Isivumelwano somthetho sifana nesisekelo sesimiso sentando yeningi esisebenzayo, senza izakhamuzi zikwazi ukuhlela izinqubo ezibusa ukuphila kwazo futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi lezo zikhulu ezikhethiwe zihlala zikhona ezizahlulelweni zomphakathi. Uma abantu behlanganyela ngokuzikhandla ekuphileni kwezombangazwe nomphakathi, bakha isimiso sokuhlola esifuna ukuba sobala, ukusabela, kanye nokuziphatha okuhle ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni. Lesi sihloko sihlola indima ebalulekile yokuzibopha komphakathi ekukhuthazeni ukulandisa kohulumeni, ukuhlola izindlela izakhamuzi ezingathonya ngazo izinqumo zezezombangazwe, izinselele ezivimbela ukuhlanganyela, kanye nezinzuzo ezingokoqobo ezikhona lapho imiphakathi inikezwa igunya.

Ukuqonda Ingxenye Yesidumbu

Isithembiso somshado sobuProfethi sibhekisela ezindleleni eziningi abantu abazihilela ngazo ezinqunyweni zezombangazwe, zezenhlalo, nezemphakathi ezilawula indawo yabo ezungezile. Ingxenye ephakathi ((izinga) ihlanganisa nokuvota kuphela (ingxenye ephakathi), futhi ihlanganisa nokuya ezindlebeni zomphakathi, ukuzinikela emikhankasweni, ukukhonza emabhodini endawo, ukuhlanganyela emahholo edolobha, ukujoyina amaqembu okuhlobisa amaqembu abantu, ngisho nokuhlanganyela ekuhloleleni obala ngezindawo zobuchwepheshe. Isisekelo sokuzibopha izakhamuzi siyizakhamuzi ezikhuthele: ukuthwala umthwalo nempilo yomphakathi womuntu nokuphatha izakhiwo zamandla ngenxa yezenzo zawo.

Ngokomlando, ukubophana kwezakhamuzi kuye kwaba yimpumelelo yentuthuko yentando yeningi. Kusukela emzabalazweni wamalungelo omphakathi kuya emikhankasweni yobulungisa bemvelo, isenzo esihleliwe siye saphoqelela ohulumeni ukuba bakhulume ngezimiso zezimiso futhi bathathe izinqubo ezihlanganisa izinto eziningi. Ezimweni zanamuhla, ukuthembisana kungathatha kokubili i-intanethi kanye nokungekho ngaphandle, imithombo yezindaba yezenhlalo isebenza njengethuluzi elinamandla lokuhlela nokukhulisa amazwi. Nokho, isimiso esiyisisekelo sihlala sinjalo: uma izakhamuzi zitshelwa futhi zihilelekile, zinikezwa isikhundla esingcono sokufuna ukulandisa koholi babo.

Indima Yokusakaza Imali

Ukuvota kuyindlela eqondile neqashelwa kakhulu yokuthembisana komphakathi. Kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziveze izintando zazo kwabazo, izinqubo, kanye nezinyathelo zokuzihlela, zithumele umyalezo ngokuphumelela ezikhuluni ezikhetheni mayelana nalokho okubaluleke kakhulu kumavoti. Umvoti ophakeme uphendulisa izimpawu zentando yeningi engcono, kuyilapho ukuvota okuphansi kungaholela ezimisweni ezibonisa izithakazelo zomphakathi omncane, ngokuvamile onelungelo elikhulu. Imininingwane evela ePew Research Center ibonisa ngokungaguquki ukuthi amazwe anengxenye ephakeme yokuvota athambekele ekutholeni inzuzo engcono kakhulu eboshelwayo kanye nezingangeni eliphansi lenkohlakalo.

Uma ukuvota kuqinile, izikhulu ezikhethiwe zithambekele kakhulu ekusabeleni ezinhlalweni eziningi ngoba ziyazi ukuthi ziyokwahlulelwa ezindaweni zokuhlola. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma izingxenye ezinkulu zomphakathi zihluleka ukuvota, ezinye izimpikiswano cishe njengendawo yokukhokha, ukufinyelela kwempilo, noma isimiso sezulu . Ukuvota kusebenza njengendlela yokuveza izimpawu: abaxhasi abazishaya indiva izidingo zezindawo zabo ezisengozini yokuvota. Ngakho, umjikelezo ngamunye wokhetho uqinisa ukulandisa phakathi kwezakhamuzi nabameleli bazo.

Ngaphandle kokhetho lwesizwe, okhetho lwendawo nolwesifundazwe ngokuvamile lunethonya eliqondile ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, kodwa babhekene nokuthatha isinyathelo esiphansi kakhulu. Ukukhuthaza ukuhlanganyela kulezizinhlanga kubucayi ngoba ohulumeni bendawo benza izinqumo mayelana nokubekwa kwezindawo, ukuxhasa isikole, amaphoyisa, nempilo yomphakathi ezithinta imiphakathi ngokuqondile. Lapho izakhamuzi zihlanganyela kulolukhetho, ziqinisekisa ukuthi izikhulu zendawo zibambelela ezindinganisweni ezifanayo zokulandisa njengalezo ezisesilinganisweni sikahulumeni.

Ukuhileleka Komphakathi

Ngaphandle kwebhokisi lebhukwana, ukuhileleka komphakathi kumelela uhlobo oluqinile lokuthembisana oluhlanganisa ukwethembana nokubambisana phakathi kwezakhamuzi nezinhlangano zikahulumeni. Ukuhlanganyela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi, ukuya emihlanganweni yesikole, ukukhonza emakomitini afundisayo, nokusebenza ngokuzithandela emisebenzini yendawo konke kuneqhaza ekuthuthukiseni impucuko yemithwalo yemfanelo efanayo. Lemisebenzi ivumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziveze ukukhathazeka, zinikeze amakhambi, futhi zihlole ukumiswa kwezimiso ngesikhathi sangempela.

Ngokwesibonelo, lapho umkhandlu wedolobha uhlongoza intuthuko entsha, izakhamuzi ezithembise ukuyoqulwa kwecala lomphakathi, zinikeze ukukhulumela, futhi zihlele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lo msebenzi uhambelana nezidingo zomphakathi. Loluhlobo lwamandla athatha isinyathelo ngokuqondile ukuze zithethelele izinqumo zazo futhi zicabangele eminye imibono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhileleka komphakathi ngokuvamile kuholela ekwakhekeni kobunganini phakathi kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni nezinhlangano zendawo, okwenza kube nemiphumela ephumelela kakhulu nelinganayo. Ukuhlola okwakhishwa yi-Stanford Social Innovation Review kwathola ukuthi imiphakathi enamazinga aphakeme okuhlanganyela kuyo ibone izinkonzo zomphakathi ezingcono kanye nezingalo eziphakeme zokuthembana kuhulumeni.

Ukwakha izibopho zomphakathi eziqinile kwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa izimpikiswano. Uma izakhamuzi zazi omakhelwane bazo futhi zihlobene nabaholi bendawo, zingahlela ngokushesha ukusingatha izimo eziphuthumayo, zisekele izinguquko zesimiso, noma zibeke izikhulu icala lokuziphatha okubi. Lendwangu yezenhlalo iyikhambi elinamandla lokuzehlukanisa nokunganaki okuvame ukululaza ukungenela kwentando yeningi.

Ukuzitika Nokuthatha Isinyathelo

Ukuqapha nokuthatha izintambo kuhlanganisa ukubophana kwesizwe ngesilinganiso esigxile kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile esingokwezingxabano. Nakuba ukuvota nokuhileleka komphakathi kubalulekile, ukuqasha kusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zifune izinguquko ezithile ezindabeni ezizikhathalela ngokujulile. Lokhu kungahilela ukubhalela izikhulu ezikhethiwe izincwadi, ukuhlela izinxulumano, ukunxusa umthetho, noma ukuhlanganyela ekuvukeleni ngokuthula. I-Activivism, nayo iqinisa lemizamo ngokukhuthaza ukuvumelana nombono womphakathi futhi isebenzise ukucindezela kubenzi besinqumo.

Amandla Okuhlanganisa

Uma abantu behlangene ndawonye, amazwi abo aba neqhaza elikhulu. Umlando ugcwele izibonelo: umzabalazo wamalungelo omphakathi, ukushukuma kwabesifazane, kanye nokuhlongoza kwamuva kakhulu njengo March Wethu Lives and the Climate Priving. Isenzo sokuhlanganisa siveza ukubonakala kwezimpikiswano ezingase zinganakwa futhi zibangele imfuneko yokuziphatha yokusabela. Ibuye ishintshe izinkulumo zeningi, yenze imicabango ebhekene nemingcele engaphambili yengxoxo enkulu.

Isenzo sokuhlanganisa sisebenza ngezinqubo eziningi. Okokuqala, sibangela ukufakwa kwemithonje yezindaba, sifaka ukucindezela kubenzi bemithetho ukuba babhekane nezimfuno. Okwesibili, kwakha imifelandawonye engasekela ukulawulwa kwemithetho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ivimbela ukunqanda ukunyamalala kokunaka komphakathi. Okwesithathu, ibonisa ukukhethwa kwezikhulu ukuthi izinhlangano ezinkulu zabavoti zikhathalela ngokujulile impikiswano ethile, zithonya izinto eziza kuqala. Ngokwesibonelo, i-TRANTY International [ ifaka isiqinisekiso sokuthi ukucindezela kwezakhamuzi okuqhubekayo kuye kwaholela kanjani ekunqandeni imithetho yokunganyaniseki kakhulu emazweni amaningi.

Imizabalazo Ye - Grassmpande

Izinhlangano ze-rasroot ziyimfantu yoshintsho lwentando yeningi. Ngokungafani nemikhankaso ephambili eqhutshwa yizinhlangano ezimisiwe, imizamo yotshani yakhiwa izakhamuzi ezivamile ezihlela endaweni, ngokuvamile zisebenzisa imithombo yezindaba negama lomlomo ukuze zijongise abasekeli bazo. Lezinhlangano ziphumelela kakhulu ekuxazululeni izindaba ezithinta imiphakathi ethile, njengobulungisa bendawo ezungezile emadolobheni axegamele phansi noma ushintsho lwamaphoyisa emadolobheni anomlando wokuziphatha okubi.

Ubuchwepheshe buye bafeza indima yokuguqula utshani buhleleke. Ngokwesibonelo, amaPlatform avele ezinhlobeni ezithi Twitter, Facebook, ne-Signal avumele abashisekeli ukuba baxhumane ngokushesha, bahlanganyele ulwazi, futhi badlulise abagcini bamasango bezemidiyamu. FactCcock.org ukuthatha isinyathelo kuqala, ngokwesibonelo, kwavela ezinxixweni zotshani ezimayelana nokwaziswa okunganembile kwezombangazwe futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwaba umthombo obalulekile wokwazisa abavoti befuna ulwazi oluqondile. Izinhlangano zezokuqinisa izakhamuzi ezingase zizizwe ezizizwa zikhululekile emizisweni yezombangazwe esemthethweni, zinikeza indlela engokoqobo yokushintsha.

Imikhankaso ephumelelayo yezimpande zotshani ivame ukuhlanganisa ukuqoqwa kwe-intanethi kanye nokusebenza ngaphandle kolayini: isicelo se-inthanethi singahambisana nemihlangano yezemibuthano, futhi imikhankaso yezokuxhumana ingasekelwa yimihlangano nezikhulu zendawo. Lendlela exubile ifinyelela impumelelo kuyilapho igcina ukuxhumana komuntu siqu okusekela amandla. Uma izimpande zotshani zihlelwa kahle, zingafinyelela imiphumela ephawulekayo, kusukela ekudluliseni imithetho yendawo ukuze zithonye umthetho wezwe.

Izinselele Zokuhlanganyela Emsebenzini Wesibeletho

Naphezu kokubaluleka kwazo, izivumelwano zomphakathi zibhekene nezithiyo ezinkulu ezingaqeda ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuziphendulela.

Ukulwa Nokunganaki

Ukunganaki mhlawumbe kuyisithiyo esikhohlisayo kakhulu ekuthembiseni umphakathi. Abantu abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi ukuvota kwabo akunandaba, ukuthi abezombangazwe abalaleli, noma ukuthi isimiso sezombangazwe sonakele kakhulu ukuba singashintsha. Lomuzwa wokungabi nalusizo ungaba isiprofetho esizigcwalisayo: abambalwa abantu abahlanganyelayo, uhulumeni othatha kancane osabelayo uba yisikhalaza, uqinisa inkolelo yokuthi ukuhlanganyela akusizi. Ukulwa neqhaza kudinga indlela ehlanganisa imfundo yomphakathi, ukulandisa izindaba zempumelelo, nezinguquko zezinhlangano ezenza ukuhlanganyela kube nengqondo.

Imfundo inendima ebalulekile. Uma izikole zifundisa abafundi ngezinqubo zikahulumeni, umlando wezinhlangano zezakhamuzi, kanye nethonya elibonakalayo lokuvota, zihlomisela intsha ngolwazi nangesisusa sokuhlanganyela. Ukugcizelela izindaba zempumelelo . Njengendlela umphakathi wendawo owalwela ngayo ipaki elisha noma indlela umkhankaso wotshani owanqoba ngayo umthetho ongalungile . Qapha nokuguqula izinto njengokuvota okuzenzekelayo, ukuvota okusemthethweni, nokuveza izimali kungasiza izakhamuzi ukuba zizizwe ukuthi iziphetho zazo ezifaka isisekelo ziveze imiphumela eqotho.

Ukukhuluma Ngephutha

Ukudukiswa kwemininingwane kuqeda isisekelo sokuthembisana komphakathi ngolwazi. Uma izakhamuzi zichayeke ekwazisweni okungamanga noma okudukisayo mayelana nabazobhapathizwa, izinqubo, noma inqubo yokukhetha ngokwayo, zingase zenze izinqumo ezisekelwe ezikhungweni ezingalungile noma zidumale ngokuphelele. Ukwanda kokungavumelani kwemininingwane kuyi - Internet, ikakhulukazi phakathi nemijikelezo yokhetho, kuye kwenza kwaba nzima kakhulu ngabantu ukuba bahlukanise iqiniso nenganekwane.

Ukufunda imithombo yezindaba kuyikhambi elibalulekile. Ukufundisa izakhamuzi indlela yokuhlola imithombo, izimpawu zokuhlola, nokuphawula amasu okusebenzisa izinto ezivamile kungazinika amandla okulawula indawo yokwaziswa ngokuqiniseka. Izinhlangano ezizihlolayo, njenge- iPolitiFct, kunikeza imithombo ewusizo kubavoti abafuna ulwazi oluqondile. Izikhulu nezindawo zezezembutho zomphakathi nazo zinomthwalo wokulwa nokwaziswa okunganembile ngokuthuthukisa ukukhangisa kwezombangazwe, ukukhangisa okungamanga, nokunciphisa ukuhlanganisa okungamangalela okungamanga, kanye nokuncishiswa kwe-algolmfathi ye-alctalm-ricstions of aplustrations.

Ukunqoba Ukukhungatheka

Ukungavumelani nokungahleleki kwenqubo yezombangazwe, kuyashiya inselele enkulu emfundweni we-odokisini eminingi. Imithetho ye-Voter ID, izimfuneko zokubhalisa ezivimbelayo, ukudilizwa kwe-felonfranching, nokungabekezeli yonke imiphakathi encishiswe ngokwezinga elingavamile, ikakhulukazi abantu abanemibala, abathola abantu abaphansi, kanye nabasha. Lemingcele ayicindezeli nje kuphela ukuguqukela kodwa futhi imeleli eliqinile, yenza uhulumeni ungabi nasibopho esincane kakhulu kulabo abangaphansi kwenkonzo.

Izinhlangano zobukhankasi nezinselele zomthetho ziye zathuthuka ekubuyiseleni emuva eminye yemithetho ebekelwe imingcele engekho ngokomthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, inhlangano yokubuyisela amalungelo okuvota kubantu ababeboshiwe iye yathola amandla ezifundazweni eziningi. Nokho, ukubophana komphakathi okuqhubekayo kuyithuluzi elibucayi lokulwa nokudilizwa. Lapho imiphakathi ethintekile ihlela ukufuna ukufinyelela ngokufanele kumphathi, ingaphoqelela izinguquko zemithetho, izinqumo zenkantolo, kanye nezinguquko zokuphatha ezinwebela phambili.

Izinzuzo Zokuhlanganyela Emsebenzini

Imiphumela emihle yezakhamuzi eziboshelwe umphakathi idlulela ngalé kokunikezwa amandla komuntu ngamunye. Umphakathi uwonke uba oqinile, ongenakulinganiswa, nosabelayo lapho izakhamuzi zihlanganyela ngentshiseko ekubuseni.

Ukulandisa Okukhuliswe Uhulumeni

Inzuzo eqondile yesivumelwano sikahulumeni sokubusa ukulandisa okukhulisiwe. Uma izakhamuzi ziqaphela izenzo zezikhulu ezikhethiwe, zithatha iziqu, futhi zisebenzisa amathuluzi afana nezicelo zomphakathi, zidala isiko lokubona. Izikhulu eziyazi ukuthi zigadiwe azinamathuba amancane okuhileleka ekonakeleni, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwegunya, noma ukunganakwa kwemisebenzi yomphakathi. Lokhu kulandisa kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe kuthenjwa izinhlangano zentando yeningi.

Izakhamuzi ezihlangene zisiza futhi ekuphoqeleleni izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Ngokwesibonelo, amaqembu azimele athembele emibiko yezakhamuzi ukuba ahlole izingxabano zesithakazelo noma ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezimali zomphakathi. Uma imithombo yezindaba ihlanganisa uphenyo olunjalo, kuqinisa imiphumela yokulandisa. Ukuhlola kwe-OECD kwathola ukuthi amazwe athatha iqhaza eliphezulu ngokuqhubekayo ancishisiwe embusweni wezentengisweni, asikisela ukuvumelana okuqondile phakathi kokuthembisana nokubusa okuhlanzekile.

Imiphakathi Eqinile

Izivumelwano zezenhlalo zakha isikhungo somphakathi esihlanganisa izinhlangano, izimiso, nokuthembana okusiza abantu ukuba bahlangane ndawonye. Uma abantu besebenza ndawonye, baqala ubuhlobo obungahlangani kwezombusazwe futhi bathuthukise umuzwa wokubambisana. Lokhu kubambisana kwenza imiphakathi ikulungele kangcono ukusingatha izinkinga, kusukela ezinkingeni zemvelo kuya ekuntengantengeni kwezomnotho, ngoba omakhelwane basengozini kakhulu yokusizana nokubambisana ngokuphumelelayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphakathi ethembisene ukukhanga kakhulu ekutshaleni imali nemithombo yemali. Ohulumeni bendawo ngokuvamile basabela kakhulu emaqenjini ahleliwe abonisa umbono ocacile nekhono lokubambisana. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhuthaza izikole ezingcono, imigwaqo ephephile, noma izinto zokuhamba ezithuthukisiwe zomphakathi, izakhamuzi eziboshelwe ukukhokha imali esetshenziswayo kuhulumeni ezifuna izinto eziza kuqala. Umphumela uwukwabiwa okulinganayo kwezimpahla zomphakathi nezinkonzo.

Amandla Omuntu Ngamunye

Uma umuntu ebophana, ukubophana komphakathi kunikeza abantu umuzwa wenjongo. Ukwazi ukuthi izenzo zomuntu zingenza umehluko / noma kuncane, kuveza imizwa yokungabi namandla nokungathembi. Ukuhlanganyela kuveza abantu futhi babhekene nemibono ehlukene, kukhuthaza uzwela nokuqonda izindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izakhamuzi eziningi zibika amazinga aphakeme okwaneliseka kokuphila nomuzwa onamandla wokuba ngamalungu omphakathi wazo.

Isiphetho

Ukuthembisana ngesivumelwano somsebenzi womsebenzi wobugqila akusona isibopho sokunethezeka kwentando yeningi; kuyisidingo. Ngaphandle kokuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ezakhamuzini ezinolwazi, ukulandisa kukahulumeni kungantengantenga, inkohlakalo ingachuma, futhi ukuthemba umphakathi kuphele. Kusukela ekuvoteni nasemphakathini kuya ekuzihlanganiseni nokuzibandakanya notshani, zonke izinhlobo zokuthembisana zisiza esimisweni lapho abaholi benikezwa khona impendulo kubantu abakhonzayo. Nokho indlela yokuthembisana ngokushelela igcwele izinselele @arephathy, amangala, ukuduki, nokuxoxisana, nokuxoxisana okufunwa kwazo zonke izikhambiso ezihlanganisa imfundo engcono, ukufunda nokulungisa izinhlangano.

Othisha, abaholi bomphakathi, nabakhi bezimiso bonke banendima yokufeza ekuthuthukiseni isiko lokuhlanganyela. Ngokufundisa ukubaluleka kokuthatha isinyathelo somphakathi, ukunikeza izindlela ezifinyelelekayo zokuhileleka, nokuvikela ubuqotho bezinqubo zedemokrasi, bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uhulumeni uhlala uyinceku yesithakazelo somphakathi. Ekugcineni, amandla entando yeningi awalinganiswa ngobukhulu bezinhlangano zayo kodwa ngokuzimisela kwezakhamuzi ukungenela, ukubuza, nokugcina amandla. Umthwalo wemfanelo (*) nombuso kubo bonke abantu abakhetha ukuhlanganyela kuyo.