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Ukuqonda Ukukhethwa Okuyinhloko Nendima Yakho Ebucayi Embusweni Wentando Yeningi
Okhetho oluyinhloko lusebenza njengesisekelo sedemokrasi emelela abameleli be-United States, lunikeza abavoti amandla okunquma ukuthi iziphi izithathi-mphi ezizomelela amaqembu abo ezombangazwe okhethweni oluvamile. Lemincintiswano yokuqala ingaphezulu kakhulu kwezinyathelo ezilula zokuhlela − iyithuba lokuba izakhamuzi zilolonge ukuqondisa kweqembu lazo, iziteshi zemithetho ezithonyayo, futhi iqinisekise ukuthi abazokucela ukukhethwa abathuthukela phambili ekukhetheni iziphi izindinganiso nezinto eziza kuqala zamalungu eqenjini.
Kubantu abaningi abavota, ukukhetha okuyinhloko kungabonakala kudida noma kungenamsebenzi kunokhetho oluvamile. Nokho, ukuqonda indlela yokusebenzisa inqubo eyinhloko ngokuphumelelayo kubalulekile kunoma ubani ofuna ukuhlanganyela ngokugcwele enqubweni yentando yeningi. Ngokuthatha amavoti aphansi kunokhetho oluvamile, izigebengu zinikeza ithonya elingalinganiyo kukhetho lwe-click, ukwenza ivoti ngalinye libe nencazelo enkulu. Lo mqondisi obanzi uyokuhamba kuyo yonke into odinga ukuyazi ngokhetho oluyinhloko, ekuqondeni izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene zokuqinisa i-bolote yakho ngokuqiniseka.
Yini Ekhethwa Kuqala Futhi Isebenza Kanjani?
Ukhetho lokuqala luyimincintiswano yokuqala eqhutshwa amaqembu ezombangazwe yokukhetha izikhundla zawo ezingokomthetho ezihlukene, kuhlanganise nabameleli bomongameli, abameleli bombuso, abamisi-mthetho, ababusi, nezikhulu zendawo. Ngokungafani nokhetho oluvamile lapho abathathi-mgomo abavela emaqenjini ahlukene bencintisana khona, izigebengu zezikhulu zeqembu elifanayo lezombangazwe zincintisana khona ngokuncintisana kweqembu labo.
Isimiso esiyinhloko sokukhetha savela phakathi nekhulu lama-20 leminyaka njengesilinganiso senguquko eklanyelwe ukunikeza amalungu avamile eqembu amathi ngokukhetha okumelwe athathwe. Ngaphambi kokuba athathe iziphakamiso zisakazeke, abaholi beqembu nomphathi bezombangazwe bakhetha ukuthatha izintambo ngemihlangano emikhulu nangezingxoxo zegumbi lokuvotelela. Inhlangano ethuthukayo yasekela amaprim aqala njengendlela yokuhlela inqubo yokushaya umthetho futhi inciphise amandla emishini yeqembu. Namuhla, amaprimende ayindlela evelele yokukhetha umlandeli kwezombangazwe zaseMelika, nakuba imithetho nezindlela zabo eziqondile zihluka kakhulu kuhulumeni.
Isikhathi sokhetho oluyinhloko siyahlukahluka ezweni lonke, ezinye izizwe ziphethe iziqalo zazo ekuqaleni ngoFebruary noma ngoMarch eminyakeni yokhetho lomongameli, kuyilapho ezinye zilinda kuze kube ngoJune, uAugust, noma ngisho ngoSeptember. Lesi simiso esishaqisayo sidala lokho izingqapheli zezombangazwe ezikubiza ngokuthi "ikhalenda eliyisisekelo," elingathonya ngokuphawulekayo umkhankaso onamandla, ukudluliswa kwezindaba, futhi ekugcineni abafuna ukuphumelela ekuvimbeleni ukuhlobisa kweqembu labo.
Izinhlobo Zokhetho Oluyinhloko: Vula, Uvale, Nakho Konke Phakathi
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zokhetho oluyinhloko abavoti okudingeka baqonde ukuthi akuzona zonke iziqu ezisebenza ngaphansi kwemithetho efanayo. Amazwe aye athatha izimiso eziyinhloko ezihlukile ezinquma ukuthi ubani ongahlanganyela kanjani nokuthi amavoti aphonswa kanjani. Ukwazi uhlobo olusetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko lwezwe lakho kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ungavota nokuthi iziphi izinto ozivotayo.
Izinhlamvu Zemali Ezivalekile
Ezifundazweni eziyinhloko ezivaliwe, amalungu abhalisiwe eqembu lezombangazwe kuphela angavota kukhetho oluyinhloko lwaleloqembu. Uma ubhaliswe njengeDemocratic, ungavota kuphela eDemocratic; uma ubhaliswe njengeRepublican, ungavota kuphela ekwisici esiyinhloko. Ukuzivota noma ukuvota okungabhaliswanga akunakuhlanganyela kukhetho oluyinhloko lwawo wonke amaqembu ngaphandle kokuba abhalise neqembu ngaphambi komkhawulo wokubhalisa.
Amaprimpmary avalelwe aklanyelwe ukuvimbela "ukuvota," lapho amalungu eqembu elithile elona elivota kwelinye icala ngokuyinhloko ukuze athonye umphumela, mhlawumbe ekhetha umphikisi obuthakathaka kakhulu kulowo athanda ukuthatha ukhetho oluvamile. Amazwe anamaprimishini avaliwe ahlanganisa iNew York, iPennsylvania, iFlorida, iKentucky, ne Nevada, phakathi kwezinye. Izikhawu zokubhalisa ukushintsha i-mjovolo kweqembu ziyahluka ngokwezwe, kanye nezinye ezidinga izinguquko ezinyangeni ezithile ngaphambi kokhetho oluyinhloko.
Ukuvula Imisebenzi
Izifundazwe ezivulekile zivumela abavoti ukuba bahlanganyele kunoma yiliphi iqembu elibhalisiwe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lihlangene naliphi iqembu. Ngosuku lokhetho, abavoti bangakhetha ukuthi yiliphi ibhola eliyinhloko lomkhandlu abafuna ukulamukela, nakuba bengavota kweyodwa kuphela. Lesimiso sinikeza abavoti abazimeleyo ikhono lokuhlanganyela okhethweni oluyinhloko futhi bavumele abavoti ukuba banqamule imigqa yeqembu uma bethanda.
Izwe elineziteshi ezivulekile lihlanganisa i-Alabama, i-Arkansas, iGeorgia, iMichigan, iMissopa, iMissouri, iMontana, i-North Dakota, i-Tennessee, iTexas, iVermont, iVirginia, neWisconsin. Izinqubo ezithile ziyahluka-hluka-hluka . Izinqubo ezithiwayo zidinga ukuba abavoti bamemezele obala ukuthi isiphi isiteshi seqembu abalifunayo, kuyilapho abanye bevumela abavoti ukuba bakhethe ngasese esiteshini sokuvota.
Semi-evalekile neSemi-open Primitary
Izifunda eziningi ziye zamukela izimiso ezixubile eziwela phakathi kwezindawo ezivulekile nezivalekile ngokugcwele. Ezindlini ezivalekile, amalungu eqembu abhalisiwe angavota kuphela esicini esiyinhloko seqembu labo, kodwa abazimeleyo noma abangavoti abazimele bangakhetha ukuhlanganyela esimisweni esiyinhloko sanoma yisiphi. Lesimiso sigcina ukulawula iqembu ngokuhlobana ngenkathi kusavunyelwa abavoti abazimele ukuba babe nezwi.
I-semi-open primial isebenza ngendlela efanayo kodwa kunezindlela ezingafani zokuphatha ukuthi ubudlelwane beqembu elithile busingathwa kanjani. Lokhu kungafani okungaqondakali kungabadida abavoti, okuyisizathu esenza kubaluleke kakhulu ukucwaninga imithetho ethile kazwelonke ngaphambi kosuku lokhetho.
Izindlu Zomshinyana Eziphezulu Ezimbili Nezingaphakamisi
Izifunda ezimbalwa ziye zathatha ezinye izimiso eziyinhloko ezihluke kakhulu kumaprimie angokwesiko. ICalifornia, iWashington, ne-Alaska zisebenzisa izinqubo ezingafani zesimiso "phezulu-2" noma "isiqu esiyinhloko" lapho bonke abazobhapathizwa bevela ku-oganti abaqalayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bakanye neqembu, futhi bonke abavoti bangahlanganyela. Abavoti ababili abathola amavoti amaningi aphambili kukhetho oluvamile, ngisho noma bevela eqenjini elilodwa.
Louisiana usebenzisa isimiso esifanayo kodwa ngokushintsha okungavamile: uma umuntu ozovota ethola amaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-50 evoti ekuqaleni, bawina ukhetho ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokuqhubekela kukhetho oluvamile. Nebraska usebenzisa isimiso esiyinhloko esingesona se-partisan esisebenza ngommisi wesishaya-mthetho we-uncameral, lapho izingxube zeqembu zingabalwanga khona kuyi-colot.
Izenzakalo Ezikhethekile Eziwumongameli Nezinga lokuHlala:
Ukhetho oluyinhloko oluyinhloko lusebenza ngaphansi kwezingqimba ezengeziwe zobunkimbinkimbi ezingaphezu kwezwe nezindawo. Nakuba izifundazwe eziningi zisebenzisa ukhetho oluyinhloko ukuze zinikeze izihambeli zenhlangano yesizwe, ezinye izifundazwe zisasebenzisa i-caucuses (imihlangano yesifunda) lapho amalungu eqembu ahlangana khona ukuze axoxe nabazobhapathizwa futhi avote, ngokuvamile ngochungechunge lwemijikelezo nokulungisa.
I-Iowa caucuses ne-New Hampshire ngokuyinhloko ziye zaveza ithonya elingokwesiko emijahweni kamongameli ngenxa yokuba yiyo yokuqala ekhalendeni, nakuba izinguquko zamuva ziye zalibekela inselele lelilungiselelo. Amaqembu eDemocratic and Republican ngalinye anemithetho yawo siqu yokuthi izihambeli zabelwa kanjani ngokwemiphumela eyinhloko ne-caucus, namaDemocrat ngokuvamile esebenzisa isilinganiso sohlelo lwe-redial kanye namaRepublican ngokwesilinganiso ngokwesilinganiso phakathi kwezimiso ezizimele nezingazuzisi.
Ukuqonda ukwabiwa kwesabelo sokuphathiswa kubaluleke kakhulu kubavoti abayinhloko ngoba umnqobi odumile wamavoti esifundazweni akamukeli ngaso sonke isikhathi bonke abameleli balowo mbuso. Abenzi be-Candida kumele bafinyelele izikhawu ezithile ukuze bamukele noma iziphi izihambeli, futhi izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlelwa kwezithunywa ngezinye izikhathi zingaveza imiphumela ebonakala iphikisana nengqikithi yamavoti kuphela.
Ukuhlola Isimo Sakho Sokubhaliswa Kwezincwadi Nokumiswa Kweqembu
Ngaphambi kokuba uvote kukhetho oluyinhloko, kudingeka uqinisekise ukuthi ubhaliswe kahle ukuba uvote futhi, uvalelwe noma uvalelwe, ubhaliswe neqembu elifanele lezombangazwe. Izimfuneko zokubhalisa zezentengiselwano ziyahluka ngokwezwe, kodwa amazwe amaningi manje anikeza amathuluzi angcono kuwe-webhusayithi ukuze ahlole ukubhaliswa kwakho futhi alungise uma kudingekile.
Uma kudingeka ubhalise ukuvota noma ukuhlaziya ukubhalisa kwakho, qaphelisisa inkathi emisiwe kahulumeni wakho. Izifundazwe eziningi zidinga ukubhaliswa amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kokhetho, futhi izifunda ezivaliwe zivame ukuba nezinsuku ezimisiwe ngaphambili zokushintsha ubudlelwane. Ezinye izifundazwe zinikeza ukubhalisa okufanayo ngosuku olufanayo ezindaweni zokuhlola, kodwa kuphepheka njalo ukubhalisa kusengaphambili ukuze kugwenywe noma yiziphi izinkinga ngosuku lokhetho.
Lapho uhlola ukubhalisa kwakho, qinisekisa ukuthi konke ukwaziswa kwakho kunembile futhi kwamanje, kuhlanganise negama lakho, ikheli, kanye neqembu ohlanganyela kulo. Uma usuthuthile kusukela uvotelwe, uzodinga ukuvuselela ukubhalisa kwakho ngekheli lakho elisha. Uma igama lakho lishintshile ngenxa yomshado, isehlukaniso, noma ezinye izizathu, uzodinga ukuvuselela ukwaziswa kanye nawe. Ama-dispancience phakathi kolwazi lwakho lokubhalisa negama lakho kungabangela izinkinga endaweni yokuvota, ngakho kufanele uthathe imizuzu embalwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi yonke into ilungile.
Ukuthola Indawo Othokozisa Kuyo Nokuqonda Ukukhipha Imishini
Uma usuqinisekisile ukuthi ubhaliswe kangakanani, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukunquma ukuthi uzoyiphonsa kuphi futhi kanjani i-colot yakho. Abavoti abaningi bayovota endaweni eyabelwe ukuvota ngosuku oluyinhloko, kodwa amazwe amaningi manje anikeza ezinye izindlela ezihlanganisa ukuvota kwasekuqaleni, ukuvota ngeposi, nokuvota okungekhoyo okungenza inqubo ibe lula kakhulu.
Ukuthola Indawo Yakho Engcoliswe Yiyo
Indawo yakho yokuvota eyabelwe isekelwe kakhulu ekhelini lakho lokuvota futhi ingahluka kulapho uvota khona okhethweni oluvamile, ikakhulukazi uma umbuso wakho uphethe amahholo ezindawo ezihlukene ngamahhovisi ahlukene. Amawebhusayithi amaningi okhetho kahulumeni anendawo yokuhlola lapho ungangena khona ekhelini lakho futhi uthole indawo ozovota kuyo, kanye namahora okusebenza neziqondiso.
Izindawo zokunukubeza zivame ukutholakala ezikoleni, ezikhungweni zomphakathi, emitatsheni, ezikhungweni zomlilo, nakwezinye izakhiwo zomphakathi. Uma unezinkinga zokuhamba noma unezidingo zokuthola imvume, hlola ukuthi indawo yakho yokuvota iyi-ADA-compatry futhi unikeza indawo yokuhlala oyidingayo. Umthetho kaFederal udinga izindawo zokuhlola ukuze ungeneke uma uvota ngokukhubazeka, kodwa uma unezinkinga, thintana nehhovisi lakho lokhetho lasendaweni yakini kusengaphambili ukuze uxoxe ngezidingo zakho.
Amathuba Okuqala Okusakaza
Izifunda eziningi manje zinikeza izikhathi zokuvota ezisheshayo ezikuvumela ukuba ufake ifomu lakho lokuvota phambi kosuku lokhetho. Ukuvota kwakuqala kungakusiza ukuba ugweme imigqa emide, uvumelane nezikhathi zomsebenzi, futhi kukuvumelanise ngokwengeziwe lapho uvota. Izinkathi zokuvota zakuqala ziyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokohulumeni, kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokukhethwa.
Indawo yokuvota yakuqala ingase ihluke endaweni okhethwe kuyo ngosuku lokuvota futhi ngokuvamile ibekwa emahhovisi okhetho esifunda noma ezikhungweni zokuvota ezimisiwe kuqala. Hlola ingosi yokuvota yezwe lakho noma yesifunda sesifunda ukuze uthole izindawo zokuvota, izinsuku, namahora. Ezinye izifunda zinikeza amahora engeziwe phakathi nezikhathi zokuvota zangaphambi kosuku lokuvota, kuhlanganise nokukhetha okungangcono kakhulu kunokuvota ngosuku lokhetho.
Ukubhalisa nge-mamail kanye nokuthumela iposi
Ukuvota kwemvume kukuvumela ukuba uthathe futhi ubuyisele ifomu lakho ngeposi kunokuba uvote. Ezinye izifundazwe zithumela amavoti ngokuzenzakalela kubo bonke abavoti ababhalisiwe (ngomnyaka wonke ngeposi), kuyilapho ezinye zifuna ukuba abavoti bacele umvoti ongekhoyo futhi zingadinga isizathu esiqondile noma izaba zokungavoti.
Uma uhlela ukuvota ngeposi, cela ivoti yakho ngaphambi kakhulu kokhetho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyayithola ngesikhathi esanele sokuyiqeda futhi uyibuyise. Qaphela isikhathi sokubuyisela ibhola lakho eliwuvota − amazwe athile adinga amavoloti ukuba amukelwe ngosuku lokhetho, kuyilapho amanye amukela izimemo zokuvota eziphawulwe ngosuku lokhetho olufika ngefasitela elithile ngemva kwalokho. Ukugwema ukungaqiniseki nganoma yikuphi ngokuthunyelwa kweposi ngezikhathi ezithile, cabangela ukubuyisela ibhola lakho kumuntu ebhokisini eliyindisiwe lokulahla noma ehhovisi lokhetho uma uhulumeni wakho unikeza lenketho.
Lapho uqeda ifomu lokubhala iposi, landela zonke iziyalezo ngokucophelela, kuhlanganise nokusayina imvilophu lapho kudingeka khona nokusayinwa kwakho noma ukuba kufakazelwe uma isifunda sezwe lakho sifuna ukuba ukwenze. Ukwehluleka ukulandela lezi zinqubo kungaphumela ekunqatshweni kwakho ibhola lomshini. Eziningi manje zinikeza izimiso zokuhlola i-oda ezikuvumela ukuba uqinisekise ukuthi i-collet yakho yamukelwa nini futhi yamukelwa, kunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo ukuthi ivoti yakho ibibaliwe.
Ukucwaninga Izimpikiswano Nezindaba Ezisebaleni Lakho
Esinye sezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ekulungiseleleni ukuvota kukhetho oluyinhloko ukucwaninga abazovota nanoma yiziphi izinyathelo zokuvota noma ukucela ukuba unqume. Ama-collat ahamba phambili angathatha isikhathi eside futhi ahlanganise izinhlanga zamahhovisi amaningi, kusukela kumongameli ukuya ezikhundleni zendawo njengamalungu ebhodi lesikole, abahluleli, nabameleli bamakomiti eqembu.
Ukuthola amasampula amabhola
Amahhovisi amaningi okhetho esifunda anikeza amabhodi okuvota e-inthanethi abonisa ukuthi yini ezoba khona ekhelini lakho. Ukubukeza ifomu lokuvota ngaphambi kosuku lokhetho kukuvumela ukuba uzijwayelane nezinhlanga kanye nabazothatha isikole, ucwaninge ngalabo ongabazi, futhi wenze izinqumo ongazi ukuthi uzizwa kanjani uma uphuthunyiswa endaweni yokuvota noma lapho uqeda incwadi yakho yeposi.
Isampula lamabhola aqala ukutholakala emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokhetho. Ungawathola ngewebhusayithi yakho yehhovisi lokhetho lwesifundazwe noma nge-costal nokhetho lukahulumeni. Amanye ama-galler angathumela ama-collet kubo bonke abavoti ababhalisiwe, kuyilapho amanye ebanikeza kuphela i-inthanethi.
Ukukhipha I - cansulate Eyingozi Nezikhundla
Lapho ucwaninga abazothatha isigaba esiyinhloko, bheka ngalé kobudipo ukuze uqonde izikhundla eziqondile zomgomo, ulwazi, nezimfanelo zombhalisa ngamunye. Njengoba bonke abazofundela ukuba seqenjini ngokuyinhloko behlanganyela ilebula elifanayo, kuzodingeka umbe ujule kakhulu ukuze uqonde ukungafani okuphakathi kwabo.
Qala ngamawebhusayithi ahambelayo, avame ukuveza izikhundla zawo ezingokomthetho, umlando, kanye nokugunyazwa. Funda izimemezelo eziseziqondisweni ezishicilelwe amahhovisi okhetho noma izinhlangano ezingekho ezinhlanganweni. Linda noma xoxa nama-mosfeal nezimpikiswano ukuze ubone ukuthi abazofuna ukuphendula bayazi yini imibuzo. Bheka ukulandisa kwezindaba zezinhlanga ukuze uqonde ukuthi iziphi izimpikiswano ezihilelekile nokuthi abafuna ukuvota bahluke kanjani ezindleleni zabo.
Cabangela izizinda zobuchwepheshe, ulwazi olungaphambili okhethwe, ukuhileleka emphakathini, nokuvunyelwa yizinhlangano nabantu obethemba. Funa ukwaziswa ngemibhalo yazo yokuvota uma beye baba nesikhundla ngaphambili, futhi uhlole imibiko yabo yezimali ukuze uqonde ukuthi ubani oxhasa imikhankaso yabo. Nakuba kungekho sici esinqumayo ukuthi uvotelwa ngubani, ukuqoqa ukwaziswa emithonjeni eminingi kuyokusiza ukuba wenze isinqumo esihlelwe kahle.
Ukuqonda Izilinganiso Zebhola Nokuhloba
Ngaphezu kwemijaho efuna ukubhalisa, izinombolo eziyinhloko ngezinye izikhathi zihlanganisa izilinganiso zokuvota, iziphakamiso, noma izinguquko zomthetho-sisekelo abavoti abacelwa ukuba bavume noma balahle. Lezi zinyathelo zingasingatha izimpikiswano eziningi, kusukela ezinqubweni zentela nasezindinganisweni zesibopho kuya ezinguquko ezimisweni zokhetho noma ezilungiselelweni zomthetho-mthetho.
Ulimi lwebhola lungadida, futhi amagama ngezinye izikhathi ayinkimbinkimbi noma adukisa ngamabomu. Funda umbhalo ogcwele nganoma isiphi isilinganiso uma kungenzeka, hhayi nje isifushaniso sebhokisi le-collet. Bheka ukucubungula okungahleliwe abahlaziyi bemithetho noma izinhlangano zikahulumeni ezinhle ezichaza ukuthi isilinganiso singenzani, ithonya laso elibi, kanye nezimpikiswano zaso.
Qaphela ukuthi ivoti "yebo" nevoti ingasho lokho okulindele ngokubikelwa", ezinye izinyathelo zishiwo ngokuphambene, ngakho ukuvota "no" kusekela umthetho owuthandayo. Zinike isikhathi sokuqonda ukuthi yini ngempela oyivotelayo noma omelene nayo ngaphambi kokudweba i-ballet yakho.
Okuzolethwa Yizinhlansi: Izimfuneko Zokuhlanganisa
Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okudingeka uyilethe ukuze uvote ezweni lakho kubalulekile ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uvote ngokuhlangenwe nakho okushelelayo, kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokwesifundazwe ngasinye, kusukela ezidingweni eziqinile ze - ID kuya ezidingwa yiyo.
I-United States enemithetho ye-ID yezithombe eqinile idinga abavoti ukuba banikeze uphawu lwezithombe zikahulumeni ezifakelwe njengelayisense yomshayeli, ikhadi le-ID, i-pasi lokungena, noma i-ID yezempi. Uma ungenayo i-ID eyamukelekayo, lezi zifunda zinikeza ama-oda ebonelosi adinga ilungiselelo elizobalwa kuphela uma ubuya unezimpawu ezifanele phakathi kwe-frame yesikhathi esicacisiwe, noma banganika amakhadi ka-ID kahulumeni akhululekile ngokukhethekile ngenjongo yokuvota.
Ezinye izifundazwe zinezimfuneko ze-ID ezingezona ezisendaweni, lapho ucelwa khona ukuba ubonise ukuthi ungubani kodwa ungavota ngaphandle kokuyisayina i-affidavit noma ukunikeza okunye ukwaziswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ungubani. Ezinye izifunda-zwe zimukela ukungagunyazi okunjengezikweletu zenzuzo, izitatimende zebhange, noma amanye amaphepha abonisa igama lakho nekheli.
Izifunda eziningi azinayo nhlobo imfuneko ye-ID, kunalokho zincike ekusayineni noma kwezinye izindlela zokuvimbela ukukhwabanisa. Kulezi zifundazwe, umane unikeze igama lakho nekheli kuzisebenzi ezihlolayo eziqinisekisa ukuthi usohlwini lokubhalisa.
Hlola izimfuneko ezithile zikahulumeni wakho ngaphambi kosuku lokhetho, futhi uma ufuna ukuthola ukuhlukanisa, qala inqubo kusenesikhathi. Ukuthola ilayisense yomshayeli noma i-ID kahulumeni kungathatha amasonto ambalwa, futhi awufuni ukuzamazazisa ngomzuzu wokugcina. Ingqungquthela yesizwe yezwe yeSizwe ye-Legislatures ilondoloza ukwaziswa okusha ngezimfuneko ze-overtist ID kuwonke amadolobha angu-50.
Usuku Lokukhetha: Okuzolindelwa Endaweni Engcoliswe Yikho
Uma uvota umuntu ngosuku lokhetho, ukwazi ukuthi yini ongayilindela kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi inqubo ihamba kahle. Ukufika endaweni yakho yokuvota kulungiselelwe, futhi uvumele isikhathi esengeziwe uma kungenzeka ukuba kube nemigqa noma ukulibala okungalindelekile.
Ukuhlola-Inqubo
Uma ufika endaweni yakho yokuvota, uzohlola izisebenzi zokuvota ezizokuqinisekisa ngokubhalisa kwakho futhi zikunike ifomu levoti. Ziletha noma isiphi isigqebhezana esidingekayo futhi ukulungele ukunikeza igama lakho nekheli. Izisebenzi ezikhohlisayo zizokuhlola ukuba uphume ohlwini lokubhalisa futhi zingakucela ukuba usayina incwadi yokubhalisa noma incwadi ye-electronic.
Ezimweni eziphethe amaprimist, ungadinga ukusho ukuthi isiphi isikhethi sedili osifunayo uma usemzileni ovulekile, noma izisebenzi zokuvota zizozinikeza ibhola leqembu lakho elibhaliwe ezifundeni eziyinhloko ezivaliweyo. Uma kukhona umbuzo ngobungane bakho noma ukubhalisa, unelungelo lokufaka ibhola elizobukezwa futhi libalwe uma uzimisele ukufaneleka.
Ukuphonsa Ibhola Lakho
Izindlela zokuqamba ziyahluka-hluka ngokwendlela yokusebenza. Ungasebenzisa ibhola lephepha olibhala ngesandla bese udla i-scan, umshini wokuvota, noma umshini wokuphawula obhala iphepha ozolibhala futhi ulifake. Izisebenzi ezinamaphutha kufanele zinikeze iziyalezo zokusebenzisa imishini yokuvota, futhi ungacela usizo uma ungaqiniseki nganoma isiphi isici senqubo.
Zinike isikhathi lapho ubhala ibhola lakho lokuvota. Unelungelo lokufuna imfihlo uma uvota, futhi akekho okufanele abheke emahlombe akho noma akucindezele ukuba uvote indlela ethile. Uma wenza iphutha kwivoti yephepha, cela ibhola elisha kunokuba uzame ukulungisa iphutha, njengezimpawu ezingacacile ukuthi zingabalwa kahle ngemishini yokukhetha.
Ngaphambi kokunikeza ibhola lakho lokuvota, hlola konke ukukhetha kwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uvote kuzo zonke izinhlanga ozihlosile nokuthi amachashaza akho acacile futhi acacile. Ezinye izimiso zokuvota zizokuqaphelisa uma ukhetha "abaqala" (abaningi kakhulu emncintiswaneni) noma "abangahlolwanga" (izinhlanga ezikwesobunxele azinalutho), zikunikeza ithuba lokwenza izijeziso uma ufisa. Nokho, awudingeki ukuba uvote kulo lonke uhlanga", ungashiya imincinti engenalutho uma ungenakho ukhetho noma uzizwa ungazi ukuthi ungazi ukuthi ungakhethani.
Amalungelo Akho Njengomlozi
Ukuqonda amalungelo akho njengomvoti kungakusiza ukuba ulawule noma yiziphi izinkinga eziphakamayo endaweni yokuvota. Unelungelo lokuvota uma ungumvoti obhaliwe egunyeni, ngisho noma igama lakho lingaveli ohlwini lwesisebenzi sokuvota. Ungafaka i-oceta ezobalwa uma nje ungakwazi ukukhomba kuqinisekisiwe. Unelungelo lokwamukela usizo uma ukhubazekile noma udinga usizo lokufunda noma ukuqonda i-ballot. Unelungelo lokuvota ngaphandle kokwesabisa noma ukuhlukumeza.
Uma usemgqeni lapho uqeda ukuvota, unelungelo lokuhlala emgqeni futhi uvote. Izisebenzi ezinamavoti azinakukuxosha uma ufika ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuphetha. Uma uhlangana nezinkinga endaweni ohlola kuyo, cela ukukhuluma nomphathi noma uthintane nehhovisi lokhetho lwesifunda sesifunda noma ukhetho lwezwe ukuze uthole usizo. Izifunda eziningi futhi zinezisebenzi ezingekho kwezesigaba ezivikela izisebenzi ezisebenza ngokuzisebenzela ezingasiza ekuxazululeni izimpikiswano.
Ukucatshangelwa Okufanele Kwemisebenzi Eyinhloko
Ngaphandle kwabenzi bokuphonsa ibhodi lokuvota, abavoti abayinhloko ngokuvamile babhekana nokucabangela ngendlela ehlelekile mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa amavoti abo ngokuphumelelayo. Ngokungafani nokhetho oluvamile lapho ukukhetha kuvame khona phakathi kwabazolingela emabuthweni amabili ayinhloko, amaprime avame ukuveza abazobhapathizwa abaningi abanezinga elihlukene, benza izinqumo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokuthi bavote yini othanda ukuvota noma enye indlela ekhetheka kakhulu.
Ukunganaki Nokukhetha
Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu abavoti abayinhloko ababhekene nayo ukuthi bavotela lowo abafuna ukubhapathizwa noma bakholelwa ukuthi unelungelo elingcono kakhulu lokuwina ukhetho oluvamile. Lokhu kucindezeleka phakathi kokukhetha imibono nokukhetha kuthinta imikhankaso eminingi eyinhloko, ngokuvamile abavoti bazibona beyi "ikholwa leqiniso" elizolwela izimiso zeqembu noma "isinqumo se-pragmatic" anganxusa ukuvota.
Akukho mpendulo elungile emhlabeni wonke kulenkinga [1] ixhomeke ekufuneni kwakho izinto eziza kuqala nasekuhloleni indawo yezombangazwe. Abanye abavoti bamisa abafuni abahambisana eduze nezindinganiso zabo, bekholelwa ukuthi abavoti abaqotho, abanezimiso ekugcineni bayoba nesibopho esikhulu kubavoti abavamile. Abanye bakhetha kakhulu, bazimisele ukuyekethisa ezikhundleni ezithile zenqubo ukuze bathathe umfundamakholwa abakholelwa ukuthi banganqoba.
Qaphela ukuhlakanipha okuvamile ngokuphathelene nokukhetha, okuvame ukusekelwe ekucabangeni okungase kungakho. Abangakholeki abathi ngezinye izikhathi bawina, kanti "ukuphepha" ngezinye izikhathi bayalahlekelwa. Cabangela izici eziningi ezihlanganisa imfanelo yokuvota, inhlangano, ukuqoqa ikhono, kanye namandla akhethekile omjaho kunokuthembela kuphela emibonweni engacacisi yokukhetha.
Indima Yokugundana Nesikhathi Esifushane
Kumongameli ophambili neminye imijaho ephezulu, amandla afeza indima enkulu ekulolongeni imiphumela. Abenzi bemincintiswano yakuqala bavame ukuthola ukunakwa kakhulu kwemithombo yezindaba, ukuqoqwa, nokusekelwa, kuyilapho labo abangathathi mandla bengase babone imikhankaso yabo iwohloka ngisho noma behlala besesigabeni sokubhalisa emazweni amuva.
Uma uhlala esimweni esekwephuzile, ungase uthole ukuthi lomjaho usunqunywe ngokuphumelelayo ngesikhathi ovota ngaso, omunye ocela ukubhapathizwa ethole izihambeli ezanele noma isekela ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi uthola imvume. Lokhu kungakhungathekisa, kodwa ukhetho lwakho lusekhona, kodwa luthumela uphawu lokusekela izikhundla ezihlukahlukene zesigaba seqembu, luthinta iqophelo leqembu, futhi luthinta indlela abazofuna ukuvota abazothatha imvume yokukhetha.
Ngokuphambene, uma uhlala esimweni esiyinhloko, ukuvota kwakho kuveza ithonya eliqinile ekulolongeni uhlanga. Abavoti bakuqala bombuso banomthwalo wemfanelo okhethekile wokuhlolisisa abazocwaninga, ngoba ukukhetha kwabo kuyoba nethonya eliphawulekayo eliyohlala likhona kubantu abavotayo ezifundazweni zamuva.
Amaphutha Avamile Okungagwenywa Ezinkonzweni Eziyinhloko
Ngisho nabavoti abasuswe kahle ngezinye izikhathi benza amaphutha avimbela amavoti abo ukuba babale noma anciphise ukuphumelela kwabo enqubweni eyinhloko. Ukuqaphela lezizihibe ezivamile kungakusiza ukuba uzigweme.
Izindawo Ezifile Ezingabhaliswanga
Elinye lamaphutha avame kakhulu ukulahleka kwezikhathi zokubhalisa noma ukushintsha isikhathi esimisiwe somkhandlu. Ezifundazweni eziyinhloko, kumelwe ubhaliswe neqembu ngaphambi kokukhetha (_ngezinye izinyanga ngaphambi kokukhetha). Phawula le mithetho emisiwe ekhalendeni lakho bese ubhalisa noma uthuthukise ukubhalisa kwakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ugweme ukuvalwa ngaphandle kwento eyinhloko.
Ukuya Endaweni Engafanele Yokungcolisa
Indawo yakho yokuvota eyinhloko ingahluka kuleyo ovota kuyo okhethweni oluvamile. Ngaso sonke isikhathi qinisekisa indawo yokuvota kwakho ngaphambi kokuba uphume uyovota, futhi ungathathi indawo efanayo oyivotile ngaphambili. Uma uvela endaweni engafanele yokuvota, izisebenzi zokuvota zingase zingakwazi ukukunika ibhola elilungile, futhi kungase kudingeke ukuba uhambe uye endaweni oya kuyo noma uphonse i-athobot.
Ukusakaza Imisebenzi Eminingi
Emazweni asobala lapho ungakhetha khona ukuthi yimuphi umkhakha oyinhloko wokuvota, ungavota kuphela esingeni eliyinhloko lomunye umuntu. Ukuzama ukuvota kuzo zombili iziqalo akuvunyelwe ngokomthetho futhi kungaphumela ekubeni abavoti bakho baphucwe futhi bamangalelwe ngecala elingase libe yicala. Khetha umncintiswano oyinhloko weqembu elilodwa kuphela futhi uvote kulowo mncintiswano.
Ukudebeselela Imijaho Ehlayo
Abavoti abaningi bagxila kakhulu emijahweni ephezulu ye-profile njenge-presidential noma i-gubernarial primerials kuyilapho bengayinaki imincintiswano ephansi ye-colorpotive kahulumeni, amahhovisi ezindawo, nezikhundla zeqembu. Lezizinhlanga ngokuvamile zinethonya eliqondile ekuphileni kwakho kwansuku zonke kunasemahhovisi kahulumeni, futhi abavoti abayinhloko banethonya elikhulu kulemincintiswano ngenxa yokuzihambela phansi. Zinike isikhathi sokucwaninga nokuvota kuzo zonke izinhlanga ebhodini yakho, hhayi nje labo abathola ukunakekela kwemithombo yezindaba.
Ukuthembela Ngokunganaki Eqenjini
Kukhetho oluyinhloko, bonke abazobhapathizwa bahlanganyela eqenjini elifanayo, ngakho awunakuthembela emalebulini eqembu ukuze uqondise ukukhetha kwakho. Kudingeka ucwaninge izikhundla, izizinda, nezimfanelo zabantu ngabanye ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi. Ungathathi ukuthi bonke abazobhapathizwa eqenjini lakho ngokuyinhloko bahlanganyela imibono yakho ezindabeni ezibalulekile, ngakho kungaba nokuhluka okuphawulekayo kwemibono nezimiso phakathi kwabazodwa.
Imithombo Yokwaziswa Okuyinhloko Kokhetho
Kukhona imithombo eminingi ekusiza ukuba uthathe ukhetho oluyinhloko futhi wenze izinqumo zokuvota ngolwazi.
Ama - Webhsayithi Okukhetha Angokomthetho
Amawebhusayithi ehhovisi lesifunda nesifunda sesifunda akuwe-website yehhovisi le-vhoti yakho yokhetho anegunya kakhulu lokwaziswa mayelana nokubhaliswa, ukuhlawuliswa kwezindawo, izikhathi zokuhlola, nezinqubo zokukhetha. Lezi zindawo zinikeza amathuluzi okuvota okuvota, izikhokhi zokuhlola indawo, kanye nokwaziswa mayelana nokuvota kwakudala kanye nokhetho olungekho. I-booket yezwe lakho kanye namawebhsayithi okhetho lwesifunda esithile futhi iwahlole njalo njengoba umhlanganiso usondela.
Iziqondiso Zomoya Ezingaveli Kuwo
Izinhlangano ezinjengeNhlangano yabesifazane, iBallottedia, neVote411 zinikeza iziqondisi ezingabhali hlangothi ezihlanganisa ulwazi olufuna ukuvota, izilinganiso ze-collet, kanye neziyalezo zokuvota. Lezi ziqondiso zingasiza kakhulu ekucwaningeni izinhlanga zamabhola aphansi kanye nabavoti bendawo abangase bangatholi ukusakazwa okuningi kwemithombo yezindaba.
Izingxoxo Zezindaba Nezingoma Zokusakaza
Amaphephandaba endawo, iziteshi zethelevishini, neziteshi zomsakazo zivame ukunikeza ukuhlanganisa okukhulu kokhetho, kuhlanganise nezindaba eziyinhloko, ukuxoxa, nokuhlaziywa kwezimpikiswano eziyinhloko. Izinhlangano eziningi zezindaba ezingenisa izimemo noma izinkulumo zokusakaza ezikuvumela ukuba ubone abazobhapathizwa ngaseceleni kanye nakweminye impikiswano futhi uzwe izikhundla zabo ngezihloko ezibalulekile. Imithombo yezindaba yezwe ingasiza kakhulu kumongameli wezikhulu ze-primenters nezinhlanga eziphezulu ze-profile, kodwa ingazideli imithombo yezindaba yendawo, ngokuvamile enikeza ukuhlolwa okuningi ngokwengeziwe kwezwe nemidlalo eyinhloko yendawo.
AmaWebhsayithi Ayingozi Nemithombo Yezindaba
Iningi labazofuna ukulondoloza amawebhusayithi nama-website okuxhumana lapho beveza khona izikhundla zabo, bexoxa ngemikhankaso yabo, futhi benikeza ukwaziswa ngendlela yokuwasekela. Nakuba lezi zindawo zibonakala ziyimithombo ehlukanisayo, ziwusizo ekuqondeni ukuthi yini ebekwa phambili nokuthi bavela kanjani kubavoti. Qhathanisa ukwaziswa okuvela emithonjeni yabavoti nokubika okuzimele nokuhlola amaqiniso ukuze bathole isithombe esiphelele.
Ama - voter E - trotre Nezosizo
Uma uhlangabezana nezinkinga noma unemibuzo mayelana nokuvota, kunemigqa eminingi eshisayo nemithombo yosizo. I-Ecommostation Protection imbutho wesizwe osebenza i-pane yovota (1-866-OUR-VOTE) enikeza usizo ngezilimi eziningi. Izizwe eziningi zisebenzisa izintambo zazo siqu zokuvota ngamahhovisi azo okuvota. Unganqikazi ukuzama ukuzama ukuthola usizo uma ungaqiniseki nganoma yisiphi isici senqubo yokuvota.
Ukubaluleka Kokuhlanganyela Ekukhetheni Okuyinhloko
Okhetho oluyinhloko lubona umvoti ophansi ngokungaguquki kunokhetho oluvamile, ngokuvamile ngamanani athatha inxaxheba ku-20-30% noma ngaphansi kwabavoti ababhalisiwe. Lokhu kucwebezela kusho ukuthi abavoti abayinhloko banethonya elingenakulinganiswa phezu kokukhethwa komvoti futhi, ngokwengxenye, ukuqondisa kwezombangazwe zaseMelika.
Uma abantu bembalwa abavota ezingeni eliphansi, ivoti ivame ukuba yingcosana futhi yeqisa kakhulu. Lokhu kungaholela ekuhlolweni kwababhebhetheki ababhebhethekisa abashisekeli beqembu kodwa balwele ukuxhumana nabavoti abalinganiselayo noma abazimele okhethweni oluvamile. Ngokuhlanganyela ezihlalweni eziqanjiwe, usiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinhlu zamazwi eziningi zizwakala enqubweni yokukhetha abazolandela.
Ukuthatha isinyathelo okuyinhloko kubaluleke kakhulu emabusweni alawulwa yiqembu elilodwa lezombangazwe, lapho ngokuyinhloko kunquma khona ukuthi ubani ozothatha isikhundla. Kulezi zindawo, ukhetho oluvamile luvame ukusho isiphetho esingokomthetho, okwenza kube yithuba eliyinhloko elinenjongo lokuba abavoti bathonye labo ababamele. Uma uhlala endaweni ene-Democratic noma iRepublicaan, ukhetho lwakho oluyinhloko lungaba yivoti ewuvoti enkulu kakhulu eyayikhipha.
Ngaphandle kokukhethwa ngokuzikhethela, okhetho oluyinhloko luthumela izimpawu ezibalulekile emaqenjini ezombangazwe nakwabazocela ukuthi yiziphi izindaba ezibalulekile kubavoti nakuziphi izikhundla ezisekelayo. Ngisho noma umvoti wakho othandekayo engawini, ukuvota kwakho kunengxenye esigijimini sonke ngalokho okufunwa yi-vota. Abavoti namaqembu banaka imiphumela eyinhloko lapho bethuthukisa iziteji namasu okhetho oluvamile.
Ngemva Kwento Eyinhloko: Ukuqhubeka Uhlanganyela Ngokukhetha Okuvamile
Akufanele uphele lapho inqubo yentando yeningi isiphelile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abathandi bakho bawina idlanzana eliyikho, ukuhlala uboshelwe okhethweni oluvamile kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izwi lakho liyazwakala futhi izindinganiso zakho ziyamelelwa.
Uma umsekeli wakho othandwayo ewinile, cabangela indlela ongazisekela ngayo kukhetho oluvamile. Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukuzimisela emkhankasweni wabo, ukunikela uma ukwazi, ukuxoxa nabangane nomkhaya ngokuthi kungani ubasekela, noma ukumane uqiniseke ukuthi uvota okhethweni oluvamile. Abanqobi abayinhloko ngokuvamile badinga ukunweba ukunxusa kwabo ukuze bawine okhethweni oluvamile, ngakho ukuthembisa kwakho okuqhubekayo kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi bahlala benecala lomfelandawo ehlangeneyo.
Uma umnyukeli wakho elahlekelwe yisici esiyinhloko, ubhekene nokukhetha ngendlela yokungenela ukhetho oluvamile. Abanye abavoti basekela ngentshiseko ukuvota kweqembu labo ngisho noma bekungesona isinqumo sabo sokuqala, kuyilapho abanye belwa nalesi sinqumo. Cabangela umehluko phakathi konommethe wakho nombaleki weqembu ophikisayo, futhi ucabange ukuthi imuphi umphumela ozofeza izindinganiso zakho nezinto eziza kuqala. Khumbula ukuthi nakuba kungekho mvoti ozovumelana ngokuphelele nayo yonke imibono yakho, ukhetho luphathelene nokukhetha phakathi kwezinketho ezikhona, hhayi abathathi abakhangisi abangcono.
Hlala waziswe ukuthi abanqobi abayinhloko kukhetho oluvamile bawusekela kanjani izibopho abazenza phakathi nohlu. Bambe izikhulu ezikhethiwe zilandisa uma nje sezithathe isikhundla ngokulandela amavoti azo, ngokuthintana nazo ngezindaba ozikhathalelayo, nangokuhlanganyela ezindlini zokuzimela zesikhathi esizayo nokhetho. Umbuso wentando yeningi awusona isenzakalo esisodwa kodwa inqubo eqhubekayo edinga ukuthembisana okuqhubekayo nezakhamuzi.
Isiphetho: Ukuzinika Amandla Njengomthombo Oyinhloko
Ukumisa okhethweni oluyinhloko ngokuphumelelayo kudinga ukuqonda imithetho eqondile nezinqubo esifundazweni sakho, ukulungiselela kusengaphambili ngokuhlola ukubhalisa kwakho nokucwaninga, nokwenza izinqumo ezibonisa izindinganiso zakho nezinto eziza kuqala. Nakuba inqubo eyinhloko ingase ibonakale iyinkimbinkimbi futhi idida, isenzo esiyinhloko sokuvota sihlala sicacile: ukubhalisa, ukucwaninga, nokuphonsa ibhola lakho.
Ngokuzinika isikhathi sokuqonda indlela umsebenzi oyisisekelo ngayo, uzinika amandla okuhlanganyela ngokuphumelelayo enqubweni yentando yeningi. Ukuvota kwakho kukhetho oluyinhloko kunesisindo esikhulu, ngokuvamile kakhulu kunokhetho oluvamile ngenxa yokuncishiswa kwethuba nokubaluleka kokukhetha abazongenela ekulolongeni imiphumela yezombangazwe. U-Don akavumeli ukudideka ngezinqubo noma ukungaqiniseki ngabazocela ukubuswa.
Khumbula ukuthi izikhulu zokhetho, izinhlangano zosizo zabavoti, nemithombo eminingi ye-inthanethi zikhona ukuze zikusize ulawule noma iziphi izinselele ohlangabezana nazo. Unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo, ukufuna usizo, noma ukuzinika isikhathi sokuzizwa uqiniseka ngokukhetha kwakho. Uvoti ngamunye wake waba umvoti wokuqala, futhi ukufunda ukusebenzisa isimiso sokhetho kuyinqubo elula uma uthola ulwazi.
Njengoba ulungiselela ukhetho lwakho olulandelayo oluyinhloko, sebenzisa amacebiso nokwaziswa okukulo mqondisi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulungele ukuvota ngokuphumelelayo. Hlola ukubhalisa kwakho kwasekuqaleni, cwaninga abazovota bakho, qonda ukukhetha kwakho, futhi wenze icebo lokuthi uzolufaka nini futhi kanjani ukhetho lwakho. Ngokusondela kukhetho oluyinhloko ngokulungiselela nangenjongo, ungenza izwi lakho lizwe futhi usize ekulolongeni ikusasa ledemokrasi yabameleli.