I-Good Wearth Agreement, ngokusemthethweni i-Belfast Recomment, yasayinwa ngo-10 April 1998, okwasho isikhathi esipholile enqubweni yokuthula eNyakatho Ireland. Umgomo wayo kwakuwukuqeda iminyaka engamashumi amathathu yobudlova bamahlelo obaziwa ngokuthi "Izinkathazo" nokusungula uhulumeni owehlayo. Iminyaka engamashumi amabili namahlanu ephakathi, imibono yomphakathi ngempumelelo yesivumelwano ihlukile njengemiphakathi ngokwayo. Nakuba abaningi bencomela isivumelwano sokunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ubudlova nokwakha indawo yokuxoxa kwezombangazwe, abanye baphikisa ngokuthi iye yahluleka ukuxoxa ngemiphakathi ejulile nezomnotho noma ukuthuthukisa ukubuyisana okuqotho. Ukuqonda lemibono ehlukahlukeneyo kubalulekile ekuhloleni ifa lesivumelwano kanye neshadi lokuthula.

Imibono Yesizwe NeyaseRepublic

Kwabaningi emiphakathini yesizwe neyamariphabliki, i-Good Wear Agreensment yamelela intuthuko ebalulekile. Yavuma ukuthi i-Ireland ingubani abashisekeli besizwe, yalungiselelwa uMkhandlu weNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNkonzo, futhi yasungula izindlela zokuhlanganisa i-Ireland ekugcineni ngokuvumelana. Izibalo eziyinhloko eSinn Féin, njengoMartin McGuinness, zachaza lesivumelwano ngokuthi i-"ndawo edilivé'enziwa'i" eyanika amariphabliki amandla enqubweni yezombangazwe eyayiphikisene isikhathi eside. Ukwehla kwenani lokukhona kwempi neziboshwa zempi zaseBrithani kwabonwa njengenzuzo ephawulekayo.

Ukuqashelwa Nokuhlanganiswa

Isizwe sivame ukukhomba ekusungulweni kwe-Northern Ireland Assembly nemfuneko yokuvota okunqamule i-communism njengesivikelo esivimbela ukubuyela ekubuseni kwenhlangano eningi. Isimiso sokuvuma . Ukuma komthetho-mthetho wase-Northern Ireland kungashintsha ngokusekela okukhulu. [I-FLT:] ukugcizelela kwe-Ireland ebumbene. Amaqembu omphakathi ezindaweni ezigcwele ubuzwe obuphakathi, njengeNtshona Belfast neDerry, aye asebenzisa isivumelwano njengesisekelo sezokuthatha isinyathelo sokuthula, ngokuveza ukuncipha kwezehlakaniselwa kwezehlakalo njengenzuzo eqondile. [[FLT:] [iv] isivumelwano sokugcizelela ukuhlonishwa kwenhlonipho e-Ireland nenhlahloniphicomcomcolo emphakathi sasiza ukuhlanganiswa kolimi oluvamile olusemzingeni olusezingeni oluphakathini.[FLD:1], ngokusho okuthiwayo, into eyaye yathathwa phambi kuka-1998.

Ukunganeliseki Nokuqhubeka Kwenkululeko

Kodwa akubona bonke abashisekeli besizwe abanelisekile. Abanye abaphikisi berepublic baphikisa ngokuthi isivumelwano esigunyaziwe sagunyazwa futhi sehluleka ukunikeza izithembiso ze-Ireland enobunye. Bakhomba ekuqhubekeni kwemikhosi yokulondeka, ukuphikelela kwamahlelo, nokungathuthuki kwentuthuko ezindabani ezifana neBill of Rights for Northern Ireland. Kulokhu kuphikisana ukuthi izivumelwano zale mibuso, zasusa umgomo oyisisekelo wobunye base-Ireland ukuze kubekwe ukuthula kwesikhashana. Ngisho nezikhulu zesizwe ziveza ukukhungatheka kwezombangazwe, futhi iNgqungquthela yenguquko ezindaweni ezinjengeze-Prosavelse. Ukuhlola njalo kubonisa ukuthi nakuba iningi laba basekela umbangozwelo, abaningi banomuzwa wokuthi awuzange uphumelele ngokwanele ukufinyelela esixukwini sesivumelwano, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokuhlala, nasemisebenzini, nasemfundoni.

Imiqondo Yokubambisana Nokwethembeka

Imibono ye-sociation nge-Good Wear Advement mhlawumbe ihlukene kakhulu. Nakuba abanye ababambi bemishado bebheka isivumelwano njengesingcono kakhulu esinikezwa amaqiniso ezombangazwe awo 1990, abanye babheka lokhu njengokuvuselelwa kweriphabliki. Ukufakwa kweSinn Féin kuhulumeni ngaphandle kokukhishwa kwezikhali zeIRA kwakuphikisana kakhulu, futhi ukukhululwa kweziboshwa ezisebuthweni lezempi kwakuyisigubhu elibuhlungu emikhayeni eminingi ehlangene eyayilahlekelwe abathandekayo ngenxa yobuphekula.

Ukwamukela Ngokucophelela

Abaxhumanisi abaphakathi, ikakhulukazi eUlster Union Union Party (UUUP), ekuqaleni basekela isivumelwano njengendlela yokuvikela indawo yaseNyakatho Ireland phakathi kwe-United Kingdom. Isiqinisekiso se-Internast Ireland siqinisekisa ukuthi i-Ireland izohlala iyingxenye ye-UK ngaphandle kokuba iningi livote ukuba linikeze isivikelo somthetho-sisekelo. imiphakathi yama-Anconistic eyabhekana neNyakatho yeNyakatho neNyakatho ye-Ireland − njengaleyo esePortadown kanye nezingxenye zeMpuma Belfast [1] ngokuvamile iyavuma ukuthi isivumelwano sanciphisa ubudlova [, sivumela ukuba iphile ukuphila okuvamile. [indalo yeNyakatho ye-Nyakatho ye-Irlandarland I-Humossionertum ne-Efaces Com) yabonwa njengezinyathelo ezingcono zokuvikela zonke izakhamuzi.

Izinkinga Zempucuko Nezombangazwe

Nokho, abahlanganisi abaningi baveza ukungakhungatheki okujulile. I-Didemoc Union Union Party (Dupu) yamelana nesivumelwano kusukela ekuqaleni, iphikisa ngokuthi sawenza buthaka lobunye futhi sanika ama-rpabulikiya "ukudla etafuleni" ngaphandle kokuvumelana okwanele. Izivumelwano zokubambisana kweNyakatho-South nendima kahulumeni wase-Ireland eNorthern Ireland zibonwa ngabanye ababumbene njengabamanyene. Izinkinga ezisebenzayo zenzakala njengokuqhubeka kwempi, ukwehluleka ukuhlanganisa umphakathi ngokugcwele, nokungavumelani okuqhubekayo kwemijeko emfuleni nasemibusweni. [1]

Iphakathi Okuxubile, OkuyiCentris, Nokungahlali Kweziqiwi

Ngalé kokwehlukana okungokwesiko kwesizwe, abantu abaningi eNyakatho Ireland baveza ukuthi akukho. Ukwanda kwesigaba "esinye" emininingwaneni yokubalwa kwabantu ("manje kucishe kube ngu 17% yabantu) kuveza inani elandayo lezakhamuzi ezingavumelani nezindawo eziyinhloko. Kulaba bantu, i-Good Wear Revince Ad ivame ukubhekwa njengezezindaba zomthetho-sisekelo kodwa ngemiphumela yayo esobala ekuphileni kwansuku zonke: ukuphepha, inzuzo yezomnotho, nezinkonzo zomphakathi.

Ukusekela Kwezigebengu

Abahlali be-Centrist nezakhamuzi zasezindaweni ezixubile, njengalezo ezingxenyeni zeNorth Belfast noma emadolobheni aphakathi kakhulu, bathambekele ekubhekeni isivumelwano ngendlela efanayo. Bakwazisa ukuncishiswa kokuhlasela kwebutho lempi nokubekwa kwezimiso ezivamile zokhuseleko. Izinhlangano ze-Cros-community, njengaleyo ye-Intetrad Education Fund ne-Corrymeela Community, ziye zasebenzisa uhlelo lwesivumelwano ekuthuthukiseni ukubuyisana nokuhlanganyela izithuba. Ukumiswa kwe-Community Relation Councial Council kanye nokusekela izakhiwo zokwakha ukuthula kuye kwanika amaqembu amancane amagxathu enqubo. [[FLT:] Kulaba bantu], isivumelwano asisona isakhiwo esiphelele kodwa asisona isisekelo esisebenzayo esiphakathi.[FFF:1]

Amacebo avela Maphakathi

Kodwa ngisho nabaxhasi bekhulu leminyaka banezinto ezigxekwayo. Ukusekela kwe-consociation ye-Assembly .Kugunyaza ukusekela kweningi okuvela kokubili emaqenjini ahlangeneyo nawamazwe esizwe − kuhlanganisa ukuhlukana kwamahlelo kunokuba kudlulele kuwo. Abanye baphikisa ukuthi isivumelwano samisa i-"miphakathi emibili" isibonelo, sishiya igumbi elincane kulabo abenqaba amapakethisi. Ukungavumelani kwezomnotho, izinkonzo ezingezinhle zomphakathi, nezinsweli zezombangazwe zeminyaka yamuva kuye kwaholela ekudumazekeni. Ukuwa kwengqungquthela kweSivumelwano, okwaqhutshwa yi-Dupuce neSin Féin's ngokuphikisana kwe-Irish Language Act, kwagcizelela umbono wokuthi izinhlangano zesivumelwano zinshwabalele futhi zithambekele ekuthatheleni.

Ukuhluka Kwezomnotho Nezenhlalo

Isici esibaluleke kakhulu kodwa esivame ukunganakwa seSivumelwano saseGood Wesihlanu yithonya laso elingokomnotho nezenhlalo. Impumelelo yalesivumelwano ivame ukulinganiswa ngokuthula nangokuzinza kwezombangazwe, kodwa emiphakathini eminingi, uvivinyo lwangempela luwukuthi ingabe iye yathuthukisa izinga layo lokuphila.

Ukuhlukana Ngokuthula: Ukutshala Imali Nomsebenzi

Isiphelo seNhlupho saletha ukutshala inzuzo enkulu. Izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe, ikakhulukazi kwezobuchwepheshe nasezinkonzweni zezezimali, zasungula imisebenzi eBelfast nase Derry. Izinhlelo ze-European Union of Peace zangenisa amakhulu ezigidi zama-euro emikhankasweni enqamulene, izisekelo zezemisebenzi, izakhiwo zezemisebenzi, nezokungena komphakathi. I-Tourism, eyake yangabikho ezindaweni ezilwayo, yaba imboni enkulu. Ezindaweni ezisebenzayo zakhandlekile umsebenzi nendlala, amathuba omsebenzi anwebeka, nakuba kungenjalo.

Ukuphikelela Kokulingana

Nokho, izinzuzo zezomnotho ziye zasakazwa ngokungalingani. Izindawo zesizwe, naphezu kwentuthuko ethile, zisavame ukulahlekelwa yimisebenzi ephakeme nenzuzo ephansi kunezindawo ezihlangene. Izinhlangano zobuqotho ziye zabona ukuncipha okulinganiselwe, nokuncishiswa kwezindawo ezisebenza kakhulu zomphakathi zamaProthestani. Ifa lempi `ingxabano , ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, nempilo ebuthakathaka, kanye nezindawo ezihlukene zezezindlini, ziyaqhubeka zizama ukuqhuba izinhlangano zomphakathi. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi isivumelwano sigxile ekwakheni okunezelelwe kakhulu kwezezombangazwe. Njengoba esinye isisebenzi somphakathi eMpuma yeBelfast Belfast sikubeka: "Ukuthula kungcono kunokungabikho kwempi; kulungile ukuvela kobulungisa.[FLT:]

Isinqamulo sohlu kanye Nemiqondo Yezizwe Zonke

I-Good Wearth Active ayiyona indaba yangaphakathi e-Northern Ireland kuphela; inemiphumela enzima ebuhlotsheni phakathi kwe-United Kingdom ne-Ireland, kanye nase-Europe ebanzi. Ukwakhiwa kwe-North-Southal Service Council ne-oval-firence kukhuthaza ukubambisana okusebenzayo ezindaweni ezinjengezempilo, ezolimo, nezokuthutha. Emiphakathini emngceleni, isivumelwano senza ukuphila kwansuku zonke kube lula, abantu bangahamba, basebenze, futhi bangenele izinkonzo ngaphandle kokuwela umngcele owempi. Umnotho wezwe ukhule, ngezohwebo nezokuvakasha ngokukhululekile.

Uhlelo Lwe - Breitit

Ngokuhlekisayo, impumelelo yesivumelwano yabekelwa inselele ukuphuma kweUnited Kingdom e-European Union. I-Northern Ireland Protocol, ingxenye ye-Bretit , yakha umngcele omusha wezohwebo oLwandle lwase-Ireland, yathukuthelisa abaningi ababebona ukuthi yenza isibopho silula. Umbuso wesizwe wawusekela umthetho njengovikela yonke i-island kanye nokuthembeka kwenqubo yokuthula. Umthetho waveza izintambo zecala phakathi kwesivumelwano: ukulingana phakathi kwesibopho sobunye ne-National Indialbacle yaqala ukuncitshiswa ngezindlela ezintsha. Izimo zomphakathi ngokuvamile zihlukene kakhulu, ngokuphikisana ngokuthi kokubili isivumelwano nemithetho elandelwayo kudinga ukuhlanganiswa futhi ukuvumelana.

Ukusekelwa Nefa Lomhlaba Wonke

Isivumelwano siye sadunyiswa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke njengesibonelo sesinqumo sengxabano. OwayenguMphathi we-U.S. uGeorge Mitchell osebenza njengosihlalo wengxoxo ngokuvamile uvezwa njengesici esiyinhloko sempumelelo yayo. Ukusekela okuqinile kwezezimali nezombangazwe kwe-European Union kwanikeza isimiso esiqinile. Emiphakathini ezindaweni zezimpi − kusukela eBasque County ukuya e-South Africa. I-Good Wear Act inikeza izifundo ezisekulawuleni nasekubuyisaneni. Nokho, abagxeki baxwayiseni ukuthunyelwa kwesibonelo ngaphandle kokulandisa ngomlando namasiko ayingqayizivele eNorthern Ireland.

Izinselele Zokuphumelela Kwesivumelwano

Naphezu kwempumelelo yayo eminingi, i-Good Wear Agreement ibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu ezithinta imibala yomphakathi. Ukungahleleki kwezombangazwe kulokhu kuyinkinga engapheli. ISivumelwano siye samiswa kahlanu kusukela ngo-1998, muva nje phakathi kuka-2022 nasekuqaleni kuka-2024 ngenxa yokuphikisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Province. Le mvume yemithetho ivimbela ukunikezelwa kwezinkonzo zomphakathi futhi iqeda ukwethenjwa komphakathi ezikhungweni ezasungulwa isivumelwano.

Ifa Lobudlova Nokucwasana

Izithiyo zokuthula − ezihlukanisa amaProthestani namaKatolika − zikhona, futhi ezintsha ziye zakhiwa kwezinye izindawo. Amaqembu alwayo, nakuba enciphile, awazange anyamalale; ayaqhubeka esebenza emiphakathini esebenzayo, ehileleke emithini, ephambanisa, nakuhlasela ngezikhathi ezithile. Ifa leNkingo liseyimpikiswano enkulu. Ilungiselelo lesivumelwano seqembu "izifundo zobuqaba" lokuphenya ngokungeniswa kwecala liye lathatha kancane ukuveza imiphumela, futhi impikiswano ye-Reference yempi yangaphambili ayikalungiswa. Imikhaya eminingi yezisulu, isivumelwano sehluleka ukuletha ubulungisa, sishiya izilonda ezivimbela ukubuyisana okugcwele.

Ukushintsha Kwendlela Yokubhala Nempucuko

Ukushintsha kwenani labantu eNyakatho Ireland − kanye nokwanda kwenani labantu abangamaKatolika nenani lamaProthestani lincipha . Liyawa futhi ibala lezombangazwe. Lokhu kuthambekela kokuzalana kwabantu kuvame ukuphawulwa abashisekeli besizwe njengobufakazi bokuthi i-Ireland ebumbene ayinakugwenywa, okuthi yona yandisa ukukhathazeka kobunyunyana. Indlela yokuhlola umngcele (ukususa umanyano lwe-protestainment) iwumbuzo ophilayo wezombangazwe. Abanye abameleli bomphakathi bakhathazeke ngokuthi i-conociationation externet ayikwazi ukusinda ekushintsheni komthetho. Abanye, ikakhulukazi phakathi "olunye uhlelo, babiza uhlobo oluthambileyo, olungewona olungolwesigaba seqembu elibusayo manje ngaphandle kwesivumelwano sesivumelwano sika-1998.

Isiphetho Nombono Wesikhathi Esizayo

Imibono yomphakathi ngokuphumelela kwe-Good Wear Agreement ichazwa kakhulu futhi ivame ukuphikisana. Kwabaningi, isalokhu iyimpumelelo eyigugu eyaqeda ubudlova obukhulu futhi yanika i-Northern Ireland izwi elibuningi. Kwabanye, kuwukuthula okungaphelele okungalethi ukulingana kweqiniso noma ukubuyisana. Amandla alesi sivumelwano asekelwe ekuzivumelani kwawo: adala izinhlangano ezingavela, nakuba leyo ndale ibibuhlungu futhi ihamba kancane.

Njengoba i-Northern Ireland isondela eshumini lesithathu lesivumelwano, inselele eyinhloko ukwakha umphakathi ohlangene odlula ukucabanga okungokonyaka odlule. Lokhu kuyodinga ukusingatha ukuhlukana kwezomnotho, ukusekela imfundo ehlangene nezindlu, nokuthuthukisa ingxoxo ehlanganisa yonke imiphakathi − kuhlanganise nalabo abazizwa beshiywe. I-Good Wear Agreement ayisona isiphetho esiphelele kodwa isisekelo somsebenzi oqhubekayo. Ukuthi iyohlala iphumelela kuxhomeke ekuzimiseleni kwabaholi bezombangazwe namaqembu omphakathi ukuvuselela, ukuvumelana, nokuvumelana futhi ivumelanisa izimiso zayo eziyisisekelo zobuhlobo, ukuvumelana, inhlonipho.

Ukuze ufunde ngokwengeziwe, bheka i [[FLT: 0] Encyclopedia Britannica ekungeneni e-Isivumelwano esihle saNhlanu; ukuhlaziya okuningiliziwe kwezemfundo iMitapo yezombangazwe[; imibiko evela ku-[FLT:] Commonity Relations ; BB] ukubuye ubeke phambili kwesivumelwano sezinsuku za 25 ; nesikhulu se-irreverse-intername yesivumelwano [FLT:].[FLT]