Isingeniso: Imininingwane Njengenkemba Embalwe Kabili Emfundweni Yase - Ireland

Ukuhlanganiswa kokwaziswa eqenjini lemfundo lase-Ireland kuye kwanda ngokushesha phakathi neshumi leminyaka elidlule. Izikole manje zihlola yonke into kusukela kwabakhona nasemisebenzini yezemfundo kuya ekufundeni nge-intanethi ye-intanethi yezobuchwepheshe, ngisho nakukwaziswa okuphathelene nesayensi yesayensi yezobuchwepheshe. Isithembiso sale mininingwane siyashukumisa: izindlela zolwazi eziphambili, ukungenela kwakuqala kwabafundi abalwayo, ukuqoqwa kwemali engcono, kanye nenqubo yobufakazi obusekelwe kulelizwe. Nokho, yona leyo mininingwane enganika abafundisi amandla futhi iphakamisa imibuzo enzulu engokokuziphatha – ethinta imvume yolwazi, ukulondeka, ukulondeka, kanye namandla ama-interniters anamandla phakathi kwezikole, imikhaya, nobuchwepheshe.

Umongo oyingqayizivele we-Ireland unezela izingqimba zobunkimbinkimbi bezemfundo. I-DPC] iphoqelela i-General Data Protection Regation (GDPR) kanye ne-Irrish Tech Devition Act, emise inkathi yemvume yezibalo ngo-16, lapho abafundi abaningi bengaphansi kwe-Data Province Commission (DPR) [indawo yemfundo], lapho lokhu kwakha ulwembu oluxubile ngokukhethekile lwamalungelo obuzali, i-impatho, nemithwalo yezemisebenzi. Ngalesosikhathi, i-Activement yemfundo yezemfundo ikhiphe khona isiqondiso ekuvikeleni izikole, kodwa ukushintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kuveza ukuvuselelwa kwe-fuzenyuko. Njengomphumela, nakuhlelwa kwendlela ehlelekile.

Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela eyinhloko yokucabangela ukuqoqwa kokwaziswa emfundweni yase - Ireland, sihlole ukungezwani phakathi kwezinzuzo nezingozi, futhi sinikeze imikhuba emihle kakhulu engasiza izinhlangano ukuba zisekele umoya nencwadi yomthetho wezokwaziswa kuyilapho zinikeza imiphumela engcono kubafundi.

Ukuqonda Ukuqoqwa Kokwaziswa Emfundweni Yase - Ireland

Izimiso zemfundo zanamuhla zithola ukwaziswa emithonjeni ehlukahlukene:

  • [ Izimiso zokuphatha i-Scool [i-SMS] njenge-Ours, Podio, noma VSware ibamba inani labafundi ababa khona, amaqoqo ezikhathi, nezindaba zabafundi.
  • Izimiso zokuphatha ukufunda [LMS] njenge-Google Cloam, Microsoft Amaqembu, ne Moodle iscreens joves, i-mibnox, nengxoxo.
  • Imfundo yemfundo esemthethweni kanye namapulatifomu okuhlola (umzk., Folens, CJFallon) landela intuthuko yokufunda nezindlela zokuphendula.
  • Amathuluzi angcono awezehlakalo eziqoshiwe, ama-header, kanye namaphuzu avela ku-National Educational Psychological Service (NEPS).
  • Schoolûissed systems kanye nemibhoshosho ye WiąFi zingabamba ukudlulisa umlando, indawo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesisetshenziswa sesisetshenziswa.

Ngisho nangaphambi kobhadane, umthamo wokwaziswa okhiqizwa umfundi ngamunye uye wakhula ngokulandelana. Ukushintshela ekufundeni okuphuthumayo kusuka ekude ngo-2020-2021 kwasheshisa ukusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi emishini, amaningi awo ayaqhubeka esetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni noma ezimisweni ze-"%person. Lo kwaziswa akusetshenziswa ezikoleni ngazinye; ngokuvamile kuhlanganyelwa noMnyango wemfundo yezwe, kanye nezikhungo zokucwaninga zezifundo zemfundo, kanye nabathengisi abanikeza amapulatifomu angaphansi.

Inselele yezimiso zokuziphatha iqala lapha: lapho kuqoqwa ukwaziswa okwengeziwe, kulapho kusethubeni eliningi lokuchaza khona ukuphila komuntu osemusha, ukubhekana kwakhe nezifundo eziningi, ukusebenzelana kwakhe nabanye, isimo esingokomzwelo ngisho nasekhaya.

Imbangela Yokukhathazeka Okungokomzimba

Ukuzifihla Nokuvuma

Isisekelo seqoqo lokwaziswa kwezimiso zokuziphatha yimvume enikezwa ngolwazi. Ngaphansi kwe-GDPR, imvume kumelwe inikezwe ngokukhululekile, icacile, futhi ivuleke. Esimweni semfundo, lokhu kugcwele izinkinga. Abafundi nabazali babo bangase bazizwe becindezelwa ukuba bavume – cishe, ukukhetha ipulatifomu lokufunda esikoleni ngokubanzi kungase kusho ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi wesikole wesikole noma imisebenzi yesikole.

I-Diamon Protection Act yase-Ireland 2018 imisa inkathi yemvume yezibalo eneminyaka engu-16. Kubafundi abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-16, imvume kumelwe itholakale kumzali noma umnakekeli. Kodwa yini “oyiyo” eyenzekayo? Abazali bavame ukunikezwa ngezimiso eziqinile zomuntu siqu ezibhalwe ngolimi olungokomthetho, kuyilapho abafundi - ikakhulukazi intsha – abangase baqonde ngokugcwele ukuthi imininingwane yabo izosetshenziswa kanjani, igcinwe, noma yahlangane. Izikole eziningi zithembele engosini eyodwa yengubo yokuvumelana konyaka, ehluleka ukuthatha umehluko wemininingwane ehlukahlukene esetshenziswa (umz. g. ngaphakathi kwe-alytics vs. kuhlanganyela nabathathu abadayisi).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqondo “wokuvuma okusheshayo” – lapho abantu bengalungisa khona lokho abakuthandayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi – akuvamile ukufezwa. Uma umfundi noma umzali esevumele, ngokuvamile akunandlela yokukukhipha ngenxa yezinjongo ezithile ngaphandle kokuphazamisa konke okuhlangenwe nakho komfundi kobuchwepheshe.

Ukuze kuxoxwe ngalezi zinkinga, izikole kumelwe zidlule ngalé kohlu lokuhlola olugunyaziwe. Kufanele zifake imali ngokuxhumana okucacile, okungafanelekile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kokwaziswa, zinikeze izindlela zokuvumelana ezilandelanayo (isizk., zikhethe ama-alytics v. zikhethe amarekhodi emfundo agunyaziwe, futhi zakhe izindlela ezilula zokuyeka noma ukuguqula imvume.

Ukulondeka kwemininingwane

Ingxenye yemfundo yase-Ireland isiyitholile imiphumela yokungalondeki kokwaziswa okunele. NgoMatshi 2022, uMnyango Wezemfundo wahlaselwa kakhulu ngokuncishiswa kwesihlengo okwaphazamisa ukwaziswa komuntu siqu kwezinkulungwane zabafundi bamanje nabangaphambili, kuhlanganise namagama, amakheli, nokwaziswa kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kuhlasela kwaphazamisa imisebenzi yesikole futhi kwaqeda ukwethemba komphakathi ikhono lokuvikela ukwaziswa kwentsha okuzwelayo.

Izenzakalo ezinjalo azizona ezedwa. Izikole ngokuvamile azinazo amaqembu okuvikela anikezelwe anikezelwayo futhi zingenamali izinhlangano zezimali noma abagcini bezempilo abangayithenga. Zithembele engxubevangeni yezimiso zefa, izinkonzo zamafu ezinesimo sokuphepha esihlukene, nangaphansi kwezisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe. Izinqubo ezivamile zihlanganisa ukuphoqelela okubuthakathaka, ukuntuleka kwesiqiniseko esiqinile, izinhlelo ze-software ezingagunyaziwe, nokungalinganiswa kokwaziswa phakathi kweminyango noma abantu abasebenza nabo ngaphandle.

Lapho isikole siqoqa ukwaziswa okunemininingwane enengqondo mayelana nokukhubazeka kwengqondo noma ukufunda, kuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo wokuvikela lokho kwaziswa ekudalulikeni. Ukudilikelwa kungaba nemiphumela ehlala njalo, kuhlanganise nokwebiwa kwamagama, ihlazo lomphakathi, noma ukucwaswa.

Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zezikole zase-Ireland zihlanganisa ukuphatha izilinganiso zokuphepha ezivamile, ukufingqa ukwaziswa kokubili ekuthutheni nasemini yokuphumula, ukusebenzisa iziqondiso eziqinile zokungena ezisekelwe ekudingweni kwe-protoquite, nokunikeza ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kweze-inthanethi kuzo zonke izisebenzi. i-DPC futhi igcizelela ukubaluleka kokuba necebo lokuthatha i-memory edistion endaweni, kanye nokuveza abantu abathintekile kanye nomlawuli phakathi namahora angu-7 ukuqaphela ukudilika.

Injongo Nokusetshenziswa Kwayo

Ukwaziswa okuqoqwe ngenjongo eyodwa efanelekile kungangena kalula ekusebenziseni okungakaze kulindelwe – noma kuvunyelwe - yizihloko zokwaziswa. Lento, eyaziwa ngokuthi “imisebenzi,” iyisici esiyinhloko esikhathalela imfundo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukwaziswa okuqoqwe yiNational Educational Psychological Service (NEPS) ukusekela ingane enezidingo ezithile zokufunda kungasetshenziswa kamuva isikole ukuthuthelela abafundi emaqenjini amakhono, noma ukuhlukanisa “a - At 67risk” abafundi abangenela imingcele ecacile. Ngaphandle kwemingcele, ukwaziswa okwakuhloselwe ukusiza ukuba kube yithuluzi lokuhlola nokulawula.

Izingozi zezentengiselwano ziyingozi kakhulu. Amapulatifomu amaningi akhululekile noma aphansi ancike ekufakeni ukwaziswa komsebenzisi - ukuze kukhangiswe, intuthuko, noma ukubuyiselwa. Nakuba izikole zingasayina izivumelwano ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa okunjalo, iqiniso liwukuthi abathengisi bavame ukukwazi ukuthola ukwaziswa okuningi kokuziphatha, futhi ukugcinwa kwama-readtings asebenzisa izivumelwano kubuthakathaka. I-gnome engokokuziphatha kuyafinyela uma imouse yomfundi ichofoza, amakhisidi, noma ngisho nezinkulumo zobuso zibanjwa “ngemithetho edingayo” futhi zifakwe emuva ezifanekisweni ze-proprietary.

Ukuze zilondoloze ubuqotho bezimiso zokuziphatha, izikhungo zemfundo kumelwe zithathe isimiso esiqinile sokunciphisa injongo: ukwaziswa kufanele kuqoqwe kuphela ngenxa yezinjongo ezicacisiwe, ezicacile, nezingokomthetho, futhi akufanele kulungiswe ngokuqhubekayo ngendlela ephambene nalezo zinjongo. Zonke izinhlelo zokwaziswa kufanele zihambisane ne-data Effectal Protection Assessment (DPIA) eveza izingozi ezingase zibekwe futhi zilungise umsebenzi ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikole kufanele zifune ukuba abadayisi basayine izivumelwano zokumisa imininingwane ezivimbela ukusetshenziswa kokugcina imininingwane yabafundi, futhi kufanele ziqhube ama-Adistrucie avamile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvuma.

Ukulinganisela Izinzuzo Nezingozi

Impikiswano esekelwe emfundisweni yezimiso zokuziphatha ayiyona into ekhethwayo phakathi kwentuthuko nokungafihli. Imininingwane, uma iphathwa ngendlela esobala nenobuhlakani, ingaletha izinzuzo ezishintshayo:

  • [ Ukufunda okungaqondakali – amapulatifomu avumelanisayo angavumelanisa okuqukethwe nejubane nezidingo zomfundi ngamunye, isiza ekuvaleni amagebe okufinyelela.
  • [ Ukungenela kwasekuqaleni [--Analytics kungathatha abafundi abawela emuva noma ababonisa izimpawu zokulahla, okwenza ukuba kusekelwe ngesikhathi esifanele kothisha nabaphathi bezeluleko.
  • Imithombo elinganayo[ – Imininingwane ehlangene isiza izikole noMnyango wemfundo unikezela ngemali, izisebenzi zokufundisa, kanye nezinto zokwakha lapho zidingeka kakhulu khona.
  • Isimiso sokulawula esisekelwe ku- - Umfutho we-data we-Longitudin uthatha ithonya lezenzo zesizwe, njenge-Digital Strategy for Schools, futhi yazise ukutshala izimali esikhathini esizayo.

Kodwa izingozi zingokoqobo ngokufanayo. Iqoqo le-data elingakaqondiseki lingaholela ekuhloleni nasekufakeni i-placer - umfundi angase ahlotshaniswe unomphela ngokuthi “ukungalinganiseki” okusekelwe emibhalweni yokuqala, engenalo ithuba lokukhula noma umongo. Ingafaka umehluko wokuhlola [[FLT:]], lapho abafundi benomuzwa wokuthi konke ukuchofoza kuyalawulwa futhi kwahlulelwe, kunciphisa izisusa zomzimba nokukhathazeka. Kukhona futhi nengozi ye-[FLT:] u-divscration[[FLT] [[FLT]] [FLT:]]:]: imilalgo: ukucwala iveza ngokunganaki ukucwasana okukhona emniniyo, ukuhlupha abafundi abambalwa abambalwa abanezimo ezingeni.

Mhlawumbe ngokunyenya kakhulu, ukuba khona kwalo kanye ukuqoqwa kokwaziswa okukhulu kungadala ithonya eliphazamisayo ekuziphatheni komfundi. Uma osemusha azi umlando wakhe wokufuna, imiyalezo engasese epulatifomu yesikole, noma ukuhlanganyela ezingxoxweni ezibucayi kungase kubukezwe iziphathimandla zesikole, zingazihlolela zona ngokwazo, zigweme ukucela usizo, noma ukulahla ulwazi ngokufunda ngokuphelele.

Ukulinganisa kudinga okungaphezu nje kokuvikela obuchwepheshe; kudinga ukushintshwa kwempucuko ezikoleni. othisha kumelwe babheke ukwaziswa hhayi njengomthombo weqiniso elingenakuphikwa, kodwa njengethuluzi okumelwe lisetshenziswe ngokuthobeka, ukuqapha, nokugxila njalo ekuthuthukiseni okuhle komfundi ngamunye.

Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Yokuqoqwa Kwemininingwane Yesayensi

Ukuguqulela izimiso zokuziphatha endleleni yokuphila yansuku zonke kuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu ezikhungweni zokufundisa zase - Ireland.

Thola Ukuvuma Okuqotho

Imvume kubafundi abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-16 kumelwe idlule ngalé kwekhizane. Izikole kufanele ziqale amafomu okuvumelana okusobala okuchaza ukuthi ikuphi ukwaziswa okuqoqiwe, kungani, okuhlanganyelwayo, isikhathi esigcinweyo, namalungelo anawo ukwaziswa. Kubafundi abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-16, abazali kumelwe bazitholele lezizinto ngamagama acacile. Kubafundi abangaphezu kwengu-16, izikole zingazifaka ngokuqondile ngezincazelo zeminyaka engafanelekile. Cabangela ukunikeza ama-practom ahlukene ukuze kusetshenziswe ukwaziswa okungalingani – umz.g., elinye lamarekhodi emfundo, elinye lamarekhodi emfundo e-alytic, futhi elesithathu lokuhlanganyela kwesithathu kwe-partic plative.

Ukusebenzisa Imithetho Yokwaziswa Eqinile

Ukuphepha akuwona umsebenzi owodwa wesikhathi esingu-66. Izikole kufanele zidinge ukuqinisekiswa okuningi kuwo wonke ama-akhawunti okuthola ukwaziswa okuzwelayo, ukuphoqelela izimiso zomngenisi eziqinile, futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi zonke izisetshenziswa ne-software kulungiswa ngokushesha. Ukwaziswa kufanele kubhalwe ngokufingqiwe lapho kuphumula nalapho kuhanjiswa. Uhlelo lokungena kufanele lube lugcwele – uthisha akadingi ukubona amanothi okuziphatha abafundi kwamanye amakilasi, futhi umphathi wesikole akudingedingeki abheke amarekhodi omfundi wezokwelapha. Ukuhlola nokuqapha njalo nokuqeqesha ukuqapha kokwazisa kufanele kube yisibopho kuzo zonke izisebenzi.

Wagcine Okudingekayo Kuphela (Ukwenezela Okuncane)

Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiliphi iqoqo lokwaziswa elisha, buza: “Ingabe le mininingwane idingeka ngempela ukuze kufezwe injongo yemfundo engenakuhlangatshezwa ngezindlela ezimbalwa?” Ukuqoqa ukwaziswa “uma kunjalo” kuyindlela yokukhuculula izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Hlola amasu akhona adwetshwa njalo futhi asuse noma akhiphe ukwaziswa okungasadingwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-ogalk aluhlaza asuka esikoleni i-Wiàfi akumelwe agcinwe isikhathi eside kunokudingeka ekuhlolweni kwezokuvikelwa kwezokuvikelwa kwezokusebenza kwezokusebenza kwezokuzenzela izinto.

Gcina Ukubona Okuqondile Ngokusetshenziswa Kwemininingwane Nokuhlanganyela

Ukubona gcaluza akugcini kuphela enkambisweni yezindaba zomuntu siqu embozwe yingosi yesikole. Kusho ukuxoxa nabafundi nabazali ngendlela yokwaziswa okusetshenziswa ngayo, ikakhulukazi uma kusungulwa amathuluzi amasha noma amapulatifomu. Izikole kufanele zinyathelise ibalazwe elibonisa ukuhanjiswa kokwaziswa okusuka eqoqweni kuya ekucimeni, futhi kufanele kube nokwaziswa kwakusihlwa kwaminyaka yonke ukuze kuhambele abazali emikhubeni yokwaziswa yesikole. Uma ukwaziswa kuhlanganyelwa namalungu amathathu – umz.

Imiphumela Yokuvikelwa Kwemininingwane Yokuziphatha (DPIAS)

Njengoba i-DPI ingeyena nje umthetho osemthethweni; iyithuluzi elinamandla lokubonisa isimilo. Izikole kufanele ziqhube i-PICA ngaphambi kokwamukela noma yimuphi umsebenzi omkhulu wokulungisa ukwaziswa, njengokuvula i-alytics plat, ukuhlanganisa inani lezinto eziphila ngokulinganayo, noma ukuqala ukuhlola kwesikole. I-DPIA kufanele ihlanganise abafaki mingcele (abafundisi, abazali, abafundi, uma kufanele) futhi ibhale izingozi, ukulinganisela, nokulunga lomsebenzi. I-DPC inikeza amathematikethili nesiqondiso se-DPPC ku-USC ku-DC ngokuyilungisa ngokukhethekile.

I - apulaster Iwumkhuba Wokusetshenziswa Kwemininingwane Yesayensi Yezitho Zokuxhumana

Ngaphandle kwezimiso nezinqubo, izikole kudingeka zihlakulele indawo lapho izindinganiso zokwaziswa ziyingxenye yengxoxo yansuku zonke. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukumisa isikhulu esizinikezele sokuvikela ukwaziswa (DPO) esinikwe amandla okubekela inselele imikhuba engabazekayo, ukunikeza zonke izisebenzi ukuqeqeshwa kwasikhathi sonke kwemithwalo yemfanelo yezimiso neyomthetho, nokuhilela abafundi ezingxoxweni eziphathelene namalungelo abo okwaziswa. Isikole sokufundela ulwazi kufanele sihlanganise izimo ezisembhalweni wezindaba, imvume, kanye nezici ezithinta umphakathi zokuqapha.

Indima Yabenzi Bemithetho Nezinhlangano Zemfundo

Nakuba izikole ngazinye zingathatha izinyathelo ezinengqondo, ushintsho lwesimiso ludinga ukuhola okuvela phezulu. UMnyango wemfundo kufanele unikeze iziqondiso zezimiso zezimiso zezimiso zemfundo ezihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-GDPR, ezihlanganisa izimiso zokulunga, ukubonakala, nokulingana. i-DPC kufanele iqhubeke iveza kuqala ingxenye yemfundo ekuhloleni nasekuqiniseni imisebenzi yayo, futhi kufanele isakaze i-969-kancane ngezindaba ezivelayo ezinjenge-Alcie kusukulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-biothemime.

Ezikoleni ezisezikoleni, izikole nezikole eziningi (isibonelo, imfundo neTraining Boards) kufanele zimise amakomiti ezimiso zokuziphatha noma amabhodi alawulayo ahlanganisa ukuxubana kothisha, abaphathi, abazali, – izikole eziphezulu--abameleli babafundi. Lemikhandlu kufanele ibukeze izindlela ezintsha zokwaziswa, ukusingatha izikhalo, nokutusa ukuhlelwa kwenqubo. Kufanele futhi yengamele ukwaziswa okuhlanganyela izivumelwano namaqembu amathathu, iqinisekisa ukuthi abathengisi banamathela ezindinganisweni ezifanayo zokuziphatha ezisekelwe ezikolweni zesikole ngokwaso.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo: I - a, I - biometric, Nemingcele Elandelayo

Isimo sokuziphatha siyoba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu njengoba ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa nobuchwepheshe be-biomitric swn ingena emakilasini ase-Ireland. Amathuluzi anamandla angahlaziya ukubhalwa kwabafundi, abikezele ingozi yokuyeka ukunaka, futhi ngisho nokuqondisa ukunaka ngama-webcam. Izimiso ze-bimetric ngokusebenzisa iminwe noma ukuqapha ubuso zicitshazelwa ukuba zibe khona nokukhokha izindleko zokudla. Inqubo ngayinye iphakamisa izinkinga ezintsha ezingokokuziphatha: Ingabe i-algorithm ingeqonda ngempela umongo womfundi futhi igweme ubandlululo?

Isimiso semfundo sase-Ireland sinethuba lokuhola ngesibonelo. Ngokucabangela izimiso zokuziphatha ngokulandelana ekutholeni nasekuklameni ubuchwepheshe obusha, ngokufuna ukuba abathengisi babonakale, nangokuhilela umphakathi ekufezeni izinqumo, izikole zase-Ireland zingakha isizinda sokwaziswa esisiza abafundi ngaphandle kokudela amalungelo abo. Ingxoxo ikude kakhulu nokudlula – kumelwe iqhubeke emagunjini ezisebenzi, emikhandlwini, nasemahholo e-DPC kanye naseMnyango wezemfundo.

Isiphetho: Thembelani Njengesisekelo

Imfundo yase-Ireland ihambisana nokuthembana. Abafundi nemikhaya yabo bathemba izikole ukuba zizenzele okuhle kakhulu. Uma ukwaziswa kuqoqwa ngokunenzuzo, kuqiniswa, futhi kusetshenziswa ngendlela esobala, lokho kwethemba kuyaqina. Uma kwenzeka – noma lapho ukwaziswa kusetshenziswa kabi ukuze kutholakale inzuzo, kuphulwa, ngokuvamile kungalungiseki.

Abafundisi base-Ireland, abaphathi, nabasunguli bezimiso kumelwe balwisane nalezizindaba hhayi njengomthwalo ocindezelayo, kodwa njengengxenye eyinhloko yomsebenzi wabo wokwakha izakhamuzi ezisencane eziqinisekayo, ezinekhono, namalungelo. Ngokwamukela imikhuba emihle ebekwe lapha, nangokugcina ingxoxo eqhubekayo, ekhululekile neyasemiphakathini ezikhonza kuyo, izikole zase-Ireland zingalawula amandla okwaziswa kuyilapho zisekela izindinganiso zokuziphatha ezifanele abafundi bonke.