Isisekelo Sokubusa Kwentando Yeningi

Emiphakathini yanamuhla yentando yeningi, ukwethembana komphakathi nohulumeni kwenza isisekelo sokubusa okuphumelelayo. Uma izakhamuzi ziqiniseka ngezinhlangano zazo, zizimisele kakhulu ukuhambisana nemithetho, zihlanganyela ekuphileni komphakathi, futhi zisekele ukufezeka kwezimiso ezihlangene. Ngokuphambene, ukufinyela kwemisebenzi kahulumeni kubangela ukungaqiniseki, ukudideka, futhi ekugcineni kuqeda isivumelwano sezenhlalo esihlanganisa idemokratistiki. Ubuhlobo phakathi kokuthembana nokukhanya akuyona nje imiphumela engcono engokwe-— imiphumela yangempela yenqubo yezentengiselwano, ukusebenza kwezomnotho, kanye nokubambisana kwezenhlalo. I-Dizom kanye ne-Nhlangano yezentengiselwano yezentengiselwano yezentengiselwano yezentengiselwano (OCD) ibonisa njalo ukuthi amazwe athembele kakhulu empumeleni engcono, ukukhula okungcono kwezomnotho, nokuncipha kokuqonda okuncane kwezimiso zezenziwayo ngezindlela eziningi zokubhekana nomphakathi.

Ukubaluleka Kokwethenjwa Umphakathi

Ukwethemba umphakathi kuyizakhamuzi ezikwethemba uhulumeni wazo ukuze zenze ngokuvumelana nesithakazelo somphakathi, zikwazi ukulawula izimali, futhi zisekele izindinganiso zokuziphatha. Lokhu kuthembana akuzenzakaleli; kusungulwa ngokuzimela, ngokuzinqumela nangokungaguquguquki. Uma ukwethembana kuphakeme, izakhamuzi zithambekele kakhulu ekuzithobeni ngemithetho, ukukhokha izintela ngokwethembeka, futhi zihileleke ezinkingeni zomphakathi. Zibuye zithambekele ekwamukeleni izinqumo zikahulumeni ezingathandeki kodwa ezidingekayo, zazi ukuthi le nqubo ifanelekile nezisusa ezinhle.

Ukucwaninga kwePew Research Center nezinye izinhlangano kubonisa ukuthi ukwethemba uhulumeni kuye kwehla embusweni wentando yeningi eNtshonalanga emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule. Lokhu kukhukhuleka kuhlangene nokuncishiswa kwezindawo ezihlukene zezombangazwe, ukusakazeka kokwaziswa okunganembile, nombono wokuthi izinhlangano zikhonza izicukuthwane kunezakhamuzi ezivamile. Imiphumela isobala: umvoti ophansi, abantu abazimisele ukungenela izikhundla zomphakathi, nokwanda kwezinhlangano zempunga ezibekela inselele izinkolelo ezikhona. Ukukhomba ukukhomba kudinga okungaphezu kokuxhumana okulungile; kudinga izinguquko ezakhiweni ezenza uhulumeni ube nesibopho esiqotho ngempela futhi ungeneke.

Izici Ezithonya Ukwethenjwa Komphakathi

  • Ikhono eligunyaziwe: Izakhamuzi zithemba ohulumeni abanikeza izinkonzo ezidingekayo ngokuphumelelayo, kusukela ekulondekeni komphakathi kuya ekulondolozweni kwezakhiwo.
  • Kusho okulungile okungokomthetho: Uma izinqumo zenziwa ngezinqubo ezibonisa ngale namathuba okufakwa, ukwethemba kukhula ngisho noma umphumela ungahambi kahle.
  • [ Ukuvumelana:[ Ohulumeni abalalela isakhamuzi bakhathazeke futhi balungise izimiso ngokufanele bakhe ubuhlobo obuqinile nabazibandakanyayo.
  • [ Ukwethembana: kulimala kakhulu amahlazo, izingxabano zesithakazelo, noma noma ikuphi ukubonakala kokuzisebenzela phakathi kwezikhulu.

Ukukhuluma ngakunye kwalezi zilinganiso kudinga indlela ebanzi edlula kude nemibiko etholakala ngezikhathi ezithile noma imininingwane evulekile egciniwe egciniwe e - — kudinga ukuthulula isiko nokusebenza kwansuku zonke kwezinhlangano zikahulumeni.

Indima Yokubona Izindawo Ngokubona Okusobala Kukahulumeni

Ukubonakala kwale misebenzi kahulumeni kubhekisela ezingeni lapho izakhamuzi zingathola khona ukwaziswa ngemisebenzi kahulumeni, izinqumo, nezinqubo ngendlela efike ngesikhathi neqondakalayo. Kuhlanganisa imilinganiso eminingi: ukubonakala lé phandle (imisebe, izindleko, izimali), ukubonela kokuqondisa (indlela imithetho ekwenziwa futhi iphoqelelwe ngayo), kanye nokuveza ngokukhululekile (indlela izinqumo ezifinyelelwe ngayo). Uhulumeni obonisayo awusabeli nje ezicelweni zolwazi; ukhipha ukwaziswa futhi uchaze indlela okucatshangwa ngayo.

Ukubona gcawu kufeza imisebenzi eminingi ebucayi embusweni wentando yeningi. Okokuqala, kuvumela ukuba izinhlangano zomphakathi zikwazi ukulandisa; izindinganiso nezindivi, zikwazi ukuqondisa ukusebenza kukahulumeni futhi zimemezele ukuphatha kabi noma ukonakala. Okwesibili, kuthuthukisa ukwenza izinqumo ngokuletha imibono ehlukahlukene nobuchwepheshe enqubweni yenqubo ngokuhlola umphakathi. Okwesithathu, kuthuthukisa ukuphumelela kwezinkonzo zomphakathi ngokuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziqonde amalungelo azo nezibopho zazo, ngaleyondlela kunciphise ukudideleka nokungahambisani. Ekugcineni, kwakha ukuthembana ngokubonisa ukuthi uhulumeni awunalutho lokufihla.

Izingxenye eziphambili zikahulumeni obonisa ngale

  • Izindlela zokwaziswa ezivulekile: Ama-memone okunyathelisa afundeka ngomshini ohlelwa yimali, imali esetshenziswayo, izivumelwano, nemishini yokwenza ivumela izintatheli, abacwaningi, kanye nabacuphi bomphakathi ukuba bahlaziye imisebenzi kahulumeni.
  • Ukusebenzisa ulimi olulula ezibhalweni zomphakathi, ukunikeza izinguqulo lapho kudingeka khona, nokugcina amawebhusayithi afinyelelekayo kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwaziswa kufinyelela kuzo zonke izingxenye zomphakathi.
  • Umbiko ocushiwe:[ Imibiko yaminyaka yonke, okutholiwe, kanye namabhodi okuhlola umsebenzi kunikeza izakhamuzi ithuba lokuhlola intuthuko futhi kugcine izikhulu zinesibopho sokulandisa.
  • Izinqubo zokuhlanganyela: amahholo eTorobha, kuyi-inthanethi, amakomiti ombutho wesizwe, namajaji ezakhamuzi anikeza izindlela ezihleliwe zokuthonya isimiso ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe izinqumo.

Lapho lezi zici zikhona, ukubonakala kwalendawo kuba umjikelezo omuhle: ukwaziswa okuvulekile kuholela ekuthembiseni izakhamuzi ezengeziwe, okubangela ukuba kudingeke ngisho nokukhululeke ngokwengeziwe.

Izinselele Zokufinyelela Ukubona Okuqondile Kwangempela

Naphezu kokusekela ukubonakala ngaphandle kosizo olungenampendulo okusakazekile, ukukusebenzisa ngokuphumelelayo kugcwele izithiyo.

Ukumelana Nezombangazwe Nemibuso Ebusayo

Izikhulu zikahulumeni eziningi nezikhulu zikahulumeni ezisebenzayo zibheka ukubonakala ngaphandle kobuso obuwusongo kunokuba kube ithuba. Zingase zesabe ukuthi ukukhipha ukwaziswa kuzodalula amaphutha, kucele ukugxekwa, noma kunike abaphikisi bezombangazwe amandla. Lokhu kwenqaba kuvame ukuhlelwa ngemithetho eyimfihlo, izimiso zokuhlela, kanye nempucuko yokuzifaka engozini. Ukuyifaka engozini yokuzisola. Kudinga ukuhola okunamandla okusuka kulezo zisusa eziphezulu nezisobala, kuhlanganise nokwenza ama-million okuvumisa okuvumisa.

Ukuvinjelwa Kwemithombo Yezinto

Ukwakha nokugcina izimiso ezibonisayo kudinga ukutshala izimali kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuqeqeshwa, nezisebenzi. Ohulumeni abaningi, ikakhulukazi endaweni, abanamali yokwenza izikhungo zemininingwane ezivulekile, izisebenzi zesitimela eziphatha amarekhodi, noma ukusabela ezicelweni zokwaziswa komphakathi ngendlela efike ngesikhathi. Ngaphandle kokunikeza imali enikezelwe, izinyathelo zokubona ngalé kobuso zingaba izinguquko zamafasitela kunokuba zibe izinguquko ezingezinhle.

Izithiyo Ezingokomthetho Nezokuqondisa

Emazweni amaningi, inkululeko yokwaziswa isenenkululeko enkulu yokukhulula ukulondeka kwesizwe, ukufihla izimali, nokucabanga kwangaphakathi. Nakuba ezinye izigwebo zisemthethweni, zivame ukusetshenziswa ukuvikela ukwaziswa okuhlazisayo kwezombangazwe. Ukuguqula lemithetho ukuba inciphe ngokungenamthethweni futhi imise ukuqashelwa kokungafihli lutho kuyisinyathelo esinzima kodwa esidingekile.

Ubunkimbinkimbi Bukahulumeni

Ukubusa kwanamuhla kuhlanganisa izingqimba eziningi zezinhlangano, izakhi, nezihlangene zohulumeni. Ukulandelela isinqumo esisodwa i-—say, iprojekthi enkulu yezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi i-—can ihilela abadlali abaningi, ngamunye unezimiso zakhe zokwaziswa kanye nezindinganiso zokubika. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kwenza kube nzima ngisho nokubona okuyisisekelo, njengoba ukwaziswa kusakazekela ezindaweni ezinamabhodi ahlukene kungasiza, kodwa la makhambi adinga ukubambisana okuqhubekayo nobuchwepheshe.

Ukwaziswa Okunganembile Nokwaziswa Okweqile

Ngokuhlekisayo, ngezinye izikhathi ukubonakala okukhulu kungaphehla ukungathembani uma ukwaziswa okukhishwe kususwa ngaphandle komongo noma kusetshenziswa izinjongo zokulwa. Umthamo omkhulu wemininingwane kahulumeni unganqoba izakhamuzi, wenze kube nzima ukuhlukanisa izimpawu nomsindo. Ngakho imizamo yokubonana ngaphandle kokubhala nje, kodwa futhi ihlanganise ukuhlanganisa nokuchaza i-— ukusiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqonde ukuthi indaba isho ukuthini nokuthi kungani ibalulekile.

Izinqubo Zokwakha Ukuthembana Komphakathi Nokubonisana Ngokubona

Ukugunyaza ukwethenjwa komphakathi nokwethulwa uhulumeni akuwona umsebenzi wesikhathi esisodwa kodwa inqubo eqhubekayo yenguquko yezinhlangano. Amasu alandelayo asebenze kahle emongweni ohlukahlukene.

Ukusebenzisa Ubugebengu Obuvula Imininingwane

Ohulumeni kufanele bamukele izimiso ezivulekile ezizimiliselwe ezithi konke ukwaziswa kufanele kutholakale obala ngaphandle kokuba kunesizathu esiphoqelelayo sokukuvimba. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukunyathelisa ukwaziswa kumafomethi angangeni propiteriya, anemeta-metary ecacile, nangasemathekuni aphakathi okufuna. Ukuhlolwa kwasikhathi sonke kokuhambisana nezimiso zemininingwane ezivuliwe kungaqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlangano azibuyeli ekusithekeni. IBhange Le World’s Open Government Memon Officekit inikeza ipulani ewusizo kuhulumeni kuzo zonke izigaba.

Ukusebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe Ekuxhumaneni Nemisebe

Amathuluzi anamuhla emishini angenza ukuba ukukhanya kube namandla futhi kungeneke. Ngokwesibonelo, amabhodi angokoqobo emali esetshenziswayo, imvume yokulungisa izikhathi, noma ukusabela okuphuthumayo kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba ziqaphele ukusebenza kukahulumeni ngokuqhubekayo. Amasiteji e-Online anikeza izimpendulo zomphakathi ezihlongozweyo akwenza kube lula ngezakhamuzi ukuba zihlanganyele ngaphandle kokuya emihlanganweni. Ukuhlakanipha kungasiza futhi ngokuhlola amabhukwana kahulumeni ukuze athole amagama ayinhloko futhi ziwafushanise ngokuwasebenzisa emphakathini, nakuba kudingeka izivikelo olungokomthetho ukuze kugwenywe ubandlululo.

Ukwakha Izakhamuzi Zisebenzise Imishini

Ukubona gcaluza akukona nje ukusunduza ukwaziswa; futhi kuphathelene nokudonsa izakhamuzi. Ukuhlela imali, lapho izakhamuzi zivota indlela yokusebenzisa ingxenye yemali kamasipala, kuye kwasetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo emadolobheni avela ePorto Alegre, eBrazil, eParis, eFrance. Izakhamuzi zisebenzisa iziphakamiso zokuhlola, i-internet counsult forums, kanye nombono ovamile, konke kunikeza ohulumeni ukunikeza incazelo eqondile nezimpawu zokuthi ithonya lomphakathi liyaziswa. Uma izakhamuzi zibona ithonya lazo, ukwethembana kuya ngokuphawulekayo.

Ukufunda Ukuqeqeshwa Nendlela Yokuphila Eshintsha

Izisebenzi zikahulumeni zidinga ukuqonda ukuthi kungani izindaba ezicatshangelwe kahle nendlela yokuzisebenzisa emsebenzini wazo wansuku zonke. Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ukuphatha amarekhodi, ukuxhumana nomphakathi, kanye nokwenza izinqumo ezingokokuziphatha zingasusa impucuko yenhlangano ekusithekeni ingene ekuthuleni. I-leadevery kumelwe ifanekise ukuveza ulwazi ngokuthula nangokuvuma amaphutha lapho zikhona. Ukuqaphela umphakathi owenziweyo uma zibonakala kungadala ukucindezela okuhle kontanga.

Ukuqinisa Ukuphatha Nokulandisa

I-exependent wogadays — njengojenene ohlolayo, i-ombudsmen, nenkululeko yamakhomishane ezemfundo i — yenza indima ebalulekile ekubekeni ohulumeni ukuba balandise. Ukunikeza lemikhakha izimali ezanele negunya elingokomthetho kuqinisekisa ukuthi izithembiso zokubona zigcinwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlangano zomphakathi kanye nezintatheli eziphenyiswayo zidinga ukufinyelela ukwaziswa ukuze zifeze umsebenzi wazo wokugada. Ukuthembisana nemithombo yezindaba, kuhlanganise nokufaka i-memorbors, kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukubika okunembile.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo: Izibonelo Eziphumelelayo Zokubona Izindlela Ezibonisa Ngaphakathi

Amazwe amaningana nohulumeni bezizwe ezihlukahlukene baye babonisa ukuthi izinguquko zokubona ukukhanya zingathuthukisa ukwethembana, ukuphumelela, nezakhamuzi ezithembisanayo.

Estonia: Isibonelo Sikahulumeni Wezinombolo

I-Estonia isiye yaba umholi wembulunga yonke kuhulumeni nokukhanya. Ngendawo yayo yesikhulumi uX-Road , izakhamuzi zingafinyelela izinkonzo zezibalo ezingaphezu kuka-700, kusukela ekufakeni intela ukuya emarekhodini ezokwelapha. Uhulumeni ukhipha ukwaziswa okuvulekileyo kwento yonke kusukela kumnini wezwe kuya ekutholeni umphakathi, futhi izakhamuzi zingahlola ukuthi ama-euro azo entela asetshenziswa kanjani. Umphumela ungenye yamazinga aphezulu kakhulu okuthembana nohulumeni e-European Union, u-80%s e-Estonian azwakalisa ukuqiniseka ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi. Isifundo esiyinhloko siwukuthi ukubonakala kahle kakhulu uma kuhlanganiswa endwangwini yokuhambisa umsebenzi, hhayi ngemva kokucabanga.

INew Zealand: I - pranklofire

Uhulumeni waseNew Zealand uye wathatha indlela yokubonana, nezinhlangano ezifuna ukunyathelisa amaphepha eKhabhinethi, ukuhlolwa kwemithetho, nemibiko yomsebenzi engosini ephakathi. Izwe futhi lihlanganyela ngentshiseko eSikhungweni sikaHulumeni sikaHulumeni [, lifaka ihlombe lokuhlela kwaminyaka yonke okuhlanganisa ukuthembisana kwezakhamuzi nokubonana kwazo. Amakhasi asikhathi sonke eHhovisi lika-Punitoror-Jikelele aqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlangano zivumelana nezimfuneko ze-amazwi. Njengomphumela, iNew Zealand ilandela ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwamazwe amancane nanonyathi kakhulu emhlabeni, nezakhamuzi zayo zibika amazinga aphakeme okuthembana ezinkonzweni zomphakathi.

ENingizimu Korea: Ukwaziswa Okuvulekile Okushayela Ukuthukululwa Kwezimo

I-South Korea yamisa i-Open Data Portal ebanzi ngo-2013, inikeza ukunikezwa kokwaziswa okungaphezu kuka-30 000 okuvela kuzo zonke izinkonzo zikahulumeni. Isinyathelo saqhutshwa umthetho owawufuna ukuba wonke ama-data axhaswe obala akhululwe kumafomethi aphinde avuselelwe. tratel[ ayithuthukisi nje kuphela ukulandisa kodwa futhi yenza kube nokuthuthukisa kokuziphendulela komsebenzi kodwa futhi nezinhlelo ezikhulayo ezisebenzisa imininingwane ekuxazululeni izinkinga zezenhlalo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukufika kwemininingwane yebhasi yangempela yezokuthutha umphakathi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle, futhi izibalo zobugebengu ziye zasiza izakhamuzi ukuba zikhethe izindawo eziphephile. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwaseNingizimu Korea kubonisa ukuthi ukuvela ngaphandle kungaba yindawo ephambili yendalo nenani lezomnotho.

U - Uruguay: Ukusebenzisa Imali Ngokwesilinganiso

Uhulumeni wezwe wase-Uruguay uye wasungula izinqubo zokuhlela imali ehlukene ezivumela izakhamuzi ukuba zihlongoze futhi zivote emikhankasweni yokutshala imali yomphakathi ezindaweni ezinjengezezisekelo, imfundo, namasiko. Lenqubo icace ngokugcwele, ngazo zonke iziphakamiso, amavoti, nemiphumela ekhishwa kuyi-webhusayithi ye-intanethi. Izakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka-30 000 ziye zahlanganyela, futhi imisebenzi eminingi iye yaqedwa ngenani eliphakeme. Le misebenzi iye yaboniswa ngomasipala kulo lonke elaseLatin America, okubonisa ukuthi ukubonakala nokuthatha isinyathelo kungaba ngokuphumelelayo ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zempucuko.

Ikusasa Lokuthenjwa Umphakathi Nokubona Ikusasa Ngokubona Okusobala Kukahulumeni

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe nomphakathi kushintsha, ukubonakala kokukhanya nokuthembana kuzakuqhubeka kushintsha. Ukuhlanganisa amathuluzi afana neblockchain kunikeza amarekhodi angenakho ukugcinwa kahulumeni, okwenza kube nzima ukushintsha ukwaziswa ngokusebenza. Lokhu kungaguqula izindawo ezinjengobuqotho bokhetho, ukugcinwa kwezindawo, nokuveza izimpawu ezingaphandle. Ukuhlakanipha komthetho kungahlaziya imininingwane eminingi kakhulu yokuhlola ukukhohlisa noma ukuhluleka, nakuba kuphakamisa izingozi zokuhlasela kwemithetho eyimfihlo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuvela izinsongo ezintsha. Imikhankaso yokuhlola nokukhipha ulwazi ingahlobisa ukubonakala kwangaphandle, ithathe ukwaziswa kweqiniso ngaphandle komongo ukuze ihlwanyele ukungathembani. Ukwehlukana kwezibalo kusho ukuthi izakhamuzi ezingenayo i-intanethi noma amakhono emishini ashiywe ekuvuleni kwendlela yokubona, futhi kungajulisa ukungalingani. Futhi ukusetshenziswa okwandayo kobuchwepheshe bokuhlola, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kufanelekile, kungaqeda amathuba eyimfihlo futhi kubangele imiphumela ethusayo ekuphikabeni kokungavumelani.

Ukuze basebenzise lezi zinselele, ohulumeni kumelwe basebenzise indlela esekelwe ezimisweni yokubona kahle evumelanisa ukuvuleka kolwazi oluyimfihlo, ukulondeka, nokungafihli lutho. Lokhu kusho ukutshala imali ezimisweni zolwazi lokufunda, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imizamo yokubona ifinyelela imiphakathi ehluzekile, nokubeka imithetho ecacile yokusebenzisa ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa ekwenzeni izinqumo zomphakathi. Kusho futhi ukuthuthukisa indlela eqhubekayo, lapho ukukhanya kungeyona isibopho esiqhubekayo sohlungwayo kodwa kusemqoka oqhubekayo.

Ekugcineni, ukwakha idemokrasi enamandla kudinga ukuqaphela ukuthi ukwethembana nokubonana akupheleli ngokwako kodwa kusho ukusabela ngokwengeziwe, ukuhlanganisa, nokuphumelela kukahulumeni. Ngokumisa kuqala lezizindinganiso, ohulumeni bangakha umjikelezo omuhle wokuthembisana, ukulandisa, nokuvuselelwa. Indlela engaphambili ayilula futhi ayisheshi, kodwa ibalulekile empilweni yemiphakathi yentando yeningi yonke indawo.