Indima Ewusizo Ye - Raje Sabha Ezolimo Ezithuthukayo

Ingxenye yezolimo yaseNdiya ibhekene nenselele ehlukene: ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokudla ezikhulayo lapho ilondoloza imithombo yemvelo yezizukulwane ezizayo. IRaje Sabha, njengendlu engaphezulu yePhalamende, inesikhundla esiyingqayizivele esiyenza ikwazi ukwakha izimiso zemithetho ezithatha isikhathi eside. Ngokungafani neLok Sabha, enamalungu akhethwa ngokuqondile njalo eminyakeni emihlanu, iRapya Sabba iyindikimba ehlala njalo enokhetho olushayekayo, inikeza inzuzo enkulu kakhulu yokususa inqubo futhi engahambisani ne-Rhayya Sabbaha ukuze ihlole umthetho wezolimo ngokunakekela ukugcinwa, ukunakekelwa kwendawo ezungezile, ukunakekelwa kwezenhlalakahle, nokuhlala kahle, kunokuba kube imijikelezo encishiwe.

Izindlela zokulima ezinakekelwayo zihlanganisa izindlela zokulondoloza impilo yomhlaba, ukulondoloza amanzi, ukunciphisa amakhemikhali, nokuthuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Amandla Omthetho - sisekelo Nenqubo Yokushaya Indiva

I-Raje Sabra ijya Sabra ijya Sabra isebenza ngokulandelana kwemithetho elinganayo ne-Lok Sabhah ezihlokweni eziningi, kuhlanganise nezolimo ngaphansi kwe-Union ne-Connal List. Isivumelwano kumelwe sidlulise zombili izindlu ukuze zibe umthetho, sinikeze iRajiya Sabha igunya lokuvimbela, ukulibala, noma ukuqeda umthetho wezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iRajibya Sabhaha ingaqala izikweletulo ezihlokweni ezisoHlwini lwezwe, uma umongameli etusa ukuba iPalamente ilungu lendaba yendaba yesizwe enesithakazelo sesizwe. Leli khono lokumisa umthetho ezindabeni ezibucayi ezinjengokuphathwa kwamanzi, ukusetshenziswa kwezwe, nokuvikelwa kwendawo ezungezile kuthinta ngokuqondile ukufuywa.

Ngaphandle komthetho, iRaje Sabha ingakhipha izinqumo ezithonya isimiso sokuqondisa, ifune imibiko evela ezikhungweni zobufundisi, futhi ifune ukuba izikhonzi ziphendule imibuzo phakathi nehora le-University. Lezi zinqubo ziqinisekisa ukuthi ezolimo ezisekelayo zihlala ziyindaba ehlolwa njalo ephalamendeni.

Ukubukeza Nesichibiyelo Sezincwadi Eziyinhloko

I-Raje Sabra’s Department System - Living Committee ehlangene ne-System System, ikakhulukazi iKomiti yezezolimo, ihlola izindleko ngokuningiliziwe. Bamema ubufakazi obuyingcaca. Bamema amaqembu abalimi, futhi bafaka imibiko evame ukuholela ekulungiseni okukhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, i- Factorim’s Ingeigrand Trade and Commercinement (Proctation and Facialism) Act, 2020 [FLY] Act [FLY:1] nomthetho [[FLLY:1] kanye nenters [[FLY:2] inters (Inters nesivikelo) enters (Intembesa ne-Advices) kungathiwe kakhulu ngenxa yemali enhlabathi ebanzi namanzi.[20] I-FLC.[FG.3] Imithetho yayihluliwe kakhulu, incindandayo, incindayo eqo eqongo yemali, inteneyo enci

Esinye isibonelo i- National Food Security Act, 2013. Nakuba kungewona umthetho wezolimo kuphela, amalungiselelo awo okuthola, ukugcina, nokusakaza ithonya lokutshala. I-Rajiya Sabha yaphikisana ngokuncishiswa kokuhlanganisa ukutholakala kokudla ngokutshalwa kwezitshalo kanye nokukhuliswa kwe-creadry, izinyathelo ezizonciphisa ububanzi bendawo ezungezile bemiklamo ethile efakiweyo.

Umsebenzi Wekomiti Wezolimo Ezinakekelwayo

I-Raje Sabra isebenza amakomiti amaningi akhiqiza imibiko eminingi ngokuningiliziwe ngezolimo, indawo ezungezile, kanye nentuthuko yasemaphandleni. Lemibiko ayibambi ukuhlanganisa kodwa inesisisindo esiphawulekayo ngenxa yokuthi icabangela ukuvumelana okuphambanayo kanye nokwaziswa okungochwepheshe. I-Diving Committee on Agriculture, i-Animalry and Food Processinging[[FLL:1] ikhiphe imibiko ngezihloko ezinjenge-“Organic Farming eNdiya” (2022), “Indawo yokulondolozwa nokuphatha kwe-Agriculture" [2023], nesithi“Iproction of Agroforentry for Convitabled Livectionations"2024). Umbiko ngamunye uqukethe ukutusa kukahulumeni olindelwe ukusekela noma ukusabela esikhathini esithile esishiwoyo.

Ngokwesibonelo, umbiko wekomiti ka-2023 ophathelene nokulondolozwa kwamanzi wanxusa uhulumeni ukuba asheshise ukusetshenziswa [u- Pradhan Mangri Krishi Sinchayee Yoina (PMKSY) ngokugxila ekuvuneni kwamanzi namagciwane angenazinsika. Yatusa futhi ukuba uMnyango Wezolimo Zokusebenza Nenkonzo KaJal Shacketi uhlanganise ukugcinwa kwerekhodi lezwe ngezimiso zokusebenza kahle kwamanzi. Lokhu kutusa kuye kwalungisa iziqondiso zohlelo olulandelayo, kwenza amanzi alondoloze injongo eyisisekelo.

Khetha Amakomiti Namalungu Angabodwa

Nakuba umthetho omningi usuka kuhulumeni, amalungu azimele eRaje Sabha aye asungula futhi amafaktire kwezolimo ezilondolozwayo. Ngo-2021, umthetho welungu elizimele obiza iNational Orcalic Farming Policy [ ongenza ukuba abalimi abancane basekele izakhi zemvelo, ukuvala izibulala zinambuzane ezithile, futhi adale ibhodi lokuthengisa. Nakuba lolu phawu lungazange ludlule, lwabangela ukuba kuqhutshwe iprojekiti ye-oral colution ye-oral ezindaweni ezintathu.

Khetha amakomiti, ahlanganisa amalungu azo zombili izindlu, akhiwa ukuze ahlole izimpikiswano ezithile. IKomiti Yokukhetha i- Ukuhlukahlukahluka kwe-Bibiological (Amenment) Bill, 2021 yahlanganisa amalungu amaningana eRajiya Sabhaha. Ukungenela kwawo kwaqinisekisa ukuthi isenzo sokugcina amalungelo abalimi ukuba basebenzise izimbewu nemithombo yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ingxenye ebucayi ye-agro engokwesayensi yesayensi yemvelo.

Isimiso Esilawulayo Ngaphandle Komthetho

Ithonya likaRaje Sabra alidluli ekuqambeni umthetho osemthethweni. Phakathi ne Hour ye-Puning Hour ne-Zero, amalungu aphakamisa izindaba mayelana nezinsalela zezibulala zinambuzane, ukuwohloka kwenhlabathi, ukuwa kwamazinga amanzi angaphansi komhlaba, nemiphumela emibi yokushintsha isimo sezulu ekuvuleni kwezitshalo. Izikhonzi kumelwe zisabele ngokushintshwa kokwaziswa kanye nenqubo, okuvame ukuholela ekulungiseni ukuphatha.

Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2023, ilungu leRaje Sabra lasePunjab laqokomisa ukuxhumana phakathi komlilo wesitsha esishiswayo nokungcola komoya. Wacela ukugcinwa okuqinile komthetho we- Commong for Air Seaty Security Act, 2021 ezindaweni zokulima. Ukucindezela kwephalame lakudala kwabangela ukuba umsebenzi wezolimo wandise i-Crealcurical ububanzi be-Moonthisting mechanition [ ye-National Mechanity me Mericiumtion [[FLT]] yokuhlanganisa ukukhokhela imbewu ejabulisayo kanye nemishini yokwabaphathi botshani. Lo mshini usekela ngokuqondile imikhuba yokulima ngokushiswa.

Ukuhlela Uhlelo Lokusebenzisa Imali

I-Raje Sabra Sabra impikiswano yaminyaka yonke yeZimfuneko zeGrants of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare. Ngalé kohlelo lweNdlela yokuhamba , amalungu angaveza ukuncishiswa noma ukuthunyelwa kwezimali ngokoqobo. Ngo-2022, ukunyakaza kwabonisa ukuthi imali ebekelwe amakhadi empilo enhlabathi ayinele ukuhlanganisa zonke izifunda-onke futhi imali eyengeziwe kufanele ithunyelwe ukuqeqesha abalimi ngokuchaza amakhadi. Nakuba ukunyakaza okunqunywa kunganqotshwa, uhulumeni wandisa inani eliphindaphindwayo ngesilinganiso futhi wandisa ibhodi ye-webhusayithi ye-ibhusayithi yeze yempilo yomhlaba.

Imithetho Eyinhloko Nemiphumela Yayo Yokuzigcina

Izinguquko Ze - APMC Nokutholakala Kwazo Ezentengiselwano

I-Raje Sabra Sabra yacabangela uMthetho [[FLT: 0] wezobulimi oveza iKomiti yeMakethe (APMC) Act iqinisekisa ukuthi izinguquko zihlanganisa amalungiselelo omlimi ozothengisa ngokuqondile, amapulazi emishini yezobuchwepheshe, nokubhalisa izinhlangano zomlimi (FLT:2]] i-Essilence Commities (I-Amendracties). Lezinguquko zinciphisa ukulahleka kwenani lezindawo zangemva kokugada, umbangongo, ngoba izimakethengiso eziphumelelayo zisho udoti omncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Ranyabha yagcizelela inzuzo encithaneyo engekho izindleko ezithile zokuthengisa, intela ezinziwayo zokuhweba ngaphandle kwezentengo.

Izinguquko Zezwe Nemithetho Ededelayo

Ukwahlukana komhlaba kuyisithiyo sokusekela ezolimo ngoba ukugodla okuncane ngokwezimali kwenza kube okungenakukwazi ukwamukela imikhuba efana nokulima, ukuvuleka kwemisebe, noma i-octractic creding. IKomiti kaRajiya Sabba ekhuluma ngenguquko ye-Frial Development itusa ukuba izwe eliwuhlobo lwezikhungo ezivikela abalimi abahlala ngokuthula kodwa ikhuthaza abemi bendawo ukuba bathathe indawo yemisebenzi eqinile. Izifundazwe eziningi ziye zamukela leziqondiso, ziholela ekwandeni endaweni ngaphansi kokulima okungenayo ngezindawo ezisebenzela kuyo i-mingxpolatestry enjenge-Androshade ne-Tamil Nadu.

Imithetho Yokuvikela Indawo Ezungezile

Isaziso se-Entrony Impact Assessment (EIA) i- kanye nokulungisa kwayo okulandelayo kuthinta ezolimo lapho imisebenzi emikhulu iguqula amapulazi. IKomiti kaRajiya Sabha eMbindini yabukeza i-Draft EIA Sagement 2020 futhi yagxeka amalungiselelo ayo avumela ukusetshenziswa kwezwe lezolimo ngaphandle kokuxhumana nomphakathi ezindaweni ezizwelayo. Umbiko wekomiti waholela ekuvuseleni kabusha i-project, futhi isaziso sokugcina imfuneko yokulalela umphakathi lapho kuhileleke amapulazi aphambili angaphezu kwekhulu. Lokhu kuvikela imithombo yezwe emboni elondolozwe elondolozwe.

Ukuthuthukisa Izitshalo Nezitshalo Ezingokwemvelo

I-Indiya iyikhaya le- Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yoina (PKVY) ne-]Mission Confect Chain Development for Northern East Recurence [MFUNIT][[FOLDNATE]]. I-Rajigya SHABHA ilokhu isunduza izimali eziphakeme nokusetshenziswa okungcono kwalezinhlelo. Empikiswaneni engu-2023, amalungu aphikisa ngokuthi inqubo yokuveza imikhiqizo ye-oralturation inkinjwayelekile futhi itusa ukuthathwa kwe-[FOLT] i-Intectivestion Systems (PPFD] [FFFFFFFF]] [Foctive], okuyisiqinisekiso somphakathi esinezekelele i-PGY.

Enye i-active ephawulekayo kwakuyi-Raje Sabha's ubizo lwesizwe lokuthuthukisa izinqubo nezifefezi kanye ne-biopeticides njengezinye ezinye izindlela zokufaka amakhemikhali. Inkambiso yakhululwa ngo-2022, futhi ihlanganisa izisusa zokuqalisa zokusungula izinto eziphathekayo, kanye nemikhankaso yokuqaphela ezindaweni ezinamathelishini aphezulu anezicici njengemiko leNguquko.

Ukulondolozwa Nokulawulwa Kwamanzi

Izolimo zisebenzisa i-Modell Groundwater Bill, 2016 kanye ne [FLT] River Basin Management Bill [[FLT:] Bill [FLT] [i-FLT]r menu inzima yesizwe. Phakathi nale mpikiswano, amalungu agcizelela isidingo sokuveza imikhiqizo yamanzi ehamba phambili, njengokusuka egatsheni kuya ezindaweni zamanzi.

Ngo-2021, i-Rajiya Sabha yadlulisela isinqumo esinxusa uhulumeni ukuba amemezele i-National Water Conservation Mission igxile kwezolimo. Isinqumo sibizwa ngokuqondile ngokuvuselelwa kwezisekelo zokuvuna amanzi ezingokwesiko — [[ , [FLT:] joads, [[FLT:] ne-[FLT] isherve [FLT] amada [[FLT]] — ezweni lokulima. Inkonzo yeJalkTkithi yasabela ngokuhlanganisa lemiklamo [F:] [FT] [FT] [FT] [FT] [FFT]

Isimo Sezulu Siyaqina Futhi Amandla Aphinde Avuseleleke

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kusongela ukuthela okuqondile, futhi i-Raje Sabha ibilokhu isebenza kakhulu ekukhuthazeni ukulima okubangelwa isimo sezulu. Phakathi nengxoxo ebhekiswe ku-Energy Conservation (Amendment), Bill, 2022[FL:1], amalungu afaka ngokuphumelelayo amalungiselelo avumela abalimi ukuba bathengise amandla elanga anele avela ekudayiseni amanzi asuka emthanjeni we-injini ye-metha. Lokhu akunciphisi nje kuphela i-carbon print ye-partum of monetic kodwa futhi kunikeza abalimi umthombo wemali engeziwe, okwenza bakwazi ukutshala imithombo egciniwe egciniwe.

IRaje Sabra yabuye yaphikisana ne-National Actional Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC) ukwabiwa. Amalungu abizwa ukuba abe yilungu elinikezelwe kwezolimo, kamuva elafakwa I-National Mission for Sustatality Agriculture (NMSA). I-NMSA manje isekela izikhangiso zezitshalo ezincibilikayo, imicro yezitshalo ezincinyana, kanye nezimiso zokulima ezixubile.

Imvelo Nembewu

Izinhlobonhlobo zembewu yaseNdiya ziyingcebo yezolimo eziqinile, kodwa isongelwa ukubusa kwezinhlobo ze-productions kanye nezishintshiwe ngokwezakhi zofuzo. I-Rajiya Sabba ukuhileleka kwe-Plant Varieties ne-Primars’s Rights (PPPV&FR) Act, 2001[FLD:1] ibaluleke kakhulu. I-Act inikeza abalimi ilungelo lokugcina, ukusebenzisa, ukuthengiselana, nokuthengisa imbewu egciniwe. I-Rajish Sabha’s Committee on Agriculture (PPPP&FR Authority) itusa amandla okubhalisa izinhlobonhlobo zezekwa. Ngo-2023, igunya elisungulayo lokulawula inqubo yokubhalisa i-operalcen ezinhlobonhlobo zempuzansika ne-opotalk, i-Osharacrac, izinhlelo zesayensi zemvelo ezisakhi ezisatholakalayo ezikhona.

Indlu ephezulu yaphikisana futhi nomthetho we-Genedical Indications of Goods (Imvume nokuvikelwa), 1999 ngomongo wemikhiqizo yezolimo. Amalungu avela ezindaweni ezinamagquma aphikisa ngokuthi i-GIA izitshalo ezingokwesiko ezifana [[FLT:] [FLT]] Rhodendron [ umpe olusuka eSikkim nase [FLT:]] iKakadong turmeric [[[ ukusuka e-Meghalya ingenza abalimi baqhubeke bekhulisa lobuthi yezilwane zezinhlobo ezifuyom, kunokuba bashintshe ukuthenga izitshalo ezingcolisa umhlaba.

Izinselele Nokugxeka

Naphezu kwempumelelo yayo, ukuphumelela kweRaje Sabha ekusekeleni ezolimo ezilondolozwayo ngokuvamile kulinganiselwe ngezici eziningana. Okokuqala, uhulumeni wangalolosuku ugcina iningi lendlu yaseRajiya Sabbah ngezisebenzi zayo, unciphisa amandla endlu ephezulu ekubekelani umthetho i-. Okwesibili, izimpikiswano zokulima eziqinile ngokuvamile zibangelwa ukuba khona okunganele nokuntula ubuchwepheshe phakathi kwamalungu. Okwesithathu, kunokwehlukana phakathi kwenqubo ekwakhekeni nasekwakheni isilinganiso sotshani eDelhi; izinqubweni zotshani zotshani obuningi i-utshani; u-jaya Sabraha neziphatho zesinqumo zekomiti azihunyulelwanga ezenzweni zezwe ngenxa yekhono lombuso lokulima.

Ukuze inqobe lezinselele, i-Raje Sabra iye yaphendukela kakhulu ekudaleni [i-[FLT: 0] amakomiti aphethe ukusetshenziswa kombuso wombuso kanye nezishaya-mthetho. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Parliamentary Forum on Agriculture ihlanganisa amalungu avela kuzo zombili izindlu kanye nemihlangano ye-biannu nezikhonzi zezolimo ukuze zibukeze intuthuko ezisuselwayo ekulimeni.

Isiphetho

IRaje Sabra ayiyona nje indawo yokuhlalisa; iyinhlangano ebucayi yokusekela ukuma kwesimiso sokulima saseNdiya. Ngokuhlola kwayo isimiso sokulawula izimali, imibiko yamakomiti, ukuqondisa kwezimiso zemali, nokuqapha okuqhubekayo, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhathalela indawo ezungezile nezenhlalo akunciphiswanga ukuze kukhiqizwe intuthuko emkhawulweni wesikhashana. Izibonelo zokukhushulwa kwezindawo zokulima, imithombo yokulondoloza amanzi, isivikelo sembewu, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamandla abonakalayo okusebenza kwesimo sezulu kubonisa ithonya elingokoqobo lendlu ephezulu emhlabathini.

Njengoba i-Indiya iphishekela umgomo wayo wokuba umthelisi ophambili kwezolimo othunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuyilapho ihlangabezana nezibopho zayo zesimo sezulu ngaphansi kwe-Paris Agreement, i-Raje Sabba ibaluleke kakhulu. Ikhono layo lokuhlanganisa amazwi ahlukahlukene — kusukela kwabesifazane abancane abalimayo kuya kososayensi bezemvelo — enqubweni yemithetho yemithetho yemithetho yemithetho yezobuchwepheshe eyenza kube yiqophelo lokwakha kokubili i-athoric nescology. Ikusasa lokulima okungaxhomelwanga nje kuphela empucukweni yezobuchwepheshe kodwa nasemandleni entando yentando yeningi ezinhlangano zezentando yeningi njenge-Rajya Sabha engenza iprogram ibe yinqubo egcinwa isebenza isikhathi eside.

Ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngezihloko eziqinile zezolimo eziqinile, bheka i PRS Legisative Research [ imibiko yamakomiti ezolimo kanye Iphansi EMhlabeni [[ imiphumela yemithetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, UN Environment Programme [ inikeza i-momement ezungeze inqubo yokulima ehambisana ne-Rajiya Sabha.