Ukulandisa kuhulumeni kuyisisekelo sokubusa kwentando yeningi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi izikhulu zomphakathi nezinhlangano zihlala zinokulandisa ngezenzo zazo, izinqumo, nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yomphakathi. Ngaphandle kokuthembela ezimisweni zokulandisa eziqinile, ukuthembela kuhulumeni kunciphe, inkohlakalo, futhi izinkonzo zomphakathi zikhona. Lesihloko esenezelwe sihlola imiqondo eyisisekelo yokuziphendulela kohulumeni, ukuhlola izimo eziyinhloko ezingokomthetho nezingokweziqu zomphakathi, ukuhlelwa kwezenzo ezingcono kakhulu zokuqinisa ukulandisa, futhi kuxoxe ngezindlela eziveza izimo zekhono nezinselele eziphikelelayo. Ngokuqonda lezi zici ezakhi, izikhonzi zomphakathi, nezakhamuzi zingasebenza ndawonye ukuze zakhe ukukhanya, ukusabela, nohulumeni abaphumelelayo.

Ukuqonda Ukulandisa

Ukulandisa kuhulumeni kubhekisela esibophweni sezikhulu zomphakathi nezinhlangano zokwazisa, ukuchaza, nokuthethelela izenzo zazo nezinqumo, nokwamukela imiphumela uma lezozenzo ziphula imithetho noma imithetho. Kuwumqondo ohlobene ohlanganisa umthwali wesibopho (uhulumeni) kanye nomphathi wamalungelo noma umphathi wendikimba (iphalamende, izinkantolo, noma izinhlangano ezizimele). Ukulandisa kungaqondwa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

  • I-transparency - ukutholakala kokwaziswa ngemisebenzi kahulumeni nezinqumo, okwenza ukuba kuhlolwe izindikimba zomphakathi nezengamele.
  • [ Impendulo [ – imfuneko yezikhulu ukunikeza izincazelo nokulunga kwezenzo zazo.
  • Impoqo - ukuba khona kwezindlela zokunikeza izijeziso noma amakhambi uma izikhulu zihluleka ukuhlangabezana nezibopho zazo.

Izifundo kanye nodokotela ngokuvamile bahlukanisa phakathi ukulandisa okungathsinkiyo (izakhamuzi nomphakathi olandisa ngokhetho, ngemithombo yezindaba, nangokucindezela kwezenhlalo) kanye nokungaguquguquki ukulandisa [[ (izinhlangano zezwe, njengezinkantolo, izingcebiso, nezinhlangano ezimelene nenkohlakalo, eziphathana omunye nomunye). Ukulandisa kwezenhlalakahle, uhlobo lwesithathu, kuhilela ukubekelwa isibopho sezakhamuzi ezinkonzweni zomphakathi eziqondiswe umphakathi kanye nemali. Intando yeningi enempilo idinga zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zokusebenza ngokuphumelelayo.

Izinhlobo Zokulandisa

Ukulandisa kungabhekwa ngokuqhubekayo ngobukhulu nangokugxila:

  • [ ukulandisa okungathwini – ukukhethwa nezikhulu ezimisiwe zizakuphendulelwa emphakathini nasezigungwini zomthetho.
  • [ Ukulandisa kobuphathi-izisebenzi zomphakathi zinamathela emithethweni, ezinqubeni, nasezindinganisweni zokusebenza.
  • [ ukulandisa kwezezimali [ - Imali yomphakathi ilawulwa ngokomthetho, ngokuphumelelayo, futhi ngokuphumelelayo.
  • [ Icala lokulandisa [ - Izenzo zikahulumeni zivumelana nomthetho-sisekelo, umthetho, nomthetho wezwe.
  • [ ukulandisa okungathwi qha - izikhulu zisekela ubuqotho, ukwethembeka, nokuziphatha okungaphezulu kwezimfuneko ezingokomthetho.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukulandisa ngezimali kuxhomeke emahhovisi okuhlola ama - akhawunti omphakathi nasephalamende, kuyilapho ukulandisa okungokokuziphatha ngokuvamile kuxhomeke ezimisweni zokuziphatha nasezinkokhelweni zezimiso zokuzimela.

Imisebenzi Yesakhelo Yokulandisa

Ukulandisa akuziveli ngokuzenzekelayo; kudinga ukuklanywa ngamabomu ngezimiso ezingokomthetho, ezingokomthetho, ezimisiwe, nezikahulumeni.

Imisebenzi Yesakhelo Esingokomthetho

Izakhiwo zezomthetho zinikeza isisekelo sokwakha ukuze uhulumeni alandise ngecala. Zichaza amalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo yezikhulu zomphakathi, zimisa izindinganiso zokuziphatha, futhi zikha izimiso zokugcinwa kwemithetho. Izakhi eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

  • Amalungiselelo e-Constitution [ agunyaza ukuba sobala, ukuhlukana kwemibuso, namalungelo ayisisekelo. Imithetho engokomthetho eminingi ihlanganisa amalungiselelo enkululeko yolwazi, izindikimba ezizimele, nelungelo lokunxusa uhulumeni.
  • [[[NTL:0] Imithetho yokumisa izindinganiso zokuziphatha[ - - imithetho enjengemithetho yokuziphatha yezisebenzi zomphakathi, imithetho yokulwa ethanda ukuzwana, nezimfuneko zokumemezela. INhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene emelene nokonakala ikhuthaza amazwe asayine ukuba asebenzise imithetho enjalo.
  • Inkululeko yolwazi (FOI) yenza[ enika izakhamuzi ilungelo lokufinyelela amarekhodi kahulumeni, ngaphandle kwe-partio. Amazwe angaphezu kuka-125 manje anemithetho ye-FOI, nakuba ukusetshenziswa kwemisebenzi kuyahlukahluka kakhulu.
  • [ Imithetho yokuvikela ye-wittlepper [ evikela abantu ababika ukuziphatha okubi ekuphindiseleni, ikhuthaza ukulandisa ngaphakathi.
  • Inqubo yokuphatha yenza edinga ukuba sobala nokuhlola ekuhleleni imithetho, futhi ilungiselela ukubukezwa kokwahlulela kwezinqumo zokuphatha.

Izisekelo zomthetho zinamandla kuphela njengokusebenza kwazo. Ngaphandle kwezinkantolo ezizimele namakhambi aphumelelayo, imithetho ihlala ikhona. i-ECD’s Public Performal Framework [ inikeza isiqondiso sokuklama izimiso ezivumelanayo zomthetho nezokugcinwa kwemithetho.

Imisebenzi Ye - feme Yeziqu

Izisekelo zezinhlangano nezindikimba ezisebenzayo zingaba ngaphakathi (phakathi kwegatsha eliphethe) noma ngaphandle (ozimele kuhulumeni). Izinhlangano eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

  • Umqulu-okanye i-SPUISTION (SAIS) – - nomthwalo wokuhlola kwezezimali nemisebenzi yezinhlangano zikahulumeni. SAIS, njenge-Ofisi ye-Authority (GAO) ka-Hulumeni ka-U.S. (U) noma i-U.S. National APPPRISCIN, ikhiqiza imibiko ezimele esetshenziswa izishaya-mthetho ukuba i-ofisi ye-STBR.
  • [ Izinhlangano ezifuna ukubuswa nge- - - uphenye izikhalo zezakhamuzi ngesimiso sokuqondisa esingasebenzi kahle, unikeze umzila ophansi wezokulungisa. INhlangano yezizwe zonke ye-Ombudsman inikeza izindinganiso zokuzimela nokuphumelela.
  • Izinhlangano zokonakala ze-Anti - izindikimba ezinjenge-Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Urdecist (ICAC) noma i-Ethics ne-Anti - Corruption Commission ihlola futhi ibeke imposiso. Impumelelo yazo ixhomeke ekuzimeleni kwezombangazwe, ekwanele, nasekusekeleni okuqinile okungokomthetho.
  • Ikhomishane yezemisebenzi [ - - yengamela izimemezelo zempahla, izimpi zesithakazelo, futhi inikeza iseluleko ezinkingeni zezimiso zokuziphatha. Ivame ukusebenza emakomitini ephalamende.
  • Amakomiti okuhlela – ikakhulukazi amakomiti ama-akhawunti omphakathi namakomiti aqondisayo, ahlola izenzo zokuqondisa futhi abize izikhulu. ICommonwealth Palamentery Association iye yaveza iziqondiso zomsebenzi ophumelelayo wekomiti.
  • [ Izindikimba ze-judicicial[ – izinkantolo ezibukeza izenzo zikahulumeni zomthetho ngokomthetho nomthetho-sisekelo, kuhlanganise nezinkantolo zokuphatha.

Amapulani ezinhlangano kumelwe avinjelwe ekungeneleni kwezombangazwe ukuze asebenze ngokuphumelelayo. Amazwe amaningi abhekene nenselele “yokusebenza,” lapho izindikimba zobubonisi ziba amathuluzi eqembu elibusayo kunamathuluzi azimele awaqaphile. Ukuqinisa izivikelo, izinqubo zokumisa ezibonisayo, kanye nokuxhasa imali okufanelekile kubucayi.

Imikhuba Emihle Kakhulu Yokulandisa

Nakuba izakhiwo zinikeza lesi sakhiwo, imikhuba engcono kakhulu imelela amasu okusebenza awenza afanelekele ukulandisa ngokubusa kwansuku zonke. Le mikhuba ivela ngobuchwepheshe, izimiso zezenhlalo, kanye nezimiso zezombangazwe.

Izinyathelo Zokuqalisa Ukubona Ngokubona Kahle

Ukubona gcakasha kuyikho okuqinisekisayo ukuthi izakhamuzi nezindawo eziqondisayo ziyalandisa. Uma izakhamuzi nezindawo eziphethe zibona lokho okwenziwa uhulumeni, zingahlola ukusebenza nokufuna izincazelo. Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu ekuboneni zihlanganisa:

  • ivula amabhokisi okwaziswa - ohulumeni bashicilela ama-data emali, izivumelwano, izivumelwano zomphakathi, nokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo kumafomethi afundeka ngomshini. Izibonelo zihlanganisa i-data.gov (U.S.) nemininingwane.gov.uk (U.K.). U-Open Government Partriceshipt ikhuthaza izinyathelo ezinjalo embululweni yonke.
  • Iprojekthi - - - ukunyathelisa ukwaziswa ngaphandle kokulinda izicelo – ngokwesibonelo, ukuthumela amakhalenda okukhonza, amabhalisa okudlulisa izingcingo, nemibiko yokuhlola i-inthanethi.
  • Ukuxhumana ngokomthetho ngolimi - ukwenza ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi lukahulumeni luqondakale emphakathini, kusebenzisa u-infographics, ama-crackboard, kanye nama-fushanithi.
  • Izincwadi ze-Beneficial ye- – ifuna izinkampani ukuba zembule abanikazi bazo bangempela ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkampani ezingaziwa ezinamagobolondo ekuthungeni imali noma ekufihleni inkohlakalo. I-Financial Action Task Force (FATF) itusa lokhu.
  • uvula ukufinyela [ - - ukunyathelisa zonke izigaba zokuthengwa komphakathi, kusukela ekuhleleni ukuya emklomelweni nasekufezeni. I-Open Contractive Privineship inikeza izilinganiso namathuluzi.

Ukubona qha; kumelwe kuhlanganiswe nekhono lezakhamuzi ukusebenzisa ukwaziswa. Imithombo yezindaba, umphakathi wesizwe, nephalamende kufeza indima ebalulekile ekuhumusheni ukwaziswa okungacacile ekuqondeni okungathatha indawo.

Ukuhlolwa Nokuhlolwa Komsebenzi

Ukulandisa kudinga ukwazi ukuthi izenzo zikahulumeni zifeza imiphumela ehlosiwe yini. Ukuhlola ukusebenza kumisa izimiso zokuthola intuthuko nokuthola izinkinga. Izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zihlanganisa:

  • Ibeka izikhombi eziyinhloko (KP Is) - izisulu ezikwazi ukudlula ezihlangene nemigomo ehleliwe, njengokunciphisa amazinga okufa kwezingane nge 10% noma imvume yokwakha phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-30.
  • Uhlelo olucubungulayo[ – izinqumiso ezizimele, eziqinile zezinhlelo zikahulumeni ukuze kubonwe ukuphumelela kwazo, ukusebenza kwazo, nokulingana kwazo. I-Ofisi yoMahluleli kaHulumeni wase-U.S. kanye nezinye i-SAI iphatha amakhulu ezindlela zokuhlola ezinjalo minyaka yonke.
  • Umbiko wamakhadi okuthola iziphakamiso nomphakathi – amathuluzi okunikeza iziphakamiso aqoqa incazelo yomsebenzisi ezinkonzweni zomphakathi, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu eNdiya, e-Uganda, nase-Philippines.
  • Ibhodi yamaPublic - imiboniso yangempela yezimpawu zesihluthulelo, ivumela izikhulu nezakhamuzi ukuba zihlole ukusebenza. Izibonelo zihlanganisa iColorado Practice Management System.
  • Isixhumanisi sokuhlela uhlelo [-ukwaziswa kokwenza umsebenzi kufanele kusongezwe ezinqumweni zohlelo lokuhlela, izinhlelo eziphumelelayo nokuguqula noma ukuphela kwabasebenzi abaphansi. Ukuhlelwa kwemali esekelwe emsebenzini kuye kwamukelwa amazwe amaningi e-OECD.

Izinselele zihlanganisa izinga lokwaziswa, izisusa zezombangazwe zokulawula ukulingana kwemali, nezindleko zokuhlola. Ukwakha isiko lokwenza ubufakazi obusungulwe kudinga ukutshala imali nokuhola okuqhubekayo.

Ukuhlanganyela Kwezakhamuzi Nokuhlanganyela Ekubuseni

Ukuhlanganyela ngokuqondile nezakhamuzi ekwenzeni izinqumo nokwengamela kuqinisa ukulandisa ngokuzifunela umphakathi ngokuzinika imvume yokuzihlela nokuzihlola ukuze kutholwe. Ukuthatha izinyathelo eziphumelelayo kuhlanganisa:

  • Ukuhlelwa kwemali yesigaba [-izakhamuzi zivota indlela yokweba ingxenye yemali kamasipala. Ukuvela kwalo mkhuba ePorto Alegre, eBrazil, kuye kwasakazekela emadolobheni angaphezu kuka-7 000 emhlabeni wonke. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi kwandisa ukwaneliseka nokunciphisa ukonakala.
  • Ukuhlola kobuPublic ngezimiso kanye nezimiso [ - - ukusebenzisa amapulatifomu angaphakathi, amahholo edolobha, namaqembu abhekiselwe ekuqoqeni ukwaziswa ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe izinqumo. Amazwe amaningi adinga izikhawu eziphoqelelwe zemithetho ehlongozwayo.
  • I-Cizen collect boards – izindikimba ezihlala njalo eziluleka ngezindaba ezithile, njengemfundo noma ukwengamela kwamaphoyisa, ukunikeza isheke elilawulayo.
  • Ama-university – ama-univerties ahlolwa umphakathi wemisebenzi kahulumeni, athandwa kakhulu i-Meghalaya eNdiya lapho izakhamuzi zihlola khona imisebenzi kanye nezikhombi.
  • Ilungisa izinqubo[ - Izimiso zezakhamuzi zokukhala ngehele, njenge-Indiyaedited Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS), eziqinisekisa ukusabela phakathi kwe-frame yesikhathi esimisiwe.

Isithembiso sokwakha izakhamuzi sidinga umklamo wangamabomu ukuze sihlanganise amaqembu ancishisiwe futhi sigweme ukubanjwa abantu abaphezulu. Amathuluzi amanani angandisa ukuhlanganyela kodwa futhi akhiphe ngaphandle kwalawo angenakho i-intanethi. Ukwakha ukuthembana kubalulekile: uma ohulumeni bengayinaki imiphumela yokuhlanganyela, imizamo yokuthembisana ingaphumeleli.

Indima Yomphakathi Wasebuthweni Nabezindaba

Izinhlangano zomphakathi (CSOs) kanye nemithombo yezindaba ezizimele zisebenza njengabaxhumanisi phakathi kwezakhamuzi nombuso, zikhulisa imfuneko yokulandisa nokuhlola ububi. Ezimweni eziningi, zingabashayeli abaphumelela kakhulu bokulandisa.

I-CSOs yenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene: ihlola izenzo zikahulumeni, yenza ukucwaninga, isekela izinguquko, inikeza usizo olungokomthetho ezisulwini zesimiso sokuqondisa, futhi ikhuthaza ukucindezela komphakathi. Izibonelo zihlanganisa i-Transparency International (izentengiselwano), i-Global Win Witness (izinsizi zemvelo), kanye namaqembu aqapheyo. I-CSOS ivame ukusebenza ngezindikimba zomhlaba wonke njenge-World Bank Provionance Global Practic.

Imithombo yezindaba, ikakhulukazi imithombo yezindaba ephenyayo, idalula ukuziphatha okubi okungase kuphuthelwe izinhlangano zabaphathi. Uphenyo lwePanama Paradise, oluhlangene neNhlangano yezizwe ye-International Consorium of Investigative Maphephandaba (IIIIJ), lwembula ukugwenywa kwentela nenkohlakalo okusakazekile, okuholela ezinguqulweni zemithetho emazweni amaningi. Nokho, inkululeko yezokuxhumana ibhekene nezinsongo ezandayo embulungeni yonke, kuhlanganise nokuhlukunyezwa, ukucindezelwa okungokomthetho, kanye nokucindezela kwezomnotho. Ukuvikela ukuphepha kwentathelayo nokuzimela kwezentethelelo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Kokubili i-CSOs nemithombo yezindaba kudinga indawo ebangela ukuba yenzeke: inkululeko yokuhlangana, ukuthola ukwaziswa, nesivikelo ekuphindiseleni. Ohulumeni bangasekela lendawo ngemithetho evikela indawo yomphakathi nabasakazi bomphakathi abazimele.

Ubuchwepheshe Nokulandisa

Ubuchwepheshe bemishini bunikeza amathuluzi amasha okuveza ukukhanya, ukuthatha isinyathelo, nokwengamela kodwa futhi aletha izingozi. Intuthuko yesihluthulelo ihlanganisa:

  • I-E-e-e-e-e-panence nenkonzo ye-inthanethi ye- - - Izinkonzo zikahulumeni zokuhlanganisa izinombolo zinciphisa amathuba okufumbathisa nokuhlukumeza ngezinqubo zokuzisebenzela nangokususa abagcini-sango. Isimiso se-Estonia sombuso we-e-compal siyi-bendmark.
  • Isigodo sokunciphisa inkohlakalo ngenxa yengozi – imboni eqinile ingalandela imali esetshenziswa umphakathi, izikhokhelo zezwe, futhi inike amaketanga, okwenza ukuphamba kube nzima ukufihla. Abashayeli baseGeorgia nase Sweden babonisa isithembiso sesiqu sezwe sokubhalisa.
  • Ukuhlolwa kwezibalo nokwengamela - - Imithetho yokufunda yomshini ingahlaziya ama-memorial emininingwane emikhulu yezivumelwano noma amafaksi entela yokufushanisa i-omalialies. IHhovisi leZizwe Ezihlangene ngezidakamizwa ne-Crime (UNDC) lihlola i-AIF ukuze lithole izindlela zokonakala.
  • [ Ukuhlola kwezezindaba - ohulumeni no-CSOs basebenzisa ukuhlaziya komzwelo nokubika amathuluzi ukuzwa izikhalazo zezakhamuzi nokudluliswa kwenkonzo. Nokho, lokhu kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka kobumfihlo futhi kungasetshenziselwa ukuqapha.
  • Izimiso ze-digital ze- – izinombolo zokuhlukanisa zingahamba zihambisa inkonzo kodwa futhi zidala izingozi zokuzihlukanisa nokulandelana kwe-athorital. Isimiso se-Aadhaar eNdiya sisalokhu siphikisana.

Ubuchwepheshe abuyona ikhambi. Ingahlanganisa amandla akhona uma eklanywe ngaphandle komfakela emaqenjini aphansi. Ukungangeni kokwaziswa, ukufihla imininingwane, kanye nokuhlukanisa amanani okungabhekiswa kukho. Isimiso se “impahla yomphakathi ye-" – umphandle ovulekile, umthombo okhanyayo, nezimiso ezigcwele – singaqondisa ukwamukelwa ngokwezimiso.

Izinselele Zokulandisa

Ngisho noma kunezindlela eziqinile nemikhuba emihle, izithiyo ezinkulu ziyaphikelela.

  • Imali yentando yezombangazwe[ - iziqu zivame ukumelana nokubonana nokuqondisa ngoba ukulandisa kusongela izithakazelo zabo. Izinguquko zingamiswa kodwa zingangamiswa, noma izinhlangano zobubonisi zingalamba imithombo. Ukwakha imifelandawonye phakathi kwabashisekeli benguquko phakathi kukahulumeni nangaphandle kuyisihluthulelo.
  • Ukuzingela nokubamba [ – uma ukonakala kuyisimiso, izinhlangano zokwengamela zona ngokwazo zingakhonakaliswa noma zilawulwe yizikhulu ezibusayo. Lokhu kudinga ukucindezela okuphansi komphakathi womphakathi kanye nemibandela yomhlaba wonke.
  • Ukubusa komthetho nokuzimela kokwahlulela – ngaphandle kwezinkantolo ezizimisele ukumisa imithetho emelene nezikhulu ezinamandla, izisekelo zomthetho azinamazinyo. Ukuguqula nokuvikela abahluleli kuyizidingo.
  • [ Imithombo elinganiselwe kanye nekhono - Ojenene abazwayo, ompunga, kanye nezinhlangano ezimelene nokonakala ngokuvamile azinazo izisebenzi, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nohlelo lokuhlela ukuze benze umsebenzi wabo ngokuphumelelayo. Izisebenzi ezithuthukisa umhlaba zingasiza ngezimali nangosizo lobuchwepheshe.
  • Izimiso ezingokokuziphatha kanye nezenhlalo[ – kweminye imiphakathi, izinxoxo zezegunya nokuzimela kuwenqabela ukudideka okufunwa yigunya. Imfundo nemikhankaso yokunika amandla kungashintsha izinqubo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
  • Izaziso ze-atmmetring kanye nobunkimbinkimbi - izenzo zikahulumeni zivame ukuba ezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, okwenza kube nzima ngezakhamuzi ukuhlola ukusebenza. Ukwaziswa okulula nokunikeza ukuhlaziywa kusiza ukuba kuvinjwe leligebe.
  • Ukugwema kwesimiso sokuphatha - - Izisebenzi zomphakathi zingase zesabe ukulandisa njengesijeziso, okuholela ekuziphatheni okunengozi noma ukumelana nokungenzi lutho. Ukwakha isiko lokulandisa eligcizelela ukufunda nokuthuthukisa kunokujezisa kubalulekile.

Ukusingatha lezi zinselele kudinga indlela eqhubekayo, enezikhundla eziningi ehlanganisa izinguquko ezingokomthetho, ukuqinisa izikhungo zomphakathi, amandla omphakathi, nokuzihlomisa kwezombangazwe.

Isiphetho

Ukulandisa kuhulumeni akuyona inqubo eqhubekayo yokwakha izinhlangano, izinqubo, nemikhuba eqinisekisa amandla omphakathi ifeza isithakazelo somphakathi. Izimiso nemikhuba emihle ebekwe kulesi sihloko – izinqabi ezingokomthetho, ukuqondisa okuzimele, ukubonakala, ukugada, ukubeka izakhamuzi, nokusungula izinto zobuchwepheshe – ukunikeza imephu yezokulandisa. Nokho, impumelelo ixhomeke ekuqiniseni isibindi nasezibopheni kombuso, izikhonzi zomphakathi, nezakhamuzi ukuba zifune nokuziphendulela. Njengoba umsebenzi wobuzwelo lonke [[FLT:] IBHANT] isebenza ngokulawula, ukuhlanganisa izakhamuzi, nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zezokulandisa, isho ukuthi uhulumeni uzoba nesibopho sokuziphendulela imibuso ecebile; kodwa ayiyona impumelelo, ukuthuthuka, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlanganisa nezokuthula. Ngokuthatha umthwalo wemfanelo ohulumeni abakanye.