Ukuqonda izintela zendawo kuyisisekelo sokuhlela kahle imali yomkhaya, kodwa imikhaya eminingi ayiyinaki indlela lentela elawula ngayo izindleko zayo zansuku zonke kanye nemali egcinwe isikhathi eside. Intela yendawo, okuthiwa yimizi, izifunda, izifunda zesikole, nezifunda ezikhethekile − isekela ngokuqondile izinkonzo zomkhaya wakho ezincike kuzo: izikole zomphakathi, ukunakekelwa kwemigwaqo, isivikelo somgwaqo, amapaki, nezincwadi. Ngenxa yokuthi lentela iyahluka kakhulu kumphakathi ngamunye kuya komunye, ukwazi ukuthi ikweletani nokuthi ingakanani futhi isetshenziswa kanjani ngokunembile, kunciphisa nokungalindelekile, futhi ngisho nokukhetha ukuthi iziqondiso ezandisiwe zincikephi indawo yokuhlala. Le nqola yentela yendawo ekhubazekayo, ichaza indlela ngayinye ethinta ngayo imali yakho, futhi inikeza nezindlela zokuqondisa inzuzo yayo.

Yini Ebalulekile Ngentela Yendawo Futhi Kungani Ibalulekile?

Intela yendawo iqoqwa yizinhlangano zikahulumeni ezisesifundazweni ukuze zikhokhele izinkonzo ezithinta ukuphila kwezakhamuzi ngokuqondile. Ngokungafani nentela kahulumeni noma kahulumeni, exhasa izinhlelo ezibanzi njengezokuvikela izwe noma imigwaqo emikhulu kahulumeni, intela yendawo iboshelwe umphakathi wakini oseduze. Izinhlobo ezivamile zihlanganisa intela yempahla, izintela zemali, izintela zemali yendawo, izintela zezenzuzo, kanye nentela yokukhokha izimpahla ezithile njengamafutha, utshwala, noma ugwayi.

Emkhayeni, intela yendawo ingamelela ingxenye enkulu yengqikithi yemali echithwayo ngonyaka. Ngokwe- Tax Foundation, ihlangene nentela yombuso neyomphakathi iyodwa isukela ku 0% kwezinye izizwe kuya ku 10% kwezinye. Izintela zempahla zingasuka ngaphansi kuka 0.5% wenani lasekhaya eliphansi kakhulu ukuya ku 2% ezindaweni eziphezulu zentela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imikhaya emibili enemali efanayo ingaba nemali ehlawulwayo kuye ngokuthi ihlalaphi. Ukuqaphela lokhu kukhokhela kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokulawula imali yakho yasekhaya.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintela zendawo ngokuvamile azibonakali njengentela yeholo kahulumeni. Izintela zempahla zingakhokhwa ngokulandisa okuhlanganisiwe ekukhokheleni kwakho isikweleti sendlu, kuyilapho izintela zokuthengisela zisongwa ukuze zibe yikho konke okuthengwayo. Lentengo yezemali ibonakala njengezinto ezikhokhwayo ezikhokhwayo nyanga zonke. Lokhu kufinyela kungaholela ekubaleki izindleko zazo zangempela, okuyisizathu esenza ukuba ukuqonda okuningiliziwe kubaluleke ekuhleleni imali ephumelelayo yomkhaya.

Izinhlobo Zentela Yendawo Nethonya Lazo Emkhayeni Wakho

Izintela zendawo zitholakala ngezindlela eziningi, ngasinye sithinta umkhaya wakho ngendlela ehlukile.

Intela Yempahla

Intela yempahla iyintela eyodwa enkulu kakhulu kumninikhaya abaningi. Ilinganiselwa ngokwenani elihlolwayo lendawo yakho nezakhiwo(izwe) nesilinganiso semali (imali engu - R1,000). Imali yenzuzo ngokuyinhloko izikole zomphakathi, kodwa futhi amaphoyisa, iminyango yomlilo, imitapo yezincwadi, nezakhiwo.

Imiphumela emisiwe: Intela yempahla iboleka njalo ngonyaka noma kancane. Uma unesibambiso sendlu, ivame ukuqoqwa nyanga zonke e-akhawuntini yempahla, okungenza ukuba ingaphawuleki kakhulu kodwa iseyizindleko ezimisiwe. Umkhaya onekhaya elingu $30,000 000 (R1,50) emphakathini onesilinganiso esisebenzayo sentela ingakhokha u-R3,500 ngonyaka. Lokho kuyizindleko eziphawulekayo zenyanga zokwamunyuswa kwempahla noma isibopho sesikole sokuhlola i-athomu unganyusa ngokungalindelekile lenani, ukucindezela imali elinganiselwe.

Inhlawulo ethatha indawo: [Unyaka ngamunye] hlola ukulinganisela kwakho intela yempahla. Amaphutha ekubalekeni (umzk., amaphutha asesikwele, ukukhululeka okunganakwa) avamile futhi angandisa intela yakho. Izindawo eziningi zikuvumela ukuba udlulise inani elihlotshisiwe. inikeza isiqondiso [[ ekususeni intela yempahla, kodwa khumbula ukuthi intengo yentela iChwebe noMthetho (SALT) ku-100,000. Uma kuhlangene intela yakho ikhona, uphumelele ukuzuza inzuzo egcwele embusweni.

Ukuthengisa Intela

Izintela zentela zisetshenziswa ekuthengeni izimpahla futhi kwezinye izindawo, izinkonzo. Izinga liyinhlanganisela yenkokhiso kazwelonke neyasendaweni, futhi lihlukahluka ngokuphawulekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, intela ye-coral yaseChicago ehlangene ingaphezu kwe 10%, kanti iPortland, i-Oregon ayinayo nhlobo intela yokuthengisela. Ezinye izindawo azikho ukuthenga noma imilaliso egunyaziwe, kanti ezinye azikho.

Imiphumela engathi sína: Intela inyusela ngokuqondile izindleko zokuphila. Umkhaya uchitha ama-$40 000 (R150) ngonyaka ezimpahla ezikhokhiswayo nezinkonzo endaweni yokuthengisela intela ewu 9% ekhokhayo ikhokha amadolara angu-20,600 ezintela zokuthengiselwa. Lokho kulingana nemali eyengeziwe yanyanga zonke engu-R3, 300, imali engasetshenziswa emalini egciniwe noma esetshenziswayo. Umthwalo ubuye unciphe: Imikhaya ekhokhayo isebenzisa ingxenye enkulu yemali yayo ekhokhelwayo, okusho ukukhokha intela yokuthenga imali ekhokhelwa intela.

Inkokhelo ethatha indawo: landelela intela oyisebenzisayo inyanga eyodwa ukuze ubone izindleko zayo zeqiniso. Uma uhlala eduze kwentela ephansi, cabangela ukuthenga kakhulu lapho (ngokubhekisele ekusebenziseni imithetho yentela). Futhi, qaphela ukuthi ukuthengwa kwe-inthane ye-inthane kuxhomeke ezintelani eziningi ngenxa yentengo South Dakota v. Wayfair isinqumo.

Intela Ekhokhwa Endaweni

Nakuba kungavamile ngokwezwe, intela yeholo yendawo ivamile ezifundeni eziningi kuhlanganise ne-Ohio, iPennsylvania, i-New York, iKentucky, ne-Maryland. Lena ngokwesilinganiso idla ngokuba inzuzo eshibhile noma inzuzo yamanetha kubantu abazisebenzela bona. Izinga elisukela ku 0,5% kuya ku-3% futhi abaqashi abagodlela intela kahulumeni.

Imiphumela engathi sína: Intela yeholo yendawo yemali engu 2% eholweni lendlu u-R3 500 ingehlisa iholo lekhaya ngo-R1,600 ngonyaka. Lemali ayinakugcinwa noma isetshenziswe kwezinye izidingo. Ngokungafani nentela yempahla, engancishiswa nge-escrow, intela yendawo iphuma kunoma isheke, iyenze igebe elithathayo linciphe kakhulu emholweni wemali elahlwayo.

Inkokhelo ethatha inyathelo: Hlola uma indawo ohlala kuyo ivumela ukukhokhwa kwentela ekhokhwa kwezinye izindawo (umzk., uma usebenza edolobheni ngesilinganiso esiphakeme kunendawo ohlala kuyo). Futhi, intela ethile yendawo inentela ekhululekile noma ephansi kwabaholi abaholayo abadala noma abahlawulwayo abaphansi. Bukeza imithetho yakho yentela noma uchwepheshe wentela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi awukhokhi.

Intela Engenalutho

Intela yokukhokha imali intela efakwa ezinkonzweni ezibalulekile ezinjengogesi, igesi yemvelo, amanzi, indle, nokuqoqwa kwemfucumfucu.

Imiphumela engathi sína: Ikhaya elivamile lingakhokha u-20,50 ngenyanga ngentela ehlangene, kuye ngenani lokusetshenziswa nangezingalo zendawo. Ngaphezu konyaka, lokhu kunezela ku-R240-40-600 [R1,00]. Phakathi nezinyanga zokusetshenziswa kakhulu kwamandla (ukupholisa noma ukufudumeza ubusika), lentela iyanda ngokwesilinganiso. Emikhayeni kakade izindleko zokusebenza kahle, lentela ingasunduza izikwelezedlula imali ekhokhwaneni.

Inkokhelo ethatha indinganiso: Hlola intela yakho yemigqa ebhalwe ukuthi “amarishi akhokhelwayo,” noma“intela yezemali,” Uma intela iyiphesenti lokusetshenziswa, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwentela. Ukukhucululwa kweminyango, kusebenzisa uhlelo olungcono lwe-RAD, futhi ukushintshela ku LDED kunganqamula ukusetshenziswa kanye nentela. Eminye imiphakathi inikeza izinhlelo zosizo ngeminyango yemikhaya ehholo ephansi; ukuxhumana nenkokheli yemininingwane.

Ukukhokha Intela Eyize

Izintela zokukhokha imali esele ziyintela ekhethekile ezimpahleni ezithile, ngokuvamile eklanyelwe ukunqanda ukusetshenziswa kwemali noma ukukhuphulwa kwemali ukuze kwenziwe izinkonzo ezihlobene nayo. Izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa intela kaphethiloli, utshwala, ugwayi nensangu. Izintela zokukhipha intela zidla ngokwandayo ezindaweni zikahulumeni nakuhulumeni.

Imiphumela engathi sína: Lentela inyusa ngokuqondile intengo yezinto ongase uzithenge kakade. Intela kaphethiloli yendawo ekhipha ipetroli engu-$0,0 ngelitha, ngentela kahulumeni, ibiza umkhaya ohamba amakhilomitha angu-25 ngonyaka emotweni engaphezulu ka-R42 ngonyaka. Nakuba kubonakala sengathi incane, imiphumela ekhushuliwe yentela encitshisiwe ingabaluleka, ikakhulukazi emikhayeni ebhemayo noma ethembele kakhulu kuphethilo.

Inkokhelo ethatha inyathelo: Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithengwa kakhulu. Uphethiloli, hlanganisa imisebenzi futhi usebenzise i-transport yomphakathi uma kungenzeka. Uma usebenzisa ugwayi noma utshwala, qaphela amazinga entela yendawo, ukukhokha intela eseduze kanye nentela ephansi kungasemthethweni (imithetho yesizwe). Impoqo yezokwelapha inganciphisa umthwalo wentela kwamanye amazwe.

Indlela Izinga Lentela Lasendaweni Elizimisele Ngayo

Izinga lentela yendawo linqunywa yizikhulu zendawo . "izikhulu zezentela", amakhomishane esifundazwe, amabhodi esikole" futhi angashintshwa ngemithetho noma nge-vota i-offaenda. Inqubo iyahluka ngokwezilinganiso zentela yempahla. Intela yempahla ivame ukubekwa ukuze ihlangabezane nemali efunwayo esekelwe engqikithini yempahla ehleliwe (umkhakhakha wezindawo). Uma intengo yempahla inyuka, izinga lokukhokhwama lingasehliswa (endabeni yezemfundo) ukugcina imali ingathathi hlangothi, kodwa lokhu akwenzeki njalo. Intela yentela ngezinye izikhathi ibekwa umthetho kahulumeni, kodwa izindawo zinganezela intela ehlelekile ngokwengqikithi yemisebenzi ethile (umz., ukuthengwa kwentela yenkundla entsha). Intela yendawo ngokuvamile ikhishwa ngemvume futhi ingadingeka ngevoti.

Ukuqonda le nqubo kubalulekile ngoba kukunika izwi. Ukwanda kwentela kuvame ukuvela emaphepheni njengezindlela zendawo. Ukwazi ukuthi yini ekwenza uthwele umthwalo wakho wentela kukuvumela ukuba uhlole ukuthi izinkonzo ezitholakalayo zithethelela yini izindleko. Ngokwesibonelo, intela yempahla ukuze kuxhaswe izikole ezingase zithuthukise izinga lasekhaya futhi zizuzise umkhaya wakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyilapho ukwanda kwentela yesikhungo somhlangano kungase kungabi nanzuzo eqondile.

Ukuqhathanisa Intela Yasendaweni Ngaphesheya Kwezifunda

Uma umkhaya wakho ucabangela ukuthutha, ukungafani kwentela endaweni ungasithinta kakhulu isimo sakho sezimali. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi abathatha umhlalaphansi, ikakhulukazi, bangalondoloza izinkulungwane unyaka ngamunye ngokuthuthela ezindaweni ezingenayo intela ehotelayo nentela ephansi. Kodwa imithwalo yentela yendawo futhi ibalulekile nasemikhayeni esebenzayo. Njengesibonelo, ukusuka edolobhaneni eliphansi elibhaktha intela kuleyo ndawo kungasindisa uR3,000,000 (R3,50,50) ngonyaka. Ngokuhlukile, indawo ephansi yentela ingaba nokuthengwa kakhulu noma intela, ngakho kudingeka uhlole ingqikithi yempahla.

Uma uqhathanisa indlela osebenzisa ngayo imali yakho. Umkhaya ochitha imali eningi ezimpahlani ezikhokhwa intela uyozizwa ukhokhelwa kakhulu kunomkhaya olondoloza imali eningi. Umkhaya onekhaya elikhulu uyozwela kakhulu ekukhokheleni izintela zempahla kunomqashi. Sebenzisa izinombolo ze - Internet ezisemagumbini anjenge - Treaxial Foundation noma amashabhu kahulumeni wendawo ukuze ulinganise ingqikithi yemali yentela yendawo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene.

Izikhundla Zokuqondisa Imiphumela Yentela Yendawo

Nakuba ungeke uzigweme zonke izintela zendawo, ungathatha izinyathelo eziphuthumayo zokunciphisa ithonya lazo ekusebenziseni imali ekhaya.

Hlola Uhlelo Lwakho Lokusebenzisa Imali Njalo

Imali yakho yokuhlela imali kufanele ihlanganise i-layini yentela enkulu ngayinye yendawo. Uma unekhaya, wazi intela yempahla yakho yaminyaka yonke futhi uyihlukanise ngekhulu elingu-12 ukubeka eceleni inyanga nenyanga. Ukuze uthengise, linganisela ingqikithi yemali oyisebenzisayo ngonyaka ezintweni ezikhokhelwayo (ukukhipha intengo engekho entweni kwezinye izizwe) bese uphindaphindeka ngesilinganiso sendawo. Beka leyo mali eceleni ngemali egciniwe ukuze ugweme ukuyisebenzisa kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa kwezintela unyaka ngamunye lapho kukhululwa; ukwanda kwemali yakho kungadinga ukukhushulwa kwenye indawo. njalo ukuvuselela imali yakho kungadingeka i-cancernelcence", futhi kunezingatsha ezingcono ezingabanjwangali ngesilinganiso semali egciniwe.

Basebenziseni Intela Nezikweletu

Imithetho yentela nentela kahulumeni inikeza izinketho eziningana zokusiza ezinganciphisa izintela zendawo. Okwaziwa kakhulu ukuncishiswa kweSALT, okukuvumela ukuba ususe imali ewuhlwele efinyelela ku-R9 000 yentela kazwelonke neyomphakathi (kuhlanganise impahla, iholo, nentela yokuthengisa) uma ufaka imali. Uma ingqikithi yakho ingaphansi kwaleyo sephuni, ungasusa imali egcwele. Futhi, amazwe amaningi anikela ngentela yempahla noma izikweletu zesifunda ngentela ezikwehlisayo nangasese ezingeni elifanele abaninikhaya abaphansi, ikakhulukazi abakhulu. Isibonelo, i-Thekisko yeSikolo se-Scoolp (STAR) inikeza ukuvinghlawulwa kweminyango yezezimali zomsebe le-webhusayithi ye-webhusayithi. Ukuhlanganisa iholo lentela yendawo yangaki, ikhokhwalenye indawo yomphakathi wasekhaya.

Cabangela Indawo Lapho Uthutha

Izinqumo zokuthuthela kwenye indawo kufanele zifake ingqikithi yentela yendawo uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko zezindlu, izikole, nezindawo ezisebenza nge-inthanethi. Sebenzisa imithombo ye-intanethi ukuze uqhathanise intela yempahla, intela, nentela yendawo ekhokhwayo. Khumbula ukuthi amazinga entela awami (asesiteshini ephansi) namuhla uma kudingeka ukuxhasa izisekelo noma izinkonzo. Bheka impilo yezimali zikahulumeni wendawo; imiphakathi enezomnotho eziqinile nezindawo zentela ezihlukahlukene ayiyinciphi kakhulu. Imikhaya enabantwana abasesikoleni, khumbula ukuthi intela yempahla ivame ukuncitshiswa ngezinga lesikole, ngakho ingaba ifanele imiphumela engcono yezemfundo.

Ukuhlanganyela Kuhulumeni Wendawo

Kukhona imihlangano yomkhandlu wedolobha, izikhawu zesikole, nentela ye-levy. Lena indlela eqondile yokuqonda ukuthi ama-aundir entela isetshenziswa kanjani futhi ithonya izinqumo zesikhathi esizayo. Izikhulu eziqashelwe ziphendula izikhulu ezizazisiweyo. Ungacela ukuba kuthethelelwe ukwanda kwentela, ukuhloba imithombo yemali engekhoyo, noma ukusekela izinhlelo zosizo. Izindawo eziningi zisakaza izimali zonyaka kulayini ye-inthathili; zibukele ukuthi lezi zilawulwa kanjani kahle yini izinkonzo zomphakathi. Uma ubona ukulahlwa kwentela, khuluma. Intela ihlanganisa nokuvota ezindisweni zentela ezihlobene ne-cobacketting. Ukwanda okuncane kwenkonzo edingekayo njengesiteshi somlilo esisha kungase kube ukuhlakanipha, kuyilapho ukuthutha intela ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko yangazenziwangazenziwanga.

Izinhlelo Zokusiza Ngentela Eziqinile

Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo banikeza usizo ngokukhethekile emikhayeni.

  • [ Intela ebekelwe intela kubantu abadala noma abakhubazekile, okuvumela ukuba uhlehlise ukukhokha kuze kube yilapho ikhaya lithengiswe.
  • Intethelelo yasekhaya enciphisa inani elikhokhelwayo lendlu yakho eyinhloko (ivamile eTexas, eFlorida, nakwamanye amazwe).
  • [ Intela ekhokhelwayo yokuthengisela intela kwezinye izifunda, lapho ungakhokha khona imali ekhokhelwe ingxenye yentela yokuthengisa.
  • Izinhlelo zosizo ezingasebenzi ezixhaswe ohulumeni bendawo noma inzuzo engakhi, ukunikeza amazinga ancishisiwe noma izimali ezikhokhelwa imikhaya ehliswayo ephansi.

Imikhaya eminingi ishiya imali etafuleni ngoba nje ingazazi lezi zinhlelo.

Lungisa Indlela Osebenzisa Ngayo Imali Nezindlela Ocabanga Ngazo

Njengoba intela yokuthengisa isekelwe ekuthengeni, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa okungadingekile kwentela yakho. Yenza “ingxenye engakhokhwayo” yokusebenzisa intela engekho endaweni yakho (isibonelo, impahla, imithi yokwelapha, izingubo zokwelapha), izimpahla ezithengwayo, ithenge ngenani elikhulu noma phakathi nokuthengwa ukuze unciphise ukuthengwa kwentela. Intela yezentengiselwano, ifaka intuthuko yamandla: i-antictistic, imishini ethatha imali ephansi, nempahla ephansi. Ayinciphisi ukusetshenziswa kwakho kuphela, kodwa inciphisa intela yemali. Intela, ukugcina ikhaya lakho nezindawo zakho zisiza ekulondolozeni izinga elifanele lokuncitshiswa kwentengo.

Hlela Imigomo Yezimali Ekudala

Uma uhlela ukuthatha umhlala-phansi futhi ugcine imali egciniwe. Uma uhlela ukuthatha umhlala-phantsi endaweni yentela ephakeme, iqanda lakho elidingekayo lizoba likhulu ukuze ukhokhele izintela zempahla eziqhubekayo nentela engenzekayo. Ngokuphambene, ukuthuthela emalini ephansi yentela yomhlalaphansi eholidini eholweni kunganweba imali yakho. Abathengi, babala ingqikithi yemali yanyanga zonke kuhlanganise nentela yempahla, hhayi nje inzala yemali ephambili. Ikhaya eliphansi elisemgangathweni wentela ephezulu lingabiza imali emalini engaphezulu kakhulu inyangani ngayinye esendaweni ephansi yentela. Sebenzisa umbango yemali ehlanganisa i-escrow ukuze uthole isithombe esinembile.

Isiphetho

Intela yendawo ayigwemeki kodwa ikwazi ukulawulwa. Ngokuqonda izinhlobo zentela obhekene nazo, inzuzo, inzuzo, inzuzo, kanye nendlela ethinta ngayo imali yakho, ungathatha izinyathelo ezisheshayo ukuze unciphise umthwalo wayo. Ukubukeza njalo imali yakho, ukukhokhela izikweleti zentela ezikhona nezinhlelo zosizo, ucabangela intela lapho ususa indawo, futhi uhileleke ekubuseni kwendawo konke kunamasu anamandla. Khumbula ukuthi intela yendawo inzuzo yomphakathi wakho ayikona ukuyisebenzisa, ngakho umgomo wakho awukona ukuyigwema ngokuphelele kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhokha imali etholakalayo yenani oyamukelayo, futhi ukuthi awukhokhi imali engaphezulu kakhulu lapho unakekela noma untula ulwazi. Ngolwazi nangamathuluzi anikezwayo kulokhu kuqondisa, ungashintsha intela entweni ewundlekweni yomkhaya wakho elawulwayo eyimfihlo.