Table of Contents
Ukuqonda Okukhethwa Phakathi Nezigaba Nomthetho
Ukhetho lwe-mistment lwenzeka njalo eminyakeni emibili, luncipha phakathi kwemincintiswano kamongameli, futhi lunengxenye enkulu ekulolongeni isizwe i-’ i-province nesiqondiso sesimiso. Abavoter bakhetha wonke amalungu angu-435 eNdlu yeSishaya-Mnyango, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yeSishaya-Nkathi, kanye nezikhulu ezingenakubalwa zezwe nezikhulu zendawo u-— kubaphathi-mthetho nonohulumeni kumthetho kuhulumeni abameli jikelele nonobhala bezwe. Lamahhovisi athonya ngokuqondile ezinqunyweni zempilo, imfundo, intela, namalungelo omphakathi. Nokho ukuhlanganyela kokhetho ngokweminyaka engokobukhompulumente engokobuweyo kulandela iminyaka eminingi. Ukuqonda imithetho namalungelo okulawula lokhu kukhetha okubusayo kubaluleke kakhulu kuzakhamuzi abafuna ukwenza izwi labo abameli bezwe bezwe ukuba bavinye bezwe.
Lo mqondisi uhamba ngokufuna ukuvota, izimfuneko zokubhalisa, izindlela zokuvota, imithetho yokuhlukanisa, kanye nesivikelo esingokomthetho esivikela ilungelo lakho lokuvota. Kuhlanganisa nezinyathelo ezisebenzayo ongazithatha ukuze uzilungiselele, kuhlanganise nendlela yokulawula ushintsho emithethweni yokhetho olungase lukuthinte.
Ukuba Nesizotha Nokubhaliswa
Isimo Esiyisisekelo Sokukwazi Ukubhekana Nezimo
Ukuze uvote kukhetho lwaphakathi nenkathi yokukhetha, kumelwe uhlangabezane nezimfuneko ezintathu eziyisisekelo: Kumelwe ube isakhamuzi sase-U.S., okungenani uneminyaka engu-18 ubudala noma ngaphambi koSuku Lokukhetha, futhi ube isakhamuzi sombuso lapho uhlose ukuvota khona. Eziningi zifuna futhi ukuba ungaboshelwa ukuqunjelwa icala okwamanje, nakuba imithetho yokulahla i-inferychances ihluka kakhulu. Amanye amazwe abuyisela ngokuzenzekelayo amalungelo okuvota ngemva kokuqeda isigwebo, kuyilapho amanye edinga isicelo esingokomthetho noma izikhathi ezengeziwe zokulinda.
Izincwadi zomphakathi aziceliwe ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa kwabavoti abaningi, kodwa ezinye izifundazwe zingacela ubufakazi be-indawo uma zibhalisa okokuqala. Kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlola i-&rsquo ye-mode yakho; izimfuneko eziqondile ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi sokubhalisa ukuze kugwenywe noma yiziphi izinkinga zesikhashana.
Izindlela Zokubhalisa Nezindlela Ezifile
Izinqubo zokubhalisa ziye zashintsha-shintsha eminyakeni yamuva, kodwa izinsuku ezimisiwe zihlala ziqinile. Izifunda eziningi zivale ukubhaliswa cishe izinsuku eziyi-15 kuya kwezingu-30 ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho. Nokho, inani elandayo lezifunda ezinikeza ukubhaliswa kosuku olufanayo, ivumela abavoti abafanelekayo ukuba babhalise futhi bafake incwadi yokubhalisa ngosuku olufanayo lwe-— uma beqala ukuvota noma nge-Evolution Day ngokwayo. Kusukela ngo-2024, izifunda ezingaphezu kwe-20 kanye no-Di district of Columbia zivumela uhlobo oluthile lokubhalisa usuku olulodwa.
Izindlela ezivamile zokubhalisa zihlanganisa:
- Ekubhaliseni kolayini – Manje ikhona ezifundazweni ezingaphezu kuka-40. Udinga inombolo yemvume kahulumeni-osheshi u-’ ilayisense noma inombolo ye-ID ukuze uqede inqubo. Bheka i-panectographus i-paredis.
- Ngokubhalisa okusemthethweni – Ikhona emahhovisi okukhetha esifundazwe, emnyangweni wamahhovisi ezimoto, emitatsheni yezincwadi yomphakathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngezikhathi ezithile ngemishini emisiwe yokubhalisa. Lendlela ilokhu iyindlela ethembekile kulabo abakhetha ukubheka- phambili kusizo olusezandleni.
- Iposi-mbhalisa – Idinga ukuqeda iNational Mail Voter Brigionation Form bese uyithumela ehhovisi lokhetho lendawo. Ifomu itholakala ngezilimi eziningi ukusuka kwi-U.S. Confect Conficition Commission. Qiniseka ukunikeza isikhathi esanele sokuhambisa nokulungisa ngaphambi kosuku.
Hlola Ukuthi Ubhaliswe Kanjani Kusukela Kudala
Amaphutha ohlelweni lwevoti kungenzeka. Kungenzeka ukuthi uthuthile, ushintshe igama lakho, noma ukhishwe kungaqondakali emiquluni. Ukuhlola isimo sakho sokubhalisa emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba ukhetho lukunike isikhathi sokulungisa noma yiziphi izindaba. Izifundazwe eziningi zinikeza ithuluzi mahhala ku-ingosi ye-inthanethi ukuqinisekisa imininingwane yakho yokubhalisa, indawo yokuhlola, kanye nokuhlangana kweqembu. Amathuluzi esizwe anjenge-. org futhi zinikeza i-screenties asheshayo kunoma isiphi isimo.
Uma uthola ukuthi awubhaliswanga, yenza ngokushesha. Ungacabangi ukuthi ungavele uvele ngoSuku Lokhetho futhi ubhalise i-— ngaphandle kokuba uphile esimweni sokubhalisa sosuku olufanayo futhi unganikeza ubufakazi bokuhlala.
Izindlela Zokusakaza Nezindlela Zokudlulisela Izindaba
Ukusakaza Ngeposi Ngosuku Lokhetho
Indlela engokwesiko yokuvota ihilela ukuya endaweni yakho yokuvota eyabelwe ngoSuku Lokhetho. Amahora okucosha ahlelwa umthetho kazwelonke futhi avame ukusukela ekuseni kakhulu (6: 00 noma 7:00 a.m.) kuze kube sekuseni kakhulu (7: 00 noma 8:00 p.m.). Uma nje usekhona eduze kwesikhathi sokuhlola, unelungelo lokuphonsa ibholathi. Izisebenzi ziqeqeshelwa ukulawula imigqa futhi ziqinisekise bonke abavoti emgqeni ngesikhathi sokuphetha zingavota.
Ngaphambi kokubhekisa phambili kulokhu kuhlola, qinisekisa indawo yakho yokuhlola. Izinguquko zingayenzeka ngenxa yokuhlanganisa indawo, ukuhlanganisa, noma ukutholakala kwezindawo. I-website yehhovisi lakho noma yehhovisi lokhetho lendawo izohlela indawo yakho yokuvota esekelwe ekhelini lakho elibhaliwe. Izindawo zokunyemba zidingeka ukuba zitholakale ukuze abavoti abakhubazekile, kuhlanganise nokukwazi ukufinyelela isihlalo sabakhubazekile, ukuvota okungabanjwa, nemishini yokuvota efinyelelekayo.
Ukusaswa Kwamanzi Kusencane
Cishe wonke umbuso unikeza uhlobo oluthile lokuvota kwasekuqaleni, unika abavoti ithuba lokuvota ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho. Izinkathi zokuvota zakuqala zisukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa. Ezinye izifundazwe zisebenzisa izindawo zokuvota zakudala ezindaweni eziningi, kuhlanganise namahhovisi okuvota esifundazwe, izikhungo zomphakathi, nezincwadi. Ukuvota kwakuqala kunciphisa izikhathi zokulinda futhi kunciphisa umthwalo emithonjeni yoSuku Lokhetho.
Bheka i-&rsquo yesifundazwe sakho; ihlela ukuvota kwasekuqaleni futhi uthole indawo engcono. Ukuvota kwakuqala kungcono kulabo abanezimiso zomsebenzi ezingalindelekile, imithwalo yemfanelo yokunakekela, noma amasu okuhamba eduze koSuku Lokhetho.
Iposi ngaphakathi kanye ne Abisee Balot
Kuvota i-— ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi ukuvota okungekhoyo, i-— iye yanda kakhulu. Zonke izifundazwe manje zivumela uhlobo oluthile lokuvota ngeposi, kodwa imithetho iyahlukahluka. Ezinye izigodi zithumela iposi kubo bonke abavoti ababhalisiweyo. Ezinye zifuna ukuba abavoti bacele i-colover engekho futhi banikeze isizathu sokudinga umuntu oyedwa, njengokugula, ukuhamba, noma ukukhubazeka. Inani elikhula lamazwe alizange lithathe ukuvota, livumele noma imuphi umvoti obhaliwe ukuba acele i-posi ngaphandle kokunikeza isizathu.
Uma uhlela ukuvota ngeposi, landela lezi zinyathelo ngokucophelela:
- Cela isicelo sakho kusenesikhathi[ – izisebenzisi zamukelwa kakhulu ezinsukwini ezingu 30 kuya ku-60 ngaphambi kokhetho. Faka isicelo sakho ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi.
- phelelisa ibhola lakho ngokufanele – phawula ukukhetha kwakho ngokucacile nangendlela efundiswe ngayo. Ama-dender oval noma axhumanisa imicibisholo ngendlela eqondiswe ngayo. Ukukhipha noma ukulahleka kwezimpawu kungaqeda amandla ebhola lakho.
- Signi imvilophu &nnash; isignesha yakho emvilophini yokubuya isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungubani ngokuphikisana nerekhodi lakho lokuvota. Isignesha elahlekile noma engafani ingenye yezizathu ezivamile zokulahla.
- Buyela ngesikhathi – Mail ibhola lakho lifike ngokushesha ngokwaneleyo ngoSuku Lokhetho. Ezinye izifundazwe zithatha iziphawuli zeposi eziphawulwe ngu-Ecostation Day; ezinye zidinga irisithi ngokuqeda izinqumo. Bhala i-colot yakho ku-inthanethi uma umbuso wakho unikeza leyonketho ukuze uyiqinisekise futhi ubalwe.
Kuvoti bezempi naphesheya, i-Absee Voting Act inikeza izivikelo ezengeziwe nezinqubo ezicatshangelwe. Hamba u- Federal Voding Application Program[[FLT: 1] ukuze uthole isiqondiso.
Izimfuneko Zokwazi Ukuhlukanisa
Imithetho ye-voter iphakathi kwemithetho yokukhetha eguquguquka kakhulu nephikisana kakhulu. Izwe liwela ezigabani eziningana:
- Isithombe se-ID – Inani elincane lezifundazwe lifuna abavoti ukuba banikeze i-ID yesithombe sikahulumeni esifakwe uhulumeni, njenge-somchayer ’ ilayisense, ipassport, noma i-ID yezempi. Uma ungakwazi ukuveza eyodwa, unganikezwa ibhola le-acter futhi ubuye ngezimpawu phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uvote.
- Isithombe seNon-fono-fin ID – Voters zingacelwa ukuba zibonise i-ID yesithombe, kodwa labo abangenaye bangavota ngokusayina i-affidavit, ukunikeza ibhukwana elingakhonjwanga, noma ukuba nesisebenzi sokuhlola esichaza ukuthi zingobani.
- Non-photo IID[ – Ezinye izifundazwe zithatha amadokhumende njengesikhwama senzuzo, isitatimende sebhange, noma ishekethi elibonisa igama lakho nekheli.
- Akukho mfuneko ye-ID – Amazwe ambalwa awadingi kwaziswa ku-inquisio; abavoti bamane banikeze isisebenzi sokuvota igama nekheli labo.
Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi i-ID yakho idingani, hlola ingosi yakho yokhetho noma thinta i-'FLT's Conference of State Legislatures &rsquo'; i-octer Imedium ye-ID [. Yilethe i-ID yakho ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi akudingeki i-— kungcono ukuba ibe nayo futhi ingadingeki.
Ukuphakela Amalungelo Kahulumeni Nesivikelo Esingokomthetho
Umthetho Ka - 1965 Wokulwela Amalungelo Abantu
Lomthetho kahulumeni ophawulekayo wenqabela ukucwasana kohlanga ekuvoteni. Ingxenye 2 ye-Voting Rights Act iyasebenza ezweni lonke futhi yenqabela noma yimuphi umkhuba wokuvota noma inqubo enqabela noma ibhuloho ilungelo lokuvota ngenxa yesizwe, ibala, noma amalungu eqenjini lolimi oluncane. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imikhuba enjengesigqekezo sokuvota, ukuvota ngokuncitshiswa kwezindawo zesifunda, kanye nezimfuneko ze-ID zomvoti womthetho wobuvoti.
Ingxenye 203 yoMthetho idinga izifunda ezithile ezikhuluma ulimi oluphawulekayo ukuze kukhishwe izinto zokuvota, kuhlanganise nezivoti, abaqondisi, nezindlela zokubhalisa. Izilimi ezihlanganiswayo zihlanganisa iSpanishi, isiShayina, isiVietnamese, isiKorea, isiFilipino, isiNavajo nezinye, kuye ngokuthi ziyini.
Uma ukhuluma olunye ulimi ngaphandle kwesiNgisi futhi udinga usizo, unelungelo lokuletha umuntu okhethe ukukuvota, uma nje lowomuntu engeyena umqashi wakho noma ummeleli wenyunyana yakho. Umthetho kaFederal uvumela abavoti abakhubazekile ukuba bathole usizo kumuntu abamethembayo.
Abantu BaseMelika Abakhubazekile Futhi Abasize AbaseMelika Ukuba Bathathe Isinyathelo
AmaMelika ane-Cult yokukhubazeka afuna ukuba izindawo zokuhlola zitholakale ngokomzimba kubavoti abakhubazekile. IHelp America Vote Act ka-2002 yagcizelela lemfuneko ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi indawo yonke evotayo inomshini wokuvota owodwa ofinyelelekayo. Lemishini inikeza izici ezifana nombhalo omkhulu wokunyathelisa, ukufunda i-collet, ukumunca nge-paff, kanye nokuvota ngekhono. Ukuvota kuyinketho futhi ezizweni eziningi ezingakwazi ukungena endaweni yokuvota ngaphandle kosizo.
Uma uhlangana nemingcele endaweni yakho yokuvota i — njengepalishi elingenakho ukufinyela, iminyango emincane, noma imishini engasebenzi kahle i-— ibika ngokushesha kumphathi wezokuvota noma umahluleli wokhetho. Ungafaka isikhalo kuMnyango Wezikhundla Zomphakathi.
Isivikelo Ekubeni Nesithukuthezi
Ukuthusa, ukusongela, noma ukubopha umvoti ubugebengu obukahulumeni. Izibonelo zokwesatshiswa okungekho emthethweni zihlanganisa ukuveza izikhali endaweni yokuvota, ukusakaza ukwaziswa okungamanga ngezinqubo zokuvota noma izimfuneko, ukusongela ukubiza umthetho ukuba ubeke inselele umvoti, noma ukubuza umvoti ngenkani. Ababheki nababekela inselele kumelwe balandele imithetho eqinile futhi bangakwazi ukusondela ngokuqondile kubavoti.
Uma uzibonela noma wesatshiswa, ungabika ukuthi:
- Ihhovisi lenu lokhetho lendawo noma izisebenzi zokuvota ezisesakhiweni
- I-Evotion Protection line-fitline: 866-OUR-VOTE (866-687-8683) ngesiNgisi, noma 88VE-Y-VOTA (888 888 888 88888888888682) nge-Spanishi
- I-Department of Justice Voting Rights Hotline: 800-253-331
- Ummeli wakho omkhulu wezwe u-’ ihhovisi
Imithombo eqinisekisiwe yokwaziswa mayelana nendawo ovota kuyo, amahora okuvota, ne-ID. Unganciki kubaphangi noma ezikhungweni zezokuxhumana ezingase zibe nokungaqondi.
Ukuguquguquka Kwezimo ZoMbuso Nezinguquko Zamuva
Ukulandela Umthetho Wokukhetha
Imithetho yokukhetha ayimiswa. Izishaya-mthetho zikahulumeni zinikeza njalo imithetho elungisa imithetho yokubhalisa, izimfuneko ze-ID, izinqubo zokuvota, inkathi yokuqala, nokulahla ibhokisi lokuvota. Kusukela ngo-202020, imibuso eminingi iye yamisa imithetho enwebisayo noma evimbela ukuvota. Ezinye izifundazwe ziye zanezela amabhokisi okulahla, ukuvota kwakuqala, nokubhalisa okubhaliwe. Ezinye ziye zanezela izimfuneko ze-ID, zifinyeze amafasitela okucela iposi, zivimbele ukuvuna i-bolobolotte, noma ukuhlanza okuvota okukhuculwa kwamanani akhudlwana.
Ukwazi imithetho esendaweni yakho kuwumthwalo wakho njengomvoti. Hlola ingosi yakho yebhodi yokhetho yamazwe okungenani amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ngaphambi koSuku Lokhetho ukuze ubukeze noma iziphi izinguquko zamuva. Izinhlangano ezingangeni-partistan njenge Brennan Center for Justice zilandele lezinguquko futhi zinikeze izifushaniso ezifinyelelwe.
Ama - ballet Alungiselelayo: Inethi Eliphephile
Uma igama lakho lingekho kumqulu wokhetho, awunayo i-ID edingekayo, noma kunombuzo ngokulingana kwakho, unelungelo lokuphonsa i-collet ye-application. I-colot esemthethweni ibekelwe eceleni kuze kube yilapho izikhulu zokhetho zingaqinisekisa ukuthi ungubani futhi ungakwazi ukuvuma ngemva koSuku Lokhetho. Uzonikwa irisithi noma inani lokuhlola ukuthi i-balot yakho ibibaliwe yini. Ezifundazweni eziningi, unefasitela i-&mdash elinganiselwe; kaningi izikhulu zezinsuku ezimbili kuya ku-10 —to ku-m i-discleast eyongeziwe uma kudingeka.
Ungayishiyi indawo yokuvota ngaphandle kokufaka ivoti uma ufulathelekile. Lokhu kwenza umbhalo wemizamo yakho yokuvota futhi kukuvumela ukuba ulandele futhi ulungise noma iziphi izindaba.
Ukuqonda Ibhola Lakho
Amahhovisi Endawo, Isifundazwe, Nezindawo
Ama-midterbot avame ukuba nemijaho yeNdlu yabameleli be-U.S., iSigele sase-U.S. (ngezindawo ezinesihlalo esivulekile salowonyaka), kanye nezikhundla eziningi zesifundazwe: umbusi, umphathi-sifunda, ummeli, ummeli jikelele, unobhala wezwe, umgcini-masheya wezwe, izabelo zemithetho, futhi ngokuvamile abahluleli nezikhulu zesifundazwe. La mahhovisi ezwe kanye namahhovisi endawo anethonya eliqondile ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke i-— amisa iziteshi zentela, izikole zentela, iziteshi, izikhungo zomthetho, izikhungo zobuthelo, izintambo zokulawula izimali, izikhungo zobuthengi, nokuqondisa ukuvota ngokwazo.
Izilinganiso Zebhola Nokuhlelwa Kwalo
Ezifundazweni eziningi, amavota aphakathi nenkathi ahlanganisa nezinyathelo zomthetho-mfundazwe. Lezi zilinganiso ezihlongozwayo noma izinguquko zomthetho-sisekelo abavoti abavuma noma abenqaba ngokuqondile. Izihloko zingahlanganisa umthetho wentela, ukugunyazwa ngokomthetho, ukwanda kweholo elilinganiselwe, amalungelo okukhishwa kwezisu, imithetho yokuqinisekisa ukukhishwa kwezimo, nezinguquko zokuvota. Izinyathelo ze-Ballot zingaba yinkimbinkimbi. Ukufunda ulimi olusemthethweni ngokucophelela futhi ufune ukuhlola okungathathiwe yiyo emithonjeni njengeNhlangano Yabesifazane Voters noma i-Hulumends ’ ulwazi lovotor, ngokuvamile oluthunyelwa ekubhaliseni imvume yokuvota phambi kokhetho.
Ungaphunyuki i-ballat — ingaba yinzuzo njenganoma yiluphi ukhetho oluzokhethwa. Uma ungaqiniseki ngesilinganiso esithile, ukusishiya singenalutho kungcono kunokuvota ngaphandle kokuqonda okushiwo yikho, kodwa ukuhlanganyela ngolwazi kuyinzuzo.
Izinyathelo Eziwusizo Zokuhlangenwe Nakho Kokukhiqiza Imishini
- Umbhali noma uqinisekise isikhundla sakho – Yenza lokhu okungenani izinsuku ezingu-30 ngaphambi kokhetho, noma ngaphambi kwalokho uma isifundazwe sakho sinesikhathi sangaphambili. Sebenzisa [-Vote.org ukuze ufakazele ngokushesha.
- Funda i-collet yakho – izifundazwe eziningi zikhulula amavoti amaningana ngaphambi kokhetho. Funda i-intanethi yakho ukuze wazi abazothatha futhi ulinganise. Yiletha amanothi uma evunyelwe yizwe lakho.
- Ivumela indlela yakho yokuvota – Nquma ukuthi uzovota ngeposi, ngenkathi yokuqala, noma ngoSuku lokukhetha. Indlela ngayinye inezinsuku nezimiso zayo.
- GAther idinga amabhukwana – Uma isimo sakho sidinga i-ID, thatha nawe. Ukuvota iposi, gcina imvilophu yakho ilondekile futhi uyilandele ngemva kokuzithoba.
- Yazi ukuthi ungayaphi – qinisekisa indawo yakho yokuvota noma indawo yokuqala. Hlola amahora nokupaka.
- Yiba nesineke futhi uhloniphe – impoko ngokuvamile izisebenzi zomphakathi zisebenza ngokuzithandela amahora amaningi. Ziphathe ngenhlonipho. Uma kuphakama izimpikiswano, cela umphathi noma biza i-opartisan Evolution Protection line e-866-OUR-VOTE.
Imithombo Yezincwadi
- USA – Ukwaziswa nokhetho kuvela kuhulumeni kazwelonke, kuhlanganise nendlela yokubhalisa, ukuthola indawo yakho yokuvota, kanye namahhovisi okhetho ombuso.
- Brennan Center for Justice – Ingoma yomthetho wokuvota iyashintsha futhi inikeza ukuhlaziywa kwezimiso ezingahlanganisi ezithinta ukufinyelela kovoti.
- ACLU – inikeza isiqondiso ngamalungelo okuvota, imithetho ye-ID, kanye nosizo olungokomthetho kubavoti ababhekene nobandlululo noma imingcele.
- I-Vote.org – Indawo emiswe-okanye yokuhlola ukubhalisa, izicelo zebhola elingekhoyo, izikhumbuzo zokhetho, kanye nendawo yokuhlola.
- Inhlangano yesizwe yokhetho lwezwe – ama-const amawebhusayithi okukhetha asemthethweni kahulumeni wokwaziswa okugunyaziwe, okusendaweni.
- Isivikelo sokhetho sokuvikela i-Boastition – Ulwembu olungenasibhakathi lunikeza izintambo ezishisayo nosizo olungokomthetho kubavoti: 866-OUR-VOTE.
Imicabango Yokugcina
Ukhetho lwe-mistment luyintambo yakho eqondile yethonya ezimisweni nasezikhulwini ezibumba umphakathi nezwe lakini. Ukuqonda uhlelo lomthetho olulawula lokhu kuvota kukunika ithemba lokuvota ngaphandle kokudideka noma ukwesaba. Nakuba imithetho ihlukahluka ngokwezwe ngokwezwe futhi ishintshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ilungelo lakho eliyisisekelo lokuhlanganyela livikelwe ngumthetho kahulumeni. Isihluthulelo ukulungiselela: bhalisa, funda i-ballot yakho, qonda isifunda sakho i-’ imithetho, futhi wazi ukuthi ungaphendukelaphi uma ubhekana nezinkinga. Izindaba zakho zokuvota kuzo zonke izinqumo, futhi phakathi kwezikhathi azihlukile.