ICanberra, idolobha elihlelwe ngokucophelela kusukela ekusungulweni kwalo ngo-1913, lisebenza ngaphansi kwesakhiwo esiyingqayizivele sezentengiselwano nezombangazwe. Njengoba isihlalo sikahulumeni we-Australia, i-Australian Capital Territory (ACT) incike kakhulu ekuthunyelweni kwezimali ezihlangene neCommonwealth ukuze yakhiwe, ilondolozwe, futhi ithuthukiswe izakhiwo zayo. Lobu buhlobo budlulela ngalé kwemali; buhlela isimo sokwakheka kwedolobha, bunquma yonke into kusukela ekuphakameni kwezakhiwo eziseduze nechibi kuya esivinini lapho amafulenezi amasha angahlangana khona nenkaba yedolobha.

Inxanxathela yemigwaqo, izintambo zesitimela ezilula, amapayipi amanzi, kanye nezintambo zemishini ezichaza iCanberra yanamuhla iwumphumela oqondile wezimvilophu zemali zikahulumeni, izivumelwano zobungane nohlobo oluthile lwezinjongo. Ukuhlaziya leli thonya kunikeza iklayesi eliphambili ebudlelwaneni bohulumeni futhi kwembule izinto ezizoza kuqala ezizochaza isizukulwane esilandelayo. Ngaphandle kokutshala izimali zikahulumeni, imisebenzi enjenge-Canberra Metro kanye nokuvuseliswa kwe-Center yedolobha kungahlala kunezici eziphambili zokwakha kunezinto ezingokoqobo.

Izisekelo Zokusekela Imali Ewumphakathi

Ngokungafani ne-Australian, ubuhlobo be-Actal ne-Commonwealth bugxile kakhulu. Uhulumeni kahulumeni uyaqhubeka enegunya elikhulu ezindabeni ze-ocements nezezimali zendawo. Imoto eyinhloko yezezimali zezezimali zezesisekelo ihamba nge-i-injini ye- ye-Intergovertical Accounting on Federal Financial Relations[, ehlanganisa i-National Partrity Actives (NPAs) ne-PS.

Isisekelo sezakhiwo ezinkulu, i- i-National Capital Guivision (NCA) inendima ebalulekile. Njengoba indikimba kahulumeni ephethe inhliziyo yenhloko - dolobha engokomfanekiso nengokwesiko, i-NCA ilawula uhlelo nentuthuko ezweni elimisiwe. Lokhu kusho noma isiphi isakhiwo sezesisekelo esithinta iChibi iBurley Griffin, i-Palamentery Triangray, noma amaphasishi amakhulu adinga ukuvunyelwa okuphindwe kabili yi-NCA kanye noHulumente. Le ndawo emba iqinisekisa ukubekwa kombuso kazwe njengokulondoloza ubukhulu benhloko nhloko nhloko zwe.

Imisebenzi Emikhulu Yokuklama Nethonya Lesizwe

Indawo engokoqobo yeCanberra ilandisa indaba yesimiso sikahulumeni. Kusukela ekwakhiweni kwe-Tugganon Parkway e-1990 kuya ekunwetshweni kwamanje kwesimiso somzila wesitimela esilula, isignesha yezimali yeCommonwealth icacile.

Ukuguqula Isixuku Sasedolobheni: Ukukhanya KwaseCanberra

Iprojekthi iCanberra Light Rail iwucwaningo oluqinisekile lwezenhlala-khona. Isiteji 1, esihlanganisa iGungaslin neDolobha, sabhekana nezithiyo eziningi ezingokwezimali. Ekuqaleni salahlwa uhulumeni we-Coalition ngo-2013, leli projekthi lagcina lithole umjovo oyizigidi ezingu-85 [R1] njengengxenye yesakhiwo semfundo ebanzi. Ingqikithi yeStage 1 yayicishe ibe ngu-R7000, ebonisa indlela umnikelo omncane kahulumeni osebenza ngayo njenge-R3777,5, ngokwenani elilinganiselwe, njenge-R1 yeprojekthi yokuguqula indawo yendawo.

Ubunkimbinkimbi buyanda ngeSitege 2. Stage 2A (idolobha ukuya eCommonwealth Park) neStage 2B eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu (iTheki lase-Omen ukuya eWoden idlula eCommonwealth Avenue Bridge) isebenza ngokuqondile nezwe elilawulwa yi-omgade. Igunya le-Actal Transport [ limele liqondise ithonya eliqinile lendawo ezungezile kanye nefa lefa elivela kuyi-NCA. Impumelelo ye-odoucerdard ayiyona nje iprojectal; i-mendementation ngokuqondene nokusetshenziswa kwendawo yezwe. Impumelelo yeStage 2. Impumelelo yeSime siyo siyo se-ovethi yombuso yokuzimisela ukuxhasa umsebenzi owembusa kakhulu we-boulev.

Ukuvuselela Idolobha Nezindawo Zomphakathi

Ukuxhasa ngemali kuye kwaba yithuluzi ekunqanyuleni "idolobha eliphethe i-"gost" umphumela owahlupha i-Civic ngemva kwamahora ebhizinisi. iDorome Reneuay Authority (CRA) yamiswa ngesiqondiso esithile sikahulumeni sokuqhuba amadolobha egcwalisa futhi athuthukise izikhala zomphakathi.

  • Ukukhulisa i-Fource of London Frigion: Lomsebenzi oyizigidi ezingu-R250 + umsebenzi, oxhaswe yizibonelo zikahulumeni nezendawo, uhlanganisa ukuphakamisa ingxenye engu-200 yemitha yomgwaqo ngamamitha ayisikhombisa ukusungula imigwaqo eyisicaba, efinyelelekayo phezu kwe-Parkes Way. Lomsebenzi wobunjiniyela uhlanganisa i-CBICBUP ngqo ne-jap, uveza ukuthuthuka. Umnikelo kahulumeni waqaphela lokhu njengelungu elibucayi esifundeni sebhizinisi elikhulu lezwe.
  • Haig Park Revitation: Yake yaba nendawo embi kakhulu "no-go", iHaig Park ishintshelwa ezinkundleni eziningi ze-ocent indawo yomphakathi. I-Federal yokuhlaza nokulungisa indawo isekele izinkundla ezintsha, izindlela, nezindawo zezenzakalo, iguqula umngcele ube yisixhumanisi phakathi kwe Braddon neDolobha.
  • Acton Waterfost Project: Lomsebenzi ophambili uhloselwe ukuhlanganisa i-partum yamanzi e-Canberra. Nakuba ngokuyinhloko umsebenzi owenziwe nge-overeding, ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo nelungiselelo lezakhiwo ezidingekayo ukususwa kwezimpawu zikahulumeni kuyi-National Capital Plan. Umbono uhlanganisa amabhodi, ama-cafe, nemibhoshongo yokuhlala, ukwakha indawo ebanzi ephakathi kwamanzi elingana ne-Sydney noma iMelbourne.

Izinkonzo Zanamuhla Ezibalulekile Nemisebenzi

Umgogodla wokuphumelela kukaCanberra uxhomeke emanzini, kumandla, nasezisekelweni zezakhiwo ezingokwemishini.

  • I-Icon Ater ne-Monglo esezantsi: I-"Indlela yokulungisa i-"I"I"Indlela yokulawula i-Molonglo" iqala ukusebenza kakhulu ekunyuseni i-Lower Monglo Water Seaty Center. Lokhu kuhlikihla, kusekelwe yizesisekelo sezezimali ze-oralshopu, kuqinisekisa ukuthi isimiso soMfula i-Murrumbidgegee sihlala sinempilo kuyilapho sisakhalisa inani labantu abandayo. Izimali zendawo ezungezile yedolobha nazo zisekele ukwakhiwa komklamo wamanzi ohadla idoba (WSIDenman Lispecter noWlam) emadolopen.
  • Inguquko evuselelwe yamandla: UHulumeni we-Act ufeze inhloso kagesi evuselelwayo ekhuluxwe ngo-202020, ikakhulukazi ngezandi ezibuya emuva nangezivumelwano zokuthenga amandla. Nakuba lena kwakuyinkambiso yendawo, yagunyazwa ngezitifiketi zamandla ezivuselelwayo ze-Australian Renective Energy Energy Agency (ADENA). Impumelelo yeproject yeBig Canberra Battery izoxhomeka futhi kuhulumeni ngaphansi kweSiteshishi se-National Bettery.
  • Ukuhlangana kwe-digital: Canberra yayiyindlalifa yokuqala yeNational Broadband Network (NBN) eqedwe ngensinga-yomsinga-ukuya-ukuya-engaphambili-kuya-eceleni. Lesisekelo sohlelo lwezinombolo, esixhaswe ngokwemithetho, siye samisa i-Canberra njengesikhungo sesiqalo sobuchwepheshe nokuthunyelwa kwenkonzo kahulumeni, sivumela idolobha ukuba lijikelezele emongweni yolwazi olusekelwe kuhulumeni.

Ukwakha Izakhiwo Zomphakathi: Impilo Nemfundo

Ngokuvamile isisekelo somphakathi siyisici esibucayi kakhulu kwezombangazwe sokusekela imali kahulumeni, njengoba sithinta ngokuqondile ukuphila kwansuku zonke kwezakhamuzi.

Isakhiwo ekwakheni iHealbier Canberra simelela ukutshala kwezempilo okukhulu kakhulu emlandweni wensimu, nenani elingaphezu kwamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-200. Uhulumeni wafaka amakhulu ezigidi ekwandisweni kweSibhedlela saseCanberra, kuhlanganise nesakhiwo esisha esibucayi, isakhiwo esisha esiphuthumayo, umnyango wesimo esiphuthumayo, nokusebenza kakhulu. Lo mnyango wawuxhomeke ekusebenziseni i-Atlanti yemali ehlangene nezindinganiso ezisekelwe ekusekeleni umsebenzi okhethekile ezisekelwe emalini nasemgangathweni.

Emfundoni, iYunivesithi yaseCanberra (UC) ithole ukucwaninga okuwusizo kuhulumeni inikeza imvume yokwakha izakhiwo zezwe ezihlokomayo ze-STEM. Isibhedlela sezempilo esingu-UC kanye nemitholampilo ehlobene nayo, ehlanganiswe neCommonwealth, inikeza abafundi ukuqeqeshwa okusebenzayo kuyilapho inciphisa ukucindezela kwesimiso somphakathi sempilo. Ngokufanayo, izakhiwo zesikole zomphakathi eGungapilin naseMolonglo Valley zixhomeke kuGuatl Forcement Program yezegist yombuso ongeyo hulumeni ne-Reacementactiveal Fund yezeHmentations Fund yezindawo zomphakathi ezintsha.

Ithonya Lezomnotho Kubantu BaseCanberra

Umjovo wezigidi zezigidi zamaRandi ekuxhaseni kukahulumeni awuyona nje indaba kakhonkolo nensimbi; ngokuyisisekelo uguqula isisekelo sezenhlalo nezomnotho sedolobha.

Ukuthuthuka Kwezomnotho Nendalo Yomsebenzi

Izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwemali zisebenza njengenani elikhulu elinamandla kwezomnotho. Isigaba sokwakha i-Light Rail Stage 1 senziwa imisebenzi eqondile nengaqondile engu-3 500 . Lesidingo sezisebenzi sikhanga izisebenzi ezivela ezindaweni ezikude, sithuthukisa umoya wokungenisa izihambi nezindawo zokulala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemfundo yezemfundo yezemfundo yezemfundo yezemvelo `injini, ukubuza ngezindawo ezizungezile, ukusabela ngokuqondile ekutholeni umsebenzi wezakhiwo zikahulumeni.

Lokhu kwakha ukuncika okuyingozi. Lapho uhulumeni kahulumeni ungena eqenjini eliyingozi ngo-2014, ukuhlukanisa imisebenzi yomphakathi nezindleko zezemisebenzi, i-Actal efinyelelwe kakhulu. Isifundo esafundwayo sacaca: iCanberra kumelwe ifune ukutshala imali kahulumeni ukuze yakhe umnotho ohlukene, oqinile. Imisebenzi enjenge- i-Malona Vale Road[ ukwenziwa kwe-evolution (imigwaqo kazwelonke yemisebenzi ebalulekile) ibonisa indlela i-ACPP engaphikisana ngayo ngokuhlanganisa inzuzo yezentengiselwano yezentengo yezwe.

Isayensi Yokubhala Nokuhlola Iminyaka Yasedolobheni

Imali exhaswayo yokuthola indawo ikhululwa nge-Subrurban Land Agency inquma ukuthi abantu bahlalaphi. Isinqumo sokuxhasa imigwaqo ehamba ngemichamo yendle yemfucumfucu iMallonglo Valley [ yavula iphasishi elisha elikhulu lokuthuthukisa, isusa imikhaya emaphethelweni akhiwe enyakatho naseningizimu. Ngokufanayo, ukuqedwa kwe Gengalin Undering Extension [[ (iprojekthi exhaswa yizwe) i-Gallin, iyenza isheshisa ukukhula kwedolobhana elikhulu.

Lokhu kuhlela inani labantu baseCanberra. Imikhaya esencane ifakwa emaphethelweni, kuyilapho ukutshala ukuvuselelwa kwemibhoshongo yangaphakathi (i-Cbivic, i-Braddon, i-Kistton) kukhanga abantu abangenalutho kanye nochwepheshe. Ukutholakala kwezimali zikahulumeni zesitimela esingaphakathi kuqinisa lokhu kubekwa kwedolobha, kwakha isakhiwo esinemigqa.

Ukulingana Nokutholakala Komphakathi

Ukwenziwa kwemali esemthethweni kungahlanganisa ibhuloho noma ukwahlukana kwezenhlalo. Imali exhasa i-[Frederal:0] i-Bus Network engabonakali, efakwa eziteshini zezitimela ezilula, ngokusho ukuthi inikeza ukuzwana kwemikhaya ethola imali ephansi ezindaweni ezingaphandle. Nokho, igebe phakathi kwezinga lezithuthi zomphakathi enyakatho (isibani) naseningizimu (amabhuleki) liyimpikiswano eqhubekayo yezombangazwe.

Izindinganiso zokufinyelela ezigunyazwe uhulumeni uDisability Divation Dict uphoqelele ukunyuselwa ezinkulungwaneni zezitishi zamabhasi nezinqamula abantu eCanberra. Nakuba lendlela ebizayo, yokuklama yomphakathi jikelele iqinisekisa ukuthi izikhala zomphakathi zingasetshenziswa ngabazali abanezintambo, izakhamuzi esezikhulile, nabantu abakhubazekile. Ukuxhasa kwezezimali kwamanani kungcono ekubekeni izakhiwo ezindala ukuze kuhlangabezane nalezindinganiso.

Ukubhekana Nezinselele Nokucabangela

Ukuncika ekuxhaseni imali kukahulumeni kubangela ukungezwani okukhulu.

Amalungelo Esifunda Nokwethembela Kwezombangazwe

Inselele enkulu kakhulu ukuntuleka kwamalungelo ezindawo ezigcwele. Uhulumeni ulondoloza amandla omthetho-sisekelo okudlula noma yimuphi umthetho wezentengiselwano, kuhlanganise nalawo ahlobene nohlelo nesisekelo. Lokhu kwaboniswa lapho uhulumeni kahulumeni ungenela enqubweni yokugunyaza elula i-Stage 2, ifuna ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kwendawo ezungezile kanye nokubukezwa kwefa.

Izindaba zezombangazwe. Uma ohulumeni bezwe nezindawo benezinkolo ezihlukene zezombangazwe, ukuvunywa kwemisebenzi kunganwebeka eminyakeni. Ukuxhaswa kwemisebenzi emikhulu ngokuvamile kuba yi-projekthi yokuthengiselana ezingxoxweni ezinkulu zezombangazwe. UHulumeni we-ACT kumelwe ahlale enxusa abefundisi bahulumeni namabhulawu, i-aspertam ebangela ukungaqiniseki nokungabekezeli ezimisweni zenhloko- dolobha.

Izindleko Zokubaleka Nezokuzitika Ngemali

Imisebenzi emikhulu yezesisekelo iyaziwa njengenzima ukuhlela imali. Isibhedlela saseCamberra esandisiwe sabhekana nokubukezwa kwezindlela eziningi zokuhlela imali njengezindleko zokwakha nokuphazamisana kwezikhathi ezibekwe ngezindlela ezihambelanayo. Ngokufanayo, ukunyuka kwe-London Frienters kwadinga izimali zokuhlela ngokungalindelekile ukuthutha izinto eziwusizo ezingaphansi komhlaba.

Uhulumeni Iminyaka yezentengiselwano neFiscal Outlook (MEFO) ungachitha izivumelwano ezixhasa imali uma isimo semali yesizwe siwohloka. Lokhu kunamathela kusho ukuthi intengo kumelwe ithathe izindleko zokuzibamba ngokwayo noma iprojekthi ezibambekayo, eziholela "ekwesatshwayo" emibhobho yezemfantu engasoze yaphumelela.

Ukuzinziswa Kwendawo Ezungezile Kuyaphikisana Nokwanda

I-ACT ifake izisulu zokuncishiswa kwegesi eshisayo ebangelwa ukushisa okunesifiso. Nokho, ukwakha izakhiwo zesisekelo esiqinile (amabhuloho, imigwaqo) kuveza ikharbon enkulu. Izimali ezihambisana nenani lemali zivame ukuvela nezimfuneko zokubeka izinto eziza kuqala "izinto ezisuswe ngokukade" ngemisebenzi ebekelwe indawo engcono kodwa ethatha isikhathi eside.

Ukuphepha kwamanzi kungokunye ukulwa. Ukwakhiwa kwedamu lesibili (Idamu lamaKhonsasi) nokuhlelwa kwamanje kwesikhungo sokulambisa amanzi kuyizindleko ezinkulu. I-Act incike ezivumelwaneni zikahulumeni zamanzi ukuze kuqondiswe i-Murray-Darling Basin, futhi noma iziphi izinguquko kulezi zivumelwano zingakuthinta ngokuqondile ukutholakala kwezindawo ezintsha zokuhlala. Ukulinganisela isifiso se "Dolobha laseGarden" ngokudingeka kwezakhiwo eziminyene zasedolobheni kuyimpi engapheli esekelwe emalungiselelweni kahulumeni abucayi.

Ikusasa Lokusekela Imali Endizeni ECanberra

Ukubheka phambili, cishe ubuhlobo bungasuka ekunikezeni ubudlelwane obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Down Plan 2070 icabanga idolobha elihlangene kakhulu, eliluhlaza okotshani. Ukuze kufinyelelwe lokhu, amasampula angokwesiko adinga ukuvumelana.

Ukushintsha Ukusekela Imishini

Ukuthatha inzuzo kuyavela njengethuluzi eliyisihluthulelo. Umkhankaso wesitimela esilula wandisa izinga lendawo ephaseshini ngokuphawulekayo. UHulumeni we-ACT uhlola izindlela zokuthatha lokhu kukhushulelwa ukuze kuxhaswe iziteshi zesikhathi esizayo, ukunciphisa ukuncika ezinkokhelweni eziqondile zikahulumeni. Nokho, lokhu kudinga ukumiswa kwemithetho eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nentengiso yempahla eqinile.

I-Intro:0] Infrablicture Australia (IA) manje idinga yonke imisebenzi efunwa ama-irambu elingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-R250 (R1 000) ukuze ithole ukuhlaziywa okuqinile kwemali efakiweyo. Lesithiyo se-bureaucractic sicindezela i-AP ukuze kukhiqizwe amagalelo aphezulu ebhizinisi, kodwa futhi kusho futhi ukuthi iproject ngembuyiselo ephezulu yezenhlalo (kodwa inzuzo ephansi) ingaba nzima ukuthola imvume kahulumeni.

Izinto Eziza Kuqala Ezibalulekile Emashumini Eminyaka Alandelayo

  • I-Western Canberra Transport Corridar: Icebo lesikhathi eside lokuhlanganisa iBelconnen, i-Weston Creek, ne-Molonglo. Lokhu kuzodinga ukusekela kukahulumeni kwemigwaqo emisha kanye nokunwetshwa kwejazi elilula.
  • City to Lake Accorativation: Ngokugcwele ukuxhasa ukuphakanyiswa kweNqaba yaseLondon ne-Acton Waterstry ichaza incazelo yedolobha likaCanberra amashumi eminyaka. Lowumsebenzi ohlanganyelwe kahulumeni wefa.
  • [ Ukubuyisela okubambeneyo: isakhiwo samanzi esiphephu esiphatha amabhomu ajiyile" (izenzakalo ezinkulu) nokuqinisekisa ukulondeka kwamanzi (ukusetshenziswa futhi) kudinga izimali ezinkulu zikahulumeni nezimali.
  • Ukubekwa kwe-Defence ne-Cyber Infrature: Ukwakhiwa komyalo [[FLT:] we-Australian Umyalo we-Cytber eCanberra kanye nokwanda kobukho be-Australian Defence Force Force Force idinga ukusekela isisekelo sezemisebenzi yezembutho (izindawo zomphakathi, izinto zokuthutha, izinto ezisemgangathweni). Uhulumeni wamazwe uqaphela ukuthi kumelwe ufake imali endwangwini yendawo ukuze usekele imigomo yawo yenokulondeka.

Isiphetho

Ubufakazi bucacile: izinga lokuphila, umkhiqizo wezomnotho, kanye nokulondolozwa kwendawo ezungezile yeCanberra kuhlangene ngokwenzuzo nempilo yobuhlobo bezimali obukhona kuhulumeni. Ukuxhasa kwezimali ze-Federal kuye kwaba yisici esiyinhloko sokuguqulwa kwedolobha eliphethe ngokuthula libe inhlokodolobha yanamuhla, enamandla. Imisebenzi enjengelabhuli elikhanyisayo, ukukhuphuka kwe-London Treartry, nokwanda kweSibhedlela saseCanberra ngaphandle kokusekela okuhlangene.

Nokho, ikusasa lidinga ukuhlangana okuvuthiwe. Ukuncika kuphela emijikelezweni yokuhlela imali kanye nezipho ezishukunyiswa kwezombangazwe akusebenzi. I-ACT nohulumeni kahulumeni kumelwe baqhubeke beya entweni ehlangeneyo, izakhiwo zemisebenzi emide ehlelayo [ ezinikeza ukuqiniseka okungokwezimali. Ngokuhlela izinhlelo zokukhula kwedolobha ngenzuzo yesizwe, ukuchuma, ukuqina kwesimo sezulu, kanye nekhono lokulawula inzuzo, kungayigcina isakhiwo sokutshala izimali esidinga ukugcinwa lilo lonke idolobha. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwalenhloko - dolobha kuyaqhubeka kuyiprojekthi ehlangene, edinga ukuhlangana, ukuvaleka, nokuthanda ukutshala izisekelo ze-ibhulomu ye-21.