Intela iyindawo eyisisekelo sokubusa kwanamuhla, inikeza isisekelo sezimali lapho imiphakathi yakha khona izinkonzo ezibalulekile, izakhiwo, nezinhlelo. Kusukela emtatsheni wezincwadi wendawo kuya ekuvikeleni izwe, inzuzo ekhishwa ngentela ithinta ukuphila ngokuqondile kwesakhamuzi ngasinye. Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwentela kudlulela ngalé kokuziqaphela njengesibopho esingokomthetho; kuhilela ukwazisa indlela lemali eqoqwa ngayo, eyabelwe, futhi ikwazi ukusekela kokubili imiphakathi yendawo nesizwe sisonke. Lesihloko sihlola inzuzo yentela, indima yayo ekusekeleni izinkonzo ezibucayi, inzuzo zezomnotho, kanye nezimpikiswano ezilawula isimiso sentela namuhla.

Iyini Intela?

Kuyo yonke intela ebotshelelwe uhulumeni ehlela abantu ngabanye, amabhizinisi, noma impahla. Ngokungafani nenkokhelo yokuzithandela noma intela yezinkonzo ezithile, intela iphoqelekile futhi ngokuvamile ayiboshelwa enzuzoni eqondile, esheshayo yomkhokhi. Kunalokho, ifakwa emalini esetshenziswayo ekusekeleni izimpahla zomphakathi nezinkonzo ezizuzisa umphakathi obanzi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekukhanyeni komgwaqo kuya ekulondekeni kwesizwe. Intela iqoqwa ngamazinga ahlukahlukene kahulumeni, umbuso, nemithetho yayo siqu, amanombolo, nezinjongo.

Umqondo wentela ungowasendulo, onomlando obonisa ukuqoqwa kwentela eMesopotamia eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-4000 edlule. Kwezezomnotho zanamuhla, intela ifeza imisebenzi eminingi: inyusa inzuzo, ingcebo ethengisekayo, ukuhluleka kwezentengo ezilungile (ngokwezintela ze-Pubouvian ezingcolise, ngokwesibonelo), futhi ithonya ukuziphatha kwezomnotho. Ukuxubana okukhethekile kwezinhlobo zentela nezingalo kubonisa izindinganiso zomphakathi, izinto eziza kuqala, nokungalawuleki phakathi kwempumelelo, ukulingana, nokungalingani.

Izinhlobo Zentela

Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza ekucaciseni indlela umthwalo wokuxhasa umphakathi ngezimali owabelwe ngayo kulo lonke elasezomnotho.

  • Intela ehlawulwayo: Intela ehholo lomuntu noma lomkhaya, kuhlanganise neholo, amaholo, ukutshala imali, nenzuzo yebhizinisi. Izimiso eziningi zentela zihamba phambili, okusho ukuthi abaholi bakhokhela kakhulu intela yemali yabo. E-United States, intela yemali ekhokhwayo iwumthombo omkhulu wemali kahulumeni, eqoqwe yi-International Revolution Service (IRS) ngaphansi kwe-IPM.
  • Intela: Ithengiselwa ukuthengwa kwezimpahla nezinkonzo lapho uthenga. Izintela zokuthengwa ngokuvamile ziyahlehla ngoba imikhaya ehlawulwa kancane ichitha ingxenye enkulu yemali yayo ezintweni ezikhokhelwayo. Izizwe eziningi zinciphisa izidingo ezinjengokudla nemithi ukuze zehlise umthwalo emikhayeni ehlawulwa phansi.
  • Intela ephucukileyo: Isekelwe entengo enqunyiweyo yendawo, kuhlanganise nendawo nezakhiwo. Intela yempahla ngokuyinhloko iwumthombo wemali yendawo, izimali ezikoleni zomphakathi, iminyango yomlilo, nezinkonzo zikamasipala. Intela ibekwa ohulumeni bendawo futhi ihlukahluka kakhulu ngokwezimiso.
  • [ Intela yezebhizinisi: Ithenjiwe ngokwenzuzo yamabhizinisi. Amazinga entela nemithetho kuthonya izinqumo zokutshala imali, ukusungulwa kwemisebenzi, nendawo izinkampani ezikhetha ukuyithola. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi intela yenkampani ingaholela ekukhokheleni intela ephindwe kabili (kusukela inzuzo iphinde ikhokhwe njengenzuzo yomuntu siqu), kuyilapho abasekeli bathi baqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlangano ezingenisa inzuzo zinikela ezinkokhelweni zomphakathi.
  • Intela engathi shubi: Intela eqondile ezintweni ezithile, njengophethiloli, utshwala, ugwayi, nezibhamu. Ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekunqandeni ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo eyingozi (intela yesono) noma ukuxhasa izisekelo ezihlobene nezimiso zemvelo (izintela zegesi zemigwaqo).
  • [ Intela ekhokhelwayo: Ithathelwe intela yeholo ifakelwe izinhlelo zomshuwalense wezenhlalo njenge-Social Security neMedicare e-U.S. zombili izisebenzi nabaqashi banikela, futhi lentela ivame ukufakwa emalini ethile eholweni.
  • intela yentela nezipho: ekudluliseleni ingcebo kwesinye isizukulwane kwenye. Lentela iyaphikisana kodwa ifeza indima ekunciphiseni ukugcwala kwengcebo.

Abenzi bemithetho kumelwe balinganisele lezi zici lapho beklama isimiso sentela esiphumelelayo nesingakhethi.

Indlela Intela Ekhokhwa Ngayo Izinkonzo Zendawo

Ohulumeni bendawo (izindawo, izikhungo, nezifunda) bafaka kakhulu imali yokukhokha izintela zempahla, intela yokuthengisa, nentela yokusebenzisa intela yokunikeza izinkonzo ezithinta ukuphila kwezakhamuzi kwansuku zonke. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kulandelana kwemali, imiphakathi ingazama ukulondoloza izimpahla eziyisisekelo zomphakathi. Uhlu olulandelayo lubonisa izinkonzo eziyinhloko zendawo ezikhokhelwa intela.

  • Imfundo: izikole zomphakathi ziyizindleko ezinkulu kakhulu kohulumeni bendawo. Intela yentela ikhokha amaholo othisha, izakhiwo zesikole, izincwadi zobuchwepheshe. Izincwadi zendawo, izinhlelo zemfundo zabadala, kanye nezinyathelo zokuqala zobuntwana zixhomeke emalini yentela. Ngokwe- Center yezemfundo yezwe yezemfundo , cishe 47% wezimali ze K-12 eU.S.
  • Ukuphepha kobuPublic: Iminyango yamaphoyisa, iziteshi zomlilo, izinkonzo zezokwelapha (EMS), kanye no-911 izikhungo zokuthumela iposi zixhaswa ngentela yendawo. Lezi zinkonzo zivikela ukuphila nempahla, zisabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo, futhi zibophelele imithetho. Izimali ezifanele ziqinisekisa izikhathi zokusabela ezisheshayo, imishini yanamuhla, nezisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe kahle.
  • Imigwaqo yendawo, amabhuloho, imigwaqwe, imigwaqwe, amabala asemgwaqweni, izimpawu zomgwaqo, nezimiso zamanzi zidinga ukugcinwa okuqhubekayo. Ukulungiswa nokwakhiwa okusha kukhokhelwa ngentela yempahla, izinqumo ezikhethekile, nemali kahulumeni enikeza izimali ezivame ukudinga imali yokuhlanganisa indawo. Isibonelo esisodwa yimakethe yesibopho kamasipala, lapho ohulumeni bendawo bekhipha khona izibopho ezisekelwe yintela ezikhwameni ezinkulu zemisebenzi emikhulu.
  • Amapaki omphakathi nezokuzilibazisa: amapaki omphakathi, izindawo zokudlala, izikhungo zomphakathi, imidlalo, namachibi okubhukuda ngokuvamile kuxhaswe ngenhlanganisela yentela yempahla nentela yepaki elinikezelwe. Lezi zindawo zithuthukisa izinga lokuphila, zithuthukisa imisebenzi engokomzimba, futhi zilungiselela izindawo zokubutha abantu. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ukusondela ezindaweni zokupaki kwandisa amazinga empahla, kwakha umjikelezo omuhle wenkokhelo yentela yentela nokutshala intela emphakathini.
  • Ukuhlawuliswa nokuphathwa kwemfucumfucu: ukuqoqwa kwemfucumfucu, izinhlelo zokubuyisela indle, ukuhlanzwa kwemigwaqo, nokususwa kweqhwa izinkonzo ezibalulekile ezigcina imiphakathi inempilo futhi iphephile. Lokhu kukhokhelwa ngentela yempahla noma ngenkokhelo yomsebenzisi.
  • Izindawo zokuthutha: amabhasi asendaweni, izitimela ezilula, nezimiso zesitimela ezihamba ngaphansi komhlaba zixhomeke enhlanganiseleni yemali edonswayo nentela yendawo. Izintela zokuthengwa kwempahla noma intela yempahla ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukwenza imisebenzi yokuthutha ibe ngeyangaphakathi, yenza ukuba izakhamuzi ezingakwazi ukushayela noma ukukhetha ukuba nemoto zikwazi ukukwazi ukuhamba.

Izinga lezinkonzo zendawo lihlobene ngokuqondile nempilo yesikhungo sentela sendawo. Uma izindinganiso zempahla zikhuphuka noma umsebenzi wezomnotho ukhula, intela iyakhula, ivumela imiphakathi ukuba ifake imali eyengeziwe.

Indlela Intela Ekhokhwa Ngayo Izinkonzo Zesizwe

Kuhulumeni, izinhlelo zezintela nezinkonzo ezihlanganisa lonke izwe neziza kuqala. Uhulumeni kahulumeni ngokuyinhloko uncike ezintelani zeholo (izisebenzi nenkampani) futhi ukhokha izintela ezibhalisayo ukuze kukhiqizwe izigidigidi zamaRandi adingekayo unyaka ngamunye. Lemali isetshenziswa ngenqubo yohlelo lwemali esetshenziswa minyaka yonke, okubonisa izinjongo ezingokomthetho zesizwe nezivumelwano zomphakathi.

  • I-National Defense and Security: Isigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke sokusebenzisa imali esetshenziswayo kuhlelo lwemali kahulumeni wase-U.S. isivikelo. Imali yentela ikhokhelwa amabutho (i-Army, i-Air Navy, i-Mur Force, i-Maneral, Space Force), izinhlangano zokuhlakanipha (CIA, NSA), ukulondeka kwezwe, nezinzuzo zolwazi oluphambili. Ukulondoloza isivikelo sesizwe singenye yemisebenzi eyisisekelo kahulumeni, njengoba ichazwe eMthethwe ngoMthetho-Mthethweni-sisekelo wezomthetho. Umnyango wezimali wezezimali wonyaka wama-2024 wabanga elingaphezulu cishe ngezigidi ezingu-20 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 (R3 000 000 000 000), isekelwe ngokuphelele ngenkongosi yemali kahulumeni nokuboshelwa.
  • Ukwengamela: Intela ye-Federal ixhasa izinhlelo ezinkulu zezempilo ezihlanganisa iMedicare (abantu abadala nabakhubazekile), i-Medicaid (abantu abathola imali encane nemikhaya), neNhloko yezingane yezempilo yoMshuwalense (CHIP). Lezinhlelo zinikeza amashumi ezigidi zamaMelika intengo yezempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intela yenkokheli yeNational Institutes of Health (NIH) yokucwaninga ngezifo, izikhungo zezempilo (CDC) zempilo yomphakathi, ne-Fod and Drug Ad Administration (F) yomthetho) yokuphepha.
  • Ukulondeka okubalulekile: ngokuyinhloko kuthengwa ngokukhokha intela, ukulondeka kwezenhlalaphansi kunikeza iholo lomhlalaphansi, izinzuzo zabasindi, nomshuwalense wokukhubazeka. Kungenye yezinhlelo zikahulumeni ezithandwa kakhulu nezibalulekile, ukuphakamisa izigidi zasebekhulile ebumpofwini. ISocial Security Trust Fund ithola imali ekhokhelwayo, ekhokhwa abangeneli ngokwenzuzo esekelwe eholweni elithathelwe ukuphila konke.
  • Isakhiwo sokulungisa nokuthutha: Uhulumeni utshala izimali emigwaqweni emikhulu yesizwe (isimiso somgwaqo omkhulu we-Intertate), izikhumulo zezindiza, izitimela zesitimela (Amtrak), izikhumulo zemikhumbi, nemisele yemifula. IHighway Trust Fund, ixhaswe ngentela yegesi kahulumeni, ukwakhiwa kwezimali namabhuloho. UFederal unikeza futhi usizo lwamazwe nezindawo ezakha izakhiwo ezinkulu zesakhiwo sezesisekelo sezakhiwo.
  • Imfundo nokucwaninga: Nakuba imfundo ngokuyinhloko iyisibopho sombuso nesendawo, uhulumeni unikeza imali ephawulekayo ngemali ngemali yemali, imali ebolekwa abafundi, nangezinhlelo zokucwaninga. UMnyango Wemfundo uhambisa iSihlokwana I ezikoleni ezithola imali ephansi, neNational Science Foundation nezinye izinhlangano zisekela ukucwaninga kwezesayensi emayunivesithi.
  • Izinhlelo ze Infit Security and Welfare: Izinhlelo ezinjenge-Someral Nutrition Application Program (SNAP, izitembu zokudla ngaphambili), usizo lwezindlu, umshuwalense wokuswelakala, kanye neholo lentela yentela (EITC) zixhaswa yintela kahulumeni. Lezinhlelo zinikeza isivikelo kubantu abasengozini futhi zisiza ekuqinisekiseni umnotho phakathi nokwehla kwezomnotho.
  • Ubulungisa noMthetho: izinkantolo zeFoderal, amajele, iFBI, i-Drug Inforcement Administration (DEA), nezinye izinhlangano zokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa komthetho zixhaswe ngemali ewu - R1. Lezi zinhlangano zimisa imithetho kahulumeni, izigebengu ezijeziswayo, futhi zivikela ukulondeka kwesizwe.
  • Izindaba zamazwe ngamazwe:[ Imisebenzi yezobuzwe, iminikelo yezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke (njengeZizwe Ezihlangene), kanye nezinyathelo zezempilo zembulunga yonke zixhaswa ngezimali ngentela. Nakuba ngokuvamile kuphikiswana, lokhu kutshala imali kungathuthukisa ukuzinza nentuthuko yezomnotho kwamanye amazwe, okungazuzisa izithakazelo ze-U.S.

Iphuzu eliyinhloko liwukuthi ngaphandle kwenkokhelo yentela, akukho nanye yalezi zinkonzo zesizwe ebezingaba khona ngokwesilinganiso samanje.

Umphumela Ongokwezimali Wentela

Intela ayiyona nje indlela yokukhuphula imali; inethonya elikhulu ekuziphatheni kwezomnotho nemiphumela.

Ukusebenzisa Imali Nabantu Abayithengayo Nemali Engenanzuzo

Intela eholayo umuntu eholayo inciphisa ngokuqondile iholo elilahlwayo . Intela ekhokhelwayo ithatha ingxenye enkulu kubasebenzeli abaphezulu, kanti intela eyisicaba noma ekhokhelwayo ithatha ingxenye enkulu kubaholi abaphansi. Ukushintsha kwentela kungashintsha indlela yokusebenzisa imali: ukukwehlisa intela kungathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwentela ngesikhathi esifushane, kuyilapho ukwanda kwentela kungase kunciphise isidingo. Umphumela oqhubekayo usho ukuthi ukushintsha kokusetshenziswa kwemali ezomnotho, okuthinta amabhizinisi nomsebenzi.

Intela ethengiswayo ithinta futhi abantu abathengayo. Izintela eziphezulu zokuthengisela izimpahla ezithile (njengezinto zokunethezeka) zinganciphisa ukuthengwa kwazo, kuyilapho ukungakhokhelwa okudingekile kusiza imiphakathi ethola imali encane. Ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaholelwa kancane bavame ukusebenzisa imali engcono kakhulu eholweni labo, izintela zokuthengisa zibhekwa njengezincitshisiwe ngaphandle kokuba zincitshiswe yimali yokuthenga noma ukuhoxa.

Ukutshala Ibhizinisi Nokuziphatha Okunethonya

Ithonya lentela elilawulayo lapho izinkampani zikhetha ukuthola khona, ukuthi zitshala malini, nezinqumo zazo zokuqasha. Amazinga aphakeme entela yenkampani ngokuphathelene namanye amazwe angakhuthaza ukushintshela emahhovisi aphansi aphethe intela, isici esaziwa ngokuthi ukunyuswa kwentela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izisusa zentela eziphayo zenza kube nokunyuka kwenani eliphambili, ukucwaninga nokukhokha izikweletu zezentengo, noma ukukhokha intela embonini, imishini, kanye nokusungula.

Izikhulu zizuza izintela (amantela enzuzo yokuthengisa impahla efana namasheya) athinta izinqumo zokutshala imali. Amazinga aphansi angokongamela akhuthaza ukuthatha izingozi nokushintsha kwempahla, kodwa futhi angase afake igalelo ekungalinganini kwengcebo. I-Tax Cuts ne Jobs Act ka-2017 e-U.S. yehlisa izinga lentela yenkampani kusukela ku 35% kuya ku-21%, ngenjongo yokuthuthukisa ukutshala imali ekhaya. Ucwaningo lwakuqala lwabonisa ukwanda okulinganiselwe kwezentengo yebhizinisi, nakuba imiphumela emide isaphikisana.

Ukusebenza Nemisebenzi

Intela eholayo ithinta izinqumo zabantu ngabanye ukuthi kufanele basebenze yini, amahora amangaki okusebenza, futhi noma yini efuna ukuphishekela imfundo eyengeziwe noma ukuqeqeshwa. Izinga lentela eliphansi kakhulu linganciphisa isikhuthazo sokusebenza noma ukuthola imali eyengeziwe, ikakhulukazi kubasebenzeli abangaphansi ekhaya. Nokho, ukunwebeka kwemisebenzi kushintshahluka kakhulu ngokweqembu (umz., abaholi abaqalayo basebenza ngokubhalisa amahora. abasebenzi abaphansi). I-Infeed Inhoold Inhoond Reace (EITC) iyisibonelo senqubo yokwandisa ukungenela kwezisebenzi ezisebenzayo ezingenisa imali ephansi ngokunikeza izikweletu zemali ezikhokhelwayo.

Ukulondoloza Nokutshala Imali

Intela ngenzalo, inzuzo, kanye nenzuzo etholakalayo ithonya ekulondolozeni ukuziphatha. Ukuthatha umhlalaphansi okunjengo 401 (k) no-IRA kunikeza izinzuzo zentela ukukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwentela isikhathi eside. Ukuhweba phakathi kokukhokha intela yokukhokha manje (intela yokuthengisa) kuphikisana nokukhokha intela yesikhathi esizayo (intela yemali ekhokhwayo ebhayweni) iyindaba eyinhloko ekuklanyweni kwenqubo yentela. Izazi zezomnotho eziningi ziphikisana ngokuqhubekela ekukhokheni intela ekhukhweni ukuze zigweme ukukhokha isijeziso, nakuba izinselele zokukhokha intela ezikhona.

Ukuzinziswa kwezomnotho eMacro

Isimiso sentela ngokuzenzekelayo siqinisa umnotho. Uma ukuchuma kwezomnotho, inzuzo inyuka, isunduzela abantu emabhukwini entela ephakeme nentela eyandayo, epholisa isidingo. Phakathi nokwehla kwemali, ukuwa kwemali nemisebenzi abanye abantu, ukunciphisa umthwalo wabo wentela nokunikeza umcamelo. Lokhu kulungisa ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokufuna umthetho omusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthetho wentela onqumayo (umz., ukuncishiswa kwentela yesikhashana) kungasetshenziswa ukukhuthaza ukuchuma kwezomnotho.

Izinselele Nezikhungo Ezizungezile

Naphezu kwesidingo sazo, ngokuvamile intela iyindaba yempikiswano eshubile.

  • Intela inciphisa inzuzo kanye nokugwema: Intela ilinganisela igebe lentela laminyaka yonke (imali ekhokhwayo noma impahla ekhokhwayo ngokusemthethweni ukugwema ukukhokha izintela yizigidi zezigidi zohulumeni. /intela igwenywa, usebenzisa izikhalazo ezingokomthetho, inciphisa inzuzo. IMIS ilinganisela igebe lentela laminyaka yonke (umehluko phakathi kwentela eboletwayo nekhokhwakhwa) ngaphezu ko $600 . Ukukhokha amashela, izinkampani eziseshini, nezikhungo zezinhlangano zezinhlangano eziyinkimbinkimbi kuyazikhulula futhi kugweme, ukushaya intela eqinile kanye nokubambisana kwezizwe zonke nge-OECDons EBECES (EFY).
  • Ukukhokha nokukhokha intela: Umbuzo wokuthi ubani okufanele athwale umthwalo wentela uphakathi. Umqondo wokuthena okungalingani usikisela ukuthi labo abanekhono elikhulu lokukhokha kufanele banikele okwengeziwe (intela ethuthukisiwe). Ukulingana kusho ukuthi abantu abakwizimo ezifanayo kufanele bakhokhe izilinganiso ezifanayo. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi isimiso samanje sithanda abacebile ngokwezingalo ezithandwayo eziphambili ezingcono futhi bathwale inzalo, kuyilapho amakhaya anezingasikhokhisi zentela eziphezulu kakhulu eziphuma emhodeni nasentengweni. Impikiswano phakathi kwentela eyisikwelebhulo, intela ekhokhelwayo, intela ethatha indawo engaphezulu, nokukhokhwa kwentela kuyaqhubeka.
  • Imithetho yokukhokhela izimali neHlomelo Lentela: Izinhlelo zikahulumeni zokukhokha intela, kodwa ukungavumelani ngamazinga okusebenzisa imali nezinto eziza kuqala akunakugwenywa. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi amazinga aphakeme entela anciphisa ukukhula kwengxenye yezezimali, kuyilapho abanye bephikisa ngokuthi ukutshala kwezemfundo, impilo, nokuchuma kwezemfundo. Izikweletu zesizwe nokuncithakazela kwentela kuthinta futhi izingxoxo zenqubo yentela.
  • Ukuhlelwa kwentengo nentengo: Imithetho yentela yase-U.S. iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, inezinkulungwane zamakhasi emithetho nezinhlobo ezingenakubalwa. Abantu namabhizinisi bachitha isikhathi esiningi nemali ekulungiseleleni intela nokuhlela. Intengo ilinganisela ukuthi amaMelika achitha amahora ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8,1 ngonyaka ehambisana nemithetho yentela, ibiza izigidi zezigidi zezigidi zezomnotho. Izicelo zokwakha, njengentela eyisicaba noma isimiso sokukhokha esikhululekile, ngokuvamile abhekana nokuphikiswa kwezombangazwe emaqenjinini ezentengiselwano okuzuza inzuzo.
  • Imithetho yentela elawulayo: inqubo yentela ingokwemvelo yezombangazwe, iphethe amaqembu kanye nabafuna ukuthatha izikhundla ekusikweni kwentela, ukwanda kwentela, nokuguqulwa. I Treade-express phakathi kwentela ehlisayo ukuze ikhuthaze ukukhula nokugcinwa kwemali yezinhlelo isihloko esingapheli. Amavoter avame ukuveza ukusekela izintela eziphansi kakhulu kuyilapho evikela izinhlelo ezithile ezikhethekile ezizazisayo, kuholela ekususeni inqubo yokwaziswa kanye nentambo ye-project.

Ikusasa Lokukhokha Intela

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe, inani labantu, kanye nezimiso zezomnotho kushintshashintsha, izimiso zentela kumelwe zizivumelanise nokusebenza nokulingana.

  • Intela ye-Digital Economy: Ukukhula kwemikhulu yobuchwepheshe enjenge-Google, i-Amazon, ne Facebook kuye kwadalula izikhala emithethweni yentela engokwesiko exhomeke ekube khona ngokoqobo. Amazwe amaningi asebenzisa izintela zemisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe (i-DST) noma asekela isiphakamiso se-OECD sentela elinganiselwe yembulunga yonke ezinkampanini zomhlaba wonke. Lemizamo ifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhizinisi emisebenzi emisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe akhokhela isabelo sawo esifanele lapho abasebenzisi bawo bekhona.
  • Intela yekhabhoni noma ye-capte-trade isetshenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni ukushintsha isimo sezulu ngokubeka intengo ekhipha igesi eshisayo. IBhange le World libika ukuthi kusukela ngo-2024, izinyathelo zokusungula ikhabhoni ezingaphezu kuka-70 zisendaweni yomhlaba wonke[[. Intela yemvelo inganyusa inzuzo lapho ithuthukisa amandla ahlanzekile nemisebenzi. Ezinye izicelo zihlanganisa intela yekharbonbon ukuze ibuyiselwe ekulungiseni imiphumela yemibangeni.
  • Intela yezentengiselwano nefa: Ukungalingani okukhulayo kuye kwavuselela isithakazelo ekukhokheleni ingcebo ngokuqondile. Intela ye-net efanelekile ikhona emazweni amaningana aseYurophu, futhi i-U.S. iye yaphikisana ngezihlongozo zemali eyibhiliyoni noma intengo yonyaka yemali ekhokhelwa amasheya amaningi. Izinselele zihlanganisa ukulinganisela ubunzima, ukuhamba ngendiza yenhloko-gazi, nemibuzo yomthetho-mthetho. Ifa nentela yezindawo kubhekene futhi nokumelana nokumelana okuqhubekayo kwezombangazwe.
  • Imishini ezenzekelayo ne-Gig Economy: Njengoba imishini ithatha indawo yezinhlobo ezithile zemisebenzi futhi izisebenzi eziningi zisebenza ngesihle, izivumelwano, noma umsebenzi osekelwe emgangathweni, izinhlelo zentela kumelwe zivumelane. Izentengiselwano zezezimali ngokuvamile zihlanganisa izibopho zentela eziyinkimbinkimbi nokuzikhokhela intela nokubika okuhlukene. Ukunciphisa intela nokugodlela izisebenzi ezizimele ukwaziswa kuyinto yokuqala ezimeleni eziningi zentela.
  • Global Thost Cooperation: Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kwenza kube lula ngezinhlangano nabantu abacebile ukuguqula inzuzo nempahla emngceleni. Isivumelwano samuva se-EECD senani lentela yembulunga yonke yemali elinganiselwe engu-15% simelela izinyathelo ezinkulu eziya emithethweni yentela ehlelekile. Nokho, ukuhlelwa nokugcinwa kwentela kuhlala kuyinselele, futhi ukuncintisana phakathi kwamazwe ngenxa yentengo kuyaqhubeka.
  • Ubuchwepheshe nokuzihlela: Intuthuko ekwazisweni, ewubuhlakani, ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa, nokuvimbela ukulawulwa kwentela. Izigwebo zentela ezigcwalisiwe, ukukhokha kwangempela, ukubika ngezikhathi zangempela, nokukhetha ukubheka izibalo ngemishini kunganciphisa imithwalo ehambisanayo nokuqinisekisa. Amanye amazwe, njenge-Estonia, aye aqala ukuphayona ngokugcwele izimiso zezibalo zentela. E-U.S., i-IRS i-irS iguqula ubuchwepheshe bayo ngaphansi komthetho we-Inflaisentiation Reduction Act.
  • Iziphathimandla zentela zisebenzisa kakhulu izomnotho ukuze zithuthukise ukuthobela. Izinguquko ezilula njengokuthumela izincwadi ezikhumbuzayo, amafomu alula, noma ukwenza ukuqoqa kube lula kakhulu ukuthatha isikhathi futhi kunciphise amaphutha. Lokhu kungenela okuphansi kuyingxenye yokuthambekela okukhulu kwenqubo yentela esekelwe kubufakazi.

Isiphetho

Intela ingaphezu kakhulu kwentengo yaminyaka yonke ehholweni. Inqubo izakhamuzi eziqoqa ngayo izinkonzo nesisekelo esisekela ukuphila kwanamuhla. Kusukela ebhodini lesikole sendawo kuya emshinini wesizwe wezokuvikela, amadollar entela enza kube nokwenzeka ukuthengwa komphakathi okungeke kube khona emakethe yangasese. Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwentela kuhilela ukulinganisela okuncane phakathi kokunyusa imali eyanele nokunciphisa ukuhlanekezelwa kwezomnotho, kanye nokulunga nokusebenza kahle.

Ukuhlanganyela nesimiso sentela − kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ngokuvota, ukukhulumela komphakathi, noma ngengxoxo enikezwa ulwazi-lwazi---"iwumthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi. Isimiso sentela esihlelwe kahle singathuthukisa ukukhuphuka kwezomnotho, ukunciphisa ukungalingani, futhi sisekele izinkonzo ezithuthukisa izinga lokuphila. Njengoba isimiso somnotho sishintsha, kanjalo nakanjani kumelwe sivumelane nobuchwepheshe obusha, izinselele zembulunga yonke, kanye nezinga lokushintsha kwezenhlalo. Ngokuqaphela kokubili izinzuzo nezinkimbinkimbiso, izakhamuzi zinganezela ekuthuthukiseni ikusasa elingcono nelilinganayo.