Ukwenziwa kwemvelo kumelela isigaba sokugcina sohambo lokufuduka, kuguqula isakhamuzi esisemthethweni sibe isakhamuzi esiphelele sase-United States. Kuyinqubo engokomthetho, engokomthetho elawulwa yi-U.S. Commigation Service (USCIS) enikeza abantu amalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo yobuhlalo, kuhlanganise nelungelo lokuvota, ukuthola isango lokungena e-U.S., kanye nokunxusa ukuba amalungu omkhaya afuduke. Nakuba le nqubo iqinile, iyindlela eyanelisayo nesemthethweni yokuthi amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu unyaka ngamunye ziphelele.

Ukuqonda Ukuzihlola Okungokwemvelo

Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo sokuthola imvelo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlangabezana nezindinganiso eziyisisekelo ezibekwe yi - Immiggist and Nationality Act (NA). Lezi zimfuneko ziklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izakhamuzi ezintsha ziye zamisa izibopho ezijulile eUnited States futhi zinolwazi olusebenzayo ngomphakathi wazo, uhulumeni, nolimi.

Izimfuneko Zokuhlala Njalo

Isisekelo sokuzinza kwemvelo singu-Green Card (Indawo ye-logo Ehlalayo). Ngokuvamile, izikhalo kumelwe ukuba zazihlala njalo okungenani iminyaka emihlanu. Uma ushade nosakhamuzi wase-U.S., imfuneko yokuhlala incishisiwe yaba iminyaka emithathu, uma nje ubulokhu uhlala nomngane wakho wesizwe kuyo yonke leyo nkathi. Izingane ezingaphansi kwengu-18 zingathola izakhamuzi ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokushaya i-Form N-400 uma zihlala e-U.S. ngomzali. Izinga lokuhlala nokwehlalisa okuqhubekayo futhi nokuba khona komzimba nakho kulinganiswe ngokuphelele. Uhambo oluthatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha lunganqamuki, kodwa uhambo olungaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha olunganqamuki, lunganqameli, kodwa ukuthatha unyaka owodwa wokuhlala kwakho.

Isimilo Esihle (GMC)

I-USCIS idinga isikhankaso ngasinye esingokwemvelo sokubonisa i-Good Moral Charatic (GMC) phakathi nenkathi ye-statory (kakhulukazi iminyaka emithathu noma emihlanu ngaphambi kokuba isetshenziswe). Lemfuneko isho ukuthi akumelwe ubekwe icala lobugebengu obuthile, njengokubulala, ukunyusela ama-feloni, ukushushumbisa izidakamizwa, noma ubugebengu obuhilela ukuvinjelwa kokuziphatha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhluleka ukubhalisa nge-eService Service (uma uyindoda ehlala e-U.S. phakathi kweminyaka engu-18 nengu-26) noma ukuhluleka ukukhokha intela okudingwayo kungayibuyisela kabi inhloso yakho ye-GMC. USCIS iyobuke umlando wakho womthetho, ukusebenzelana kwakho nomthetho, nokugcinwa kwemithetho, nemithwalo yezezimali. Ngisho nobugebengu obuye bakwane futhi obufanele buye bakwanekwe yi-ntethele ngaphansi kwe-ixoxo, njengoba kuhlola ngaphansi kwe-sethi.

Ulimi LwesiNgisi Nezimbali

Ingxenye eyinhloko yenqubo yokuzinza ibonakalisa ikhono lobuchwepheshe lolimi lwesiNgisi, kuhlanganise nekhono lokufunda, lokubhala, nokukhuluma isiNgisi esiyisisekelo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi udinga ukuphelela; isiNgisi esilula, esivamile, esivamile silindelwe. Uzohlolwa futhi ngolwazi lwakho lomlando we-U.S. uhulumeni (i-cbicts). Lokhu kuhlola kuhlanganisa izihloko zesisekelo njengamagatsha amathathu kahulumeni, i-Bill of Rights, nezenzakalo ezingokomlando. Azikho izimfuneko ezisekelwe ebudaleni nasebudeni bakho obuhlala njalo. Izingasetshenziswa izilinganiso ezihlala njalo ezineminyaka engu-50 noma ngaphezulu e-64. Zingahlala e-U. Zingasebenza iminyaka engu-20 noma engu-20 yeminyaka eqinile ukuba zikwazi ukuhlola ulwazi oluqinile lwe-U.

Ukuze uthole uhlu oluphelele lwezimfuneko zokuvuleka, vakashela iSikhungo seZintu soMnyango we-USCIS. .Explore i-USCISISINITIGRODUCT Center[.

Inqubo yokusetshenziswa kokwemvelo (Form N-400)

Uma usuqinisekise ukuvuleka kwakho, inyathelo elilandelayo uhlelo ngokwalo. Ikhasi eliyinhloko yi-Form N-400, Isicelo Sokwenziwa Kwemvelo. Loluhlobo oluningiliziwe luqoqa ukwaziswa okubanzi ngesizinda sakho, indawo yokuhlala, umlando wokuhamba, nobuntu bokuziphatha. Ukuhamba ngokunembile kubaluleke kakhulu ekugwemeni ukulibala.

Ukulungisa Isimiso Sezinhlelo Nesimiso Se - yue

I-Fom N-400 ingafakwa kuyi-intanethi nge-akhawunti ye-USCIS ku-intanethi noma ngeposi. Isicelo kumelwe sihambisane nenkokhelo edingekayo (manje ingu - $760, kuhlanganise nenkokhelo yebhayoloji, nakuba izimali zingashintsha, ngakho njalo hlola uhlelo lwemali engokomthetho, ungafaka isicelo senkokhelo, ungafaka intela nge-Instruction I-912, kodwa kumelwe uhlangane neziqondiso eziqinile zemali ekhona (umz., ukwamukela izinzuzo noma iholo elingaphansi kwe-150% ye-Federal Poverty Guides). Uma ungenayo, uzodinga ukuhambisa ubufakazi bakho be-ebolics (eft), njengekhodi yakho ye-khadi lakho (emva ne-passssss, noma nganoma iziphi izinsiza ze-onki engaphezulu.

Ukumiswa Kwezakhi Nesizinda Sezinto Eziphilayo

Ngemva kokuba u-USCIS ethole umsebenzi wakho, bazohlela uhlelo lwe-biomitrics e-Indaweni ye-Sound Service (ASC) yendawo. Kulesi sivumelwano, i-USCIS izothatha iminwe yakho, isithombe, futhi isayinwe. Leminwe isetshenziselwa ukuphatha i-earthrap ukuhlolwa kwemitapo yobugebengu be-FBI. Lokhu kuhlola kwesizinda kuhlola ukuboshwa, izinkolelo, noma iziqinisekiso ezivelele. Uma ukuhlola kwesizinda sembula ulwazi oluphambene, inqubo ingalibaziseka lapho u-USCIS icela ubufakazi obengeziwe noma ihlola indaba.

Ukuhlolwa Kwengxoxo Ne - USCIS

Ukuhlela izikhathi zezinhlelo zemvelo zezokusebenza kuyahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi uhlalaphi nokuthi uhlala kuphi futhi uyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani. Ngokuvamile, ungalindela le nqubo ukuba ithathe noma iziphi izinyanga ezingu-8 kuya kwezingu-14 kusukela ekuhleleni ukuya e-Oath Cerony. Ungahlola izikhathi zokulungisa ihhovisi lakho lendawo le-USCIS kuwebhusayithi yakho. Kubalulekile ukulondoloza isimo sakho saphakade sokuhlala futhi ugweme ukuhamba ngaphandle kokukhumula ikheli lakho nge-USCIS (usebenzisa i-AR-11). Ukwehluleka ukuvuselela ikheli lakho kungaphumela ekulahlekelweni isaziso sengxoxo nesicelo sakho sokulahla isikole.

Ngena nohlobo lwe-N-400 kanye neziqondiso zokuhlela lapha: USCIS Iklamo N-400 Uhlelo lokuzingela .

Ingxoxo Yemvelo Nokuvivinywa Kwemicro

Ingxoxo iyisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu senqubo yokuveza imvelo. Iqhutshwa isikhulu se-USCIS futhi ifeza imisebenzi emibili eyinhloko: ukuqinisekisa ukwaziswa ekusingenisweni kwakho nokuqondisa ukuhlola kwesiNgisi nomphakathi. Ukulungiselela kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo.

Ukulungiselela Ingxoxo

Uzothola isaziso sokwethula nosuku, isikhathi, nendawo yokuxoxa kwakho. Kumelwe ulethe i-Green Carter yakho, i-pasi lokungena (yombili i-pass (yodwa yamanje neyamanje), nanoma yiziphi ezinye izincwadi eziceliwe eziya engxoxweni. Ukufika ngokushesha futhi ugqoke kahle kutuswa kakhulu. Ingxoxo ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engu-20 kuya ku-30, kodwa ingaba isikhathi eside uma isicelo sakho sinezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi. Isikhulu sizohlola umbuzo wakho wesicelo ngombuzo ngombuzo, siqinisekise izimpendulo zakho. Uma ushintsha isicelo sakho.

Uvivinyo LwesiNgisi: Ukufunda, Ukubhala Nokukhuluma

Phakathi nengxoxo, isikhulu sizohlola amakhono akho esiNgisi. Ingxenye yokukhuluma ihlolwa kuyo yonke ingxoxo esekelwe ekuqondeni kwakho nasekuphenduleni imibuzo yesikhulu. Ukuhlola ukufunda kudinga ukuba ufunde ngokuzwakalayo umusho owodwa kwemithathu. Ukubhala kudinga ukuba ubhale umusho owodwa kumathathu amiswe isikhulu sekhulu. Uma ungadluli enye yalezi zingxenye emzamweni wokuqala, uzakuvivinywa kwezinye ezimbili. Uma uhluleka ukufunda noma iziphi izakhi zesiNgisi, uzoba nohlolo lwesiNgisi lonke. USCIS unikeza uhlu olusekelwe ngokohlelo lokufunda nokubhala, oluwusizo kakhulu ekulungiseleleni.

Uvivinyo Lwezinsimbi

Ukuhlolwa kwezakhamuzi kuyindlela yokuhlola umlomo lapho isikhulu sibuza khona imibuzo efinyelela kweyishumi evela echibini lemibuzo eyikhulu ehleliwe yomphakathi. Kumelwe uphendule i 6 kweyishumi yemibuzo ngokunembile. Imibuzo ihlanganisa izihloko ezinjengezimiso zentando yeningi yaseMelika, isimiso sikahulumeni, amalungelo nemithwalo yemfanelo, kanye nezinkathi ezinkulu ezingokomlando. Ukuhlolwa kwathuthukiswa muva nje, ngakho ukutadisha uhlu olugcwele lwemibuzo eyikhulu kuyatuswa. U-USCIS unikeza amathuluzi okuhlola, izingxebezo zomkhondo, nemithombo yemizwa ukuze usize abacela ukulungiselela. Uma uhluleka ukuhlolwa kwezakhamuzi, uzophinde uhlolwe engxenyeni ohlulekile (iNgilandi noma izakhamuzi) phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-60 kuya kumashumi amashumi amabili. Ukwehluleka ukuzama kokubili ukukhipha imiphumela ekulahlweni kwakho.

Izincwadi zokuhlolwa ezingokomthetho zomphakathi ziyatholakala lapha: Ibone ikhulu lamaCuvips Imibuzo nezimpendulo.

Isifungo Sesihenqo Esiwuphawu

Uma udlula engxoxweni yakho nokuhlolwa, iUSCIS izakuvuma isicelo sakho. Isinyathelo sokugcina i-Oath of Allegiance Ceremion. Lesi isikhathi lapho uba isakhamuzi sase-U.S. ngokomlando, lokhu kungenzeka ngosuku olufanayo nengxoxo yakho (imvelo yosuku olulodwa), kodwa kuvame kakhulu ukuhlelwa ngosuku olulandelayo endaweni enkulu.

“ Ngalendlela, ngokuqondene nesifungo, ngisho ukuthi ngilahla ngokuphelele futhi ngilahla konke ukwethembeka nokwethembeka kunoma yisiphi isikhulu, umbusi, umbuso, noma ubukhosi balowo engiye ngabusa noma ngandulele kuye; ukuthi ngizosekela futhi ngivikele uMthetho - sisekelo nemithetho yeUnited States of America kuzo zonke izitha, zakwamanye amazwe nalezo ezihlala kwamanye amazwe; ngiyothwala ukholo lweqiniso nokwethembeka kuye...” - Oath of Allegiance...

Inqubo Eyisimanga

I-Oath Ceremony iyisenzakalo esingokomthetho, somphakathi. Uzodingeka ukuba uthathe isifungo phambi kwesikhulu se-USCIS noma umahluleli kahulumeni. Phakathi nomkhosi, uzohambisa iGreen Card yakho (njengoba ulahla indawo yakho yokuhlala ehlala njalo ukuba ube isakhamuzi) futhi uthole iSitifiketi sakho sokwenziwa kwemvelo (Form N-550). Umkhosi uvame ukuba unamandla ngokomzwelo, uphawula isiphelo seminyaka yokuhlala nomzamo. Ukhuthazwa ukuba umeme umkhaya nabangane ukuba uhlanganyele kulesenzakalo. Ngemva komkhosi, uyisakhamuzi esihlangene.

Ukuphila Ngemva Kokuba Izakhamuzi: Izinyathelo Ezilandelayo

Ukuba isakhamuzi kuvula iminyango eminingi. Enye yezinto zokuqala okufanele uzenze i-passport yase-U.S., njengoba inikeza indlela elula yokubonisa ubuzwe bakho kunokuphatha isitifiketi. Isitifiketi sibaluleke kakhulu futhi kunzima ukusibuyisela, ngakho ukugcina ibhokisi eliphephile kuhlakaniphile. Kufanele futhi uhlanganise umbhalo wakho we-Social Security ukuze ubonise isimo sakho esisha sesizwe. Lokhu kuyovimbela izindaba ngokusebenza kwakho kwesikhathi esizayo noma ngezinzuzo zikahulumeni. Ekugcineni, ukuvota kungelinye lamalungelo abaluleke kakhulu onawo manje, ukukuvumela ukuba uhlanganyele ngokuqondile enqubeni yentando yeningi.

Funda okwengeziwe ngalokho okumelwe kulindelwe emkhosini: Funda nge-Oath of Alcegince on USCIS.

Amalungelo Nemithwalo Yemfanelo Yezakhamuzi Ezintsha

Ukuba isakhamuzi saseU.S. kunikeza amalungelo amaningi, kodwa futhi kuphoqelela imithwalo yemfanelo.

Amalungelo Ayinhloko Ezakhamuzi

  • Ukuvota: Izakhamuzi zase-U.S. Kuphela ezingavota kukhetho lukahulumeni. Ukubhalisa ukuvota kungelinye lamalungelo abaluleke kakhulu owatholayo, ukukunika izwi endaweni, ezweni, nasebusweni besizwe.
  • Imisebenzi eminingi kahulumeni idinga ukuba i-U.S. ibe isakhamuzi, ikakhulukazi esesivikelweni sezwe, ekuqikelweni komthetho, nasemsebenzini wangaphandle.
  • [[FLT: 0] Izakhamuzi ezifuna ukuzwana nomndeni: zinganxusa amalungu athile omkhaya (usizo, izingane, abazali, izingane zakini) kuGreen Cards ezinezikhathi eziphambili nezisheshayo kunezakhamuzi ezihlala njalo.
  • IPasport ne-Console Protection: Ungahamba ngepasi lokungena e-U.S. eliqinile futhi uthole usizo kuma-embass kanye ne-asethi uma uphesheya.
  • Ukuvikelwa kweGama kuDeportation: Izakhamuzi azinakuxoshwa e-United States, zinikeze umuzwa ohlala njalo wokulondeka nokuba khona.

Imithwalo Yemfanelo Eyinhloko Yobusakhamuzi

  • [[FLT: 0] Jury Duty:[ Ukukhonza ejaji kungumsebenzi wesizwe. Ukwehluleka ukusabela emyalelweni yamajaji kungaphumela ezijezisweni ezingokomthetho.
  • Ukukhokha Intela:[ Izakhamuzi zase-U.S. zingaphansi kwemithetho yentela ye-U.S. emholweni wazo womhlaba wonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zihlalaphi. Ukubambisana ne-IRS kuyisibopho esingokomthetho.
  • Ukuvikela izwe:[ Ukubhalisa ngeNkonzo yokukhetha kusadingeka ezakhamuzini zesilisa ezineminyaka engu-18-26.
  • [ Ukuqashelwa: Kulindeleke ukuba usekele futhi uvikele uMthetho-sisekelo nemithetho ye-United States, ulahle noma yiziphi izisekelo zakwamanye amazwe.

Izinselele Ezivamile Nendlela Yokugwema Ukulibala

Inqubo engokwemvelo isetshenziswa kakhulu ebhalweni futhi iqondiswe emthethweni. Ngisho namaphutha amancane angaholela ekubambezeleni okukhulu, ukucela ubufakazi, noma ukuphika. Ukuzibamba kungakuvikela izinyanga zokulinda.

Izithobo ezingaphelele noma ezinganembile

Imbangela evame kakhulu yokubambezela ukunikeza uhlelo oluphelele lwe-N-400. Bukeza ngokucophelela yonke imibuzo. Ungashiyi lutho olungabhaliwe (usebenzisa N/A lapho kufanelekile). Qinisekisa ukuthi imali yakho ilungile futhi ukuthi usayina uhlelo. Amakhasi alahlekile noma izignesha zizophumela ekusebenziseni okulahliwe. Qaphela isiqephu somlando; izikhulu ze-USCIS zinikeza njalo u-RFEs ohambweni olungabhaliwe ngokugcwele.

Umlando Wokuhamba Nezinkinga Zentela

Izikhulu ze-USCIS zibukeza ngokucophelela umlando wakho wohambo. Uma uke waphuma ezweni isikhathi eside (ikakhulukazi izinyanga ezingaphezu kweziyisithupha), kungadingeka unikeze izincazelo eziningiliziwe nobufakazi bokuthi uhlala khona. Ngokufanayo, ukwehluleka ukubhala phansi izintela kuyilapho isakhamuzi siphakamisa amafulegi abomvu ngokuphathelene ne- Good Moral Charatic. Qiniseka ukuthi uvumelana ngokugcwele ne-IRS ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise. Noma iziphi izintela noma izikweleti ezivelele kumelwe zixazululwe noma icebo lokukhokha elilawulekayo.

Ukubhekana Nokuphika

Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwenqatshelwa, iUSCIS izonikeza isizathu esibhaliwe. Uvame ukuba nezinsuku ezingu-30 zokufaka ukunyakaza ukuze uphinde uvule noma uphinde uphinde uphinde ucabange (Form N-336) ngenkokhelo. Uma ukuphika kusekelwe ekuhlulekeni kovavanyo lwesiNgisi noma lwezakhamuzi, uzohlelwa ukuba uxoxe ngengxoxo yesibili (ngokuvamile izinsuku ezingu-60-90 kamuva). Ukudlulisa umzamo wesibili kubucayi. Uma uhluleka okwesikhathi sesibili, izinhlelo zakho ziyaphikwa.

Uhambo Lokuya Esakhamuzini Sase - United States

Ukuqamba inqubo engokomthetho, kodwa futhi kungokomuntu siqu kakhulu. Kumelela isibopho ezindinganisweni nasemithwalo yemfanelo yentando yeningi yaseMelika. Ngisho noma amaphepha nezingxoxo zingazizwa zinamandla, umphumela ushintsho oluyisisekelo ebuhlotsheni bakho ne-United States. Ngokulungiselela ngokucophelela isicelo sakho, ukuqoqa ubufakazi obuqinile, nokunikezela isikhathi sokufunda ngokuhlola amaNgisi nezakhamuzi, indlela yokuba yindawo yobuhlalo icacile futhi iyafinyeleleka. Amalungelo, isivikelo, nomuzwa wokuzuza kuwe kufanelekile. Isinyathelo sokugcina siwukuqala nje kwesahluko esisha kanye nelungu elihlangene ngokugcwele lomphakathi wesizwe.

Kukho ukuqondisa okubanzi, okuthatha inyathelo usuka kuhulumeni ngokuqondile, qala uhambo lwakho emthonjeni ongokomthetho: USCISINITIship and Naturation Information.