IRaje Sabra: Umkhandlu Obucayi Wokuhlangana Kwabefundisi

Umbono ophambili wezwe laseNdiya wezwe elihlangene. Izwe elimatasa kakhulu elihlala emadolobheni aqhelile, liphethe izihloko eziphambili zezimiso eziqinile, ukusekela imali, nokuqondisa kwephalamende. Ekujuleni kwalesi sakhiwo kukhona iRajiya Sabba, i-Council of States, esebenza njengendlu ephezulu yePhalamende laseNdiya. Nakuba iLokha Sabha ivame ukubusa izihloko eziphambili, iRajiya Sabha ifeza indima ebalulekile ekulongeni umthetho owe, ukucubunga izimali, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izithakazelo ezihlukahlukene zezindawo ziboniswa emikhakheni exhumanayo. Kusukela ePradmari Bradaya Yaja (MGS) ehlanganisa izindawo zasemadolobheni ezishintshayo, i-Ranjiya Sabbaha, i-Spady, ithonya lemisebenzi yemigwane, neminye imiya yemiya, neminye imikhosi, neminye imikhosi yemigwaqo, neminye imikhumbi.

UMthetho - sisekelo Nohlelo Lokumelela

Ngokungafani neLok Sabba, enamalungu akhethwa ngokuqondile abantu, iRaje Sabha yakhiwa abameleli abakhethwe amalungu ezinhlangano zikahulumeni ze-Rosalti. Lokhu kukhetha okungaqondile kuqinisekisa ukuthi indlu ephezulu isebenza njengomgcini wezinzuzo zikahulumeni, inikeza indawo yesifunda lapho izimpikiswano zezwe zixoxwa khona ngaphambi kokuba imithetho yezwe ngalinye iqedwe. ISiphakamiso 80 soMthetho-sisekelo wase-Ndiya simisa phansi ukwakheka kwe-Rapya Sabba, namalungu amele amazwe nezindawo ezihlangene. Lomklamo wokwakha ubaluleke kakhulu ngemisebenzi yezokuxhumana, njengoba iphoqeqesha abakha izinqubo zezimiso zezindawo ezikhethekile, ngokwezomnotho, nezenhlalo yezenhlalo, njengoba ivimbela ukuba izinselele zezwe ngalinye. Ngokwesibonelo, ilungu elivela e-Arunarchshshsh kungaqokomisa isidingo segqubusweni ne-optic, kanti amalungu e-Maharshatra eqeqeqeqele yezimiso ze-mibutho lasedolo. I-Seyka ingenza ukuba kuviswe izikhulu ukuba kuvikelwe izikhulu ukuba iqinisekise ukuba isizwe ukuba isizwe ukuba i

Indima Engokomthetho Ezincwadini Zokuhlangana Nezigebengu Eziqinile

IRaje Sabra ayisona nje isitembu senjoloba sezindleko ezidluliswa yi-Lok Sabha. Ngaphansi koMthetho-sisekelo wamaNdiya, umthetho omningi ngokuphathelene nesisekelo sezakhiwo nokuhlangana kumelwe uvunyelwe yizo zombili izindlu. IRajiya Sabba ingamkelwa, ibambezele, noma ngisho ilahle izikweleti, iphoqelele uhulumeni ukuba aphinde aphinde afake iziphakamiso ezingase zibangele umonakalo ezifundeni ezithile noma emiphakathini. Lokhu kuhlola kwemithetho yemithetho yezomthetho kubaluleke kakhulu emidala eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwendawo, ukuhlanganisa indawo ezungezile, kanye nokuhlangana kwezindawo ezithile.

Amabhuloho Okuxhumana Ayinhloko Axoxisanayo ERaje Sabra

Phakathi neminyaka, kuye kwahlolisiswa izindleko eziningi zezimpawu zemali kuyiRajiya Sabba. Ingxabano yesizwe iwuphawu olukhulu (i-Amendral Ways) Bill ne-[FLT] Metro , iMetro Railways (i-Amends) [i-Bill iyisibonelo esiyinhloko. Phakathi nale mpikiswano, amalungu aphakamisa izingxoxo ezimayelana nenkokhelo ngenkokhelo yabalimi ethintekayo ngomgwaqo omkhulu, ukuhlangana kwemisebenzi ezindaweni zasemaphandleni, nesidingo sokuhlanganisa imijahosholo yemigwano yemigwano yemigwaqweno nezindawo zesizwe. Ngokufanayo, [impompompo ekhona kanye nezindlela ezikhona.] Le komiti ephakeme ye-Fluntergoverss, iveza izingxoxo ezinkulu ze-minyango.[Foctivesss]

Amandla Aqhubekayo Nentando Yeningi Ezimele

Ngoba i-Rajiya Sabba ayinciphiswanga, yenza kube nokuqhubekeka ekubukezweni kwemithetho. Ohulumeni bangashintsha, kodwa amalungu endlu ephezulu ahlala ethatha umhlalaphansi ngezindlela ezishaqisayo. Lokhu kuqina kuvumela ukucabanga isikhathi eside enkambisweni yezemisebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, uma iLand Acquition, Renation and Retation Act [[FLLD:1] ilungiswa ukuze ilungise imisebenzi yezakhiwo, ukuhlola kwe-Rajeya Sabba kwashesha kwavimbela ushintsho olusheshayo olungase lululaze amalungelo abantu basemaphandleni. Ikhono lendlu ephezulu lokuthumela izikwehliswa emuva eLok Sabba kanye ne-andend amabutho kahulumeni ukuze kuthethelelwe izinqumo zayo, ngaleyondlela kwandise izinga lemithetho yemithetho ehlangene.

Ukuthola Imali Nezindawo Zokuxhumana

Indima kaRajiya Sabra idlulela ngalé kokubekwa umthetho ube umqondisi oqinile wezezimali. Imisebenzi yokulungisa idinga ukutshala imali enkulu yomphakathi, futhi indlu engaphezulu iqinisekisa ukuthi izimali zabelwa kahle futhi zibonakala. Uhlelo lwaminyaka yonke lweNkonzo yezokuthutha nezokuhamba, iNkonzo ye House and Urban Affits, neNkonzo yokuKhuphuka kwemiphakathi ihlolwa yikomiti ka-Rajiya Sabba, ikakhulukazi iKomiti esekela iKomiti yezemali kanye ne [FLT:] ne Comtee on Public Undercial Games .]

Ukuhlolwa Kwemidwebo Eyinhloko: I - PMSY Nokuthunywa Kwamadolobha Okuhlakaniphile

I-Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yoyana (PMGSY), eyamiswa ngo- 2000, iye yaba enye yezinhlelo ezinkulu zomgwaqo zasemaphandleni aseNdiya. I-Rajiya Sabra iye yaqaphela intuthuko yayo njalo, iqokomisa ukulibala kwayo, izinga eliphansi lomgwaqo ezizweni ezithile, nesidingo sezimali zokulungisa. Ezimihlanganweni eziningana, amalungu asebenzisa ukwaziswa okuvela ku-[FLD:0] NationalalFracture Development Agency[ ukukhomba ukuhlukanisa izinto ezihlukene, ukuveza izimpawu ezihambisanayo njenge-imali ehlangeneyo, ezinye zifinyelele izimali ezihambisana ne-Jharkav ezingemva. Lokhu kuholele ekulungiseni izifundo ezikhushuliwe, kuhlanganise nokuzinziswa kwezindawo ezinzima kanye nezindawo zezulu zezulu.

Ngokufanayo, i- i-Smart Cities Mission, ehlose ukuguqula amadolobha ayikhulu anezakhiwo zanamuhla, iye yahlolwa yiRajiya Sabha ezindaweni zayo ezihlangene zasedolobheni. Amalungu ayengabaza ukuthi izakhiwo zedolobha ezihlakaniphile zazingayinaki yini i- peri-urban imisebenzi ehlanganisa amadolobha namadolobhana. Izindawo eziphezulu ezifuna ukuhlanganisa amadolobha nezindawo ezinezisekelo eziphambili zithuthukisa ukufinyelela emaphakethene, ukunakekelwa kwempilo, imfundo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukufakwa kwe-pemari-urban'' okusebenza okuhlakaniphile kanye nemfucumfucumfutho yemfucu manje kucabangela ukuhlangana kweminye yasemaphandleni.

Izilinganiso Zemali Nezimpahla

Phakathi nesimiso sokuhlela uhlelo lwemali, iRajiya Sabha impikiswano ye- isebenza njengamathuluzi anamandla okubonisa amangxenye anganakiwe. Eminyakeni yamuva, ifuna ukuxhaswa kakhulu kwemali [[FLT:] yokwehlisa noma yokukhipha imali, iphoqelela uhulumeni ukuba avikele izinto eziza kuqala. Nakuba i-Rajiya Sabba, isebenza njengamathuluzi anamandla okuveza amangxenye anganakiwe. Eminyakeni yamuva, ifuna ukuxhaswa kakhulu kwemali ye- ekwandiseni ngaphansi kwe-Baratet[[[FLT][NT][NT] I-FLT] ithole iget eRapyaha, iholela ezibopheze-migomo eziningi ukuxhumanisa ama-magreatray'. Indlu engaphezulu ihlola futhi imisebenzi yomphakathi [Foctive][5][5]

Ukumelelwa Kwezithakazelo ZoMbuso Nokulinganisela Kwesifunda

Ukuhlukahluka kwezwe laseNdiya kusho ukuthi umgwaqo noma umugqa wesitimela unemiphumela ehlukene emagqumeni aseHimalaya kanye nasemathafeni asogwini. Izwe laseRajiya Sabba linezihlalo ezimisiwe ezisekelwe kubantu balo, ezinezifunda ezincane njengeSikkim ne-Goa eziqinisekisa ukuthi aziminyaniswe ngaphandle kwezindawo ezizwakalayo. Lokhu kuthinta ngokuqondile ukuhlelwa kwemisebenzi yesifunda.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo: ENyakatho - mpumalanga Neziphepho Zomngcele

Indawo yasenyakatho mpumalanga, nezwe elinzima nebalulekile, iye yabhekana nobudlelwane obuphansi ngokomlando. URaje Sabha amalungu e-Assam, Nagaland, Mizoram, kanye namanye amazwe aye asekela ngokuphikelelayo ukuxhumaniswa kwesitimela, imigwaqo emine enelane, kanye nokunwetshwa kwezindiza. Imizamo yawo iye yaphumela emaphasejini anikezelwe njengaleyo i-North East Road Development Discopement [ kanye ne-Pratlarma Romeault [[Fogram] [[FLT]] i-parmayaryahya i-FLT] ezindaweni ezihloselwe ngokukhethekile indawo. Ngokufanayo, eLadakh naseYamirmsme ibone iphakeme kakhulu ngemva kokwakhiwa amalungu omgwaqo. [irracracracray] I-S.[Fotabelsssssssssss, i-outriciex, izikhulu, izikhulu,

Ukulinganisela Izifo Zasedolobheni Ezisezingeni Eliphansi

Kunokuthambekela okungokwemvelo kokutshala izakhiwo ezingokwezemfundo ukugxila ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ngenxa yezinzuzo zezomnotho. IRaje Sabha isebenza njengendlela yokuqeda ubunzima, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana kwasemaphandleni akuhlali. Phakathi nezimpikiswano ze-National Infrastructive Police [[[FLT:]], amalungu agcizelela isidingo se-mamilene exmand'ezolikethe. Indlu ephezulu iholele imigwaqo yasemaphandleni emigwaqweqweqweni ezindaweni ezisezweni nasemigwaqweni yesizwe. Lefilosofi iye yafakwa emibhalweni yemithetho enjenge [FLT:] i-National Logiclics Polic [[[FLT][FLT]] , egcizelela i-manyukeleleka okokugcina ukuxhumana nezimakethelo. I-ephaka kakhulu yeminyango. I-fuzenyu iholi iholi iholi iholise iholise iholise ihole i-Fod [Fo

Ithonya Entuthukweni Yasemadolobheni Nasemaphandleni

Imisebenzi yemithetho neyokwengamela yaseRaje Sabra ehlangene inethonya eliphawulekayo entuthukweni yezwe laseNdiya.

Ukuthuthuka Kwezomnotho Nendalo Yomsebenzi

Imigwaqo engcono nesitimela kunciphisa izindleko zokuthutha, kwenza izinto zibe nemali eshibhile futhi kusiza abalimi ukuba bangene ezimakethe ezinkulu. IRaje Sabba iqhubele phambili ukuhlangana okuhlukahlukene okuhlanganisa amatheku, izitimela, nemigwaqo emikhulu, amapaseji emboni afana Delhi-Mumbai Imboni yezentengiselwano [ Umphakathi] [[FLT]]. Izifundo ezikhonjiwe epalamende zibonisa ukuthi wonke amapalimende ashi ashiwe emigwaqweqweqweni yasemaphandleni aphakamisa abantu abacishe babe ngu 500 ngaphezu komgca wobumpofu. Ngokufanayo, amadolobhulo, aphikisana kakhulu eRajibhaha, adala izinkulungwane zemisebenzi eqondile nengaqondile ngesikhathi sokunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemfutho nencuko. Indlu engaphezulu yemisebenzi yemisebenzi yemisebenzi yasekhaya iyanda kakhulu emadolobheni andisa umsebenzi ezindaweni ezisezindaweni ezisezindaweni eziphansi.

Izinzuzo Emphakathini: Imfundo, Ukwelashwa Nendlela Yokuthola Izincwadi

Ukuhlangana kuyimfuneko yezenhlalayenza izenhlalakahle. IRajiya Sabba uhlobanise ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo ne-Routh to Education Act, iveza ukuthi yonke imigwaqo ehambayo yenza izingane ezigodini ezikude zikwazi ukuya ezikoleni. Imithola-khaya yezokunakekelwa kwezimoto ne-telemedicine kuxhomeke emigwaqweni ethembekile nase-Internet ye-panetic , izindawo lapho i-Rajiya Sabha Sabha yabiza khona izimali ezihlangeneyo. [FLT: 0] I-Digatal i-Indiya ukuthatha isinyathelo esithatha isinyathelo, okuhloselwe ukunikeza zonke izikhungo zohambo olubanzi ze-painchaya, kwakhiwe yi-Rajyahahaha izimendo ezingcono ngaphansi kwezindawo ezigciniweyo. Ukuxhumana okungcono kungenza abesifazane baphumelele, njengoba kuvusemsebenzi, nakunikezwa izinkonzo zezentengo yemisebenzi, nakuqhuzuzo zemisebenzi eziphambili zendlu ezingcono kakhulu, kodwa ezithuthukelwe ngokushelwayo, kodwa eziphambili, ezinzi

Izinselele Ekuhlanganiseni Izakhiwo Nendima YeRaje Sabha

Naphezu kwethonya layo elihle, iRaje Sabha ibhekene nezinselele eziningana emisebenzini yokuqondisa izimoto ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuxhasa Imithombo Nemithombo Yengcebo

Izakhiwo ze-Indiya zidinga imali edlula kude ukuphumelela kwezindlela zokuhlela imali ezikhona. Ikhono likaRaje Sabha lokuthonya izinto lilinganiselwe yikho konke ukulingana kukahulumeni. Amalungu ngokuvamile aveza ukukhungatheka lapho imfuno yezimali ezengeziwe ze-PMGSY noma i-Smat Cities Mission ihlanganiswe nezindlela zokulungisa izimali. Nokho, indlu ephezulu iqhubele phambili ngokuphumelelayo ekusebenziseni izimali ezintsha, njengezibophonsi kanye nobudlelwane bomphakathi (PPPPP), ukunezela ukusekela kwemali ehleliwe. I-National Bank ye-Finansigngrad Insúture and Development (NaFFId)[FFId] [FOD] [FLD] yamiswa ngokomthetho we-STALY] ePhalame, ne-Spalgne-sting.

Izithiyo Zendawo Ezungezile Nezwe

Imigwaqo nesitimela ngokuvamile kunqunywa emahlathini, ezindaweni ezimaxhaphozini, nasezweni lezolimo, okuholela ezingxabanweni. IRaje Sabha ibiyindawo yokulinganisela izidingo zokuthuthukisa ngokuvikela indawo ezungezile. Amalungu aye abiza ukuhlolwa okusemgqenisweni kwezindawo ezizungezile kanye nokukhucululwa kwemidanti yonke exhumanisayo. Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kubambezela imisebenzi, kuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwesikhathi eside. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Fest (Conservation) Impomperation Bill Impikiswano enzima eRajiza Sabrah ngemist yemigwaqo esemthethweni eseduze kwemingcele, kanye nezingalo ezifuna ukuvikelwa kwemingcele.

Ukubambisana Phakathi Kwezikhungo Namazwe

Imisebenzi yokuhlanganisa idinga ukuhlangana okungenamsoco phakathi kwemisebenzi eminingi (Izinkonzo eziningi ze-Road Transport, Railways, Telecom, Intuthuko Yase-Marical) nohulumeni bezwe. U-Rajiya Sabra ubumbano lwamandla nenselele. Nakuba inikeza iqophelo lokuveza izinkathazo zezwe, ukungavumelani kwezombangazwe kunganqanda. Ngokwesibonelo, izimpikiswano ngokuhleleka kwe [[FLT: 0] Bengalur-Mysore Infraclactive Corridaor ukuvuleka i-iphaka ePhalamende, kanye no-Rajanya Sabba uvela eKarnaka nomakhelwane zisholoza izimpikiswano ezinjalo ekukhetheni amakomiti noma emakomitini e-palme. Indlu eliphezulu ikhono lokukhomba ukukhomba izimpisa ezihlangene.

Amathuba Okuqinisa Indima YeRaje Sabha

Ibheka phambili, iRaje Sabha ingathuthukisa inzuzo yayo yokuxhumanisa izakhi zemvelo ngezinguquko zemvelo nangobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswayo.

Isimiso seKomiti esikhuliswe kabusha kanye nokukhishwa kwe - Expper

Isimiso sekomiti yepalamente yi-Raje Sabra ithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu lokuhlola ngokuningiliziwe. Ukuqinisa lamakomiti ngokunikeza ukusekela okwengeziwe kokucwaninga, okuhilela ochwepheshe abazimele, nokuqinisekisa imibiko efike ngesikhathi . i-Akomiti ehlangene nePhalamente e-Sivumelwano [ukuhlola] kwamanje] ukuhlolelwa okuvela kumsebenzi wenkonzo, kodwa ukutusa kwawo akubopheki. Ukwenza lezi zimfuneko zokucabangela kunganciphisa isikhathi esithathwa ekuhlanganiseni imisebenzi yokuhlanganisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakha ikomiti enikezelwe Urban-R metationalism [[FLTLT]] [FLT]] [FLT]]

Ubuchwepheshe Nemininingwane Ethunyelwayo

I-Raje Sabra ingasebenzisa amathuluzi anamuhla ukuqondisa intuthuko yomsebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusebenzisa i-GIS ibalazwe kanye namabhodi athatha isikhathi sangempela ``fligboards' `````PT] PM Gati Harhiti National Master Plan'[[] kungavumela amalungu ukuba ahlole isimo sawo wonke umsebenzi ogunyaziwe noma i-telecom esimweni sawo. Ama-Procal awe “Parliary Datary Portal” aye antengenwa, okunganikeza amalungu ukukhululeka ekulungiseni izimali ezinkongoze nasokupheleni isikhathi. Ukubona okunjalo kungagunyaza i-Rajiya Sab ukubamba ibambe ngokunenzuzo, ukuncuthubeleza nokuhlenga intengo egcwele leyo inhlupho yaseNdiya.

Isiphetho: Umnikelo Obalulekile WeRaje Sabha eNdiya Exhunyiwe

IRaje Sabba ayiyona nje i-opera ebukezwayo yemithetho engokwesiko; i-octrands elingana nempumelelo yezwe neyayo yendawo. Ngokuhlola kwayo ukumiswa kwemithetho, ukuqondisa kwezimali, nendima yokumelela, indlu ephezulu iqinisekisa ukuthi idolobha laseNdiya nelasemaphandleni alizwakali nje kuphela kodwa futhi futhi linendawo elinganayo ezungezile. Njengoba i-Indiya iqala ukubheka izinjongo zayo ze-Ladakh kuya emfuleni we-Tamil Nadu, i-Rajiya Sabba ingabonwa emigwaqweni, izintambo zesitimela, amabhungane, namabhulohoho aphakemeyo ahlanganisa izwe ndawonye. Njengoba ukuhlakanipha koMkhathi wezwe lamazwe ahlala ezindaweni ezikhona, ukuhlakanipha komphakathi akunakali ndawo, futhi akunakali ndawo yesifundazwe.

Ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngemisebenzi yeRajiya Sabba, vakashela i-parte official Rajiya Sabba] webhusayithi. Intuthuko ye-Pradhan Mantak Yacona ingatholakala e [[FLT:] PMGSY]. Intuthuko yeMission yase-Pratting itholakala eMissions [[[FLT: 4.][FLT]]. Ukuhlola izinselele zezembobo, i-NTIAYY [FLT]