Ukusuka Kwabaqaphi Kuya Ekwazini: Ukuphoqelelwa Komthetho Okude

Indaba yokugcinwa komthetho ayiyona indaba eqondile kusukela ekuqondiseni umthetho ngokuphaphamele kusuka kumthetho osemthethweni ukuya kuphoqelelwa amaphoyisa angochwepheshe. Indaba eklanywe ukuchuma kwezemisebenzi, izinxushunxushu zezombangazwe, izinhlangano zamalungelo abantu, nokushintsha ngokushesha kwezobuchwepheshe. Kubafundisi nabafundi abafunda ngobulungisa bobugebengu, ukuqonda lendawo engokomlando ibalulekile. Kuchaza ukuthi kungani iminyango yamaphoyisa isebenzisa indlela ewenza ngayo namuhla, kungani eminye imikhuba ibangela impikiswano, futhi inguquko ewumlando wempumelelo. Lesihloko sibonisa uhambo olusuka kumthetho wempucuko yasendulo ukuya ezithombeni ze-Divention, izihloko eziqokomele izihloko zekhulu lama-20 lokuqala, iqokomisa isihluthulelo sokushintsha nokuthinta kwayo okuhlala eMelika nasembulukeni nasembulungeni yonke.

Izimbangela Ezijulile Zokuphatha Ngomthetho

Izimiso Zohlelo Zasendulo

Ngaphambi kokuba amaphoyisa agunyaziwe, ukugcinwa komthetho kwakuwumsebenzi womphakathi ohlanganyelwayo. EGibithe lasendulo, i-mejay yayiyibutho lezempi elalidonswa abacibisheli bamaNubian. Babesebenza njengezimpisi zasogwadule, onogada bamathuna, futhi ekugcineni uhlobo lwamaphoyisa esizwe ngaphansi kukaFaro. Indima yabo yayiyikhomba kakhulu ngokuphathelene nokuvikela impahla kahulumeni njengoba yayiyiyo ukumiswa kwemithetho phakathi kwezakhamuzi. EGrisi yasendulo, ikakhulukazi e-Athene, i-Scycyters Archs [ -- isigqila esiphethe umphakathi - -- isixuku esiphethe isixuku futhi siboshwe. Lemifanekiso yakuqala yayisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi yayifeza izithakazelo zesigaba sokubusa emphakathini.

UMbuso wamaRoma wasungula izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Ngaphansi kuka-Awugusto, uCortes Urbanae (amahlelo) ayesebenza njengomlindi wedolobha eRoma, kuyilapho iPraetean Guard[ yavikela umbusi. [[FLT:]] [FLT]] [4] izimpi zomlilo [[ zihlangene nokulwa nomsebenzi wobulongwe, zakha imo yokuqala yenkonzo kamasipala. Le misebenzi yamaRoma — izigaba ezikhethekile, izikelelwa ezicacile zomyalo, nemithwalo yezwe echazayo — izakhiwo ze-protopozi emashumi amaningi eminyaka eYurophu.

Isisekelo se-Anglo-Saxon: Isimiso seFrankpledge

ENgilandi yakudala, isimiso sangaphambili sasifuna wonke umuntu okhululekile ukuba afunge isifungo sokusekela ukuthula kwenkosi. Amaqembu emikhaya eyishumi (okuthiwa ukunikela okweshumi) ayenecala elihlangene ngenxa yokuziphatha kwelungu ngalinye. Uma ilungu ngalinye lenze ubugebengu, elinye kwadingeka ukuba limkhiphele ukuqulwa icala noma ukukhokha okuhle. Lesimiso senza umthetho ube isibopho sendawo, somphakathi kunokuba ube umsebenzi wezwe.

Inkathi Ephakathi Nokuphakama Kwegunya Elimisiwe

Njengoba isimiso somthetho sasiqina, umthwalo wemfanelo wokugcinwa komthetho wasuka emphakathini waya kumakhosi endawo. Inkosi yomphathi yayinegunya lokubopha nokujezisa izigebengu emazweni ayo. Emadolobheni nasemadolobhaneni, umqhele omisiwe (kusukela ku "reeve") ukuqoqa izintela, ukuphoqelela imithetho, nokugcina ijele lesifunda. Indawo yomphathi wamadolobha neyawo ihlala ingenye yezindima zokugcinwa komthetho ezindala kakhulu emlandweni waseNtshonalanga.

Phakathi nale nkathi kwavela ezinye izindima ezimbili ezibalulekile:

  • Amasosha: amaTologo ayedinga amadoda anekhono ukuze asebenze amashifu asebusuku, ehamba emigwaqweni enezibani futhi ememeza ihora. Amasosha ayengenalo igunya elingokomthetho negunya elilinganiselwe lokuphakamisa umbala obomvu futhi akhale uma ebona inkathazo. Ukuphumelela kwawo kwakuxhomeke ekuqapheni kwezisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingaqeqeshiwe.
  • Ikhonkistable: ebekwe esifundeni sesifunda, amaphoyisa asebenza njengesikhulu somthetho esiphethe emaphandleni. Bakhipha imvume, baqoqa intela, futhi basebenzisa imithetho yendawo. Ngokungafani namajaji, amaphoyisa ayengakhokhelwa futhi ngokuvamile emanqikanqika ukukhonza, okuholela ekusebenzeni ngokuguquguqukayo.

Le nqubo yokulungisa izinsimbi — amaphoyisa, amaphoyisa nabalindi — ayizange ishintshe kakhulu kwaze kwaba ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili. Yayisingahambisani kahle, ihlangene kabi futhi isengozini yokukhohlakala. Njengoba amadolobha ayedlondlobala phakathi neNguquko Yezezimboni, lesi sibonelo senkathi ephakathi sabonakala singanele ukusingatha ubugebengu nokuphazamiseka kwasemadolobheni.

Ukuzalwa Kwepolitiki Yanamuhla: Izimiso ZasePeelian Namaphoyisa EMetropolitan

Inkathi eyachithwayo emlandweni wokugcinwa komthetho yafika ngo-1829, lapho unobhala wekhaya waseBrithani uRobert Peel elusa iMetropolitan Police Act ngePhalamende. Umphumela waba yi-London Metropolitan Politan Police — eqashelwa kabanzi njengebutho lokuqala lamaphoyisa lanamuhla, elingochwepheshe, elixhaswa obala. UPeel wasungula izimiso eziyisishiyagalo-9 ezisekelwe ekutholweni kwefilosofi:

  • Umgomo oyinhloko wamaphoyisa uwukuvimbela ubugebengu nokuphazamiseka.
  • Ikhono lamaphoyisa lokwenza imisebenzi yawo lixhomeke ekuvumeni komphakathi izenzo zawo.
  • Amaphoyisa kumelwe aqinisekise ukubambisana komphakathi ngokuzithandela ekugcineni umthetho ngokuzithandela.
  • Izinga lokubambisana liyancipha njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwanda.
  • Amaphoyisa afuna futhi alondoloze ukuthandwa umphakathi hhayi ngokuvumela imibono yomphakathi kodwa ngokubonisa inkonzo yokungakhethi.
  • Amaphoyisa asebenzisa amandla kuphela lapho ehluleka ukuthonya, ukunikeza iseluleko nokuxwayisa.
  • Amaphoyisa kumelwe alondoloze ubuhlobo nomphakathi obunikeza iqiniso esikweni elingokomlando lokuthi amaphoyisa angomphakathi futhi umphakathi ungamaphoyisa.
  • Amaphoyisa kufanele aqondise imizamo yawo ngokuyisisekelo emisebenzini yawo futhi angathathi igunya lejaji.
  • Ukuhlolwa kokuphumelela kwamaphoyisa kuwukungabikho kobugebengu nokuphazamiseka, hhayi ubufakazi obubonakalayo bokuthatha isinyathelo samaphoyisa.

Lezizimiso zagcizelela [ ukuvimbela kokuvimbela kokugcina. Abaphathi be-Peel' — ababizwa ngokuthi "i-bobbys" — babefaka iyunifomu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi bephethe i-pyncheon kuphela. babenqatshelwe ukuphatha izibhamu, isiko elisaqhubeka eBrithani namuhla. Isibonelo sabonisa ukuthi amadolobha adlulela e-United States, eCanada, nase-Australia athola izimiso ezifanayo.

E-United States, iminyango yamaphoyisa yokuqala ehleliwe yavela eBoston (1838), eNew York (1845), nasePhiladelphia (1854). Leminyango yakuqala yaseMelika yaboleka kakhulu kumfuziselo wePeelian kodwa yayivumelanisa nendawo ehloniphekile, echukululekile kwezombangazwe. Amaphoyisa aseMelika asebenza ngokujabulisa izimeya nemishini yezombangazwe, ngokuvamile eyayihweba ngemisebenzi kanye nokukhushuliswa kwemisebenzi yezombangazwe. Lokhu kwabangela izimpikiswano eziphikelelayo nokonakala nokulandisa okwakuzothatha iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu ukuze akhulume.

Ukuguqulwa kwekhulu lamabili: Ubuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe, nonyaka ka-20

Ikhulu lamashumi amabili leminyaka laletha amandla amathathu aguqulayo ekuqikelweni komthetho: ubuchwepheshe , iprojectationation [, kanye ukuphazamiseka kwezezenhlalo. Amandla ngamanye aguqula indlela amaphoyisa asebenza ngayo nendlela umphakathi owazibheka ngayo.

Izinhlayiya Zobuchwepheshe

  • Amaza amabili: Ngawo-1930, izimoto ezigadayo zihlonyiswe imisakazo evumela abathumeli ukuba baqondise izikhulu ezigabeni zangempela. Lokhu kuncishiswa ngokuphawulekayo kwezikhathi zokusabela futhi kushintshwa amaphoyisa kusukela ekugadweni kwezinyawo kuya kugadelwa ngenjini. Umphumela wancishiswa ukuxhumana kwesikhulu-combuniy.
  • I-telephone kanye no-911 System: Ukusungulwa kwezimiso zocingo oluphuthumayo kubekwa phakathi kokubika nokuthumela, kodwa futhi kwakha nesibonelo esithatha isinyathelo lapho amaphoyisa asabela khona ekushayeni izingcingo kunokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo.
  • Isayensi ye-FONSIC: ukushaya isikhonkwane isinwe (ebuphayona nguScotland Yard ngo1901) futhi kamuva ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA kwanika abacwaningi amathuluzi anamandla okuhlukanisa abasolwa ngokuqiniseka kwesayensi. I-database yeminwe ye-FBI yesizwe, eyamiswa ngo-1924, yaba itshe eliyinhloko lokuhlukanisa ubugebengu.
  • Izimiso zolwazi oluzenzekelayo:[ Amacomputer enza ukuba ukuqoqwa nokuhlaziywa kwezibalo zobugebengu, kuholela emaqhingani okwaziswa anjenge-COMPSTAT, iDolobha laseNew York elawamukela ngawo 1990 ukuhlasela amachashaza ashisayo obugebengu.

Inhlangano Yokuqamba Izisebenzi

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, abashisekeli benguquko abanjengo-August Volmer (inhloko yamaphoyisa eBerkeley, California) baqhubele phambili izindinganiso zemfundo ephakeme, izindlela zesayensi, nokususwa kwethonya lezombangazwe kuphostolish. UVollmer wasungula izifundo zasekholiji zezikhulu, amapulani, amapulani, nokusetshenziswa kobugebengu. Imfundo yakhe ye-protégreme, .W.Wilson, waba yidean yezifundo zezifundo zekholiji ye-crinto yase-liforcian futhi kamuva kwezenka yoMnyango we-Chicagoclist. Umthetho ka-1950 waba yi-Prolicle Administration, i-odvince, i-octive command, nomyalo we-odvicence.

Lo mshini wokuthuthukisa ukuqeqeshwa nokuncishiswa kwenkohlakalo, kodwa futhi wadala ibanga phakathi kwamaphoyisa nemiphakathi. Izikhulu zaqeqeshwa ukuba zibe abaphoqeleli abangakhethi bomthetho, hhayi abanciphisi bezinkinga abaqanjwe ezindaweni ezizungezile. Umphumela ongalindelekile kwakuwumbono "kamuva kubo" owaqeda ukwethemba umphakathi, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini emincane.

Inkathi Yamalungelo Omphakathi Nemiphumela Yawo

I-1960 kanye no-1970 badalula iziphakamiso ezinkulu kumaphoyisa aseMelika. Unya lwamaphoyisa ngokumelene nababhikishi bamalungelo omphakathi, ababanjwa kuthelevishini, ukuvukelwa komphakathi. IKerner Commission (1968) ehlola izibhelu zasedolobheni zaveza izinhlanga ezihleliwe kanye namaphoyisa anobudlova njengezimbangela eziyinhloko. Okokuqala, umthetho wamaphoyisa wahlobanisa ukuxhaswa kwemali nezinguquko, kuhlanganise ne-Law Enforcement Application Administration.

Ushintsho lwenkinombho luhlanganiswe:

  • Ukwenziwa kwezibhodi zokubukeza ezivamile ukuze zihlole ukuziphatha okubi kwamaphoyisa.
  • Izimiso zemvume kahulumeni zidinga iminyango evumela ukufakwa kwemithetho neqoqo lokwaziswa.
  • Ukuqashwa kwezikhulu eziningi emiphakathini embalwa.
  • Izeluleko zamalungelo zabekwa ukuze zivikele abasolwayo lapho bephenywa.

Naphezu kwalezinguquko, izingxabano zaqhubeka zidlangile ngenxa yobhadane lwecrack cocaine ngawo-1980 nawo - 1990, lapho amasu anobudlova amaphoyisa andisa ukuboshwa ezindaweni ezimbalwa. Ukushaywa kweNkosi uRodney uRodney ngo-1991 ngamaphoyisa aseLos Angeles — futhi izibhelu ezalandela lapho izikhulu zikhululwa — zibonisa ukuthi igebe phakathi kwamaphoyisa nemiphakathi lalilikhulu kangakanani.

Imikhuba Yamanje: Imithetho Yomphakathi, Ubuchwepheshe, Nokusabela Okukhethekile Komphakathi

Imithetho Yomphakathi Njengefilosofi

Namuhla, ifilosofi evelele emkhosini womthetho waseMelika iwubupolishi obuyi-commony jouny joint . Lesi sibonelo sigcizelela ukubambisana, ukuguqula izinkinga, nokuhlela inhlangano. Abaphathi babelwa ezindaweni ezithile ezizungezile ezibhekene nezikhathi ezithé xaxa, ukuya emihlanganweni yomphakathi, ukusebenza namabhizinisi endawo, nokubambisana nezinkonzo zomphakathi. Umgomo ukuthatha indawo ngaphandle kokusabela nokusingatha izimo eziyisisekelo ezibangela ubugebengu.

Ukucwaninga ngemiphumela ehlukene. Ukuhlelwa kwe-meta-analysis yi-Campbell Coltanuation kwathola ukuthi amaphoyisa omphakathi athuthukisa ukwaneliseka kwezakhamuzi futhi anciphisa ukwesaba ubugebengu, kodwa ithonya lawo emazingeni angempela obugebengu liphansi. Impumelelo ixhomeke kakhulu ekuzibophezeleni ngobuqotho ekuholeni, ezindaweni ezanele, nasekubopheni okuqhubekayo — hhayi nje umhlangano owodwa wehholo lasedolobheni noma isitolo esiseceleni.

Izicathulo Zomzimba Nemininingwane Yokubona Ingaphandle

Alikho ithuluzi lobuchwepheshe eliye laguqula ukulandisa kwamaphoyisa ngokushesha kakhulu kumakhamera angaphandle . Ngemva kobubhikishongo buka-2014 e-Forguson, Missouri, uhulumeni wanikeza izimali zokusetshenziswa kwamakhamera emzimba. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi amakhamera anciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezehlakalo zesivinini cishe ngama-30% kanye nezakhamuzi ngokukhononda ngokwezingalo ezilinganayo. Nokho, aphakamisa nezikhalo zemfihlo zezisulu nezinganiso, futhi ukuphumelela kwawo kuxhomeke ezimisweni ezicacile ezilawula ukubhalwa kweminyayezo nezokungena.

Imininingwane manje ikhipha imvume yokwabiwa kweminyango eminingi. I-software ephikisayo isebenzisa ulwazi olungokomlando lobugebengu ukuze ibikezele lapho ubugebengu bungenzeka khona, ivumela abayaleli ukuba banikeze amaphoyisa ngokuqhubekayo. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi lendlela ingaqinisa imikhondo yokuboshwa eyingozi, ibangele izigijimi zokubuyisela iziphazamiso ezisuselwa ngokungenakulinganiswa. Izinhlangano zobugebengu ifunde kakhulu iprojectivess proviced project, iphawula ukuthi impumelelo yayo ixhomeke engeni engeni yokwaziswa kokwaziswa kanye nobubanzi bemithetho.

Impilo Yengqondo Nezinkinga

Izikhulu zamaphoyisa manje zisebenza njengezisebenzi zokuqala ezisizayo ezinkingeni zempilo yengqondo. Izimo zamaphoyisa ezilinganiselwa ku-10% zihilela umuntu onesifo esingathi sína. Ekuphenduleni, iminyango eminingi iye yamukela i-Clissis Internation Team (CIT) Iqeqesha, enikeza izikhulu ngezindlela zokwelapha zengqondo, ulwazi lwezinto zengqondo, namasu okuphambukisa abantu ukuba belashwe kunokuba bagqunywe ejele. IMemfessee, yaqala ukusungula i-CIT factor face ngo 1988, futhi kusukela ekusakazekeni izinhlangano ezingaphezulu kuka-700 esizwe. Ukucwaninga kubonisa ukuboshwa kwabantu ngezifo zengqondo nokuhlangana kokwelashwa. [FL:] Inhlangano ye-National Institute of Justicest [FFFF] i-CT] isakaza izinhlelo ze-CTSCT izinhlelo eziveza imiphumela eziveza ukusebenzelana kwezente namaphoyisa ezinamandla.

Amaqembu Asabela Ngokukhethekile

Namuhla iminyango yamaphoyisa inezindawo ezikhethekile: Amaqembu eSWAT agunyaza izintambo eziphezulu kanye nezimo zokuthunjwa, izilinganiso ze-inthanethi zokuphenya ngobuchwepheshe, nezikhulu zezemfundo ephezulu yasekolishi. Nakuba lamaqembu eletha ubuchwepheshe, aqala futhi izingozi. Ukulwa kwamaphoyisa — kuqhutshwa izinhlelo zikahulumeni ezisakaza imishini yokuthuthukisa izikhali eminyangweni yendawo — kubangele ukugxekwa kwezenzo ezibhebhebhethekayo. Ihlazo lika-1997 Rampart eLos Angeles nezenzakalo zamuva kakhulu ezihilela ukuhlasela kwamakheli eSWAT kuqokomisa isidingo sokubekwa kwezimiso ezicacile nokulandisa.

Ukukhuthazelela Izinselele: Ukwethembana, Ukulandisa Nemithombo Yengcebo

Naphezu kwentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe nokuqeqeshwa, ukugcinwa komthetho kubhekene nezinselele eziphikelelayo zokwakha:

  • Ukuthemba okungokomlando nokuqhubekayo: Ukubhebhethekisa ngoGallup noPew Research Center kubonisa njalo ukuthi ukuthembela emaphoyiseni kuyahluka kakhulu ngokohlanga nangeminyaka yobudala. AmaMelika amnyama cishe awakho neze ukwethemba aseMelika abamhlophe ukuveza ukuhluka komlando nokuqhubekayo emaphetheni, ukusesha, ukusebenzisa amandla, nokubopha. Ukwethemba kudinga imizamo eqinile, ekhanyayo, hhayi nje ukuveza izimpawu ezingokomfanekiso.
  • Ukukhokha izimali: Inqwaba yokudubula kwamaphoyisa ithethelelwa ngokubukeza kwangaphakathi. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekufuneni abashushisi abazimeleyo namabhodi abaphathi bezomthetho. Eminye iminyango iye yasungula izimiso zokuxwayisa zakudala ezithi izikhulu zefulege ezinezikhalo eziningi noma amazinga aphezulu amandla, ivumela ukungenela ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zikhule. Brennan Center yeJaji[ iphawula ukuthi ukulandisa okunelisa imibandela okunengqondo kudinga ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane eqinile, izimiso zemithetho ekhanyayo, nokuzimisela ukunikeza iziyalezo ezishaya umthetho ezibusayo.
  • Imithombo: Iminyango eminingi ilwa nokujoyina nokuzinza. Ukuqala amaholo eminyangweni emincane kungaba ngaphansi kuka-R3 000 ngonyaka, okwenza kube nzima ukuheha abazokwahlulela namakhono okuxhumana akhona akhona. Izingcindezi zokuhlela imali zinciphisa ukuqeqeshwa, ezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokusekela kwempilo yengqondo yezikhulu, kufaka isici esibangela ukutubeka nokweqa umhlalaphansi.
  • I-Legitacy kanye ne "Warrior" vs. "Guardian" Ingqondo: Indikimba ekhulayo yokucwaninga ihlukanisa phakathi kweminyango ehlakulela "i-arrior" ischeme (i-appliance comgadentist , ukusabela kobucukubhede, negunya) kanye no"gadarian" ukuhleleka kwengqondo (inkonzo, ukuxazulula, ukuhlanganisa, nokubambisana). Imithombo yokwamukela izimiso zokunakekela ibonela izikhalazo ezimbalwa futhi inciphe kancane kubantu, ngisho nokulawula amazinga obugebengu.

Indlela Engaphambili: Imininingwane, Izinguquko, Nokuqapha Ukuphepha

Uma sibheka phambili, izimo eziningana ziyomisa ukugcinwa komthetho phakathi neminyaka eyishumi ezayo:

  • Ukuphathana nge-Ethical Guard Meals: Izimo eziphuthumayo ziyoqhubeka zithatha izikhangiso zokusebenzisa imishini, kodwa zilindele imithetho enamandla kakhulu eqoqweni kokwaziswa, ubandlululo, kanye nesivikelo sobumfihlo. Amanye amadolobha aye adlulisa imithetho edinga izibalo ezizimele zemithetho-mithetho ye-pholication ebikezela ukuthi i-algorial.
  • Ukuqeqeshelwa ukudayiswa nemfundo: Isikole samaphoyisa ezindaba e-United States sicishe sibe ngamahora angama-600 — kungaphansi kakhulu kokuqeqeshelwa abagundi bezinwele noma izazi zendawo yonke. Abasekeli benguquko babiza izikole ezithatha isikhathi eside ezigcizelela kakhulu ukuhlaziywa, impilo yengqondo, amasiko okuncintisana, nomthetho wezomthetho-sisekelo. Inani elikhulayo lezinhlangano manje lifuna izikhulu ukuba zithole isigaba sobudlelwane noma isigaba senkonzo yangaphambili noma phakathi nonyaka.
  • Ukuhlobana Kwamacala Omphakathi: Amaphoyisa kuphela angakwazi ukuxazulula ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa, ukungabi namakhaya, ukugula ngengqondo, noma ubumpofu. Ngokuqhubekayo, iminyango iyizisebenzi ezisebenzayo zezenhlalakahle nabasebenza ngezifo zengqondo emaqenjini asabelayo, asebenzisana nezinhlangano zezindlu, futhi achezukisa amaphutha aphansi ekulungiseni izinhlelo zobulungisa. Lemidwebo izimisele ukunciphisa inqubo kanye nezisusa eziyinhloko zobugebengu.
  • Ukulawula nokuHlela Uhlelo: Amanye amadolobha anikeza izakhamuzi umfakela oqondile endleleni esetshenziswa ngayo amaphoyisa. Oakland, California, yakha iKhomishane yamaphoyisa enamandla angaphansi kwempophoma negunya lokumisa indlela yokuhlela. Lezizici ezakhayo zandisa ukukhanya futhi zenza imiphakathi ibe nezwi elinenjongo ngendlela esetshenziswa ngayo amaphoyisa.

Isiphetho

Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo komthetho akuphelele. Inkathi ngayinye yakhelwe ekuphumeleleni nasekuhlulekeni komongo womuntu ongaphambi kwayo — izimiso zikaPeel zokuvumelana nokuvimbela, ukugcizelela kukaVollmer ngesayensi nemfundo, imfuno yamalungelo ezakhamuzi, imfuno yemiphakathi yokuziphendulela, nokulwela ukubheka phambili, nokubambisana. Ukuqonda lomlando kusiza abafundisi nabafundi ukuba bafake izimpikiswano zendaba emongweni. Impikiswano ayikona ukuthi i-Profelton kufanele ishintshe yini, kodwa ukuthi ilawula kanjani leyo nguquko ngezimiso eziphumelelayo, ngokulunga, nangendlela ethenjwa abantu abakhonza ngayo. Ubufakazi busikisela ukuthi i-Probistryp isebenza kangcono uma ibhekwa njengabalindi, hhayi amaqhawe; lapho ukwaziswa kusetshenziswa ngokucace kahle ekuqondiseni; futhi lapho imiphakathi inamandla okulungisa ukuvikela nokulungisa. Inhlangano idinga ukusetshenziswa kwenqubo yesikhathi esizayo, futhi ifunda izibalo. — nesss.