Njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kushesha, enye yezindaba ezicindezela kakhulu ezibhekene nezindawo zogu lomhlaba wonke ukuphakama okuqhubekayo kwamazinga olwandle. Lento isongela imithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile, izakhiwo ezibucayi, nendawo ezungezile enciphileyo esekela kokubili abantu nezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Ekuphenduleni, abenzi bezimiso, onjiniyela, nososayensi bendawo ezungezile basungula amasu amasha okulawula lezinguquko nokuvikela imiphakathi esengozini. Isidingo sokusebenza ngokushelela, inqubo yamanzi asekelwe kuyisayensi ayikaze isheshiseke kakhulu, njengoba ukukhuphuka komfa okukhona okucindezela abantu basedolobheni, ukuncipha kwamanzi, nokukhula kwamanzi akhulayo. Lesi sihloko sihlola imiphumela ephakeme yezimiso zamanzi, ukuhlola inqubo engokwesikhathi esizayo, nokuhlolwa okungaqondisa imizamo ephumelelayo.

Ukuqonda Ithonya Lolwandle Kuvela Emithonjeni Yamanzi

Izinga lokuphakama kolwandle libangelwa abashayeli ababili abayinhloko: ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa, nokunwebeka kwamanzi ashisayo njengoba efudumala. Ngokwe-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), izinga lolwandle eliwumhlaba wonke liye lakhuphuka cishe ngamasentimitha angu-20 kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, futhi izinga liye lanyuka emashumini eminyaka amuva. Ngisho nangaphansi kokukhiqizwa okusesilinganisweni, ukuvela kokukhanya okubonisa ukuthi amasentimitha angu-30-60 aphakeme uma iqhwa liwohloka.

Izindawo zogu zasogwini zibhekana nokwanda nokukhuphuka kwezikhukhula, kokubili ngenxa yokugadla kwesiphepho nangenxa yezikhukhula eziphakeme “usuku olucwazimula”. Lokhu kugquma kunganqoba izimiso zamanzi ashisayo, kulimaza izitshalo ezingcolisa amanzi angcolile, futhi kungcolise imithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile ngosawoti nokungcola. Enye yemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu ukungena emanzini agudle amanzi olwandle angena amanzi ahlanzekile asogwini. Njengoba amazinga olwandle enyuka, umfutho ongokwemvelo phakathi kwamanzi angaphansi kwamanzi ahlanzekile namanzi olwandle, okubangela ukuba amanzi asolwandle acwilise amanzi asolwandle acwengezele ekuphuleni amanzi angcolile. Lokhu kungabangela amanzi asemachibini asemachibini asemazweni asezweni naphezulu ukuba anciphe.

Ukugcwala kogu kuhlanganisa amanzi amaningi anezinselele ezihlobene. Ukulahleka kwezindawo ezingamaxhaphozi ezisogwini kususa izivalo ezingokwemvelo ezihluzayo futhi zivuselele iziphethu. Inhlanganisela yezikhukhula, ukuvuleka kolwandle, nokuguguleka kudinga ukuba kugcwele, kuqhubekele phambili izimiso zamanzi ezithinta ukuvikelwa ngokushesha kanye nokuzinza isikhathi eside.

Ukusabela Kwesimiso Esisha Samanzi

Ohulumeni nezinhlangano emhlabeni wonke basebenzisa izinhlelo ezintsha eziningi zokuxazulula le zinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zinqubo zokuthatha izinhlelo zokwakha, izindlela ezisekelwe kwisayensi yobuchwepheshe, nezinguquko ezisemqoka. Ngezansi kunezigaba eziyinhloko ezibonakala ziphumelela.

Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Okuzivumelanisa Nesimo

Ukuphathwa kwamanzi ngokuvamile kuncike emithethweni emisiwe nasemzimbeni wezezisekelo ezifingqiwe, kodwa ukuphakama kwamanzi enyuka kubangela ukungaqiniseki okukhulu. Ukulawula amanzi okuguquguqukayo kuhlanganisa ukuvumelana nokuhlelwa kwendlela yokusebenza. I-policies iklanyelwe ukuguqula inguquko njengezimo, isebenzisa ukwabiwa okusheshayo kwamalungelo amanzi, izimiso zokuhlola isikhathi, kanye nokuhlola kwezikhathi ezithile kwengozi. Ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izingeni lokuwa kwamanzi manje zisebenzisa “izisekelo zokuzimela” ezibangela ukulondolozwa kwemigqa ezindaweni lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba efinyelela izinga elithile. Lokhu kuvumela abaphathi ukuba bathengise ukuthengwa kokwethembeka kwamanzi, ukugeleza kwezindawo ezingoko nendawo ezungezile, kanye nokuvotelelwa kwemali ngaphandle kokungalungiseki. [FLT:][FLD][FK:] ICC ukuhlola okungalungisekiyo kubangela ukulawulwa kwesimo esithile ngenxa yokubhekana nesimo esithile.

Izindawo Ezimahhadla Ezivuselelwe Nezakhiwe

Amaxhaphozi angokwemvelo nabuyiselwe asebenza njenge- “izakhiwo zemvelo” ezivimbela iziphepho, izihlungu, nokuvuselela amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Amaxhaphozi aklanyelwe ukulingisa lemisebenzi ezindaweni ezifanelekile. Abenzi bamahlelo bahlanganisa izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi kakhulu ezinamanzi awenziwe ngemibhoshongo kanye nezikhukhula. I-U.S. Army of Engiers ikhuthaza izici ezikhuhlazayo ze-Engineacs "umquare" eduze kwe-leves. E-Mekong Deltalm, iVietnam ibuyisela amahlathi amahlumela amanzi emvula ukuze inciphise amandla futhi ivikele ama-rayisi. Ngalé kwesomiso, ukukhuphuza imfula nezingamanzi, ukuthuthukisa izinga lamanzi. Ukulungisa izinyoni ezihlala ogwini elinamfudlayo manje kunikeza indawo yokuhlala izinyoni kanye nezingalo. [FF] [F] Imibiko ye-ENstalves]

Izindlela Zobuchwepheshe Zokukhipha Izidakamizwa

Ukukhishwa kosawoti kuyinqubo yokususa amanzi asemanzini asemanzini asemanzini ahlanzekile noma angaphansi komhlaba ukuze kukhiqizwe amanzi ahlanzekile. Njengoba imithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile incipha, ukukhishwa kwemisebe kunikeza isomiso yesomiso esivimbela isomiso. Izitshalo zanamuhla eziguqula i-losmosis seziye zakwazi kakhulu ukukhipha amandla angasebenzi kahle futhi azibizi kakhulu eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule, ngokusetshenziswa amandla anciphayo cishe ngu 75% kusukela ngawo 1970. Nokho, ukuncishiswa kwemizwa kwemisebe kuhlala ikhona kubiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemithombo evamile futhi kuveza i-binemune egcweleyo okumelwe isetshenziswe ngokucophelela ukuze kuviswe imvelo yasemanzini. Izimiso zihlanganisa iziphakaliso ezimpompompo zamanzi nezingalaphelo ezishini ezishiweyo, njengoba kuphawulwe kakhulu i-Rhometerswon [10] ngeminyaka enyaka kamuva, i-Rhomeonsf]

Ukusetshenziswa Kwendlela Ephathwayo Nezithiyo Ezibangelwa Ugu

Kwezinye izindawo, ukusabela okubiza kakhulu okuthatha isikhathi eside okuthatha isikhathi eside kukwenza ushintshe abantu, impahla, nesisekelo esikude ezifundeni eziphakeme. Ukuhoxa okuhambayo kuhlanganisa ukuhlela ukuthi ushintsho luthathe iminyaka noma amashumi eminyaka, ukuthengela abanikazi bemizi izinto ezihambayo, ukuthutha imigwaqo namanzi phakathi komhlaba, nokugcina indawo entsha evulekile noma indawo exekethile. Ngokuvamile, kuhambisana nemithetho evimbela ukwakhiwa kwezindawo ezintsha zezindawo ezikhuphukayo futhi kusungulwe “ukuhlelwa kwemigqashuka kwemigqa enyukayo” njengoba amazinga olwandle enyuka. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Changes Climate Act ne-Astrian’s Acts, i-ssss act ne-operations ayworkings. Nakuba kunzima ukulawulwa kwezombangazwe kunciphisa izindleko zesikhathi esizayo nokuvinje kakhulu kubantu basolwandle.

Ukulondolozwa Kwamanzi Nezinzuzo Eziphumelelayo

Ukunciphisa isidingo samanzi angena amanzi anele okungena emanzini anele kungenye yezindlela ezilula nezishibhile kakhulu zokunciphisa ukungenwa kwamanzi olwandle nokomiso. Izimiso zokuvula zihlanganisa izakhiwo ezinamaqoqo ezilawula amazinga aphakeme okusetshenziswa ngokweqile, izinhlelo zokubuyisela izinhlelo eziphakeme, kanye nemikhankaso yokuqaphela umphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, “imikhuba yokuwasebenzisa amanzi amanzi asemanzini eSingapore” yasiza ekunciphiseni ukudliwa kwamanzi asekhaya ngesilinganiso esingaphezulu kweshumi leminyaka. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi kudla indima eyandayo; ukusetshenziswa kwemfucushini kungasetshenziselwa ukunisela, izinqubo zezemboni, noma ngisho nokusetshenziswa ngokungaqondile. U-Orangemuva kwe-Formater Releenterstionation System, ikhiqiza izigidi eziyi-liter zamanzi aguqukayo ngosuku, efaka i-injini encindisiwe ezindaweni zosawoti.

Ukuhlola Impumelelo Yezenzakalo

Izifunda eziningana emhlabeni wonke ziye zaqala ukusungula lezinkambiso, zinikeza izifundo ezibalulekile kwabanye ababhekene nokusongelwa okufanayo.

INetherlands: Isibopho Sesizwe Sokulawula Amanzi Avumelana Nezimo

I-Netherlands ingumholi wezwe ophila ngamanzi. Cishe u-1,3 walelizwe ungaphansi kolwandle, kodwa uhlala ugcwele futhi ukhiqiza. Indlela yamaDashi ihlanganisa u-Stateof hintarath ubunjiniyela obulawulayo. i-Delta Works/a system yamadame, i-luices, i-levees, nesperrugee, imingcele yama-8s" ivikela i-Rhine-Meusegrade·anuset trea. Muva nje, i-Dashin iye yasuka nje ekusebenziseni i-speactive trat. I-meartums" ekuhleleni igumbi lokulungisa umfula. Igumbi loMfuleni owehlelayo, i-Foke, inciphiswe iziphene yamanzi, futhi yenza imifula encibilikayo encibilizayo ezindaweni zamanzi. I-Rhansike iminyaka engu-6.[12]

ECalifornia: Ukuhlanganisa Ukulondoloza Imvelo, Ukuthutha Imikhumbi, Nokuphathwa Kwamanzi Angaphansi Komhlaba

Okuhlangenwe nakho kweCalifornia kokonakala kolwandle nokungavikeleki kogu kuye kwathatha isisekelo sezimiso ezintsha. I-Sstainable Groutermagement Act (SGMA), yadlula ngo-2040, idinga ukuba izinhlangano zendawo zifake izitsha ezihlotshisiwe ngo-2040. Ezindaweni zogu lolwandle, i-SGMA ikhela ngokuqondile amakheliji amanzi asawoti ngokufuna ukugawulwa nokulawulwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba eduze kogu. Izwe lithenge kakhulu ekuvuleni amanzi ancibilikayo nasesikhumulweni sokususa. I-Proseidon dealitition eCarlsbad, i-market, cishe amalitha ayizigidi ezingu-50 ngosuku, futhi isitshana sesibili sicelwe eHuntington. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Messiganburg yamanzi aseNingizimu e-Southe California inikeza izisusa futhi i-Procence. I-Promotection ephakathi ye-Central i-Central i-Central i-Critive i-Crigion i-ccuadrole i-ose i-o

EBangladesh: Umphakathi − Ukuvumelana Nezimo Emhosha Ongalawuleki

IBangladesh ingelinye lamazwe angakwazi ukunyakazisa isimo sezulu kakhulu eMhlabeni, anethafa eliphansi elinamathelela abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu- 160. I-Seapareter inyuka izikhukhula, iziphepho, kanye nokungena emanzini anosawoti emifuleni nasezindaweni ezinamanzi anele. Uhulumeni, ehlangene ne-Njongo nezinhlobo zerayisi ezinomsila emhlabeni wonke. Ukwakha imithombo ephakeme ephakemeyo ekhuphukayo empompelayo ekhipha amanzi amanzi asemajuleni, ama-asline asquifer; ukwakha izikhungo eziphinda kabili njengezindawo zokuthutha amanzi emvula; nokuthuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo zerayisi ezimpova. Izindawo ze-Gombalbank emboni ye-engalase i-engamandla engcono kakhulu, i-erobown engcono kakhulu, i-eaced projective projectssssss (ieveracss) uma ikhona imithombo yamazwe yakhona ikhona engcono kakhulu.

Izinselele Neziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo

Naphezu kwalezi zinqubo ezintsha, izithiyo ezinkulu zivimbela ukusetshenziswa kokwanda kokusabela okuphumelelayo kwamanzi lapho ulwandle lwenyuka ngamaphesenti angu - 67.

Ukuntengantenga Kwezimali Nezomnotho

Eziningi zezinyathelo eziphumelela kakhulu .Izilinganiso ezinkulu kakhulu zemali ebolekwayo, ukubuyiselwa kwe-wetland, kwabhekana nokuhlenga-hlengwa okuqinile kokulondoloza imali. Izindawo zogu lolwandle ngokuvamile azinakho ukukhokha intela noma ukuboleka izimali zokuxhasa imisebenzi enjalo. Ohulumeni besizwe nezinhlangano zezezimali zomhlaba wonke kumelwe baqhubeke nokunikeza izimali, imali ephansi kakhulu, kanye nezimiso zezimali ezintsha ezinjengezibopho eziluhlaza noma izimali zokuzivuselela. [FLT][5] Ubuhle be-Reduction ne Revective[[FLT] lusiza amazwe ukuba athuthukise izinhlelo zemali ezihambisanayo ezihlanganisa imishuwalense, imali ehambisanayo, nezindawo ezigciniwe. Ngaphandle kokuxhasa imali engcono kakhulu, ngisho nezimiso zokulungisa izimali ezizokwengwayo [Frandexpland] ziyo ziyo ephepheni.

Intando Yezombangazwe Nezithiyo Zezinhlangano

Izimiso zokuzivumelanisa nezimiso zezombangazwe ezivame ukubhekana nemijikelezo emifushane engabonakali evumela izakhiwo ezibonakalayo, ezisheshayo ezithatha isikhathi eside, izinguquko ezithatha isikhathi eside. Ukuhoxa okungathandeki ngokwezombangazwe, ikakhulukazi, akuthandwa ngenxa yokuthi kudinga imiphakathi ukuba ishiye izwe namakhaya. Izikhulu eziqashweyo zinganqikaza ukuphoqelela izithiyo zogu lolwandle noma ukuphakamisa amazinga amanzi okukhokhela ukuvuselelwa kwezitshalo. Ukunqoba lemingcele kudinga ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo kwesayensi, ukuxhumana okusobala okungaphelele okufaka ababambisibo. Amalungiselelo angokomthetho, njenge-Water Frameoclescooctic Direction e-Driveractive noma i-SGMA, kungathuthukisa ukulawulwa kwezimiso nokulawulwa kwezelulekwa ngokomthetho okudlula ukulawulwa kwabantu ngabanye.

Ukungakhethi Nobulungisa Bezenhlalo

Isimo sezulu esincishiswe sasolwandle sikhuphuka ngokungenakulinganiswa isilinganiso semiphakathi engenisa imali ephansi kanye namaqembu angaphansi, ahlala ezindaweni ezinezikhukhula futhi anemithombo embalwa yokuzivumelanisa nezindawo. Ukusabela kwamanzi okungalawuleki kumelwe kuklanyelwe ukusakaza izindleko nezinzuzo ngokulandelana. Ngokwesibonelo, isilinganiso samanzi adwetshiwe kufanele sihlanganise amazinga asindisayo okusetshenziswa okubalulekile. Izinhlelo ezilawulwayo zokuthola imali kanye nosizo lokuthola inzuzo yokuthutha. Imisebenzi yokuthenga nokuthutha nokuthutha amanzi kufanele ibekwe ngaphandle komthetho ukuze igwenywe ngokulawula imicimbi yomphakathi ukuze kugwenywe ubulungisa bendawo. Ukuhluleka ukunikeza ukuthemba umphakathi okubalulekile nokuholela ezinkingenisweni ezingokomthetho kufanele kunikeze imbuyiselo nje kuphela ekukhiqini ukukhiqini.

Ukuhlelwa kabusha Kokuhlolwa Nokulingiswa

Izimiso zamanzi esikhathini esizayo ziyoncika ekwazini okunembe kakhulu, okuphezulu mayelana nokwenyuka kwamanzi olwandle, usawoti wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, nengozi yezikhukhula. Intuthuko ekuhlolweni kwemizwa ekude, ukuhlolwa kwe-droone, kanye nemishini ye-AIPAI enamandla yamanzi angathuthukisa ukubikezelwa nokusekela isinqumo sangempela sesikhathi esiyi-656. I-bicizen Bengradeology eqoqa amanzi anele kanye nokwaziswa kosawoti okungagcwalisa izikhala ezinhlangothini ze-gunjini ye-injini. Abenzi bemithetho kufanele bafake amapulatifomu okwaziswa kanye namapulatifomu avula ama-‘accessss ukuze bavumelane ukwakheka, ubufakazi obusekelwe. Ukubambisana kwe-indengendlela ye-Global Observing System, kubalulekile ekulandeleni kwemicimbiza futhi kunakho ukuhlanganisa inqubo engcono kakhulu emingceleni.

Isiphetho

I-Climat 88information inhleeeve à light ound 88 lesvolture idinga ukunyuka okuqinile, okuqanjiwe, okungaguquguqukiyo, nokulinganayo. Akukho cebo elanele; amaqoqo alawula imvelo, akhubazeke, alungise imvelo, alondoloze imvelo, futhi ahhayishiwe. Izibonelo eziphumelelayo ezivela eNetherlands, eCalifornia, naseBangladesh zibonisa ukuthi nakuba izinselele zikhona, intuthuko ingenzeka lapho isayensi, ukubophana komphakathi, kanye nokuzibophezela kwezombangazwe kuqhubeka, njengoba amazinga olwandle eqhubeka, ukukhetha esikwenzayo namuhla kuyo ukuthi imithombo yogu lolwandle ingavikela imithombo yayo ehlanzekile futhi yakha ukwakheka okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokufunda ngolwazi nangolwazi nangokwakha intuthuko, izinhlangano zolwandle zingaguqula ithuba lokuthuthukisa, ukusekela izinhlelo zamanzi ezinhlandlayo.