiselwano ngamazinga ahlukene ukudlulisela umthwalo owengeziwe emabhizinisini, nakuba lokhu kusaphikisana.
  • Ukubonisa ngaphaya: i-Online stables ezivumela abanikazi bekhaya ukuba babheke umlando wabo wokuhlola, ukudayisa okulinganayo, nezinga lentela liya liba elivamile, ukunciphisa ulwazi.
  • Intengo yomhlaba yokubaluleka: Ezinye izazi zezomnotho ziphikisa ngokubiza indawo ngenani elikhulu kunentuthuko, enganqanda ukuqagela nokukhuthaza ukukhula. Nakuba kungeyona into ebanzi, iye yasetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezimbalwa njengePennsylvania.
  • Isiko-lokuHlala Imali eNingizimu: Njengendawo engenisa ukunyuka kwentela yempahla, ohulumeni bendawo bangafuna eminye imithombo yenzuzo njengentela yokuthengisa noma intela, ukususa umthwalo ngezindlela ezintsha.

Isiphetho

Intela yempahla ingaphezulu kakhulu kwesibopho sezimali, ibaluleke kakhulu kwemiphakathi yendawo, izimali ezixhasa izikole, ukuphepha, izakhiwo, nemisebenzi echaza izinga lokuphila. Ngokuqonda indlela intela yempahla ekhokhelwa ngayo, ukuthi ikhokha kanjani, nokuthi ingaphatha kanjani ngokuhlakanipha, abaniniyo abamakhaya abakwazi ukulondoloza imali kuphela kodwa futhi babe yizakhamuzi ezifundile. Nakuba izinselele zokuzimela nokuzimela, ukuhlola, ukubhalisa, ukubhalisa intela, nokusebenzisa intela ngendlela efanelekile kungasiza ekunciphiseni umthwalo. Njengoba imithetho yentela yempahla iqhubeka iguquka, ukuhlala ufundile kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokusekela ukuzuza umphakathi wakho. Yilapho izinhlelo zokuhlola, ukuhlola izinhlelo zokusiza, futhi intela yendawo ihlangene yokubusa inzuzo yakho.