Ukubaluleka Okuhlala Kukhona Kwemicikilisho Yokuvuselelwa Kwemivubukulo

Imikhosi yokumisa yababusi bombuso imelela elinye lamasiko ahlala njalo nanenjongo kakhulu ekuphileni kwezombangazwe zaseMelika. Lezizenzakalo ziphawula ukuqala kwegama likambusi, okusebenza kokubili njengesidingo somthetho-sisekelo nesiko elinamandla emphakathini. Nakuba ngokuvamile limbozwe ukubuswa kwezakhiwo zobumongameli, imikhosi yabaphathi inencazelo ejulile ezakhamuzini zezwe ngalinye, iqinisa izimiso zedemokrasi futhi inikeza isikhathi sokuveza isibopho sobuholi ndawonye.

Isisekelo Somlando Sokuvuleka Kwemivubukulo

Isiko lokumisa ababusi bezwe abamisa i-United States Constitution ngokwayo. Phakathi nenkathi yamakoloni, ababusi basebukhosini bathatha isikhundla ngemikhosi eyayigcizelela ukwethembeka kuMbuso. Ngemva kokuzimela, imibuso esanda kumiswa yashintsha lemicikilisho ukuze ibonise izindinganiso zeriphabliki. Ukunikezelwa kokuqala kweriphabliki yakuqala kwakuyizindaba ezihloniphekile, ngokuvamile ezaziqhutshwa phambi kwezishaya-mthetho nombukwane wesizwe, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi mikhosi zaqala zaba izenzakalo eziphawulekayo ezazihlanganisa izingxenye ezinkulu zomphakathi.

Ingxenye engokomlando ye-gubernary iveza ukusungulwa kwentando yeningi yaseMelika ngokwayo. Ekhulwini le-19, njengoba ukunikezelwa kwemibuso okwandayo nokuhlanganyela kwezombangazwe kwakhula, imikhosi yokumisa yaba obala kakhulu neyakhandlayo. AmaRailrand asiza izinkulungwane zezakhamuzi ukuba zihambe ziye enhloko-mkhandlwini yesifundazwe ngenxa yalesi senzakalo. Amaphephandaba anikezela kakhulu ngezinkulumo nangemikhosi. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ukunikezelwa kwezikhulu zesizwe kwase kuphenduke izenzakalo ezinkulu emazweni amaningi, ziphelele ngemibukiso, amabhola, nangemidiyamu emikhulu.

Umsebenzi Womthetho - sisekelo Nomthetho

Umthetho - sisekelo wombuso uhlanganisa amalungiselelo esifungo sesikhundla sobufandanda, nakuba amagama aqondile ehluka. Amaningi afuna ukuba umbusi afunge noma aqinisekise ukuthi azosekela umthetho-mthetho kahulumeni nombuso futhi afeze imisebenzi yawo ngokwethembeka. Isikhathi sokunikezelwa sichazwe kahle emthethweni kahulumeni, futhi amazwe amaningi agubha umkhosi ngo-January ngemva kokukhetha kukaNovember. Amanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi lawo anesiko eliqinile lezimiso zomthetho ekuqaleni kuka-January, ahlanganisa ukunikezelwa kwe-gabernator ngesiqalo segama elisha lemithetho.

Imfuneko engokomthetho yesifungo ifeza izinjongo eziningana. Imisa igunya elingokomthetho lombusi lokuthatha isinyathelo ngenxa kahulumeni. Iveza umlando wasobala wokudluliswa kwegunya. Futhi inikeza isikhashana sokuzinikela komuntu siqu okuthwele kokubili isisindo esingokomthetho nesingokokuziphatha. Kwezinye izifunda, ukwahlulela okuyinhloko kwenkantolo ephakeme kunikeza isifungo, okufanekisela ukuhlukaniswa kwamandla nokwesitho sombusi ekubuseni umthetho. Kwabanye, umbusi ophumayo noma umuntu ohlonishwayo wenza lo msebenzi, ugcizelela ukuqhubekeka nokushintsha okunokuthula.

Isifungo Sehhovisi: Inhliziyo Yesigebengu

Isifungo sehhovisi siyisici esisodwa esibaluleke kakhulu sanoma yisiphi isiphi isakhiwo sokunikezelwa. Uma umbusi ohlelayo ephakamisa isandla sabo sokunene futhi ephinda amazwi esifungo, ushintsho oluyisisekelo lwenzeka. Ngalesosikhathi, isakhamuzi siba umphathi omkhulu, sinikwe igunya nomthwalo wemfanelo wesikhundla esiphakeme sikahulumeni. Isifungo asisona nje isifungo esisemthethweni kodwa isifungo esiqinile esibopha umbusi kumthetho-sisekelo nemithetho kazwe.

Ulimi oluqondile lwesifungo luyehluka ngokwezwe kodwa luvame ukuhlanganisa izibopho ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukusekela imithetho-sisekelo ye-United States nezwe, ukwenza ngokwethembeka imisebenzi yehhovisi, nokukhonza abantu bezwe. Ezinye izifungo zikahulumeni zihlanganisa ezinye izinto, njengokuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kobukhosi bukahulumeni noma ukugwema ukonakala. Ngokwesibonelo, umbusi kumele afunge ku-"Séxas, vikela, futhi avikele" umthetho-sisekelo, ulimi olufana nesifungo sikamongameli. Izifungo eziningi ze-gernator ziphetha ngenkulumo "so ngisize uNkulunkulu, nakuba lokhu kungadingenwa emhlabeni wonke futhi amanye ababusi ekhetha ukukukhipha.

Uphawu Lwesikhotha

Ukuphatha isifungo kugcwele izifanekiselo. Umbusi okhethayo ubeka isandla esisodwa eBhayibhelini noma komunye umbhalo ongcwele, nakuba abanye bekhetha ezinye izindlela ezingekho zweni. Indawo yomkhosi isho okuthile. Ukunikezelwa kwezakhiwo eziningi kuthatha izinyathelo zesakhiwo se-capitol, isakhiwo esimelela isihlalo sikahulumeni wezwe negunya labantu elihlangene. Indawo yangaphandle ivumela ukuhlanganyela okukhulu emphakathini futhi yenza ukuhlobana phakathi kombusi nezakhamuzi eziyokukhonza.

Ukuba khona kwamalungu omkhaya nezikhulu phakathi nesifungo kugcizelela izilinganiso zomuntu siqu nezimisiwe zesenzakalo. Umkhaya wombusi umelela uhlangothi lobuholi lomuntu, ukhumbuza umphakathi ukuthi ihhovisi liphethwe umuntu onemithwalo yemfanelo nemizwelo yangasese. Izikhulu ezibutheneyo i-̵ izahlulelo, izishayamthetho, ababekade bengababusi, nabaholi bomphakathi i-̬ uqinisa ukusekela okubanzi nokubambisana kwenhlangano okudinga ukubusa.

Ikheli Elivamile: Ukuveza Umbono

Ngemva kwesifungo, umbusi unikeza ikheli lokuvula elibonisa umbono wabo wegama elizayo. Lenkulumo ingenye yezindlela zokuxhumana ezibaluleke kakhulu umbusi azokwenza, njengoba imisa indlela yokuqondisa kwabo futhi imisa izinto eziza kuqala ezizolandela isimiso somthetho. Ngokungafani nekheli loMbuso, elibika ngezimo zamanje futhi litusa umthetho oqondile, ikheli lokuvula isikhalo liyithemba. Igxila ezindinganisweni, ekuqondiseni, nasezifisweni ezihlanganyele zabantu bamazwe.

Kudingeka bavume izinselele ezibhekene nombuso ngaphandle kokuphelelwa ithemba kakhulu. Kumelwe basho uhlelo olucacile ngaphandle kokuminyana emikhankasweni yezobuchwepheshe. Kumelwe bahlanganise izilaleli ezihlukahlukene ezihlanganisa abasekeli, abagxeki, nabaphikisi bezombangazwe. Futhi kumelwe baveze ukuqiniseka nekhono kuyilapho behlala bethobekile ngemingcele yamandla okulawula. Ukuhlelwa kwe-gubernar kunikeza le migomo ngemifanekiso ecacile, ngezindaba zomuntu siqu, nangesimiso sokuziphatha esicacile.

Izihloko Eziwumlando Nezibonelo Ezingokomlando

Ababusi abaningi basebenzisa amakheli abo okuvula ukuze baqale isihloko esibusayo noma isiqubulo esizochaza isikhathi sabo ehhovisi. UMbusi uMario Cuomo waseNew York wasebenzisa ngokudume kakhulu ikheli lakhe lokuvula ngo 1983 ukubiza "intuthuko" eyothinta ukungalingani kwezomnotho lapho egcina umthwalo wemfanelo wezezomnotho. UMbusi u-Ann Richards waseTexas wasebenzisa ikheli lakhe lika-199 ukugubha ukwahlukahluka nokungena ezikhundleni, ethi "i-Texas inkulu kakhulu kakhulu kithi sonke." Lezinkulumo zisiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqonde ukuthi umbusi umelelani futhi zilindeleni ekuqondiseni.

Amakheli angokwesiko anikeza futhi ithuba kubabusi ukuba baqaphele umlando namasiko ombuso. Izimpawu kubabusi bangaphambili, izenzakalo zikahulumeni eziphawulekayo, nezindlela zokuhlola zamasiko zendawo zidala umuzwa wokuqhubeka nokuba khona kanye nokuba amalungu. Lapho uMbusi uJanet Mills wase Maine ethatha isikhundla ngo-2019, waphawula ukuthi nguyena wesifazane wokuqala ukuba abambelele esikhundleni, ehlanganisa ukufinyelela kwakhe siqu ohambweni olude oluya ebufana nabesifazaneni. Izikhathi ezinjalo zithinta ngokujulile izilaleli futhi zinikeze ukubaluleka kwenkulumo okuhlala njalo ngaphandle komongokomba wezombangazwe oseduze.

Izici Eziyinhloko Nomkhosi Womphakathi

Ngaphandle kwesifungo nenkulumo, ukunikezelwa kwemicikilisho kuhlanganisa izici eziningi zemikhosi ezihlanganisa umphakathi futhi zigubhe imikhosi yentando yeningi. Lezi zenzakalo ziyahlukahluka ngokwezwe, zibonakalisa amasiko omphakathi nobuntu bombusi ozayo. Kwezinye izindawo, ukunikezelwa kuwumkhosi othatha ihora noma amabili. Kwezinye, kuba umkhosi wezinsuku eziningi onezenzakalo nemisebenzi eminingi.

Izinsalela Nezinqubo

Ukunikezelwa kwezakhiwo eziningi kuhlanganisa ukugubha emigwaqweni yenhloko - dolobha. Loludwendwe luhlanganisa amabhande ahambayo avela ezikoleni eziphakeme nasekholijini, amabutho empi, izinhlangano zomphakathi, kanye nama-flate amelela izindawo ezihlukahlukene nezimboni zikahulumeni. Lo mbukiso ufeza izinjongo eziningi. Uletha ukugujwa emphakathini, uvumela izakhamuzi ezingakwazi ukuya emkhosini ongokomthetho ukuba zihlanganyele emikhosini. Ibonisa izinhlobonhlobo zezwe nokuziqhenya. Futhi inikeza isifanekiso esibonakalayo sokuxhumana kombusi nabantu abazokhonzayo.

Umbukiso wokuqalisa futhi unendlela ewusizo. Kunika umbusi ithuba lokusebenzelana ngokuqondile nezakhamuzi, ukuxhawulana ngezandla, ukwamukela izintambo eziphambili, nokubonisa indlela yazo yokuhola engenekayo. Kubaningi abakhona, ukubona umbusi engokoqobo phakathi nombukiso kuyinto ekhumbulekayo eqinisa ukuhlobana kwabo nohulumeni. Ukudluliswa kwezindaba zombukiso ngokuvamile kugxila ezindabeni ezithinta abantu, njengabantu asebekhulile abaye bajabulela ukunikezelwa kwezakhiwo noma abafundi abasebasha ababheka lesi senzakalo njengesikhuthazo senkonzo yomphakathi esikhathini esizayo.

Izinhlamvu Eziyi - Informal neGalas

Ibhola elinamazinyo afanayo liyisiko ezifundazweni eziningi, lilungiselela ukugubha imikhosi yakusihlwa kanye nokuhlangana komphakathi. Lezizenzakalo zisukela kuma-gala avamile anezingubo ezimnyama kuya emibuthanweni ewubungane ewudlayo nokudla nomculo. Lebhola ngokuvamile lihlanganisa amazwi avela kumbusi nakumngane wakhe, ezokuzijabulisa ezidwetshwa nguhulumeni, namathuba ezivakashini zokuhlangana nezikhulu ezikhethiwe nabaholi bomphakathi.

Ibhola elinamacala ahlukene lifeza imisebenzi ebalulekile yezenhlalo nezombangazwe. Bavumela umbusi ukuba abonge abasekeli nezisebenzi zokuzithandela zomkhankaso elungiselelweni lemikhosi. Bahlanganisa abantu abavela ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, izimboni, nezizinda zezombangazwe, bakha ubuhlobo obungasiza ekubambisana phakathi nenkathi. Futhi bakha umuzwa wokugubha okuhlanganyelwayo okudlula ukuhlukana okungokobuhlanga, okungenani kusihlwa. Kubantu abaningi abahlanganyelayo, ibhola eliqalwayo liyisenzakalo esivelele sekhalenda lezombangazwe nenkumbulo eyigugu yokumiswa kwesikhundla sikambusi.

Imisebenzi Yomculo Nokuhlela Ubuciko

Umculo nobuciko kunendima evelele ekunikezelweni kwe-gubernary. Imisebenzi yabaculi bendawo, amakwaya, kanye nemidanso iveza ifa lezwe lesizwe futhi yenezela ukujula okungokomzwelo kwemicikilisho. Umculo okhethwayo ngokuvamile uhlotshaniswa ngenhloso, ubonakalisa izindinganiso zombusi nephimbo abafisa ukulihlela ukuphatha. Izingoma ze-Patriotic njenge "America Muhle" kanye nezingoma zikahulumeni ziyizisekelo, kodwa ababusi abaningi bahlanganisa futhi nemicisho eqokomisa ukwahlukahlukana kwesizwe noma amasiko omculo kahulumeni.

Abanye ababusi basebenzisa ukunikezelwa njengethuba lokuthuthukisa umphakathi wobuciko kahulumeni. Bangase bathumele imisebenzi yokuqala yomkhosi noma izingcweti ezivelele eziye zaqashelwa uhulumeni. Lokhu kusekela kobuciko kuthumela umyalezo ngenkambiso yempucuko kambusi futhi kunikeza ukudalulwa okuwusizo kwetalente lendawo. Eminyakeni yamuva, ababusi abaningana baye bahlanganisa imisebenzi yamaqembu aboMdabu baseMelika, bedumisa ifa lesizwe sabo futhi beqaphela ukubaluleka kobudlelwane besizwe.

Indima Yomphakathi Ekuvulweni Kwemivubukulo

Ukunikezelwa kwe-gubernator kuyizigigaba eziqondiswe kakhulu zomphakathi. Ngokungafani nezici eziningi zokubusa okwenzeka ngemuva kweminyango evalekile, ukunikezelwa kuvulekele bonke abantu abafisa ukuya. Lokhu kuthululwa kuyisici esichazayo sokunikezelwa kwentando yeningi futhi kuhlukanisa imikhosi elandelanayo yemibuso yempoqo. Ukuba khona komphakathi ekunikezeleni kusebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuthi igunya lombusi lithathelwe emvumeni yababuswayo.

Ukutholakala kwe-gubernator yokunikezelwa kwe-gubernary kuyahluka ngokwezwe kodwa ngokuvamile kubonisa isibopho sokuhlanganyela komphakathi. Imikhosi eminingi iqhutshelwa ngaphandle emapulatifomuni e-capitol, kungekho mathikithi afunekayo ukuze kungene bonke. Izifundazwe eziningi zinikeza ividiyo ephilayo idla amawebhusayithi kahulumeni nakumathelevishini omphakathi, ivumela izakhamuzi kulo lonke izwe ukuba zibukele izenzakalo. Abanye ababusi baye bandisa ukufinyelela kwabo ngezokuxhumana, begeleza isenzakalo emapulatifomuni njengase-YouTube nase Facebook, futhi zikhuthaza izibukeli ukuba zihlanganyele ekusabeleni kwazo ngokusebenzisa i-hashtags ezimisiwe.

Imfundo Yabonyelene Nesikhathi Sentsha

Ukunikezelwa kwezakhiwo kunikeza amathuba ayigugu emfundo yomphakathi, ikakhulukazi entsheni. Izifunda eziningi zihlela uhambo lwesikole ukuya ekunikezelweni, zivumela abafundi ukuba bafakaze ngentando yeningi emsebenzini. Othisha basebenzisa lesi senzakalo njengonyaka wokufundisa, baxoxe ngezimfuneko zomthetho-sisekelo zesifungo, umlando wokunikezelwa kwezwe, nemithwalo yemfanelo yombusi. Kubafundi abaningi, ukuya ekunikezeleni ukumiswa kuwukuqala kwabo ukuhlangana ngokuqondile nohulumeni futhi bangavusa isithakazelo sokuphila konke enkonzweni yomphakathi.

Abanye abameleli bafaka ubusha ngokukhethekile esimisweni sokunikezela. Bangamema abaholi bakahulumeni ukuba bahlanganyele emkhosini, bamise amakhasi entsha ukuze basize ngesenzakalo, noma bahlanganise imisebenzi eyenziwa amakwaya esikoleni namaqembu. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi umbusi uyasazisa isizukulwane esilandelayo futhi uzimisele ukunakekela abaholi besikhathi esizayo. Babuye baveze izinkumbulo ezikhuthazayo ezingaqinisa ukunamathela kwentsha esizweni sayo nomuzwa wayo wokuba ilungu lomphakathi.

Ukuvuleka Kwemivubukulo Okuphawulekayo Emlandweni WaseMelika

Kuwo wonke umlando waseMelika, ukumiswa okuthile okungokweziqu zamasonto kuye kwabonakala ngenxa yokubaluleka kwawo okungokomlando, ithonya elingokomzwelo, noma isenzakalo sezombangazwe.

Ukuvuselelwa Kwesikhathi Sokuvuselelwa

Ukunikezelwa kwenkathi yokuvuselelwa kabusha kwakuphakathi kwento eyayizolandela kakhulu emlandweni waseMelika. Ezizweni ezinjenge-South Carolina, Mississippi, neLouisiana, ababusi base-Afrika ababesanda kukhethwa bathatha isikhundla okokuqala, bephawula ushintsho olukhulu endaweni yezombangazwe. UMbusi uRobert K. Scott waseNingizimu Carolina, owakhethwa ngo-1868, wayengumbusi wokuqala weRepublican kazwelo futhi waqondisa ukumiswa kwezimiso zobuProfenteon. Ukumiswa kwakhe kwakuyisikhathi sethemba nomkhosi wezakhamuzi zaseMelika ezazisegqila iminyaka embalwa nje ngaphambili, nakuba futhi zabangela ukuphikiswa okukhulu kwamaqembu amhlophe abizwa ngokuthi ama-sustacist.

UMbusi u - Earl Warren waseCalifornia

Lapho u-Earl Warren eba umbusi wase California ngo-1943, wanikeza ikheli lokuqala elagcizelela ukusebenza kahle, ukubhalisa, nohulumeni omuhle. Ukunikezelwa kukaWarren kwamisa iphimbo lesimiso esiphumelelayo esasizomholela eNkantolo Ephakeme yase-U. Inkulumo yakhe yayigxile ekubuseni okungokoqobo kunokuqondisisa, indlela eyayihlobana ne-Californiaccounter futhi yasiza ekwakheni ukusekela isiphambano kwesiphambano okwakungenza ukuba isimiso sakhe semithetho esinesifiso esiphezulu siphumelele.

UMbusi uJimmy Carter waseGeorgia

Ukwamukelwa kukaJimmy Carter ngo-1971 eGeorgia kwakuphawuleka ngekheli lako elicacile lezindaba zobuhlanga. Ekhelini lakhe lokuqala, uCarter wamemezela ukuthi "isikhathi sokucwaswa kohlanga sesephelile," inkulumo eyashaqisa abaningi enkathini esaqashelwa eNingizimu futhi yanikeza isiqondiso esisha kwezombangazwe zaseGeorgia. Lenkulumo yathola ukunakekela kwesizwe futhi yasiza ekumiseni uCarter njengezwi elithuthukayo phakathi kweDemocratic Party, ivula indlela yomkhankaso wakhe wobumongameli eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva.

UMbusi uChristine Gregoire waseWashington

U-Christine Gregoire wangonyaka ka-2005 wamiswa njengombusi waseWashington wayengokomlando hhayi nje ngoba wayengumphathi wokuqala kahulumeni owayekhethwe ngelungelo lakhe kodwa futhi ngenxa yokuthi ukhetho lwakhe lwalungolunye lolwazi oluseduze kakhulu emlandweni kahulumeni. Imiphumela yancishwa izinyanga eziningi, futhi ukunikezelwa kwakhe kwenziwa ngaphansi kwefu elingaqiniseki. UGregoire wasebenzisa ikheli lakhe lokuvula ukuze abize ubunye nokuphulukisa, egcizelela ukuthi ukhetho lwase luphelile futhi kwase kuyisikhathi sokuqhubekela phambili ndawonye. Izwi lakhe lomusa lasiza ukungezwani futhi lamvumela ukuba aqale ngesilinganiso sokuthakazelela kwakhe.

Izinqubo Zanamuhla Zokuvuselelwa Kwemivubukulo

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukumiswa kwezakhiwo kuye kwashintsha ukuze kubonise ukushintsha kobuchwepheshe, inani labantu, namathemba omphakathi.

Izingxenye Zezinombolo Nezeqiniso

Isifo se-COVOID-19 saphoqelela amazwe amaningi ukuba aphinde avule imikhosi yawo yokunikezelwa. Ngo-2021, ababusi abaningana benza izenzakalo eziphila noma ezixubile ezazihlanganisa imikhosi yezifungo, ukwenza izifungo eziqoshiwe, nokuhlangana komphakathi kwamanani. Nakuba lokhu kushintshwa kwazalwa ngokudingekile, baveza amathuba amasha okwandisa amathuba okungena ekunikezelweni. Ngisho nanjengoba izenzakalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziye zabuya, amazwe amaningi aye agcina izakhi ezithile, okwenza izakhamuzi ezingakwazi ukuya enhloko - dolobhani ukuze zikwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuhlanganyela emkhosini.

Izenhlalo zezokuxhumana ziye zaba yingxenye ebalulekile yemiboniso yanamuhla. Ohulumeni basebenzisa amapulatifomu anjenge-Twitter, i-Instagram, ne Facebook ukuze bahlanganyele okuqukethwe yi-scenes, bahlanganyele nezakhamuzi ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi nomkhosi, futhi banwebe isigidimi sabo sokuvula. Abanye ababusi baye basungula ama-hashtag anikezelwe ekunikezelweni kwabo futhi bakhuthaza izakhamuzi ukuba zihlanganyele izithombe zazo kanye nokubonisa. Lokhu kubekwa kwamanani kuguqula ukunikezelwa kwesenzakalo esisodwa kube yingxoxo eqhubekayo phakathi kombusi nabantu.

Ukusondelana Nokumelela

Ukunikezelwa kwe-gubernar kwamakhulu kugcizelela kakhulu ukuvalwa nokumelelwa kunanini ngaphambili. Ababusi abaningi benza umzamo wangamabomu ukuhlanganisa amazwi ahlukahlukene emkhosini, bakhetha izikhulumi nabaculi bezinhlanga, izizinda ezingokwenkolo, nezingokomhlaba. Abanye baye bahlanganisa ukuchaza ulimi lwezandla, ukuvala amagama, nezinye izici zokuthola ukuthi bonke izakhamuzi bangahlanganyela ngokugcwele kuleso senzakalo.

Ukwanda kwezinhlobonhlobo zababusi ngokwabo kuye kwahlela imikhosi yokumisa. Njengoba abesifazane abaningi, abantu bemibala ehlukahlukene, namalungu amanye amaqembu angaphansi aye akhethwa njengombusi, ukumiswa kwabo kuye kwathathwa njengokubaluleka okwengeziwe njengezimpawu zentuthuko nokufakwa. Lapho uMbusi uMichelle Lujan Grisham emiswa njengombusi wokuqala weDemocratic Specian emlandweni waseMelika ngo-2019, imikhosi yakhe yagubha ifa lesizwe saseNew Mexico, ngokuqaphela impumelelo yesiNgisi, iSpanishi, kanye nezilimi zomdabu.

Ukuthuthwa Kwamandla Ngokuthula Esikhungweni SoMbuso

Mhlawumbe umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wokunikezelwa kwe-gubernar uwukwenza kube lula ukudluliswa ngokuthula kwamandla. Lesimiso siyisisekelo sokubusa kwentando yeningi, siqinisekisa ukuthi ushintsho lobuholi lwenzeka ngezinqubo ezimisiwe zomthetho hhayi ngobudlova noma ngokuphoqelelwa. Nakuba ukudluliswa okunokuthula kwamandla ezingeni likahulumeni kuthola ukunakekela okwengeziwe, isimiso esifanayo sisebenza esilinganisweni sombuso futhi sibaluleke ngokufanayo ekusebenzeni kwentando yeningi yaseMelika.

Ukushintsha phakathi kwababusi kuhilela ukubambisana okuyinkimbinkimbi nokulawula. Ababusi abahambayo balungiselela abalandeli babo ukuhlelwa kwemininingwane efushanisiwe, ukuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziqhubekayo, izindaba zokuhlela izimali, nezindaba zezisebenzi. Izinhlangano zoMbuso ziyabambisana ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubekeka kwezinkonzo nemisebenzi. Imikhosi yokuququlwa kwemithetho ihlanganisa ukukhululeka kanye nokuza, ngokuvamile ngezimpawu zemikhosi zokubambisana kwezimpawu nokuhloniphana. Lemicikilisho iqinisa isimiso sokuthi nakuba ukungavumelani kwezombangazwe kufanelekile futhi kulindelekile, abakuthetheleli ukuphazamisa ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kukahulumeni.

Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho ukhetho luye lwaphikiswana noma ukushintshwa kuye kwaba nokuphikisana, umkhosi wokumisa uye wasebenza njengesikhathi esibucayi sesinqumo. Uma umnqobi efungela, umncintiswano uphethwa ngokomthetho, futhi ukugxila ekuthatheni umkhankaso wokubusa. Umphakathi wokunikezelwa kwenza lokhu kuvala kubonakale futhi kuqiniseke, kusiza ukubuyisela ukuqiniseka ngenqubo yokukhetha kanye nokufaneleka kwesimiso esisha.

Ukuvuleka Okuhlala Njalo Kwemivubukulo

Kulesi sikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwezombangazwe nokuncipha kokuthembela ezinhlanganweni, ukumiswa kwezakhiwo kuhlala kuneziqinisekiso ezinamandla zezindinganiso zentando yeningi. Kunikeza isikhashana sokugxila kwesimiso esihlanganisa izakhamuzi phakathi nokungavumelani kwezigaba. Ukubona umbusi ofunga izifungo zesikhundla, ezungezwe umkhaya, izikhulu, namalungu omphakathi, kugcizelela umqondo wokuthi uhulumeni uyinhlangano ehlangene esekelwe ekuvumeni kwabantu.

Ukunikezelwa kwezakhiwo kusebenza futhi njengezikhumbuzo zokuzichaza okuhlukile nokuzibusa kwezwe ngalinye. Nakuba uhulumeni kahulumeni uthola ukunaka okuningi kwemithombo yezindaba, ohulumeni bakahulumeni basebenzisa amandla aphawulekayo ekuphileni kwezakhamuzi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinjengemfundo, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, ezokuthutha, nokwahlulela kobugebengu. Umkhosi wokumiswa udumisa leligunya elisesilinganisweni sombuso futhi uqinisekisa ukubaluleka kobukhosi bombuso phakathi kwesimiso sombuso.

Njengoba i-United States iqhubeka iguquka, ukunikezelwa kwezakhiwo ngokuthula ngokungangabazeki kuyozivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha namathemba. Kodwa izifungo eziyinhloko i-̬ isifungo, inkulumo, ukugujwa komphakathi, nokudluliselwa ngokuthula kwamandla i-̬ kusezakuhlala kubalulekile. Lemikhosi ihlanganisa isikhathi samanje nesesikhathi esidlule, ikhumbuza izakhamuzi ngamandla ahlala njalo ezinhlangano zentando yeningi nomthwalo wemfanelo oqhubekayo wesizukulwane ngasinye sokuwalondoloza.

Kulabo abanesithakazelo sokufunda okwengeziwe ngomlando nokubaluleka kokunikezelwa kwe-gubernar, umlawuli wesizwe weNhlangano ye- unikeza imithombo eminingi ekhona emasikweni ehhovisi likahulumeni kanye nezinguquko. Library of Congress inikeza imibhalo engokomlando nezincwadi zokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zikahulumeni. Kulabo abafuna izibonelo zekheli lezakhiwo zamuva nje, [[FLT:]] Ividiyo-SC - Ikhodium lamuva [FLT] igcina inqolobane yezenzakalo zezombangazwe.