Isiqalo: Isizathu Sokuba Ukuqamba Ngephutha Kubaluleke Kakhulu Manje Kunanini

Ama-transformation asuka ekukhathazekeni okusemqoka aba usongo olukhulu kakhulu ezinhlanganweni zentando yeningi emhlabeni wonke. Kulenkathi yezibalo, amanga asakazeka ngokushesha, afinyelela izibukeli ezibanzi, futhi aphethe amandla ashukumisa kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Indaba eyodwa eqanjiwe ingathatha igciwane phakathi namahora, ilolonge umbono womphakathi, ishintshe imiphumela yokukhetha, futhi ngisho ifake ngisho nokuphila engozini. Kusukela kumthetho we-"Pizagate" uzungu olwaholela endodeni ehlobeni lokungena eWashington, D.C., indawo yokudlela yezindaba ezilwa ne-vaclication eziphendumisayo ezibhethelisa izitho, imiphumela yangempela ingenakuphikwa.

Idemokrasi ixhomeke esazini somphakathi esinolwazi. Uma abavoti bengenakuvumelana ngamaqiniso ayisisekelo, ukuhlahlela, nokuhlahlela kujule. Ukuthembela kwemithombo yezindaba, uhulumeni, nesayensi kuyakhukhuleka. Njengoba umcosheli nomcwaningi uTom Nichols ephikisayo, ukuphela kolwazi akuyona nje inkinga yemfundo yemfundo eyisisekelo, ukuhlasela okuqondile emandleni emphakathi ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi njengeqembu. Lesi sihloko sichaza amakhono adingekayo ukuze kuqondiswe indalo ehlanekezelwe, kuhloselwe ukuba abafundi ukuba babe abathengi abagxeka ngokwengeziwe olwazi nabavikela izimiso zentando yeningi.

Umphumela Wokwaziswa Okungalungile Ngentando Yeningi

Ukudukiswa kokwaziswa okungalungile akudidani nje abantu; kushintsha indlela imiphakathi esebenza ngayo. Ngezansi kunezindlela eziyinhloko lapho ukwaziswa okungamanga kulimaza khona izinqubo nezinhlangano zentando yeningi.

Abangathembani Ezinhlanganweni

Ukuthembana kuyikhosha lokukhokha idemokrasi. Uma izakhamuzi zilahlekelwa ukholo enqubweni yokuvota, i-jadiary, noma izindaba, sonke isimiso somkhankaso siwohloka. Imikhankaso yokuhlola iMisformation ivame ukuhlasela lezinsika ngamabomu. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nokhetho lukamongameli wase-2020 eU.S., ukunqwabelana kokukhomba okungamanga okuphathelenelwayo ngokuvota okusakazekile. Ngokwemiphumela eqhubekayo yokukhokhwabayo. Uphethi Lwezi oluyi-Precity [, kuphela 42% wamaMelika aveza ukuthembeka okukhulu noma isilinganiso sokungalinganiswa kwenqubo yokhetho ngisho nangaphambi kwevoti. Base enyanyekayo, nemiphumela engapheli ngenxa yokukhonzwa ngokwentando yentando yentando yentando yentando yeningi.

Ngaphandle kokhetho, izikhungo zezempilo zomphakathi ezidukisayo ziye zanciphisa amazinga okugoma, okuholela ekuqubukeni okungagwemeki. INhlangano Yezwe Yezempilo iye yabiza ukusakazeka kokwaziswa okungamanga okungokwempilo ngokuthi "i-infodemic" eyenza kube nzima ukusabela kobhadane. Uma abantu bengathembani neziphathimandla zezempilo, bayazishaya indiva izinyathelo zokusindisa ukuphila futhi baphendukela ekutholeni amakhambi, ngezinye izikhathi kube nemiphumela ebulalayo.

Ukhanyisa Umphakathi Futhi Ufaka Umehluko Oqinile

Amaphutha athandwayo ngezimbangela ezingokomzwelo. Ukuneliswa okubangela intukuthelo, ukwesaba, noma intukuthelo kuvame ukuhlanganyelwa. Lokhu kusunduza abantu ezindaweni zokunanela lapho beqabukela bebona ubufakazi obuphikisanayo. Izimiso zezembu jikelele zokuxhumana zilinganisele ukuthembisana, zinganemba, ziphinde zihlukane. [[FLT:] i-study ekhishwa ngokushesha i-Scencessssss [[FLT]] yathola ukuthi izindaba ezingamanga zisakazeke ngokuphindwe kasithupha kuneqiniso le Tun, ikakhulukazi ezihlokweni zezombangazwe. Lokhu kukhishwa ngokushesha kukhishwa [ipesenti], ukwenza ukuchaphaza kwesiphambaza engxenye ecishe kungabi naka.

Izehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu, ukuhlanekezelwa kwemibono engekho mthethweni kuye kwabangela ubudlova. Isibhelu sesithupha sikaCapitol eUnited States sandulelwa izinyanga zokumangalela ngokhetho olwebiwe. Ngokufanayo, eNdiya, amahemuhemu angenayo asakazwayo ngezono kanye nobudlova bomphakathi. Uma izakhamuzi zingavumelani ngeqiniso, ikhambi elinokuthula lempi yezombangazwe liba yinqaba.

Uveza Umbono Womphakathi Nokukhishwa Kwemiphumela

Abadlali bangaphandle nasekhaya basebenzisa amaphutha njengethuluzi lokulawula kwezombangazwe. Phakathi nokhetho lukamongameli wase-2016, imikhankaso yokungenela kweRussia yasebenzisa ama-akhawunti ezenhlalo ezezokuxhumana nezikhangiso ukuze kubhekwe izindaba ezihlukanisayo. Umbiko we-Senate Intelligence Committee [[[FLT: 1]] wafakazela indlela i-Agency yokucwaninga ye-Internet egxile ngayo ekufakeni izihloko ezithile ezisemqoka. Nakuba ithonya eliqondile ekuziphatheni komvoti liphikisana, umzamo wabangela ukudidelwa nokungathembana.

I-Misproduction ibuye ihlanekezele izimpikiswano zezimiso. E-United Kingdom, ukuzisholo okungamanga ngezinzuzo ze-Brexit − njengezigidi eziwuyilo ze-$350 ngesonto ze-National Health Service(---schemed). Ngemva kokuvota okungahlolwanga. Ngemva kwe-corestendamum, isikhulu esiphethe savuma ukuthi ayizange ithembiswe imali enjalo. Nokho ukulandisa kwaqhubeka. Ukuhlolwa konyaka ka-2019 kwathola ukuthi cishe ingxenye yabavoti bavoti isakholelwa ukuthi i-NHS yayizothola leyo mali, ibonisa indlela ukuqamba amanga okungaqhubeka ngayo nokuthonya umbono womphakathi ngemva kokuba iqediwe.

Usongo Lokuphepha Komphakathi Phakathi Nezikhathi Zokuphazamiseka

Phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo, ukwaziswa okuqondile kuyindaba yokuphila nokufa ngokoqobo. Umqedazwe we-COVOVID-19 wabona ukukhula kokwaziswa okuyingozi: ukuphulukisa okungamanga njengokuphuza ibleach, ukugomela ukuthi kubangela ukuncishwa komoya - mpilo, nemibono yozungu yokuthi leligciwane liyinkohliso. La manga abangela ukulimala kwangempela. Ukuhlola [ku- u-Annual Review of Public Health[[ kwathola ukuthi ukudulwa kwamagama angezinga lokugoma. Izibhedlela emiphakathini emelene ne-ficio-vaccine zanqotshwa, futhi izisebenzi ezinakekela impilo zabhekana nokuhlukunyezwa yiziguli ezazikholelwa ukuthi zazingu "akking" umqeda.

Izinhlekelele zemvelo zikhanga futhi izimpoqo. Phakathi neSiphepho iHarvey neSiphepho uFlorence, izigxobo ezingamanga zokuphanga nezindlela zivala imithombo yesimo esiphuthumayo engekho phambili. Ku-2018 California izimoto zamahemuhemu ukuthi ukukhishwa kukagesi kwabangelwa abaqondisi bezindawo ezithile zezombangazwe kwaholela ekusongeleni. Izinhlangano zokuphepha zomphakathi manje zihlale zihlola imithombo yezokuxhumana ngokuphamba amahemu alimazayo, kodwa umonakalo uyenzeka ngaphambi kokuba iqiniso lifinyele.

Isayensi Yengqondo Ebangela Ukuba Sidumazeke

Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani abantu bekholelwa futhi behlanganyela ukwaziswa okungamanga kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela ukungezwani kwengqondo nezici ezishukumisa umphakathi kwenza abantu babe sengozini.

Ukuqinisekisa I - bias Nokucabanga Okushukunyiswayo

Abantu banokuthambekela okunamandla kokufuna ukwaziswa okuqinisekisa izinkolelo zabo ezikhona futhi balahle ubufakazi obuphikisana nazo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa kuba namandla kakhulu uma isihloko sihlobene nobuni noma ubulungu beqembu. Ukucabanga okushukumisayo . Ukulungisa ukwaziswa ngendlela efeza umgomo okhona ngokomzwelo ngqa ngqa, kuvumela abantu ukuba bamukele izinkulumo ezivumelana nombono womhlaba wabo ngisho nalapho ubufakazi bubuthakathaka. Ngokwesibonelo, umuntu ongathembi uhulumeni uyoyikholelwa kalula indaba ephathelene nokonakala okungokomthetho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ivela kumuphi umthombo. Lokhu kwenza ukulahla okunzima: amaqiniso ngokuvamile alahlwa njengokuhlasela okunezinhloso eziqinile esikhundleni sokulungisa okungalawuleki.

Ukushelela Nokujwayelana

Ukuchayeka ngokuphindaphindiwe ekutheni kuveza iqiniso eliqanjiwe. I- eveza iqiniso eliyikhombayo [ isho ukuthi ngisho nenkulumo eyaqashelwa kuqala njengeyiphutha ingazizwa iyiqiniso ngemva kokuyizwa kaningi. Yingakho imikhankaso yokungaqondi kahle ivame ukusebenzisa ukuphindaphinda okufanayo emapulatifomu ahlukene, ngamafomethi ahlukene, kuze kube "ulwazi oluvamile" "ulwazi oluvamile" i-algorithms ex exbabbe i-octives ezibox zixs ezifanayo zemistry ezilandisweni eziningi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umngcele phakathi kwalokho okuzwiwayo nalokho okuyiqiniso.

Ukukhanga Ngokomzwelo Namandla Ashukumisayo

Izindaba ezivusa intukuthelo enamandla − ikakhulukazi intukuthelo, noma ukwesaba — zikhumbuleka kakhulu futhi zivame ukuhlanganyelwa. IMishformation ivame ukufakwa ekulandiseni okuphoqelelayo: umshayi wempepho oyiqhawe, incazelo elula yenkinga eyinkimbinkimbi. Lezizindaba zanelisa isidingo esingokwengqondo sokulalela nokulawula. Zinikeza amakhonya namaqhawe, izimpendulo eziqinisekile zemibuzo engaqondakali. Izici ezenza izindaba zihileleke (amama, izingxabano, ikhambi) yizona ezixhaphazwayo ama - purvey amanga.

Ubufakazi Bomphakathi Nokubambisana Kwamaqembu

Abantu babheka kwabanye ukuze baqonde ukuthi yini okufanele bayikholelwe, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezingaqinisekile. Uma ukuqamba amanga kuphumelela engosini yokuxhumana, inani elikhulu lesabelo nelokuthanda lingaba ubufakazi obungokwenhlalo. Abantu bangase bacindezele ukungabaza kwabo siqu ukuze bavumelane neqembu. Lokhu kunamandla kakhulu ekuthumeleni imiyalezo evaliwe njenge-Achsapp ne-Telegram, lapho izingxoxo zangasese zingaphoqelela khona izwe elilodwa ukuba libone. Ukungabi namibono ehlukene kulezindawo eziseduze kwenza amalungu angazivumeli ukuba avume izigwebo zangaphandle.

Indima Yezinkulumo Zemithombo Yezindaba Engokwenhlalo Ezibangela Ukungaqondi Okuhle

Nakuba ukwaziswa okunganembile bekulokhu kukhona, imithombo yezokuxhumana iye yathuthukisa kakhulu ukufinyelela nokuthonya kwayo.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwemithetho Yomthetho Nokuhlanganyela

Ama-clup ezezindaba zezenhlalo ziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelelwa kwe-Science Review[[FLT: 1] isikhathi sokusebenza, ukukhulumela, nokusabela. Ukuhlanganyela ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ngokunamandla angokomzwelo, futhi okungamanga kuvame ukubangela intukuthelo enkulu kunezindaba eziqinisekisiweyo. [i-Harvard Data Data Review [[ iphawula ukuthi i-algorings ezifaka igciwane elisemqoka ngokungaqondisi. Iqophekisiwe njenge Facebook ingabonisa umsethi oyindathakazelo ngoba ugcina umqulu, ngisho noma indaba ifinyelwe njengenkohliso ngenkombano yokuhlola amaqiniso. Inkozo yezentebo yezentelekelelo yeze.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulatifomu aye athatha kancane ngokomlando ukwenza ngokumelene nemithombo edumile edinga ukwaziswa okunganembile ngenxa yezinkinga zamasheya kanye nengozi yabasebenzisi abaphambukayo. Izinyathelo eziyingxenye njengezithako zokufaka amagama eziphikiswayo − zinokuxubana. i-[FLT] i-Facuty Famial Emqondweni womuntu [[ [FLT]] [[FLT]] [FLT]] [3] ithola ukuthi amalebula esixwayiso anganciphisa inkolelo ezihlokweni eziphambili kodwa anemiphumela elinganiselwe ezihlombekweni zokwabelana. I-i-i-Platformings zinciphisa ukufinyelela kodwa ngokuvamile zibahambisa izikhala ezingalinganiyo lapho ithonya lazo lingakhungenwa ngisho nangokwengeziwe.

Izingxenye Zomhlobiso Nezinhlayiya Eziseceleni

Abasebenzisi bezokuxhumana bathambekele ekulandeleni ama-akhawunti anezingqondo kanye nokusebenzelana phakathi kwemifelandawonye yemibono. Imithetho-mthetho iqinisa lokhu ngokutusa okuqukethwe okufana nalokho abasebenzisi abasubathi abake bakwenza. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu babanjwa emaphashini amahlumela lapho bethola khona kuphela ukwaziswa okuqinisa izinkolelo zabo ezikhona. Ucwaningo lwePew Research Center lwathola ukuthi abasebenzisi ababambelele ngokungaguquki futhi abakhululekile abanobuthi behlala ngokuhlukana kwezezindaba, ngaphandle kokulingana kakhulu. Lokhu kuxega okuchachachazela kwenza abantu bathambekele kakhulu ekutheni bangabangeni emangeni ngoba abakholi kakhulu abakhokhi abanegunya abavela ngaphandle kwegebhulu.

Ukusabela kwe-Plat kuPolitiki yamuva

Ekusabeleni ekucindezeleni komphakathi nasekuvimbeleni uhulumeni, amapulatifomu amakhulu asebenzisa izinguquko ezihlukahlukene. I-witter (manje u-X) iqala ukuhlola iqiniso elisekelwe emphakathini nge-] Community Nothi [, iFacebook yandisa uhlelo lwayo lwesithathu lokuhlola iqiniso nezindawo ezikhona, futhi i-UuTube inciphise ukutusa komngcele okuqukethwe yi-'mgano'. Nokho, ukuphoqesha kuye kwashintshana. Ngaphansi kwemithetho emisha, X uye wabuyisela ama-akhawunti amaningi angaphambili aye abekwa futhi ancishisiwe ezindaweni ezinamatheliselwe emuva. Umzabalazo womthwalo weze-teinst nowe-octal Union awerighty's Actal ne-Malay's Acts of antiasessssssssssss, kodwa incindingcush, incike kakhulu kodwa incinda kakhulu kodwa incinda kakhulu.

Amakhono Abalulekile Okulwa Nokwaziswa Okungafanele

Nakuba kudingeka izinguquko zesimiso, abantu ngabanye bangathuthukisa namakhono awusizo ukuze bazivikele bona nezindawo abahlala kuzo. La makhono angokwemvelo, okumelwe afundiswe futhi asetshenziswe.

Ukucabanga Okubucayi

Ukucabanga okugxekayo kuhilela ukuzimisela ukungabaza komuntu kanye nokusho kwabanye. Abaqondisi bayabuza: Yibuphi ubufakazi obusekela lokhu? Yini engakuphikisa? Ubani ongakuphikisa? Ngingakukholelwa lokhu? Umcuphi ogxekayo akakufuni konke ukwaziswa kodwa akukuhloniphi ngendlela ehlelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ehlangana nesihloko esikhulu sezindaba esisha, yima ngaphambi kokuba uhlanganyele nabanye. Buza ukuthi lokho kuvela kuphi imithombo eminingi ethembekile. Bheka imithombo eyinhloko. Bheka usuku lwezindaba olusha njengendlela entsha yokuqanjiwe.

Ukuhlola Umthombo

Akuyona yonke imithombo elinganayo. Funda ukuhlaziya ukuthembeka: Ubani owanyathelisa ukwaziswa? Isizinda sawo? Ingabe anesisusa sezimali noma sezombangazwe sokusonta? Ingabe bacaphuna ubufakazi obuqinisekisiwe? News Literacy Project[ itusa "Ukufunda Ngokuqhubekayo" indlela: kunokuba uhlale ekhasini lokuqala ukuze uhlole, vula ama-tab amasha ukuze ubone ukuthi imiphi eminye imithombo ethembekile eshoyo ngommemezeli. Nhlangano engemva kwento. Indawo ene- org indawo ingaba ne-screctorives nocwaningo ontanga uma kungenzeka.

Ukuvinjelwa Kweqiniso

Iqiniso liyikhono elingasetshenziswa nsuku zonke. Phambi kokuhlanganyela indaba evusa inkanuko, vakashela ingosi yokuhlola iqiniso. Snopets ihlanganisa ububanzi benhlansi ye-nternet. FactC. ibhekisa phambili ku-U.S.. . . [[FLT:]] [FLT:] POLIct [ amazinga asho iQotact [icity asho iQoct [icity-O-Meter]. Izinhlangano zomhlaba ezinjenga hlola [FLT] [FL:] ne [FL:] Alt [FT] [F9] ehlela-enzationscential-encestingstivestivesss ezisethi ezivamile ze-ezobuzwezwezwe-indiyobuzwe-iNdiyayobu

Ulwazi lwemidiya

Ukwazi ukudayisa imithombo yezindaba kusho ukuqonda indlela isayensi yezokuxhumana esebenza ngayo: indlela ekhiqizwa ngayo, esakazwa ngayo, futhi esetshenziswa ngayo. Qaphela ukuthi akuyona yonke imithombo yezindaba enezindinganiso ezifanayo zomhleli. Ukuncishiselwa kwemingeni yokwaziswa kuyabiza, ngakho ezinye izinhlelo eziphambili ezifaka inzuzo ezikhungethe inzuzo ephambili. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwezindaba, umbono, ukukhangisa, nokudayisa. Umuntu okhuluma ngezindaba uqaphela ukuthi indaba enemifanekiso ephawulekayo nolimi oluhlaba umxhwele kungaklanyelwa ukuguqula imizwelo, kungasazisa. Izemfundo yezezindaba ezikoleni zingenye yezinqubo eziphumelela kakhulu zokufundisa ezifundisayo ukuze kuvunye izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokudukiswa.

Ukufunda Ngezinombolo

Ukufunda ngemishini kuhlanganisa amakhono obuchwepheshe okuhamba nge-inthanethi ngokuphephile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqonda indlela i-algorithms yemiphumela yokuhlola, indlela imithombo yezokuxhumana eyondla ngayo, nendlela yokuhlukanisa i-bot noma indlela yokuhlanganisa ukuziphatha okungavumelaniyo. Ngokwesibonelo, umsebenzisi okwazi ukufunda imishini angabona i-bot ebhaliwe ngokuhlola ukuphelela kwendaba, i-akhawunti, iminyaka yokuhlola, ukuphindaphinda, nokubopha. Bayazi ukusebenzisa ukuphenya ukuphenya ukuphenya isithombe ukuze bahlole ukuthi isithombe sithathwe ngaphandle komomongomongophi. Baqonda futhi incazelo eyimfihlo yokuhlanganyela ulwazi lomuntu siqu olungase kusetshenziswe enjini yobuchwepheshe noma emincane ekwenziwe.

Izindlela Zokufundisa Othisha, Abazali Nabantu Abahlukahlukene

Ukulwa nokungaqondi kahle kudinga umzamo ohlukahlukene: imfundo yasesikoleni, ukuba umzali, imfundo eqondile nokuthembisana umphakathi.

Kubafundisi

Imithombo yezindaba nokufunda izihloko zezindaba ezisezifundweni zesikole ezikhona manje, hhayi nje ezifundweni zezenhlalo. Sebenzisa izibonelo zezwe langempela. njengokungathi ulahla amahemuhemu empilo egciwane lesayensi noma uhlaziya isikhangiso sezombangazwe kubantu. Khuthaza abafundi ukuba bazenzele ngokwabo imisebenzi eyiqiniso. Banikeze ukuba balandele ukusakazeka kwamahemuhemu akhethekile nencwadi echazayo indlela eshintsha ngayo njengoba ihamba emapulatifomu. Memela izintatheli zendawo ukuba zikhulume ngemikhuba eyiqiniso. Umgomo uwukwenza ukusetshenziswa kolwazi okugxeka umkhuba, hhayi isifundo esisodwa.

Lapho abafundi beqonda ukuthi wonke umuntu angavunywa ubandlululo, cishe ngeke balwenze ukuzivikela emaphutha abo. Yenza ikilasi libe nesizinda esiphephile lapho uvuma khona ukuthi unephutha. Ukungaboni iphutha kuyindlela yokufunda, hhayi ukuhluleka.

Abazali Nabanakekeli

Izingane zichayeka ekuqashweni kwangesikhathi zisesesikoleni esiphansi. Abazali kufanele babe nezingxoxo eziqhubekayo ngalokho ezikubonayo kuyi-intanethi. Yingamele futhi ixoxe ngezindaba ezithenjelwayo. Izindlela ezinhle zokuhlola izinto: iqiniso ngaphambi kokwabelana, futhi zivume uma uhlanganyele okuthile okungamanga. Beka imingcele phakathi kwesikhathi sobucukubhede bezokuxhumana, futhi sebenzisa ukuqondisa kwabazali hhayi njengendlela yokuqondisa izingane ezingeni elifanele, imithombo ethembekile. Ikhuthaza ukungathembi izingane ukuba zithembe izinhlangano ezisekela imibhalo yemikhondo yezembobo nezokulandisa.

Kubantu Abasebenza NabaseMphakathini

I-Misproinformation ayigcini emnyango wehhovisi. Amakhampani anganikeza ukuqeqeshwa ngenhlanzeko yokwaziswa, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini lapho izisebenzi ziphatha khona ukwaziswa okusheshayo noma zixhumana nomphakathi. Ikhuthaza isiko lapho izisebenzi zizizwa zinikwe amandla okungaqiniseki ngokwaziswa okungaqiniseki. Ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi, amashabhu abonisa iziteshi ezisetshenziswayo ezicushiwe , izimpompo, nezithombe eziqeshiwe. Amalayisense ngokuvamile anikeza imithombo yamahhala nezifundo zezobuchwepheshe. Abaholi bomphakathi, kuhlanganise nezikhulu zenkolo nezomphakathi, bangakhonza njengamanxusa athenjwayo olwazi oluqondile, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini egwegwazwa njalo elawulwa yimikhankambiso.

Ukufinyelela Kwemithetho Nemithetho: Indima Yohulumeni

Amakhono nokuzihlela komuntu siqu kwanele. Ukusabela okuhlangene kudingekile ukuze abadlali abanamandla balandise futhi bakhe indawo lapho iqiniso lingancintisana khona.

Izimfuneko Zokubona Kahle Nezokulandisa

I-European Union’s Digital Services Services Act (DSA) idinga amapulatifomu amakhulu ukuze abonakale kakhulu ngemithetho-mithetho yawo nokukhangisa. Igunyaza ukuhlolwa kwengozi yokwenaba kokungavunyelwe nokwaziswa okungekho emthethweni. I-Platform kudinga ukunikeza imininingwane kubacwaningi abafunda ngemiphumela ye-societal. Umthetho ofanayo uyacatshangelwa eCanada, e-Brazil, nase-Australia. E-United States, i-ALT [FLD: 0] Acts Act Ads Act yolwazi lwezepolitiki kufune ukuba kudluliswe izikhangiso zeze imithombo yemali, inciphise ukuphazamisa kwemizwa kwemizwa kwemizwa kwemizwa. Ukubonisa gcawulo kuphela akuyenzi ukungayenzi ukukho okungagunyaza okunga, kodwa kuvumela ukuqondisa okuzimele nokuhlola umphakathi.

Ukunelisa Ukulinganisela Nempikiswano Yokukhuluma

Ohulumeni babhekene nokulinganisela okubucayi: ukuvikela ukukhulumela okukhululekile kuyilapho benqanda amanga alimazayo. Amanye amazwe aye amisa imithetho eqinile emelene ne-millition, njengesivikelo seSingapore ku-Online Dissicodess no-Manippect Act, enika iziphathimandla amandla okukhipha iziluleko nokuzigcina zigcwele. Abagxeki baphikisa lemithetho ukuba ithulwe ngokumelene nomthetho. Kuhulumeni, noma isiphi isimiso kumelwe sihlanganise inqubo enamandla yokuvikela, ukwengamele, nomehluko ocacile phakathi kwamangamanga ayingozi nombono ovikelekile. Ikhambi elingcono lihilela ukubekwa kwemithetho esemthethweni: uhulumeni ubeka izindinganiso, futhi iziteji ezithiwazisa ukugqamisa, ukubukezwa kwezomthetho.

Ukusekela Ukufundwa Nokucwaningwa Kwemithombo Yezindaba

Ohulumeni bangafaka izimali emikhankasweni yemfundo yomphakathi ehlobisa izakhamuzi ngamakhono okubona nokumelana nokungaqondi kahle. Ngokwesibonelo, iFinland iye yahlanganisa ukufunda imithombo yezindaba nezifundo zayo kusukela ngo-2014 futhi manje iholela i-Europe ekubhekaneni nenkohliso ye-intanethi. Izimemezelo zenkonzo yomphakathi, ukubambisana nemitapo yezincwadi, nokunikeza imvume yokuhlola ngokwayo ngemisebe eyimfihlo yezentengiselwano eziyizindleko. Umphakathi wokucwaninga udinga ukusekela ngokuqhubekayo ekuthuthukiseni amathuluzi okuhlola, amasu asebenza nge-injini, futhi ulinganise ukuphumelela kokungenela.

Imithombo Yemfundo Eqhubekayo

Le mithombo elandelayo inikeza ukwaziswa okunganembile, ukuqapha amaqiniso, nokufunda imithombo yezindaba. Zisebenzisele ukuzifundisa noma amathuluzi ekilasini.

  • FactCkeck.org [U.S.] - ihlola ukunemba okuyiqiniso kokusho kwezikhulu zomphakathi. Njalo guqula isici se "Misformation Watch".
  • Izinqwithela – Isekhodi esidala nesibanzi kakhulu se-inthanethi. Imbobo yezindaba, izinganekwane zasedolobheni, kanye namasuntswana asemadolobheni agcwele ukushwabana.
  • Iprojekthi yezindaba yokubhala nokubhala - Inikeza umgangatho wesihle "Ceckology" kuthisha nabafundi, uhlanganisa izihloko ezinjengobandlululo, ubufakazi, nemithetho yezokuxhumana.
  • I-media Literacy Manje – Ummeleli womthetho wezenyuziya-lwazi wezezindaba wezesayensi yolwazi nokunikeza iziqondiso zokucwaninga nezifundo.
  • Common Sense Media – I-Reference apps, imidlalo, kanye namawebhusayithi okugcizelelwa ekufundiseni nasekufaneleni konyaka.
  • [[[UMTL:0] Poynter Institute’s Mediaw - igxila ekufundiseni intsha nasebekhulile indlela yokuhlela iqiniso ngendaba eqanjiwe kuyi-inthanethi.
  • [[UMTL:0] Izindaba zedraft – (Igcwele kodwa ibalulekile) inikeza abaqondisi bezokuhlola okuqukethwe omsebenzisi kanye nokulwa nokwaziswa okunganembile kwe-COVOID-19.
  • YEVSDisinfo – A umsebenzi we Nkonzo yaseYurophu yangaphandle edalula imikhankaso ye-pro-Kremlin yokwaziswa.

Isiphetho: Umzamo Oqhubekayo

I-mistinfory akuyona inkinga engaxazululwa ngethuluzi elilodwa noma umthetho. Iyisici sokwakha sendawo yokwaziswa yanamuhla, ebunjwe ngobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kwengqondo, izomnotho, nezombangazwe. Amakhono abalulekile ahlelwe lapha /(ukucabanga okuhluzekile, ukuhlola umthombo, ukuhlola, imithombo yezindaba ne-athomu lokubhala) akuyona into ekhethelwe izakhamuzi embusweni wentando yeningi.

Ukwakha i-equotical enempilo kudinga ukuthatha isinyathelo nganoma yiliphi izinga: abantu kumelwe basebenzise amasu okungaqiniseki, othisha kumelwe bafake lamakhono endleleni abafundisa ngayo, iziteshi kumelwe zilungise izisusa zabo, futhi abenzi bezimiso kumelwe bakhe izinsimbi ezivikela ukukhulumela okukhululekile kuyilapho belula ukulimala. Umsebenzi uyaqhubeka futhi uphuthuma. Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho umuntu ethula ngaphambi kokuba ahlanganyele, isikhathi ngasinye lapho umfundi efunda ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uqinisile, isikhathi ngasinye lapho ipulatifomu lisusa umkhankaso oxoxisanayo, idemokhrasi iba namandla amancane. Ukulwa nokwaziswa okulwa nokunqoba impi, kudinga ukuthuthukisa ukuphumelela kokugcina inkulumo yedemocrali, ukuvula, futhi kusekelwe eqinisweni.