E-Ireland, umthetho wokuvikela ufaka izibopho eziqinile ezinhlanganweni ezihlela imininingwane yomuntu siqu. Uma ukudilika kwenzeka, inhlangano kumelwe ithathe isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuze ihlole ingozi, yazise isikhulu esiphethe, futhi ezimweni eziningi, yazise abantu abathintekile. Ukuhluleka ukuhambisana nomthetho kungaphumela ekukhokheleni okukhulu nasekulimaleni okunedumela elihle. Ukuqonda izimfuneko zokubekwa kwemithetho ekubhula ngemininingwane e-Ireland kubaluleke kakhulu kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi, indikimba yomphakathi, noma inzuzo ephatha ukwaziswa komuntu siqu.

Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa uhlelo lwemithetho ngaphansi kwe-General Data Protection Regation (GDPR) kanye ne-Irish Data Protection Act 2018, izibopho eziqondile zokuhlola izingozi, izimfuneko zokubhala, izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokulalela, izijeziso, nokuhlola okuphathelene namakhomu. Isiqondiso lapha sibonisa izinqubo zamuva zokuphoqelela nokufaka iziqondiso ze-Irish Data Protection Commission (DPC) kanye ne-European Data Protection Board (EDPB).

Ukubukeza Imithetho Yokwaziswa E - Ireland

Umthetho oyinhloko olawula ukuphuka kokwaziswa e-Ireland yi-GDR [Inguquko (I-EU) 2016/6769), ethinta ngokuqondile kuzo zonke izifundazwe ze-EU. E-Ireland, i-GDPR ithasiselwa yi-Data Protection Act 2018, enikeza imithetho eyengeziwe evimbela ukugcinwa, i-DPC. Ndawonye, lemithetho yenza umthetho obanzi wokwaziswa nokuphathwa kwemininingwane yomuntu siqu.

I- ichazwa ngokwephu lokwaziswa okuzimele ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 4(12) se-GDPR njengesu elithathelwe indawo ukulondeka okuholela ekubhubhisweni ngengozi noma okungekho emthethweni, ukulahleka, ukuguqulwa, ukudluliselwa okusemthethweni, ukudluliselwa kokwaziswa komuntu siqu, ukugcinwa, noma okunye okungahlelwanga. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izenzakalo ezinjengemishini elahlekileyo noma eyebiwe, ukuhlasela kwe-email ngengozi, ukuthumba i-imeyili, kanye nokwebiwa kwemininingwane.

I-DPC yigunya elizimele eliphethe icala lokumisa umthetho wokuvikela ukwaziswa e-Ireland. Liye lanyathelisa isiqondiso esiningiliziwe ekwazisweni okuphukile, okumelwe izinhlangano zihlole umbhalo we-GDPR. I-EDPB ibuye ikhiphe [ izikhombo ze-Intelekelelo ze-data yobuntu ye-Boxpoket Comment[ ecacisa incazelo yeZigaba 33 no- 34.

Izimfuneko Eziyinhloko Zokuthola Umbiko

Isaziso Esiya Emsebenzini Wokuvikela Imininingwane

Ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 33 se-GDPR, umlawuli kumelwe azise i-DPC ngokuqhekeka kokwaziswa komuntu siqu ngaphandle kokulibala okungadingekile futhi, lapho kungenzeka khona, hhayi ngemva kwamahora angu-72 ngemva kokwazi. Iwashi liqala ukubonakala kusukela esikhathini lapho umlawuli eqaphela ukuthi igebe. Ukuqaphela kuvame ukucatshangelwa ukuthi kwenzeka uma umlawuli enesilinganiso esinengqondo sokuqiniseka ukuthi inhlekelele ithathekile, ngisho noma ingakakwaziwa ngokugcwele.

Uma isaziso singanikezwanga phakathi namahora angu - 72, umlawuli kumelwe anikeze isiqinisekiso esizwakalayo sokulibala. Lokhu kuwusuku oluqinile olumisiwe, futhi iDPC ayizange ibekezelele izaziso zesikhathi esedlule ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle.

Nokho, isaziso asidingekile uma igebe lingayi cishe lingaphumela engozini yamalungelo nenkululeko yabantu abangokwemvelo. Umlawuli kumelwe abhale ukucabangisisa okungemva kwaleyo sinqumo ebhandeni lakhe lembobo yangaphakathi.

Isaziso se-DPC kumele siqukethe, ngokwesilinganiso esincane:

  • Incazelo yesimo sale ngxenye kuhlanganise, lapho kungenzeka khona, izigaba nenani elilinganiselayo lezindaba nemibhalo yokwaziswa komuntu siqu ehilelekile.
  • Igama nokuxhumana kwesikhulu seTechnology Protection (DPO) noma elinye iphuzu lokuxhumana.
  • Incazelo yemiphumela engase ibe khona ngenxa yalokhu kudilikelwa.
  • Incazelo yezinyathelo ezithathwe noma ezahlongozwayo zokulungisa le nhlekelele, kuhlanganise nezinyathelo zokunciphisa imiphumela yayo emibi.

I-DPC inikeza ifomu lezaziso ze- kuwebhusayithi yayo, abalawuli abakhuthazwa ukuba bayisebenzise. Ifomu icela ulwazi oluhlelwe kahle futhi ivumela umlawuli ukuba athayisethe imininingwane kamuva lapho uphenya luqhubeka.

Isaziso Sabantu Abathintekayo

ISiphakamiso 34 seGDPR siphoqelela isibopho somzuzwana, esihlukile: uma ukudilika kungaphumela engozini enkulu emalungelweni nasenkululekoni yabantu abangokwemvelo, umlawuli kumelwe ayidlulisele ezihloko zokwaziswa ezithintekayo ngaphandle kokulibala okungafanele. Lengxoxo kumelwe ibe ngolimi olucacile nolucacile futhi ichaze isimo segebe, imiphumela engenzeka, kanye nezinyathelo ezithathwa noma ezihlongozwe ukuxoxa ngayo. Iseluleko sokuxhumana kufanele sihlanganise nezinyathelo zabantu ngabanye ukuze bazivikele, njengokushintsha amagama-mfihlo noma ukuhlola izindaba zemali.

Ingozi enkulu ihlolwa ngokusekelwe ekujuleni kwethonya, okuxhomeke ezicini ezinjengohlobo lokwaziswa okuhilelekile (izigaba ezikhethekile, ukwaziswa okungokwezimali, indawo okukhona kuyo), ukulula kokuzihlukanisa, umongo wokulungisa, nokuba khona kwezivikelo (umz., ukuvulwa kwemibhalo ebhalwe phansi). Umlawuli kumelwe aqhubeke nohlelo lwengozi etholakalayo ngakuwo wonke amaphutha.

Kunezinqumo ezintathu ezihlukile lapho kungadingeki khona ukuxhumana nabantu ngabanye:

  1. Umlawuli uye wathatha izinyathelo ezifanele zobuchwepheshe nezokuvikela izinhlangano, njengokufingqa, okwenza ukwaziswa kube okungaqondakali kubantu abangagunyaziwe.
  2. Umlawuli uye wathatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo eziqinisekisa ingozi enkulu ukuthi ngeke esazokwembula.
  3. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kumelwe kube nokuxhumana obala noma enye indlela efanayo ekwazisa kahle izindaba zokwaziswa.

Ngisho noma enye yalezi zingxenye isebenza, umlawuli kumelwe abhale lokho kucabanga futhi, uma kamuva ephikisa, akwazi ukubonisa ukuthi kushiwo ngokufanele ukuthi lento ehlukile.

Umnikeli nokugcina-Qobo

Isihloko 33(5) sidinga abalawuli ukuze babhale noma isiphi isephulo sokwaziswa komuntu siqu, ngaphandle kokweqiwa ukuthi kwaziswa yini kuyi-DPC. Idokhumende kumele ihlanganise amaqiniso ahlobene nephukile, imiphumela, nesenzo sokulungisa esithathweyo. Le mvume yangaphakathi isebenza njengobufakazi bokulalela futhi ingahlolwa yi-DPC phakathi nophendlo.

I-DPC ilindele ukuba izinhlangano zigcine isiteshi somthetho owenziwe nge-ops okuhlanganisa nakancane:

  • Usuku nesikhathi sokuthola nesaziso (uma sikhona).
  • Incazelo yale ngxenye nezigaba zokwaziswa nokwaziswa okuhilelekile.
  • Ukuhlola ingozi futhi ucabange ngesinqumo sokwazisa noma sokungasiqapheli.
  • Izinyathelo ezithathwa ukuze kufakwe futhi kulungiswe.
  • Landela izenzo ukuze uvimbe ukubuya.

Izincwadi ezifanele aziyona nje imfuneko engokomthetho kuphela kodwa futhi ithuluzi elibucayi lokubonisa ukuthi unecala. Uma kwenzeka kufunwa noma kukhalwa, imvume yokubhalisa enqamukile eqinile inganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuphoqelelwa kwamaphoyisa.

Izingozi Zokukhetha

Ukunquma ukuthi ukuqhekeka kubangela ingozi noma ingozi enkulu kudinga ukuhlolwa okuhlelwe kahle, okubhaliwe. Iziqondiso ze - EDPB zitusa ukucabangela lezi zici ezilandelayo:

  • uhlobo lwekwephuka: ukufihla, ukuthembeka, noma ukwephuka okutholakalayo.
  • [[UMTH: 0] Ukubekwa kwemininingwane yomuntu siqu: izigaba ezikhethekile, izinkolelo zobugebengu, ulwazi lwezezimali, izikhombi, njll.
  • Ukungalingani kophawu: ukuthi imniningo ifihlwa, ifihlwa, noma ibhalwe ngamagama acacile.
  • [ Ukungalawuleki kwemiphumela: ukukhoneliswa, ukukhwabanisa, ukucwaswa, ukulimala kwedumela, ukulahlekelwa ngokwezimali, noma ukulimala ngokomzimba.
  • Izici ezikhankasayo zezihloko zokwaziswa: izingane, abantu abadala abasengozini, izisebenzi, njll.
  • Inani lezihloko zokwaziswa ezithintekile.
  • [[UMTH:0] Ukukhomba kwezilinganiso zobuchwepheshe nezibumbene ezinciphisa ingozi (umz., ukuvulwa okuqinile kwezihluthulelo ezigcinwe ngokwehlukene).

Ukuhlola kumele kwenziwe ngesisekelo sendaba ngayinye. I-DPC ithe ulindele abalawuli ukuba benze iphutha ngapha kwesixwayiso: uma kukhona ukungabaza ngokuthi i-DPC ingaphumela yini engozini, isaziso kufanele senziwe ku-DPC, futhi kucaciswe ngaphakathi.

Izinyathelo Zokuqinisekisa Ukubambisana

Ukwakha uhlelo oluqinile lokusabela kwesenzakalo kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokufeza isikhathi esithatha amahora angu- 72 futhi wenze izinqumo ezifanelekile zokuqaphelisa. Izinhlangano kufanele zisebenzise izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

Hlela Ukusabela Okusheshayo

Icebo lokusabela lesenzakalo kufanele lichaze izindima nemithwalo yemfanelo, imithetho yokuxhumana, izindlela zokuhlukanisa, nenqubo yokuthatha isinyathelo sokuhlukanisa, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlaziya, nokubika amaphutha. Icebo kumele lihlolwe ngokuvivinya itefula elivamile nangokuvuselelwa ngokubheka izifundo ezifundwayo.

Ukumiswa Njengesikhulu Sezokuvikela Imininingwane (DPO)

Ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 37 se-GDPR, izinhlangano eziningi e-Ireland kuyadingeka ukuba zimise i-DPO. Ngisho nalapho kungaphoqelekile, ukuba ne-DPO noma isikhulu esinikezelwe sasese sithuthukisa kakhulu ukusabela okudilivayo. I-DPO yenza njengekhodi lokuthinta i-DPC nezihloko zemininingwane futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi amaphutha asingathwa ngokuvumelana nezimfuneko ezingokomthetho.

Baqeqeshe Abasebenzi

Izisebenzi kumelwe ziqeqeshelwe ukubona izinto ezingase ziphuke futhi zikwazi ukubika ukuthi zingaba kanjani ngaphakathi. Amagebe amaningi akhula ngenxa yokuthi ukulibala kwezisebenzi ukubika noma ukuzama ukulungisa inkinga ngokwazo. Ukuqeqeshwa kwaminyaka yonke, okuqiniswa yimishini yokuhlobisa nokuqaphela, kunciphisa isikhathi sokuthola.

Gcina Ubala Okufanele

Ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukwaziswa okuphethe, ukuthi kugcinwephi, futhi ubani okwazi ukukuthola kubalulekile ekuhloleni ububanzi bembobo ngokushesha. Ukwaziswa okuthatha isikhathi kuya kulokhu okubhaliwe kusiza ekulinganiseni inani lamarekhodi athintekile futhi kubonise ukuthi yiziphi izigaba zokwaziswa ezingase zincishiswe.

Ukusebenzisa Izindlela Zokuvikela

Ukubhala ekungeneni futhi ekuthuthweni, ulawulo oluqinile lokungena, ukuqinisekisa ngamacala amaningi, nokulungisa njalo kunganciphisa amathuba engxenyana futhi kunganciphisa izinga lengozi uma igebe likhona. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ukwaziswa okubiwe kufihlwe ngemithetho-algorith eqinile nesihluthulelo sokukhomba asifakwanga exeshini, ukudilika kungathathwa njengokungaphumeli engozini kubantu ngabanye, ngokunokwenzeka kugweme isidingo sokwaziswa ngezihloko zokwaziswa.

Ukuhlolwa Kokuziphatha Kwasikhathi Sonke Nokuvivinywa

Ukuhlolwa kwezokuphepha okusebenzayo kubonisa ukuhlasela ngaphambi kokuba abahlaseli baxhaphaze. Kuveza nobufakazi bokuvumelana neSiphakamiso 32 (ukuqina kokulungisa), iDPC engase ikucabangele phakathi nophenyo. I-DPC yase-Ireland iye yagxila kakhulu ekuphenduleni inqubo kunokuqinisekisa ukuthatha isinyathelo.

Izaziso Zokuhlaziya Nokubukeza

Umthetho nezindlela ezingcono kakhulu ziyashintsha. Izinhlangano kufanele zihlole izinqubo zazo zezaziso eziphukile okungenani minyaka yonke, noma ngemva kwanoma isiphi isenzakalo esibalulekile, ukuze zihlanganise isiqondiso esisha seDPC ne-EDPB, izinguquko kwezobuchwepheshe, nezifundo ezitholakala ngezenzo zokuphoqelelwa komthetho.

Imali Yokungavumelani Nezindaba Ezihlukile

I-GDPR inikeza izinhlawulo ezimbili zokuphatha. Izinhlu eziphansi, ezifinyelela ezigidini ezingu--10 noma iziphesenti ezimbili zenguquko yomhlaba wonke (noma yikuphi okuphakeme), zisebenza ekuphutheni izibopho ezihlobene nokuphula isaziso (ama-Apicle 33 no-34). I-spread, kuze kube izigidi ezingu-320 noma 4% ze-intshi yomhlaba wonke, isebenza ezimisweni eziyisisekelo zesivikelo sokwaziswa namalungelo. E-Ireland, i-DPC inamandla okuphoqamba isaziso, ukuyala, ukuhlelelwa kwesikhashana noma ukuvinjelwa kokulungisa, futhi idinga ukubuyiselwa noma ukugcinwa kokwaziswa kwaminyaka yonke.

I-DPC iye yabonisa ukuzimisela ukukhokha imali enkulu ngokuhluleka kwesaziso. Izenzakalo zamuva zokuphoqelelwa komthetho zibonisa ukuthi ngisho noma ukuphuka okuwumnakekeli kwakungelona iphutha lomlawuli, ukuhluleka ukwazisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungaphumela esijezisweni esiphawulekayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2022, i-DPC yahlenga inkampani yezizwe ngenani elikhulu ngokuqapha ngokuphazima kweso ngesaziso sempoqo esenzeka ngo-2019. Icala elihle labonisa kokubili ukulibala nokuntuleka kwezimiso zokulawula ezifanele.

Ukungahambisani kuveza futhi izinkampani ekutholeni inzuzo ngezihloko zokwaziswa ezingase zifune isinxephezelo ngenxa yempahla noma umonakalo ongezona izinto ezibonakalayo ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 82 seGDPR. Amacala amaqembu aphathelene nokuphuka kokwaziswa ayanda kakhulu e-Ireland, andisa izingozi zemali nedumela elingaphezu kwenkokhelo.

Ukuphoqelelwa Nesiqondiso Samuva

I-DPC inyathelisa njalo izinqubo zokuhlaziya izindaba nezokuphoqelela kuwebhusayithi yayo. Ngemva kwe- DP''s orble kwiphepha lesaziso ingasiza izinhlangano ukuba zihlale zaziswe ngamathemba amuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziqondiso ze-EDPB zinikeza indlela engcono yokungena e-EU, kodwa i-DPC inganikeza isiqondiso sayo siqu sokwenezela emaqenjini athile noma encazelweni "engozi enkulu" engcono" e-Irish.

Ngokuphawulekayo, i-DPC iye yagcizelela ukubaluleka kwesikhathi sokwaziswa. Ngisho nokulibala amahora ambalwa adlule kumahora angu-72, ngaphandle kwesizathu esihle, kungaholela ekuqikeleleni. i-DPC futhi ilindele ukuba isaziso sokuqala, ngisho noma singaphelele, senziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ulwazi oludingekayo lunikezwe ezingxenyeni, kunokuba lilinde ukuphenyiswa ngokugcwele ngaphambi kokuthinta i-DPC.

Esinye isihloko esiphindaphindwayo ku-DPC i-scrolls ukuhluleka ukubhala isu lokungazazisi izindaba. Abaqondisi bavame ukuthi ingozi iphansi kodwa ayinakuveza isilinganiso sengozi ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-DPC ibheka lokhu njengokuphulwa kwesimiso sokulandisa futhi ingabeka izinhlawulo ngisho noma isinqumo sokungazazisi ekugcineni sasilungile.

Imibono Ehlukahlukene Yehlelo

Ukunakekelwa kwempilo

Imininingwane yezempilo iyisigaba esikhethekile ngaphansi kweSiphakamiso 9 se-GDPR, nesivikelo esengeziwe ngaphansi komthetho wase-Ireland. Ama-create ahlanganisa amarekhodi ezokwelapha cishe abhekwa njengengozi enkulu cishe njalo ngenxa yokuzwela kwemininingwane kanye nokungacwaswa, ihlazo, noma ukucindezeleka okungokomzwelo. Abaxhasi bezempilo kumelwe babe nezinqubo eziqinile namaqembu anikezelwe eyimfihlo. I-Health Service Provice (HSE) inehhovisi layo lesivikelo sokwaziswa, futhi i-DPC iye yasebenzisana nolwazi lwezempilo ne-Health Information ne-A Aucity (HIQA) ekuhlolweni komthetho okudise.

Izinkonzo Zezimali

Amabhange, izinkampani ze-inshorensi, nezinkampani ze-applinech ziphatha inqwaba yemininingwane yezimali ekhangayo ezigebengwini. I-Central Bank of Ireland nayo iphoqelela isenzakalo sayo siqu esiveza izimfuneko ngaphansi kweziqondiso ze-European Banking Authority, ezihambelana nesaziso se-GDPR. Izinhlangano kulengxenye kumelwe ziqinisekise ukuthi zingahlangabezana nazo zombili izinhlelo zesikhathi ezimisiweyo. I-DPC ne-Central Bank ingahlela ukuphenywa kwezezindaba ezinkulu.

Abanikazi Bezokuxhumana Nenkonzo Ye - Internet

I-ePrivacy Directive (njengoba inqubo ye-Ireland isetshenziswa) idinga ama-asterers ezinkonzo zezokuxhumana ngogesi ukuze kwaziswe i-DPC yanoma isiphi isenzakalo sokulondeka esihilela ukwaziswa komuntu siqu. Lokhu kuhambisana kodwa akufani nesaziso se-GDPRcrease. Izinkampani zokuxhumana nazo kumelwe futhi zazise abakhokheli uma kunengozi ethile yesephuzo. I-DPC ilindele ukuba lezi zinkampani zibe namaqembu aphendulayo akhethekile angasingatha izimfuneko ezihlukene zokuthatha ama-galelo.

Izindikimba Zomphakathi

Iziphathimandla zomphakathi kanye nezindikimba zingaphansi kwezibopho zesaziso esidilivayo njengezinhlangano ezizimele. Nokho, zingaba nezibopho futhi ngaphansi koMthetho we Freedom of Information Act ne-Office Createct. I-DPC inendlela ekhethekile ebophelele izinkampani zomphakathi. I-National Cyber Security Center (NCSC) inikeza isiqondiso esengeziwe futhi ingaziswa ngokuphazanyiswa okukhulu okuthinta izinkonzo zomphakathi.

Isiphetho

Ukuqonda nokunamathela ekuthatheni ulwazi oluphakeme lwe-Ireland lapho kubikwa izimfuneko ngaphansi kwe-GDPR no-Dame Protection Act 2018 akuwona nje ukuvuma; kuyingxenye eyisisekelo yokuvikela amalungelo abantu ayimfihlo. Ifasitela lezaziso lamahora angu- 72 kuyi-DPC, isibopho sokwazi izihloko zemininingwane lapho kunengozi enkulu, futhi imfuneko yokubhala phansi zonke izimfuneko ezifuna ukusabela okuqhubekayo nokuzwa kahle. Izinhlangano ezifaka ezimikhankambisweni ezicacile, ukuqeqeshwa njalo, ukuvikelwa kwekhono, ukugcinwa kwezekhono, kanye nempucuko yokulandisa ngeke ihlangane nemisebenzi yabo engokomthetho kuphela kodwa futhi izokwakha ukwethenjwa ngabathengi, izisebenzi, nabaqondisi bezokuqondisa. Njengoba ukugcinwa kwemali kuqhubeka, izindleko ezingadingwanga-kusetshenziswanga----palbaccon, ukukhonzwa okuhle, nokunyuswa kwentengo yokwaziswa, nokugcinwa kwe-&8; ukumiswa kwemigomo kwe-#12; ukumiswa kweminxeba nokuqondiswa kwemishinye yemigomo ye-e, nokusetshenziswa kwe-e ngokomthetho kwe-e ngokomthetho,