Imishini Yethonya Lemithombo Yezindaba Ezomthetho Womphakathi

Ubuhlobo phakathi kwemithombo yezindaba nokubusa bungenye yamandla anamandla kakhulu nalandelanayo emphakathini wentando yeningi. Lesihloko sinikeza uhlelo olunegunya lokuhlaziya lokwaziswa, ukugcwalisa i-algorithric, nokuncipha kwethemba, ukuqonda ukuthi imishini yezomthonga ilawula inqubo yomphakathi ayisasona isithakazelo semfundo eyisisekelo semfundo engokwemfundo i-— kuyimfuneko eyisisekelo yesizwe esisebenzayo. Lesi sihloko sinikeza uhlelo olugunyaziwe lokuhlaziya lobuhlobo, ukuhlukanisa izimiso zethonya, ukuhlola izibalo zezehlakanizo ezingokomthetho, nokunikeza amasu asebenzayo ekuqondiseni isayensi yokwaziswa eyinkimbinkimbi. Kubafundisi, abakhankampane yezeli, ababambi bezimiso, ikhono lokuqonda lamandla, kubalulekile ekulondolozeni ubuqotho benqubo yokuhlela.

Imisebenzi Yentando yeningi Yezindaba Ezikhululekile

Ngaphambi kokuhlola izinqubo ezithile eziqondile zethonya lesimiso, kudingekile ukumisa imisebenzi eyisisekelo yemithombo yezindaba eriphabliki yentando yeningi.

Inja Eqaphile

Ekuhloleni kwayo okuyisisekelo, umbiko okhululekile usebenza njengenhlolo-hlolo ekhomba amandla agcwele. I-Reventicationism idalula ukonakala, udoti, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabi kwegunya okungahlala kufihlekile. Uma Boston Globe] [; i-’ iqembu elihlolayo elidalula ukuxhashazwa kokuziphatha okubi ngokobulili eSontweni lamaKatolika, alizange nje libike indaba ye-— ibangela ukuguquguquka kwezimiso, kusukela emithethweni yezinguquko yemithetho yokufaka imithetho ekwandiseni ukunqamula amazwe amaningi. Ngaphandle kwalo msebenzi wewotshiyo, ukwenza inqubo idla ngokusebenza, ukubanjwa, ukubanjwa ngezithakazelo ezikhethekile, futhi okungakhohliswa umphakathi. Ukulahlwa kweminyayeni yendawo yendawo yendawo, nakuba kuye kwadala i-“ incildeo; lapho incindibilika kakhulu, inzuzo esobala, isebenza kakhulu, ezindaweni zendawo.

Inkundla Yempikiswano

Imithombo yezindaba inikeza isisekelo senkulumo yasobala. Imibono yezimiso ayivamile ukuvela ngokugcwele; kumelwe ihlolwe, ibekwe inselele, futhi ilungiswe enkantolo yomphakathi. Amaphephandaba, izinkulumo zomsakazo, izindaba zekhebula, namasiteji ezokuxhumana yonke isebenza njengezinkundla lapho izithakazelo zokuncintisana zilwela ukusekela. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Affordcable Care Act, yayiphikisana khona isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka kuyo yonke indawo engenzeka ekhona ngaphambi kokuba idluliswe. Indlela leyo mpikiswano yayiyi-— umthelelanisi, eyayingawulowe ngokuqondile umthetho wokugcina. Umthetho onempilo wokuncintisana ngezinzuzo zezentengo, ngokwesibonelo, njengokulinganisela inkululeko yezentengo yezentengo yezentengo emphakathi noma yesizwe nokulondeka kwabantu ngabanye.

Ingxenye Yokudluliswa Kwesimiso Esiyinkimbinkimbi

Isimiso sanamuhla sisemkhankasweni wezentengo. Imithetho yentela, imithetho yendawo ezungezile, kanye nezimali zokunakekela impilo aziqondwa ngokwesilinganiso sesakhamuzi. I-Media isebenza njengebhande lokudlulisa, iguqulela umthetho oyinkimbinkimbi ekulandiseni okufinyelelwe. Nokho, le nguqulo ayithathi hlangothi. Isinqumo sokuhlela intela yekharbon njenge-” i-clitement commentationan resoption, i-” ngokumelene nomthwalo wezezimali i-&lquo; i-althracrited ye-oms's projectives. Uma imithombo yezindaba ifaka umthetho owengeziwe wokusetshenziswa kwezisebenzi, yenza ukukhetha kokugcizelela okubalulekile, nokungahlolwa ngokuqondile, lokho okuthonya umphakathi noma ukuphikisa kobuzwelo lwezindaba kusetshenziswa kwemidiya ezimisweni zezo ezihlukene kubenze lezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu.

Ngalé Kokwaziswa: Izindlela Eziqondile Zokuthonya

Imithombo yezindaba ayimane ibike ngenqubo; ilawula izimo ngaphansi kwesimiso. Imibono emithathu emiswe kahle ichaza leli thonya.

Ukumiswa Kwe - Agenda: Ukunquma Lokho Esicabanga Ngako

UMaxwell McCombs noDonald Shaw baqala ngokuchaza izinto ezibalulekile. Umphakathi awufundi ngezindaba eziwuhlelo lukamongameli ka-1995, ukuhlelwa kwemibono ehleliwe yama-posit ukuthi i-&squo; ukuhlanganisa izinto eziza kuqala kunquma ngokuqondile ukuthi i-&rsquo yomphakathi ibeke i-&arsquo; ukuqonda okubalulekile kwezindaba. Umphakathi awufundi ngezindaba ezisemqoka kubenzi bezemikhakhankaso; ufunda [[FLT: 0] kangakanani] ukunikeza lezozindaba [[FLT: 1] kulezompikiswano. Uma izindaba zinikeza ukushumayeza okufuduka okukhulu kuyilapho zinganaki impatho yempilo, umphakathi uveza ukuthi ukufuduka kweze kuqala kwabakhi bemithetho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi injongo yayo iwumgomo. Ukucwaninga kuveza umbono womphakathi wezelele, ngisho nokuhlola, umbiko wezenyuko lwezenyuko, umbiko womthetho wokuqondisa ukuvuma komthetho womthetho, lapho umbiko womphakathi uvuma ngisho nombono womthetho, umbiko womthetho wokuvuma ngokucukuvuma.

Ukuphoqelela: Indlela Esisebenzisa Ngayo Umthetho

Ukuhlela kuqhubekela phambili. Akuzona izinto ezicatshangelwe, kodwa kanjani zikhona. URobert Entman, isazi esiholayo ekuhleleni, sichaza njengokukhetha i &lquo; ezinye izici eziqondakeleyo kanye nokuzenza zibe yiqiniso, kodwa zihlanganiswe kakhulu embhalweni wokuxhumana. Izenzo zokuhlola i-flam; ichaza inkinga, imbula izimbangela zayo, futhi isikisela ikhambiza. Cabangela intela yezwe: abamelene nayo ibuye ifakwe njenge- “ intela, i-” i-&udemo; i-pastquo; ukuvikela okukhulu okushintsha umbono obanzi. Ngokufanayo, ukubhola u-oyela ku-Arcencuption i-Arcenquo; i-Exterquo; i-ectivesctive produant; i-ecem ye-paledium elawulayo.

Icala: Ukumisa Izindinganiso Zokuhlola

Ukuphambana kuhlobene kakhulu nokusingatha kwabo leyo nkinga. Ngokunikeza incazelo ebanzi yezindaba ezithile, izikhulu zezindaba ukuba zihlole abaholi bezombangazwe ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kwabo kulezo zindaba. Uma imithombo yezindaba igcwele ukugqunywa kwenkinga yezomthetho yakwamanye amazwe, abavoti bayokwahlulela umongameli ngokuyinhloko ekusingatheni kwabo leyo nkinga, ngisho noma ngabe bebekhetha ukubahlola ezomnotho. Lenqubo ivumela abezindaba ukuba bashintshe ngokuphumelelayo imithetho yokulandisa kwezombangazwe. Umongameli obuthakathaka kuphikisa kwabo u’ umba ongcono kakhulu angazama ukusebenzisa ithonya lemithombo yezindaba elihlukile, elingcono kakhulu ukuze ahlolwe umphakathi. Lo mncintiswano ongapheli wokuhlela izimiso zokuhlola inqubo yezombangazwe uyisicimbiwe esiyinhloko sezokuxhumana zanamuhla.

Ukushintsha Kwezinombolo: Abenzi Bemithetho Abasha Nemithetho Emisha

Ukusuka emkhakheni we - computer, osakazwayo kuya endaweni enesimiso sokuxhumana, engokwezinombolo kuye kwashintsha kakhulu ithonya lemithombo yezindaba enqubweni.

Ukuwa Kwabagcini - cingo Nokukhula Kwabantu Ngamunye

Engxenyeni enkulu yekhulu lama-20 leminyaka, inani elincane labahleli, abakhiqizi, nabamemezeli basebenza njengabagcini bamasango, benquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwaziswa okwafinyelelwa umphakathi. I-Internet yaqeda lolu phawu lwe-oligopoly. Namuhla, noma ubani angaba ummemezeli, futhi ukuhlelwa kwezinhlelo kungaqalwa nge-temu eyodwa. Izinhlangano ezifana # Too futhi Impimo Eyingozi IMaty Comment iqala ezindaweni zobuchwepheshe nakushintshela inqubo yemithetho ephoqelelweyo ezindaweni zomthetho nasemapulangweni ngaphesheya kwezwe. Lokhu kuhlelwa kwe-deculove kunike izwi eliphansi futhi kuvunyelwe ukuhlanganiswa kwezindawo ezingokotshani. Nokho, futhi i-ogalelo lomthetho lwezombangazwe lisusiwe kanye.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwemithetho Yomthetho Nokuthonya

Ama-common communialism awawona ama-plugit awekho ama-comfort angathathi hlangothi; abuswa yimithetho eklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthembisana. Ngokwengxenye ebangela ukuthukuthela, ukwesaba, noma intukuthelo isebenza ngokunenzuzo kune-scheme. Lokhu kuthambekela koburola kuthinta ukuhlalisana — lapho izakhamuzi ziqala ukungabethembi futhi zingabathandi labo abaphikisanayo. Lokhu kwenza ukuba isimiso se-bipartistan siyeke ngokuqine kakhulu. Ngokwe- Isikhungo sokucwaninga [, ingxenye yaseMelika enemibono ephambene kakhulu neqembu eliphikisayo iphindeke kabili noma ngokuphindwe kathathu kusukela ngo-1990, isimo esihlobene nokunyuka kwezindaba ze-palces ne-compat. Ukusebenza kwalettelder, lapho i-Platempleader ihlelwe khona, lapho i-epadmistrived produs; i-ss prorison prodial.

Ukuveza Izakhi Ezincane: Ukuthonya Kwesimiso Esivamile Esingeni Elinye

Imishini yezokuxhumana ivumela ukufakwa okuqondile kwemiyalezo yezombangazwe. Imikhankaso namaqembu enzalo kungahlukanisa izibalo zenani elilinganiselwe futhi kudlulisele imiyalezo edluliselwe ezindabeni ezithile zenqubo. Umvoti okhathazekile ngentela yempahla angase abone ukumiswa kwemithetho ye-projekthi i-’ icebo lentela, kuyilapho umvoti okhathazekile ngezezimali zesikole ebona ukuthi imfundo ehlukene ngokuphelele edalwe kumfundi oyedwa. Lenqubo encishintshwayo idlula umphakathi wezentengiselwano zempahla, eyenza kube nzima kwezezazi zezombangazwe ukuba zibophelele ekubekeni icala ngezikhundla zemithetho ehleliwe. I-Cambridge Analytica ibonisa ukuthi lokhu kunxephelo oluneyo lwezemfundo yesikole kungaboniswa kanjani ukuthi ukukhomba okunelisayo okunenzuzo kungenziwa ngesikhali, kodwa manje lomkhuba oyinhloko usebenza ngokusebenza kwenqubo yezempikiswa kwezombangazwe nakwezombangazwe.

Izifundo ezithathwe emlandweni: Izifundo zecala kumthetho we-media-Drive

Ukuhlaziya izikhathi ezingokomlando lapho imithombo yezindaba yashintsha khona ngokuphawulekayo indlela yokusebenza kunikeza ubufakazi obuqand ’ ikhanda balezi zinqubo ezicatshangelwayo.

IVietnam Negebe Lokufa

Ngaphambi kweMpi yaseVietnam, imithombo yezindaba emikhulu ithambekele kakhulu emithonjeni kahulumeni esemthethweni yenkambiso yakwamanye amazwe. Impi yabushintsha ngokuphindiwe lobu buhlobo. Lapho i-CBS ankile Cronte engekho engathiyweni ngo-1968, isakaza emakamelweni okuhlala e-America ebusuku, yadala ukuqonda kwempi i-’ unya olwaphikisana nokuqondiswa kwemibono eqinisekile ye-Johnson. Lapho i-CBS pronte eyaziwayo i-CBS Walter Cronto; &osque; &losmostle; i-smosmostatetete, i-astritem; i-Andro; uMongameli we-Johnsonthenwary washolo ngokusemthethweni, ukuthi u &cre; ukushintshwa kwe-Uptmosciporn yayisebenzisa kakhulu amandla embusweni wempi. I&enston yasebenzisa amandla ayo ekwayo ekwamukele inguquko embululweni yamandla embululweni yasobala embululweni yamandla embululweni, enzimeni.

Ugwayi: Ukususa iFrame Kusuka Enkululekoni Kuya Empilweni

Impi yokulawula ugwayi iyisigaba esiphambili sezenyuzi. Emashumini eminyaka, imboni kagwayi yakwazi ukubhema njengendaba yenkululeko yomuntu siqu nesithakazelo sezomnotho. Basebenzisa izimali zabo ezinkulu zokukhangisa ukuze zilawule izindaba zezindaba. Inkathi yoshintsho yatholakala ngenhlanganisela yokuhlola izihloko zezindaba nezimiso. Izinga lokusakaza i-Federal Commissions Commission Actersquo; i-Fairness Religictive ifuna abadaize nezikhangiso zokulwa nezikhangiso zokulwa nogwayi. Lezi zikhangiso zafaka imvume yokubhema hhayi njengendaba yenkululeko, kodwa njengenkinga ebulalayo yempilo yomphakathi. Amazinga ezempilo omphakathi awehla kakhulu. Ukubhema, futhi kwasheshisa ngokuphawulekayo, ukuxwayisa, ukuviswa kwezokukhangisa, nokuviswa kweze, kanye nemikhampani enkulu yempilo. Imithombo yezindaba yayiyinda ephakathi lapho lempi yayilwiwe khona.

Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu: Kusuka Embikweni We - Niche Kuya Enkathini Ephuthumayo

Isimiso sokushintsha isimo sezulu sihambisana nendaba yaso. Emashumini eminyaka, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kwakuyindaba yezesayensi yendawo ezungezile, ehlanganiswe kakhulu ezingxenyeni zesayensi futhi inganakwa kakhulu izintatheli zezombangazwe. I-’ i-mediance digitary i-— inikeza isisindo esilinganayo nososayensi besimo sezulu kanye nedlanzana elincane labangakholelwayo abathi — idala umbono womphakathi wempikiswano engokwesayensi engakaze ibe khona. Lokhu kwashintsha ngokuphawulekayo ekupheleni konyakazolwazi lwezesayensi. Ukuphakama kwentsha efuna ukuthatha isinyathelo esibonakalayo (Greta Thunberg &squo; inhlekelele yezesimo sezulu), ukukhula kwezinhlekelele zezentengo zangempela eziboniswa ezindabeni, nokukhululwa kwemibiko ephakeme ye-IPCC ku-PPPicebookadec 55. C; ukuvela kwenkinga ephambili yezentengiselwayo esikhathini esizayo esisemuva kwezentengo yezente lezentengo yezente le Yurophu, iMelika, ehlangene, ewunyukoyo.

Ukugwedla Ama - Pitfa E - Media Ecosystem Yanamuhla

Nakuba imithombo yezindaba ibalulekile ekwenzeni isimiso sentando yeningi, imvelo yamanje iletha izinselele ezinkulu ezingase zilulaze ukubusa okunengqondo.

Ukungaqondi, Ukungaqondi, Neqiniso Kuyawohloka

Ukushelela kokwaziswa okungamanga okusakazwa nge-inthanethi kusongela ngokuqondile isimiso esisekelwe ebufakazini. INhlangano ichaza i- “Truth Decay ” njengoba ukungavumelani okukhulayo ngamaqiniso aqondile nokufiphaza komugqa phakathi kombono neqiniso. Umqedazwe we-COVHOID-19 unikeza umfanekiso ocacile: ukungaqondi mayelana nokwelashwa kanye nemijovo elula inqubo yezempilo yomphakathi, okuholela ekufeni okungavikelekile. Uma ingxenye enkulu yabantu isebenza ezindaweni ezinamaqiniso, ukwakha ukuvumelana okudingekayo ngenxa yenqubo ephumelelayo kuba cishe akunakwenzekanga.

Ukuncipha Kokwethembana Nokuvela Kwezindaba Eziyingxubevange

Ukuthembela kwezezindaba njengoba isikhungo sesehla ngokuqhubekayo amashumi eminyaka. Galup ’ kuhlola ukwethemba imithombo yezindaba yeningi kubonisa ukuthi ingcosana yaseMelika manje iveza i-“ enkulu kakhulu i-&Ardquo; noma i-&lquair isilinganiso se-” sokuthemba i-Gallus; ukukhomba kokuthembela emithonjeni yezindaba. Lokhu kuncishiswa kwezentengiselwano kusetshenziswa kabi yizethi zezombangazwe ezichaza kabi ngokuthi i “ i-fake. i-” ngokuphindwayo, ukuvela kwezindaba ezisobala (kodwa kanye kanye i-ilayini ye-inthaneti) kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zizikhethele ulwazi oluzi sezingenisweni zazo. Lokhu kwenza ukuba zikwazi ukuveza inqubo eqinile, izinkulumo ezihlukene zenani labantu.

Ukuhlakulela Ukufunda Ezezindaba Ngenxa Yentando Yeningi Esheshayo

Njengoba imithombo yezindaba inethonya elinamandla esimisweni, ukuthuthukisa amakhono aqinile okufunda emithonjeni yezindaba akuyona into yokunethezeka i - — kuyisidingo somphakathi.

Ukusebenzisa Inqubo Yokusebenza Kwezitho Zomzimba

Iqaliswe uchwepheshe wezokufunda we-minucs Mike Caulfield, indlela yeSIFT inikeza uhlelo olusebenzayo lokuhlola ukwaziswa okuselayinini. Izinyathelo ezine yilezi: ukuyeka (akwabeki isabelo noma isabele ngokushesha), [ Ukukhipha umthombo [[[FLT:] [u-FLT]] (ungubani ongemva kwalokhu kwaziswa?), [[FLTLT:]] Ukuthola imbuthwalo olungcono[[ (isho ukuthini eminye imithombo ehloniphekile?), futhi [[FLTB] uveza umongokwayo engcono [iphawu olunezelwe kahle], ngokusebenzisa lezi zinqubo ezilula kakhulu, ukunciphisa izinqubo zazo ezibonisa ukufaneleka futhi zezenziwa kakhulu emitho.

Ukufuna Izinhlobonhlobo Zezakhiwo

Ukuphuma emagumbini anawo umsindo kudinga okungaphezu kokufunda nje i- “ olunye uhlangothi. ” Kudinga izakhiwo zezinhlobonhlobo ze-— ukubheka imithombo yezindaba enezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokusekela imali (ezixhaswe obala, ezingatholi nzuzo, ezisekelwe ekukhokhelweni) namafilosofi ahlukahlukene omhleli. Ukusekela amaphephandaba endawo neyophenya nakho kuyagxeka. Ukuwa kwemboni yezindaba yendawo kubangele ukulandisa kwezehluleko kwezwe nenkambiso yendawo. Ngokusekela ngentshiseko kwezimali ukusekela imithombo yezindaba ephakeme kakhulu nokufuna ulwazi oluthintinyelisayo, izakhamuzi zingazigobelela ngokwazo emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu ye-algalthrictication.

Ukugxila Emithonjeni Eyinhloko Nesimiso Esiyinhloko

Enye yamasu aphumelela kakhulu ukudlula ungqimba lwe-pundit luphelele. Izakhamuzi zingafunda umbhalo wangempela wemithetho, imibiko kahulumeni emithonjeni engokomthetho, nezifundo zemfundo ezihlolwa ontanga. Ngokuya ngokuqondile entweni ewumsuka oyinhloko, abantu bangahlola isimiso esisekelwe entweni yaso kunokushintshashintsha kwayo. Lendlela inciphisa amandla emithombo yezindaba efaka ububanzi futhi ivumele ukuhlolwa okuzimele, okusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwezimiso.

Isiphetho: Umthwalo Wemfanelo Wokuhlanganyela Ebuphathini

I-’ ithonya lenkambiso yomphakathi alilungile noma libi; liyiqiniso lokuphila kwezombangazwe embusweni wentando yeningi. Izinqubo zokuhlela, ukuphothula, nokuguqula zingamandla anamandla angathuthukisa noma alulaza izinga lokubusa. Ukuguqula kwemidwebo kuye kwandisa lamandla, ukwakha amathuba amasha okuhlanganyela kuyilapho kululaza isisekelo esikhona esidilini esidingekayo ukuze kuvunyelwe i-demokratial. Indlela engaphambili idinga umzamo ohlangene. Izikhulu zezindaba kumelwe ziphinde zithathe isibopho sokuchaza ukuthi into ewunaka kakhulu imbukwane. Abaklami bemi bemishiciko kumelwe bathathe umthwalo wemfanelo ngendlela yokulawula izinkulumo zabo zezombangazwe ezisakhelo zezombangazwe. Futhi ithonya leze ngamandla ebanzi. Futhi izakhamuzi kumelwe zihlakulele ngentshiseko isisekelo sokucabanga okubucayi okudingwayo ukuze zikwazi ukuthatha indawo ezungezile. I-o ewudayisayo; i-understativessss.