Isisekelo Esiphambene Sombuso Wentando Yeningi

UKUHLANGANISA nokulandisa kukahulumeni akuyona nje imibandela ephelelisanayo; kuyizinsika ezimbili okugcinwa kuzo ukubusa kwentando yeningi. Uma izakhamuzi zivota, zivota, zivotela, zibhikisha, noma ngamabomu ezindabeni zomphakathi, zenza okungaphezu kokuveza izintando zazo , zidala ukucindezela ngokomthetho nokulawula ukuthi ohulumeni bathathe inyathelo elisobala futhi baphendule. Ngokusho futhi, ohulumeni abanecala bakhuthaza ukuthembana, okukhuthaza ukuhlangana okujulile kwezakhamuzi. Lokhu kudala umjikelezo omuhle, nokho kokubili amalungu angaphansi kwemizwa emazweni amaningi ngenxa yokukhuphulula i-transport, ukuhla kwezombangazwe, nokukhukhuleka kwezelelwa kwezindawo. Ukuqonda indlela abazenza ngayo ezinye ezibaluleke ngayo ukuze kwakhiwe i-demodemodemodefastion ezinikeza wonke.

Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, indikimba ekhulayo yokucwaninga evela ezinhlanganweni ezinjenge World Bank ne International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Aniteration (International IDEA) iye yaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthembisana ngokuqhubekayo kwezenhlalakahle kunguphawu olunokwethenjelwa lwezentelezi eziphansi, ukunikezelwa kwenkonzo yomphakathi okungcono, nezimiso eziningi ezivumelanayo. Ubuhlobo, nakuba, abuzenzakathathi ngokuzenzekelayo: inqubo yokuhlanganyela kumelwe ihlanganiswe, imiswe kahle, futhi isekelwe yimithetho eqinisekisa ukulandisa ngesibopho. Lesihloko sihlola ukuxhumana okuhlangene okuhlangene phakathi kokuhlanganyela komphakathi nokulandisa kohulumeni, ihlola izibonelo zangempela, iveza imingcele eqhubekayo, futhi inikeza izinqubo ezingathi ziqinise kokubili.

Ukuqonda Ingxenye Yesici Esikhona Namuhla

Ingxenye ekhombayo ibhekisela ezindleleni eziningi abantu abazenzayo ukuze bathonye izinqumo zomphakathi, ukulolonga ukuphila komphakathi, noma ukuthatha iqhaza. Ngokomlando, ukuhlanganyela ngokuyinhloko kwakugcinelwe ukuvota nemihlangano yomphakathi ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa inkathi yobuchwepheshe yemishini iye yandisa kakhulu i-ackit. Namuhla, ukubhalisa izivumelwano zomphakathi kuhlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezenzo ezingokwesiko ezinjengokuvota nokukhetha nesibopho sabahluleli somsebenzi omusha njengezicelo ze-ingosi, imikhankambi yezokuxhumana, nokuhlela izimali ngokwezimo zomphakathi.

  • [ Ukuthatha isinyathelo sobuPhofu: Izenzo ezihloselwe ngokuqondile ukuthonya uhulumeni, kuhlanganise nokuvota, umkhankaso, ukuxhumana nezikhulu, nokugijima ukuze kungenelwe isikhundla.
  • [ Ukuhlanganyela kobulungu: Ukuhlanganyela ekuzihlanganiseni ngokuzithandela, amaqembu omphakathi, kanye nezinzuzo ezingabhekisi phambili ezindabeni zomphakathi ngaphandle kokuzinaka ngokuqondile.
  • [ Ukuthatha isinyathelo sobuningi: Usebenzisa amapulatifomu ku-inthanethi ukuze kutholakale ukwaziswa kukahulumeni, kukhulume ngezimiso, ukugadwa kweqoqo, noma ukuhlelwa kwezenzo zeqembu.

Ifomu ngalinye linezela ekuziphenduleleni ngokwehlukile. Nakuba ukuvota kunikeza ukulandisa okungaqondile ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokwezenhlalo nangokwezinombolo kungadala ukucubungula okuqhubekayo nokuxoxa. Isihluthulelo siwukuthi ukuhlanganyela kumelwe kube okushoshoshoka ] [1] 01 ukuhlolwa kophawu noma ukuvota okungokwesiko ngaphandle kokukhetha kwangempela akubenzi ukulandisa. Ukucwaninga kuhulumeni obala kubonisa ukuthi amazwe anezinga eliphakeme lokuhlola komphakathi ekubekeni imithetho futhi afinyelela izinga eliphakeme ezilinganisweni zokusabela kohulumeni. Lokhu kugcizelela ukuthi ukuhlanganyela kokusebenza ngaphandle kokwenza izinqumo akumelwe kufakelwe ezinqubweni zesinqumo, hhayi nje.

Izithiyo Zokuhlanganyela

Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo, ukuhlanganyela akukalingani. Izimo zezenhlalo, imfundo, ubulili, ubulili, nendawo ezungezile konke kubikezela ukuthi ubani ohlanganyela. Ngokwesibonelo, i-voter isuka e-United States, ihluka ngama-30 ngamaphesenti phakathi kwemali ephezulu nezindawo ezikhona. Ngokufanayo, imiphakathi ehlukene ivame ukubhekana nezithiyo ezingokomthetho noma ezisebenzayo njengemithetho ye-ondid, imingcele yokubhalisa, noma ukuntula ukunakekelwa kwabantwana nokuhamba ukuze baye emihlanganweni yasobala. Igebe le ngxenye yezibalo ihlukanisa labo abangenakhombango ethembekile noma abangenakho ukufunda nge-intanethi. Ikhelinde lalezi zinhlalo ezihlukene akuyona nje indaba yokugcinwa kwayo; kudingekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukucindezela kokuvuna umphakathi wonke, hhayi nje abambalwa.

Ukulandisa Kukahulumeni: Akubonakali

Ukulandisa kukahulumeni kusho ukuthi izikhulu zomphakathi nezinhlangano ziyolandisa ngezenzo zazo, izinqumo nokusetshenziswa kwengcebo.

  • Ukulandisa okungenakuntengantenga: Izakhamuzi zibheka uhulumeni njengonobungathwa ngokhetho, imithombo yezindaba, nomphakathi.
  • Ukulandisa okuthe tyaba: izinhlangano zikaHulumeni (izikhombi, izibalo, i-ombudsmen) zihlolana amandla.
  • Ukulandisa okungokomthetho: ukuphathwa kwezakhamuzi ngokuhlola izibalo, izingqwembe zezincwadi, kanye nezithasiselo zezindlebe zomphakathi ezihleliwe.

Ngaphandle kokulandisa okuqinile, ohulumeni bangakhukhuleka babheke ekhohlakalweni, ukuhluleka, noma ukusetshenziswa kabi kwegunya. INhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene iMgomo Yokuthuthukisa 16 ibhekene ngokuqondile nezinguquko ezingokomthetho kuphela kodwa futhi nezimiso eziqinile, ifuna ukusabela, ukubuswa okungaphelele, nokulandisa. Nokho amazwe amaningi asalwa kanzima ngokungabi nalwazi oluqinile: ukusetshenziswa kokuhlakanipha, ukunikezwa kobuhlakani, kanye nokunikezwa okulinganiselwe kwenza izikhulu zigweme imiphumela. Ukuqinisa icala akudingi ukuguqula okungokomthetho kuphela kodwa futhi nempucuko lapho izakhamuzi zizizwa zinegunya lokufuna izimpendulo futhi lapho izinhlangano zinegunya nenkululeko yokusabela.

Okwenza Izindaba Zokulandisa Zithuthuke

Ubufakazi obungaguquguquki obuvela e- World Bank [ bubonisa ukuthi amazwe anezimiso ezinamandla zokulandisa abhekana nokonakala okungcono, impilo engcono nemfundo okuvelayo, nokwanda okukhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma isakhamuzi sibika amakhadi ezinkonzo zomphakathi akhishwa futhi asebenzele, izinga lenkonzo lithuthukisa ngokunye. Ngokufanayo, amazwe anezinhlangano ezizimele ezimelene nezentengiselwano athambekele ekuthembeni kakhulu kuhulumeni. Ngakho ukubhalisa akulona ithuluzi lokunethengwa kwentando yeningi; liwusizo lokunikeza imiphumela.

Indlela I - international System Ehlanganyela Ngayo Ezokulandisa: Imishini Eyinhloko

Ukuqonda lezi zinqubo kusiza abakhi bezimiso ukuba bahlele izinto ezibangela imiphumela emihle.

Ukwazi Ukwakha Izakhamuzi

Ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi kwandisa ulwazi ngendlela uhulumeni osebenza ngayo, izinkonzo ezikhona, nalokho izakhamuzi ezinakho. Izinqubo ezifana nokulalela umphakathi ekuhleleni imali ezichaya abahilelekile ekudaleni izimali ezisemfashinini wokuhweba nokungagunyazi ukuhweba. Lolwazi lusiza izakhamuzi ukuba zibuze imibuzo esheshayo futhi zenqabe ukwaziswa okunganembile. Ngokwesibonelo, izakhamuzi zaseNdiya ezaya emihlanganweni ye-Gam Sabba (umhlangano) ezizweni ezinemithetho eqinile yokukhomba ukufika kuleyo mvume.

Ukuhlolwa Nokuhlolwa Komphakathi

Ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo kwakha impucuko yokuqondisa. Lapho imiphakathi ikha amaqembu aqaphayo noma isebenzisa imithombo yezokuxhumana ukuze ilandele imiklamo yezemisebenzi yezemfashini, idala ukucindezela okuqhubekayo okuvimbela ukonakala nokunganaki. Isibonelo esidumile iBrazil ukusebenzisa kwemali yokuhlukanisa ePorto Alegre, lapho izakhamuzi ezimisiwe ukuba ziqaphele ukusetshenziswa kwemali nokungalingani. Lendlela yaholela ekuthuthukisweni okuphawulekayo kokungena emanzini, ukukhucululwa kwendleka kwamanzi, nokubhaliswa kwesikole, futhi iye yaboniswa emadolobheni amaningi emhlabeni wonke. Isihluthulelo siwukuthi ukuthatha isinyathelo asimisi etafuleni lokwenza izinqumo; kudlulela ekuhleleni izinhlelo zokusetshenziswa kwemithetho nokuhlola.

Izindawo Zokondla Nokubusa Okunethonya

Ukuthembisana nge-compact kuvulela izakhamuzi izindlela zokuxhumana ezithandayo, izikhalo, nokusikisela. Uma ohulumeni bevuma futhi benza ngokuvumelana nalokhu kunikeza iziphakamiso, babonisa ukuthi amazwi esakhamuzi anendaba. Lokhu kungaba lula njengomasipala okwakha intambo eshisayo yokulungisa imigodi noma okuyinkimbinkimbi njengendawo yesikhululo somthetho we-inthanethi ye-othoptic. [[FLT]] CD [[FLT]] abameleli bezingameleli zezindlela ezinjalo njengengxenye eyisisekelo kahulumeni ovulekile, bagcizelela ukuthi ohulumeni kumelwe bavale i-partment ngokutshela abathatha i-tectivedsss shortry (indlela yokufaka kwabo okungasetshenziswa ngayo.).

Ukunikezwa Amandla Nesenzo Sokuqoqa

Lapho izakhamuzi zihlela ndawonye, zikhulisa izwi lazo futhi zinciphisa ingozi yokuphindisela ukungezwani kwabantu ngabanye. Izinhlangano zezenhlalo, kusukela emzabalazweni wamalungelo abantu kuya ekubhikisheni kwesimo sezulu samuva, zibonisa indlela izinhlangano ezisebenza ngokubambisana eziphoqelela ngayo ohulumeni ukuba baxazulule izimpikiswano zesimiso. Amandla aguqula amandla: izikhulu zithambekele kakhulu ukuxoxa neziqu ezihleliwe kunabantu ngabanye. Ukuhlanganyela ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi, amabhodi omphakathi, kanye namakomiti asebenzela izisebenzi asebenzisa le zinhlangano, kuqinisekisa ukuphumelela okuqhubekayo kwengxoxo kunokuphikisana ne-protectic.

Izibonelo Zezwe Langempela Zokuhlanganyela Ekubanjweni

Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi impumelelo ibangelwa yini.

Ukuhlanganyela Ekusebenziseni Uhlelo Lwemali ELatin America

Inqubo ihlanganisa imihlangano yomphakathi, ukucubungula, nokuzihlola kokugcina kwezihambeli ezihlangene. Ukuhlola kuye kwabonisa ukuthi iPB inciphisa ukuvuleka kwezimali, i-PB ithuthukisa ukukhokhwa kwentela, futhi ithuthukisa ukukhokhwa kukahulumeni. Nokho, umklamo ocophelelayo uyagxeka: uma i-PB imane ihlola noma ingenamandla, ingaba nomphumela ngokuphakamisa amathemba ngaphandle kokuwahambisa. Izinhlelo zePB eziphumelelayo zinikeza ukuhlelwa kwemikhondo esobala yezentengiselwano, futhi zihlanganisa amaqembu anezingameleli.

Ilungelo Lokwaziswa ENdiya

I-Indiya’s Right to Information (RTI) Act ka-2005 enikwe amandla okucela amarekhodi ezakhamuzi kuhulumeni. Le thuluzi elingokomthetho, lihlangene nenhlangano eqinile yomphakathi, liye ladalula inkohlakalo, ukuhanjiswa kwenkonzo yomphakathi, futhi lenza izikhulu zaqapha ngokwengeziwe. Ngokwesibonelo, abashisekeli be-RTI bavumbulula ukungalingani kwemithetho esemthethweni e-Public Exporation System, okuholela ezinguqulweni ezasindisa izigidi zama - dollar ekulahleni amabele. Lesi senzo futhi sathuthukisa isiko lokusebenzisa imvume yokusebenza kwemali okuzinzayo (ukunye izinhlangano manje zisakaza izivumelwano, izivumelwano, izivumelwano, nemininingwane yemisebenzi ekhomputhene. Isifundo siwukuthi ukuthatha isinyathelo siphumelela kakhulu uma kusekelwa imithetho yokubona okugunyazwa.

Ukuphambaniswa Kwezigebengu Nokulandisa Kwendawo EGhana

EGhana, inhlanganisela yokugada umphakathi nokuqaphelisa izikhulu zendawo iye yanciphisa ukuphutha komsebenzi wokusebenza. Izinhlelo eziholwa yizakhamuzi ezingazuzi njenge-Institute for Democratic Provincence lungelo lazo lokufuna ukulandisa emalungwini omhlangano wesigodi. Lemizamo, ehambisana nokushaya ucingo lomsakazo ibonisa lapho izikhulu ziphendula imibuzo, iye yaholela ekunyuseleni ukucaca kwemali kanye nesinqumo esisheshayo sokukhononda kwendawo. Futhi amaVoter afunda ukuthi angavota izikhulu ezingezona zezikhulu ezizimele kukhetho lwesifunda, ziveze isisusa esiqondile sokuphendula.

Izindlela Zokuxhumana Zezakhamuzi Ezigadile

Ubuchwepheshe buye benza ukuba kube nezindlela ezintsha zokulandisa. Izindlela ze-Platform ezifana ne- i-Fix MyStreet (UK), ezivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibike imigodi, izibani eziphukile, noma zilahle ngokuqondile emkhandlwini wendawo. Izindlela zamapulatifomu ukuthi imibiko ixazululwe phakathi kwesakhelo sesikhathi, yenza ukucindezela komphakathi ezigungwini. Ngokufanayo, e-Ukraine, i-Prozor e-proprojective yenza zonke izivumelwano zikahulumeni zibonakale kuyi-intanethi, yenza izintatheli nezimpiliso ezingekho emthethweni ukuze zibone izikhala zezindawo ezithambile. Lamathuluzi aphansi akwenza kube lula ukuba izakhamuzi zingene ngaphandle kokuya emihlanganweni emikhulu.

Izinselele Zokuhlanganyela Nokulandisa

Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezicacile, izithiyo eziningi zivimbela ubuhlobo ukuba busebenze kahle. Abenzi bemithetho nezinhlangano kumelwe babhekane nalezi zinselele.

Izinkinga Zezakhiwo Nezezenhlalo Nezomnotho

Ubumpofu, ukungafundi, ukuntuleka kwezokuhamba, kanye nesikhathi kuvimbela abaningi ukuba bangene emaphandleni amazwe asathuthuka. Ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, ukuya ekuqulweni kwecala lomphakathi kungadinga usuku lokuhamba emsebenzini ongakhokhelwa. Ngisho nasemazweni acebile, imiphakathi engaphansi kwemingcele ibhekene nemingcele: ukubhalisa, ukuvala indawo, nokuvota okuyinkimbinkimbi akukuvumeli ukuvota. Lemingcele ayizenzakaleli ngengozi . Lokhu kuxegiswa kwemithetho kuvame ukuphikelela ngezithiyo zokulawula. Ukuwasusa kudinga izinyathelo ezisebenzayo njengokubhalisa ivotisi, iziteshi ezihambayo, nokuhlola izimoto, nokuthumela iziteshi ezinqhinga ukuba khona emsebenzini womphakathi.

Ukunganaki Kwezombangazwe Nokukhungatheka

Izehlakalo eziphindaphindwayo zenkohlakalo, izikhulu ezingasabeli, noma izithembiso eziphukile zibangela ukugxeka. Izakhamuzi ezikholelwa ukuthi izwi lazo alikho neze okubalulekile ukuba zihlanganyele. Lokhu kunganaki kuyanengqondo uma kuqhathaniswa lapho ukuhlanganyela kuthatha izindleko eziphakeme futhi kungena nokwenzeka okuncane. Ukuphula umjikelezo kudinga ukubonisa ukuthi ukuthatha isinyathelo kungaholela ekushintsheni.

Inkululeko Elinganiselwe Nokucindezeleka

Kuhulumeni ominyene, ukuthatha isinyathelo kuvame ukuncishiswa. Imithetho evimbela ukubhikisha, ukucusumbula kwemithombo yezindaba, nokwesabisa abashisekeli ababoshelwe ikwenza kube yingozi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuhlanganyela kulinganiselwe emizileni ehlotshiswe uhulumeni engenayo isibopho sangempela. Ukusekela kwezizwe ngezizwe emphakathini womphakathi, izindawo ezilondekile zomphakathi, kanye nosizo olungokomthetho kungasiza, kodwa ushintsho lwezakhiwo ludingeka kakhulu. Ngisho nase democratic, ukuvukelwa kwemibhisi empini enokuthula noma ukuqashelwa kwabashisekeli bempi kungathuntutha ingxenye.

Ukungaqapheki Nokungaxhumani Kwamanani

Izakhamuzi eziningi aziwazi amalungelo azo, ukuthi zingathola kanjani ukwaziswa komphakathi, noma lapho zixoxa nohulumeni. Ukuxhumana okungaphumeleli kohulumeni kuveza lokhu. Ngisho nalapho amapulatifomu emishini ehamba ngemishini engekho emthethweni, avame ukufana: izakhamuzi ezincane, ezifundile zilawula ukuxhumana nge-intanethi, kuyilapho asebekhulile, abampofu, nasemaphandleni bengakangeni. Ukuxhumana okungagunyazi nge-inthanethi ngo-inthanethi, ngokusebenzisa imihlangano yomsakazo neyomphakathi, kudingekile ukuze kungenelwe ukuthatha isinyathelo esisekelwe ku-ingosini ebanzi.

Amasu Okuqinisa Ukuhlanganyela Nokulandisa

Ukwakha umjikelezo omuhle kudinga ukuba uthathwe ngamabomu ohulumeni, umphakathi womphakathi, nabantu osebenza nabo emhlabeni wonke.

Imfundo Nemikhankaso Yokuqaphela Izibalo

Izikole, imithombo yezindaba, nezinhlangano zomphakathi kufanele zifundise izakhamuzi amalungelo azo namakhono asebenzayo okuthembisana ($how' ukucela ukwaziswa, izikhalazo zamafayela, noma ukuthatha isikhundla. Izibonelo eziphumelelayo zihlanganisa izinhlelo zemfundo yomphakathi waseKenya ngaphambi kokwehliswa kwenguquko, ezandisa ukuhlanganyela ekuhlelweni kwesifundazwe. Ohulumeni bangasebenzisa futhi izimemezelo zenkonzo yomphakathi nezokuxhumana ukuze bachaze ukuthi izakhamuzi zingazifaka kanjani ezimisweni noma emacaleni ezindaba azayo.

Izinguquko Ezingokomthetho Nezeziqu

Ukusebenzisa nokumisa imithetho yokubona, ukuvikela kwempepho, kanye nokuzimela kwendikimba yobubonisi kuyisisekelo. Ukulawula kufanele kufakwe emthethweni (ngokwesibonelo), ifuna ukuba omasipala bagcine izikhalazo zomphakathi okungenani kabili ngonyaka, ngemizuzu ebhaliwe ekhishwe kuyi-website. Ukumisa i-ombustudsm enegunya lokuhlola izikhalo nokuphoqelela ukusabela kudala inethi lokuphepha uma ukuthatha isinyathelo kungaphumeleli.

Amathuluzi Ahlanganisa Izinombolo Nemininingwane Evuliwe

Ohulumeni kufanele bafake imali kuma-patment asebenzisa inombolo yomsebenzisi ukuze bahlanganyele, kodwa futhi bakhulume ngezibalo ezihlukaniswa ngezindlela ezingekho ngaphandle kolayini. Izindawo zemininingwane ezikhipha uhlelo lwemali, izivumelwano, kanye nezikhombisi zomsebenzi zisiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqaphele uhulumeni. I-Puble Government Partnershineship [[ inikeza uhlelo lwamazwe ukuze enze izinguquko ezinjalo.

Ukusekela Umphakathi Wasemgwaqweni

Izinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini ngokuvamile zibekwa kangcono kakhulu ukuze zihlanganise abantu ukuba bafinyelele kanzima. Ohulumeni nabanikeli kufanele banikeze iminikelo, ukwakhiwa kwamakhono, nosizo olungokomthetho kulamaqembu, kuyilapho kuhloniphe ukuzimela kwawo. Ngokwesibonelo, eSenegal, iminikelo emincane ehlela ukuphumelela kwemitholampilo yaholela ekuthuthukiseni okungcono kakhulu ekutholeni imitholampilo nakukuba khona kwezisebenzi. Isihluthulelo siwukugwema ukuhlanganisa: umphakathi wangaphakathi kumelwe ulondoloze ibanga elinzima ukuze uthembeke.

Ukuvala I - deafback

Mhlawumbe icebo elibucayi kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlanganyela kuholela emiphumeleni ebonakalayo. Ohulumeni kufanele babike obala indlela ukufakwa kwezakhamuzi eziklanywe ngayo izinqumo, ukuthi zinjani izenzo zohwebo, nokuthi ziyini izenzo ezibonisa ukhonkolo ezavela. Uma izicelo zingenakuhlangatshezwa, izikhulu kufanele zichaze ukuthi kungani. Lokhu kwakha ithemba ngisho noma imiphumela ingahambi kahle. Izinhlelo zokushayela eziphumelela ngokushesha. Njengendlela yokulungisa imigwaqo eyenziwe ngokuphendula isicelo somphakathi, qhama ibonise inani lokuhlanganyela nokukhuthaza isithembiso.

Isiphetho: Indlela Ephambili

Ukuhlanganyela nokulandisa kukahulumeni akuyona imigomo ehlukene kodwa ukuqinisa izinqubo zobungane. Ukuthatha isinyathelo ngaphandle kokulandisa kubangela ukugxeka; ukulandisa ngaphandle kokuthatha igalelo okungaqinile kuba ukuthatha indiva okungavumelani nezinto eziza kuqala ezakhamuzini. Imibuso eqinile kakhulu yentando yeningi yileyo lapho izakhamuzi ziqhubeka zihlanganyela khona [1] hhayi nje ngesikhathi sokhetho.

Ukusingatha izithiyo zokuhlanganyela − ukungalingani okusemthethweni, ukunganaki, ukucindezelwa, nokusetshenziswa kwemitapo kuhlukanisa phakathi kwezimiso . Nokho ubufakazi bucacile: uma ukuthatha isinyathelo kuhlanganisa futhi kunenjongo, kulawula kangcono. Ohulumeni abamukela ukumiswa kwesinqumo, banika umphakathi amandla, futhi bavumelane nomphakathi ukuba usebenze ngokusemthethweni, futhi banikeze imithetho ephumelela kakhulu. Kubantu, umyalezo wentando yeningi awubalulekile ngokulinganayo: i-demokramenti awuwona umdlalo we-mdlali. Ngisho nezenzo ezincane zokubopha isithembiso somshado − ukubuza umbuzo ehholo ledolobha, ukuxoxa ngenkonzo yomphakathi, ukuhlanganisa ibhodi yomphakathi, ukuhlanganisa ukucindezela kwenza uhulumeni ukuba kuphendule. Enkathini yembulunga yonke ukushintsha isimo sezulu, ukuqinisa lo mjikelezo wamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu.