Umphumela Wokuphazamiseka Kwezinto Ezitholakala Embulungeni Yonke Ezokuhwebelana Kwezigelekeqe Zase - Ireland

Amaketanga okunikeza embulunga yonke aye ancishiswa kakhulu kusukela ngo-2020, futhi umnotho wezentengiselwano ozimele kakhulu wase-Ireland uye wanyakaziswa. Umqedazwe we-CHOVAD-19, ukuhlaselwa kwe-Suez Canal e-Ukraine ngoMatshi 2021, kanye nobunzima bezezimali obungapheli phakathi kwe-United States ne-China kuye kwahlanganiswa ukuze kusungulwe indawo eguquguqukayo yokuhamba kwezinto. E-Ireland/encane, i-ovel engenisa ukuthunyelwa kwe-GDP(100) futhi ayiyona inkathazo engabonakali; ithinta ngokuqondile imikhiqizo, intengo yezentengo, nokuncintisana kwezentengo yezemisebenzi yezezentengiselwano yezentengiselwano, ezokwelapha, ezobuchwepheshe, nezokudla.

Nakuba ama-raboard micks amaningi okuqala enciphile, izakhiwo zisalokhu zikhona. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela ukuphazamisana kwezindawo ezidiliziwe kwembulunga yonke okuye kwalungisa ngayo ukuhwebelana kwe-Irish, ukuhlasela kwengxenye, ukusabela kwamabhizinisi nabenzi bezimiso, nokuthi ikusasa liphetheni ngesizwe sesiqhingi okumelwe sithengiswe futhi sithunyelwe ngaphandle ukuze sichume.

Ukuqonda Izinguquko Zokukhiqiza Zanamuhla

Amaketanga okunikeza awasewona amapayipi ahamba ngemigqa kodwa ayimibhobho eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa amazwekazi amaningi nezindawo zesikhathi. Ukuphazamiseka kungaqala nomaphi: ukuvinjelwa kwefektri e-Southeast Asia, ukugadla kwetheku eNyakatho Yurophu, isomiso ePanama Canal parse, noma isikhombi esisheshayo esifuna amakhemikhali afanayo. Imiphumela yokubhobhodla ngokushesha ngenxa yezenzo zokubala [ zemisebenzi kanye [FLT] no ngenkathi yokukhiqiza [[FLT]] esheshayo] imfutho yemishini eminingi eyayamukela amashumi amathathu eminyaka adlule.

Lo mqedazwe wabangela ukufunwa kwabantu kanye kanye kanye futhi wabangela ukushaqeka. Amafektha abangela ukuba amafektha anciphe, kuyilapho amafektha ase-Los Angeles enza imfucumfucu esetshenziselwa ukuthenga izinto kunokuba izinkonzo. Amazinga okuthutha agcwele imikhumbi anyuka kakhulu. i-Drewry World Riteraker Index yanyuka ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-500 phakathi kuka-202020 no-201. Isiteshi esiminyene ezimisweni ezinkulu njengeShanghai, Rotterdam, ne-Los Angeles yakha imiphumela ethatha izinyanga ezithile ukuphuma. E-Ireland, ethembele kuzo zombili izimpahla zolwandle (ikathi ezihamba iPort, iRoslare, neCork), kanye nempahla yomoya (ngezinga eliphezulu lemichiza namathuluzi omshini), lezikhundlalo ezihunyuselwe ezisuselwe ezingeni ezibambe imuva ezisebeni ezisezingeni eziphezulu kakhulu.

Izingxabano zezezombangazwe zanezela olunye ungqimba. I-Brexit yasungula inqubo yezomthetho phakathi kwe-Ireland ne Great Britain, yenza kube nzima indlela yebhuloho evumela izinto zase-Irish ukuba zifike e-ingingqini yeYurophu ngokushesha. Impi e-Ukraine yaphazamisa amanani kagesi futhi yasongela imikhiqizo yokudla ne-empetrory, ihlasela ingxenye ye-agri enzima kakhulu. Okwamanje, ukuxabana kwezentengiselwano ye-US-Cina kwabangela ezinye izizwe ukuba zicabange ngezakhiwo zazo zase-Asia, zakha izingozi namathuba emisebenzi esekelwe e-Irish.

Ithonya Ezokuhwebelana Kwezohwebo Zase - Ireland: Ukubukeza

Ingqikithi yentengo nezinkonzo zase-Ireland yadlula i-crcle1.5 triliyoni ngo-2022, ngokwe-[FL:0] i-Central Statistics Office (CSO). Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kulawulwa yimithi, amakhemikhali akhiqizwayo, nemishini yekhompuyutha, kuyilapho izinto ezingeniswa ngaphandle zihlanganisa imishini, izindiza, kanye nowoyela. Ukungalawuleki komzimba kuthinteke kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zomholi.

Izimpahla Ezilitshalwe Nezithunyelwa Ngaphandle

Phakathi nokuntuleka kwezinqolobane ngo-2021, abadayisi bezinto ezishintshwayo nezimpahla eziphakathi babika isikhathi esiphambili samasonto amabili kuya kwamane. Izinkampani zemishini, ezisebenza ezikhongozelweni eziqinile, zabhekana nokwephuza ukuthola izithako ezisebenzayo nezinto zokufaka izinto. Ohlangothini oluthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, izimpahla ezonakala njengemikhiqizo yobisi kanye nezinyama zenkomo ezintsha ezihlangana namachweba nasephalishini le-parnbridge, okuholela ekuphangeni nasekuthengisweni kwempahla elahlekile.

Imininingwane evela kwi-Irish Transters Association ibonisa ukuthi ukulibala kwezindawo ezisetshenziswayo kwacashunwa amaphesenti angu-72 efemu ezingamalungu njengenselele enkulu ngo-2021-2020222. Nakuba ukukwazi ukuthwala ijubane sekuthuthukile, inkathi yokusebenza okusheshayo, okushibhile, nokunokwethenjelwa akuseqinisekisiwe.

Izindleko Ezengeziwe

Izindleko zemithwalo yezokuhamba e-40 ukusuka e-Asia ukuya eNyakatho Yurophu zafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-R1 000 ekupheleni kuka-2021, cishe ngokuphindwe kayishumi kunyuswa isilinganiso sangaphambi kwe-pandemic. Lezizindleko zazenziwa ngeketanga lokunikeza. Abakhiqizi base-Ireland babika ukuthi izindleko zezakhi ezithengiselwa kwamanye amazwe zanyuka ngo-1525% phakathi nenkathi yokuphazamiseka. Ukudlula kwemali kuya kumanani athengwayo kwaba nengxenye ekunyukeni kwenani elase yaziwa i-Central Bank yase-Ireland kusukela ngo-2022.

Ngaphandle kokuthutha, inani lamandla ngemva kokuhlasela kwe-Ukraine landisa izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwezindawo ezingenisa amandla njengosimende, insimbi, nokusebenza kwemininingwane. Nakuba ukubusa kwezentela nezisebenzi ezinekhono zase-Ireland kusakhanga, izingcindezi ezibizayo ziye zabangela ukuba izimboni ezithile ziphinde zicabange ngokuqina kwamaketanga azo asekelwe e-Ireland.

Ukuntuleka Kwezithako Ezibucayi

Izihloko eziphambili zabadlali bezokusebenza zaziyindaba esemhlabeni wonke, futhi i-Ireland yayingagonyiwe. Izwe linemisebenzi emikhulu yezinkampani ezinjenge-Intel, i-Analog System, neQualcom, kodwa i-ecology ebanzi . i-ethermon , hlanganise abenzi bemishini yezokwelapha kanye nezingxenye zemishini yezimoto. Ukuswelakala kwembulunga yonke kwanciphisa imigqa yokukhiqiza futhi kwaphoqelela amanye amafemu ase-Ireland ukuba akhiqize imikhiqizo ephezulu kakhulu edalweni.

Ukuswelakala kwezinto ezibonakalayo nakho kwagadla. I-steel, i-aluminiyam, kanye nepulasitiki ezithile kwaba nzima kakhulu ukukuthola ngo-2021, izakhiwo eziphucukile nezingxenye ezipakishwayo. Amabhizinisi e-Agri okudla abhekana ne-SANCR, aphindeka kathathu ngenani lemali yefektha ngo-2022, afuya imingcele yepulazi futhi anyusa izindleko zokudla kubathengi.

Ukuhlaziya Okuhlukahlukene Kwehlelo

Ibhizinisi lase-Ireland ligcwele kakhulu. Izigaba ezinhlanu eziphambili zomkhiqizo zilandisa cishe nge 80% yempahla ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Ukungalawuleki kuye kwathinta ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukile.

Imithi Nesayensi Yokuphila

I-Ireland ingumphathi wesithathu odayisa imithi emhlabeni, nezinkampani ezifana ne-Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, noNovartis abasebenza izakhiwo ezinkulu. Lemikhiqizo inenani eliphakeme, ngokuvamile elizwelayo, futhi ilawulwa kakhulu. Imboni incike kakhulu ezithuthweni zezindiza zempahla ezisheshayo ezithunyelwayo kanye nasezintweni ezithakwayo zemithi (API) ezisebenzayo ezivela eChina naseNdiya.

Phakathi nobhadane, amandla omoya ancipha njengoba izindiza zabagibeli ezithwele izisu zasuswa. Ingxenye yemithi yasabela ngokuqasha izindiza ezinikezelwe kanye nokuhlela inani lazo. I-EU’s Pharmautical Strategy [ nokusekela kukahulumeni wase-Ireland ekukhiqizeni imikhumbi ehamba phambili iye yasiza ekulondolozeni ukukhiqizwa, kodwa ingxenye ihlala isengozini yokuchayeka ukuxabana kwe-intellicity e-Asia] ikakhulukazi uma i-API ivela eNdiya noma eChina iphazamisekile.

Ukudla okunomsila

I-Ireland i-agri ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yayibiza i-CRY 16 biliyoni yezigidi nge-2022, ilawulwa ubisi, inyama yenkomo, nokudla okuphekiwe. Ingxenye ithembele kakhulu ebhulohweni le-UK ukuze ikwazi ukungena ezimakethe zaseYurophu. I-Brexit yasungula ulawulo lwezohwebo, futhi ukusungulwa kwe-Operation Operating Model kwabangela ukuba ibambezele emathekwini aseBrithani. Ukuphendula, uhulumeni wase-Ireland wasekela ukusungulwa kwemizila emikhumbi ehambayo ehambayo ukuya ezweni laseYurophu, kuhlanganise nezinkonzo ezivela eRosslare eBibray naseCherbourg.

Ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lokunikeza kwandisa izindleko zofakelwa. Ukufunza, ipetriliser, nophethiloli kwanyuka kakhulu. Impi e-Ukraine yasusa umthombo omkhulu kakolweni nowoyela welanga, isunduza abalimi base-Ireland ukuba bafune ezinye izimpahla. Ingxenye iye yabonisa ukuqina, kodwa ukuthambekela okude kwesikhathi e-regioninging [ kanye nokuxubana okuqinile [[FLT:] kungenisa imishini yokukhiqiza ukudla ephambili, kanye nabakhiqiniswe kakhulu base-Ireland.

Ubuchwepheshe Nemishini Yobuchwepheshe

I-Ireland iyisikhungo sezindawo zobuchwepheshe zaseYurophu zamazwe ngamazwe, kuhlanganise no-Apple, u-Google, u-Dell, no-HP. Nakuba uhwebo lwazo oluningi luhlanganisa izinkonzo (i-stawe, ifu, ukukhangisa kwamanani), imishini yensimbi kanye nezakhi. Ukuswelakala kwemishini yezemishini yezemishini kwabangela ukuba abenzi bezimboni abathile babambezele ukuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi. I-Dell ne-HP, zombili zazo zinemisebenzi emikhulu ye-Irish, yabika izikhathi ezingaphezulu.

Ngapha kwendlela elungile, ukusunduza kwe-fluemi sumi sumi super subre subficury e-EU ngaphansi kwe-European Chips Act kuye kwaholela ekuhlongozweni kokutshala izimali ezintsha e-Ireland. I-Intel’s Fab 24 eLeixlip nokwanda kwayo okuhleliwe eKildare kuyingxenye yecebo elikhulu lokwakha amaketanga aqinile okunikeza amabhande phakathi kweYurophu. I-IDA Ireland ibilokhu ikhangisa izwe njengendawo ethuthukile yokwakha ne-R&lamp;D ukuze inciphise ukuthembela kwabahwebi bezinto base-Asia.

Ibhizinisi Lemisebenzi

Izinkonzo zakha amaphesenti angaphezu kuka-50 ezinto ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-Ireland, ngokuyinhloko izinkonzo zezimali, umshuwalense, nempahla ehlakaniphile. Nakuba inkampani ingachayekanga kakhulu ekuphazamisekeni kwempahla engokomzimba, i-sethi iye yathinteka ngokungaqondile. Ukungaqiniseki kwembulunga yonke kunciphise ukuthembana kwezebhizinisi ne-M&A, okuphazamisa izinkonzo zobuchwepheshe. Okwamanje, amafemu asebenza ngokuxubile aye aphakamisa isidingo se-ibersecurity kanye nezinkonzo zamafu, imboni yase-Ireland ebekwe kahle kakhulu.

Ukusabela Nokuzivumelanisa Nezimo

Amabhizinisi nama - Ireland nabasunguli bezimiso abazange balindele ukutholakala kwesimiso esivamile. Kuye kwasetshenziswa izindlela eziningi zokuzivumelanisa nalezi zinto kusukela ngo - 2020.

Izinyathelo Zokwehlisa Imali

  • Ukubala ithumbu: Izimboni eziningi ziye zasuka nje ngenkathi eyodwa zasuka kwimishini yokubala zaya ezicathulweni. Iwarehouse e-Ireland yathatha i-paup yanda kakhulu ngo-2021-2021/202222, ikakhulukazi eMdantini Omkhulu i-Dublin nase-Midlands.
  • I-Suppar Divisionation: Amakhampani anciphisa isosi esisodwa. Izimboni ze-Pramacutics zithola abathengisi be-API abaningi, futhi izimboni zobuchwepheshe zihlola eduze kwezindlela zokukhomba eMpumalanga Yurophu nase Mexico.
  • Ukufakwa kwenani elisemthethweni: ukufakwa kwemali emakhemisini okubona, ukufunwa kwesidingo se-Aĺdriven ukubikezela, kanye nokuvimbela ukulandelelana kweminonjana. i-Entemprise Hub inikeza imithombo yemali egciniwe yamafemu amancane ukuze isebenzise ukuphatha amaketanga obuchwepheshe.
  • Ukuqamba noku-Autom:[ Abanye abakhiqizi baye babuyisela umkhiqizo e-Ireland noma imigqa esetshenziswayo ekhona ukuze kuncishiswe ukuqashwa kwemisebenzi ethunyelwe kwamanye amazwe kanye nezakhi.

Izenzo Zikahulumeni Nezehlakalo Ze - EU

UMnyango we - Enterprise, Ibhizinisi nemisebenzi e - Ireland uye wasebenza ne - European Commission ukuze iqinise ukunakekelwa kwemali. Izinyathelo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

  • I-[[QUT] Engaphucukanga I-Act ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezakhi zomhlaba ezingavamile nezinsimbi.
  • Ukukhokha izimali ezikhungweni zezakhiwo zetheku − Dublin Port’s MP2 nokwakhiwa kwezimpahla ezintsha zikaRosslare kuyakhula.
  • Umshuwalense wezohwebo ogunyazwe uhulumeni wokusekela abashushumbisi abathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe phakathi nobunzima obuwuketshezi.
  • Ukuxhasa i-Dispritive Techniologies Involution Fund ukuze kusekele izinto ezithuthukisiwe nokwakha.

I - Ireland iye yasebenza futhi ezikhungweni eziningi njenge - WTO ne - OECD, isekela imithetho esobala yezohwebo futhi imelene nemithetho ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ebangela ukuwohloka okungokweqisa.

Ukulungisa i-Breutting

I-EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) yanikeza intengiselwano ekhululekile kodwa yemithetho elawulayo ekhuphula ukungezwani. Amabhizinisi ase-Ireland ngaphambili aye athembela e-UK bridge ahlome ngezinkonzo eziqondile. Kusukela ngo-2024, amaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-40 e-Ireland athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emazweni ase-Europe nge-UK ngokuphelele, uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphansi kwa-20% ku-2019. Lo shintsho luye lwadinga ukutshala imali kubantu abashayeli abashayeli be-logolishi, kodwa luye lwanciphisa ukuchayeka ekungeneni okuyo esikhathini esizayo kwe-UKrayray.

Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo

Ukuphazamiseka okulandelanayo cishe akunakuphela. Kunalokho, isimiso sembulunga yonke singena enkathini yokulungisa okungokohlelo okungokohlelo okuboniswa ngokuhlelwa kakhulu kwendawo, amazinga aphezulu ohlu, kanye nokwanda kwamandla. E-Ireland, umbono uyaxubana.

Amathuba

I-Ireland ingazinza kakhulu ngenxa yedumela layo njengendawo eqinile, ekhuluma isiNgisi, ilungu le-EU elinezinto eziqinile nesisekelo sobuchwepheshe. Ukuthambekela kumngane [[FLT: 0] u-(-(-ss) u-(-sscheme)) (ukusuka emazweni ahlangene ngokwezesayensi yezesayensi yezwe) − ukudlala kwezezinga eliphezulu. I-IDA isibone kakade isithakazelo esikhuphukile esivela e-US efuna ukunciphisa ukuchayeka eChina. Uma i-Ireland ingalondoloza izindleko zayo zokuncintisana nezokushaya amabhodlela (i - hollay, amandla, amanzi), ingakhanga imithombo ephakeme kakhulu yokukhiqiza i-intengo ye-Ireland ne-pane.

Ushintsho oluluhlaza luvula futhi uhwebo olusha. Ubuchwepheshe be - hydrogen yase - Ireland obungavela ngaphesheya kogu nobe - hydrogen bungakha amathuba athunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emishini evuselela amandla ne - hydrogen eluhlaza.

Izingozi

I-Geo Antitical Reduction Act (IRA) i-US ingenza umonakalo e-Ireland uma amazwe ahwebelanayo eqala ukuxabana. Njengoba izwe elincane elithembele ezimakethe zase-US nase-EU, i-Ireland ingachayeka ekuphazamisekeni kwemibango ehamba nge-Atlantic. I-US Inflatious Reduction Act (IRA) kakade isiye yakha ukulondoloza imali eYurophu, futhi ukuvikela okwengeziwe kungaqeda ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ase-Ireland.

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungelinye ikhadi elingalawuleki. Izenzakalo zezulu ezinkulu, njengesomiso esithinta amazinga oMfula iRhine noma iziphepho eziphazamisa amatheku ase-Ulf Coast, zingageleza ngamaketanga okuthutha izinto. Abalimi base-Ireland kakade babhekene nezinkathi ezihwamuka kakhulu, ezingathinta izinga nobukhulu bokudla okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.

Ekugcineni, ukuncika okukhulu kwezomnotho zase - Ireland ezingxenyeni ezimbalwa zamazwe ngamazwe kwenza kube lula ukushaqeka kwengxenye ehlukene yama - common à procerie.

Isiphetho

Ukuphazamisa kwezindawo ezithengisene emhlabeni wonke kuye kwayiguqula kakhulu indawo ye-Irish ngenxa yokuhamba kwentengiselwano. Ubuhlungu obusheshayo bokungahambi kahle nezindleko ezikhuphuka kakhulu buye babangela igagasi lokuzivumelanisa okusaqhubeka. Amabhizinisi acabanga kabusha ukuthi avelaphi, akha, akha, futhi asakaze kanjani. Abaphathi basebenzisa imali ezindaweni ezingokobuchwepheshe, emizileni yezohwebo ebanzi, kanye nakusekela ukusungulwa kwemisebenzi.

Ikhono le-Ireland lokulawula lendawo entsha liyoxhomeka ekulondolozeni ukukhanga kwayo njengesikhungo sokusebenza kwezizwe ngezizwe kuyilapho ithuthukisa ukuqina kwezindawo ezihlala ndawonye. Izwe alinakuzihlukanisa ekushaqekeni kwembulunga yonke kodwa lingaqinisa ikhono lalo lokuthola nokululama kuyo. Ishumi leminyaka elizayo liyohlola ukuthi izomnotho ezincane ezivulekile njenge-Ireland zingachuma yini enkathini yomonakalo, kodwa zisazisekela, ezimpompaneni zomhlaba.