Ukugasela Okubucayi Kokubusa Kwamanzi Nezilwane Eziphilayo

Isimiso samanzi sinquma indlela imithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile neyamanzi asemanzini ewabelwe ngayo, esetshenziswa, futhi evikelekile. Ezinhlotsheni zasemanzini ezisengozini, (ezisuka ] emazon] ehlengethwani lomfula []] e-Eupanean eel [[[]]] lezimiso zingasho umehluko phakathi kokubuya nokuqothulwa. Amanzi anamandla abusa izidingo zabantu zokuphuza amanzi, ezolimo, kanye nezimboni zezemvelo yemvelo. Uma kuthenwa kahle, kuvinjelwa ukucekelwa kwezindawo zokuhlala, ukuvinjelwa kwemithwalo, nokugeleza kwezindawo ezincikelwe yizindawo ezincikelwe ekuzaleni, ekufuyeni, nasekuthuleni.

Nokho, izimiso eziningi zamanzi ezikhona zaziklanywe ngaphambi kokuba izinhlekelele zezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ziqondakale. Zivame ukuhlela impumelelo emfushane yezomnotho noma ukuhluleka ukuveza imiphumela ephindaphindiwe. Ukuvuselela lezi zici ngemigomo ecacile yezinhlobo zezilwane ezisemuva manje sekuyinjongo eyinhloko yomhlaba wonke. Izinhlangano ezinjenge INTERNATIONAL Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) kanye nemizimba yesizwe enjenge- U.S.INCLETY .INTYYS .AGU Agency igcizelela kakhulu ukuthi inqubo yamanzi kumelwe ihlanganiswe nesayensi yokulondololonga imvelo ukuze ilahle izinqubo zezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane zasemanzini.

Ukubaluleka Komthetho Wokulondolozwa Kwamanzi

Isimiso samanzi sihlela zonke izici ezingokoqobo namakhemikhali zendawo yasemanzini. Sinquma ukugeleza komfudlana, simise imingcele ezindaweni ezikhuselwe, futhi simise imingcele yezindawo ezivikelekile. La mathuluzi okuqondisa athinta ukuphila kohlobo oluthile. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Vaquatie porpoise[[ [[FLD]] ([[FLT]]Phocoena sinus[])) eGulf of California isengozini enkulu ngenxa yokubanjwa yi-grillnet, umsebenzi ohanjwa yimithetho engekho ngokomthetho yokudoba nezindlela zokuziphilisa ezingezinye izindlela zendawo. Strong beather, i-Prover enciat, futhi engekho ezimele imithombo yezindawo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimiso samanzi sisingatha izinsongo ezibanzi ezibangelwa ukuhamba kwezindawo zezolimo, ezidala izindawo ezifile ezifushanisa izinhlanzi futhi ezingenamgogodla. I-Gulf of Mexico of South, ehlangene nemithwalo yoMfula iMississippi, iwumphumela oqondile wezimiso eziqinile zamanzi. Ngokufanayo, amadamu nezikhuhlane zishintsha imibuso engokwemvelo, isithibaza ukufuduka kwezinhlanzi nokunciphisa ubunkimbinkimbi bezindawo zokuhlala. Imishini enjengezimfuneko zokuhamba kwendawo ezungezile kanye nemithetho yokususa amadamu, ngenxa yalokho ibalulekile ezilwaneni ezinjenge i-atlantic salmon [[FL:1] [FLT]] kanye [FLD:] ne[FLT] Melikanel.[FLD]

Ezweni lonke, izivumelwano ezifana ne iSinqumo eMicronomistry kanye ne- Ramsar Convention eWetlands[ zinikeza izisekelo zokuphatha amanzi anqamuleyo. Kodwa ukusungula ngokuvamile kunezinga eliphansi. Ngaphandle kokuphoqelelwa kwezimiso zesizwe ezihlanganisa lezizibopho, izinhlobo eziningi ziyaqhubeka zincipha.

Izinyathelo Eziyinhloko Zokulondolozwa Ngomthetho Wamanzi

Ukumisa Nokuhlobisa Izindawo Ezivikelwe

Izindawo ezivikelwe olwandle (MPAS) kanye nezinqolobane zamanzi ahlanzekile ziyitshe lesisekelo lokulondolozwa kwamanzi. Uma zilawulwa ngokuphumelelayo, zivikela izindawo ezihlalayo eziyingozi emisebenzini ebhubhisayo enjengesithako esingaphansi, i-outring, igud, nentuthuko yasogwini. i-Papahānaumenaākea Marine National Monument eHawaii, enye yezindawo ezivikelekile kakhulu eMhlabeni, amatheku asongela izinhlobo zendela e-monkcrine nemfudu eluhlaza e-oce. Ngokufanayo, izindawo ezivikelwe eRio Grande Grande ne Coloradoriodo zisiza ukuba kulondololwe inani lezinhlanzi zomdabuni elinjenge-Rio glovery minow.

Nokho, ama-MPA amaningi akhona kuphela ephepheni (ukugcinwa kwemithetho, imingcele, noma amasu okuphatha. Inkambiso yamanzi ephumelelayo kumele ihlanganise ukunikezela ngemali yokuhlola [, ] i-communiny ufituniy[[, futhi [[FLT]]]] [[FLT]]]] i-autive [indlela] esemthethweni [[FLT]]] ekhethekile [i-FLT] esemthethweni [[FLT]]] esemthethweni [[FLT]] ]]., ngokwesibonelo, iGreat Barriefrinector Marine Marine Park isebenzisa isimiso sokuhlanganisa izifunda nezindawo ezinziwayo, esisekelwa uhlelo olubanzi. Lendlela ibonisa ukuthi ukulondololwa ngokusebenzisa ngokwezomnotho kanye nokudoba.

2. Ukuqinisa Imithetho Yokulawula Ukungcola

Ukungcola kuyimbangela ephambili yokuncipha kwezinhlobo zasemanzini. I-Pessicide, izinsimbi ezisindayo, ipulasitiki, kanye nezinsalela ezithaka imithi zinqwabelana ezintweni zamanzi, zikhubaze ukuzalana, ukukhula, nokusebenza kokuzivikela komzimba. Isimiso samanzi kumelwe simise izindinganiso eziqinile futhi sikhuthaze ukushisa okuluhlaza. I-Prequetoc act e-United States] Inciphe ukungcola okubangelwa yimboni nezitshalo zendle, kodwa okungekho ndawo ekhona okungcoliswa kuyo imfucumfucu. /I-acene] I-act e-Graclet [[FLT] I-act [FLT]

Izimiso ezintsha ezifana ne [[FLT: 0] Izinga lokuhweba ngamanzi zivumela abalimi abathenga izikweleti abasebenzisa izindlela zokuphatha ezingcono kakhulu, badala izisusa zezomnotho zokunciphisa imithwalo yezakhi. IChesapeake Bay Program[[FL:3] isebenzisa isimiso sokuhweba ukuze kuncishiswe i-itrogen ne-phosphorus, isiza ukuvuselela uhlaza lwamanzi kanye nokusekela amanani ebhulukwe namabhulukwe. Izimiso ezifanayo ziyahlolwa nge-Baltic Seatic, lapho isongela khona izinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-altic sy Cod.

3. Ukuthuthukisa Ukusetshenziswa Kwamanzi Alondekile

Ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi ngaphezu kokunisela ngenkasa, izimboni, nomasipala kuqeda imifula kanye nama-aquifer, kushiyela amanzi anganele ebomi basemanzini. Isimiso samanzi kumelwe sikhuthaze ukulondoloza amanzi , intuthuko engcono[, futhi [FLT] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] inciphe kakhulu [[FLT] i-d demand [[. Isibonelo, i-Darling Basin Plan e-Australia imisa imingcele evimbela ukuhleleka okungalawulekiyo emfuleni wezwe obaluleke kakhulu. Isize ukulondolozwa kwezindawo zase-Murrard ne-sword, nakuba izinselele nokushintsha isimo sezulu.

I-Procies ingagunyaza futhi ukugeleza okungokomsinga okungalinganiswayo .ukubheka ukuthi amadamu akhipha amanzi ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka ukuze afanise ukushaya kwesikhukhula esingokwemvelo. Lezi zikhukhula zibangela ukuzala kwezinhlanzi, zifaka ukungcola emaphahleni amanzi, futhi zikhiphe izinto ezikhiqizwayo emfuleni. SAN JOANTIN program eCalifornia kuvuselela ukuphinde kuvuselelwe kwenani elikhulu labantu abazakhe-injini yenhla ye-mfudu-Chinokey, eyayisuphe amashumi eminyaka.

Ukuhlola Imisebenzi Yokubuyisela Esakhiweni Esivamile

Izindawo ezihlaziywe zingabuyiselwa ngokuhlelwa kwezimiso. Ukususwa kwe-Dam kubonakale kuphumelela kakhulu ezinhlanzini ezifudukayo. Ukususwa kwe-Elwha ne Glines Canyon Damars eWashington State kungavula indawo eqhelekile engamakhilomitha angu-37 ehlala i-Pacific salmon ne-steen traut, kuholela ekusheshiseni i-ralon. Inqubo yamanzi ingaxhasa ukususwa okunjalo, idinga indlela yokuhamba kwezinhlanzi edamuni elikhona, kanye nomngcele wokususa idobo ezindaweni ezisuswe amanzi.

Ukubuyiselwa kwezwe kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Isiphepho sesikhashana sasenxwemeni sigadla, izinto ezingcolisayo, futhi sinikeze indawo yokuhlala yamakhulu ezinhlobo zezilwane. I-Costal Wetlands Planning, Isivikelo noBuyiselo ```FLT'] eLouisiana inikezela izigidi zezigidi zamadola okubuyisela amaxhaphozi asekela amaxhaphozi ase-Louisiana e-black bear nezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi. Ngokufanayo, i-Eupane Water Foundation Direction ifuna ukuba amalungu elungu afinyelele "isimo esihle semvelo kuzo zonke izindikimba zamanzi, ngokuvamile ezisekela ukubuyiselwa kwemisebe ye-ova nezindawo ezisohlayo.

Izinselele Ekusebenziseni Umthetho Wamanzi Ophumelelayo

Ukumelana Nezombangazwe Nezithakazelo Eziphicanayo

Amanzi awumcebo okhokhelwa ngokwezombangazwe. Ama-produktha e-creat system, izinkampani zamanzi ahamba emanzini, kanye nezithiyo zasemadolobheni ngokuvamile zimelana nemithetho elinganisela ukutholakala kwazo noma ukwandisa izindleko. Ngokwesibonelo, imizamo yokuvikela Delta sment eSacramento-San Joquin Deltal iye yagqunywa emacaleni nasempini yezombangazwe, abasebenzisi baphikisa ukuthi indawo ezungezile ilimaza ipulazini kanye nezindawo zikamasipala. Abenzi bemishini kumelwe balawule lemibango ngezinqubo ezibonisa ngokucacile, izibambiso, nezintela zokuthinta imiphakathi.

Ukucindezela Kwezomnotho Nokucabanga Okufushane

Imisebenzi eminingi yamanzi − njengokwakhiwa kwedamu noma ukumbiwa kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba − ithethelelwa ngezinzuzo ezisheshayo zomnotho, kuyilapho izindleko zendawo ezungezile ezithatha isikhathi eside zincishiswa. Lokhu kulandelana okufushane kuyisithiyo esiyisisekelo. Ngokwesibonelo, inhlekelele yaso Sea Aral Sea yabangelwa ukufuywa kukakotini okuthathe amashumi eminyaka okuphambukisa imifula ngaphandle kokungahloniphi imiphumela yendawo ezungezile. Namuhla, amandla afanayo asongela iChibi i-Urmia e-Iran naseColoradorado. I-policies ehlanganisa ukugcinwa kwemita kanye nezindleko zesikhathi eside ingaguqula izinqumo zokulondolozwa kwemvelo.

Ukuntuleka Kokwaziswa Nokuhlolwa Kwesayensi

Inqubo yamanzi ephumelelayo idinga ukwaziswa okuyisisekelo emiphakathini yezinhlobo, izinga lamanzi, kanye nokuhamba. Izindawo eziningi, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka, zintula imithombo yokuhlola okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuhlola ukusebenza kwenqubo noma ukuqaphela izimpawu ezixwayisayo zokuqala. Ubuhlobo bomhlaba wonke obunjenge i-Global Forenality Biodiversity Assesment inhloso yokugcwalisa lezindawo, kodwa ukusekela okuqhubekayo nokusekela kwemali kanye nesakhiwo samandla endawo kusemqondweni. Ngaphandle kokwazi ukuqagela.

Ukuqaphela Umphakathi Nokuhlanganyela

Ukulondoloza amanzi ngokuvamile kuthatha isihlalo kwezinye izindaba zendawo ezungezile. Abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi ukusebenzisa kwamanzi kuthinta ngokuqondile izinhlobo ezisengozini yamakhulu amakhilomitha. Imikhankaso yemfundo, izinhlelo zesayensi, namathuluzi okubika afinyelelekayo angakha ukusekela komphakathi ezimisweni zamanzi eziqinile. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Lake Ontario Atlantic Salmon Reconstruction Program ifaka izisebenzi zokuzithandela zendawo ekuhlanzeni indawo yokuhlala nokufaka izinhlanzi ezindaweni ezisekuyo, zifaka umuzwa wobuphathi obuguqula umfutho wamanzi owe ezombangazwe ukuba uvikelekile.

Ukuhlola Izifo Emthethweni Wamanzi Nezilwane Eziphilayo

I - Vaquita: Uhlanga Olungaqothulwa

IVaquita porpoise, enabantu abangaphansi kweshumi abasele, iyisilwane sasolwandle esisengozini enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Okuwukuphela kwendawo yaso yi-Gulf of California esenyakatho, lapho i-illnet engekho emthethweni isetshenziselwa ukudoba i-totoaba .Izinsomi eziyingozi − ama-porpoise njenge-khaphenti. i-Mexico iye yasebenzisa khona ukuvinjelwa okuhlala njalo eVaquitaba, isekelwa yi-opera country coutestry ne-applications. Nokho, izombangazwe ziyoma, futhi ukudoba okungekho emthethweni kuyaqhubeka. Lendaba igcizelela ukuthi inqubo kumelwe isekelwe ekuvinjweni okungantengisweni kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezilwane.

Ukululama Kwe - Atlantic Salmon Ngaphansi Komthetho Wezilwane Ezisengozini

Inani lezilwane zase-almon zasendle zase-Atlantic e-United States liye lehla ngenxa yamadamu, ukungcola, kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Njengoba zisengozini eMaine, izinhlobo zizuza ku- Intethelelekelwe [uMthetho we-Species (ESA)] ogunyaza ukuvuselelwa kwezinhlelo zokulungisa nokubekwa kwendawo yokuhlala okunzima. Izenzo zenqubo zamanzi zihlanganisa ukususwa kwedamu (umz., i-Edwa Dam e-Augusta), intuthuko yezinhlanzi, kanye nokuncishiswa kwamanzi. Imininingwane yamuva ibonisa ukwanda okuncane ekubuyiseni abantu abadala, kodwa izinhlobo ezihlala zisengozini kakhulu. I-ESA inikeza ukuva okungokomthetho, kodwa ukuvuseleka okuqhubekayo nokubambisana nokubambisana.

Ukulondolozwa Kodokotela Abahlinzayo EMifuleni YaseCaspian NeyaseDanube

U-Sturgeon, owaziswa kakhulu nge-caviar yawo, uye wacekelwa phansi ukudoba ngokweqile, kodwa ukuhweba okungekho emthethweni kuyaqhubeka. EYurophu, i- i-[FLT][FLT] i-Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (Izingalo Eziyingozi)[ ilawula ukuhwebelana ngezinhlanzi, kodwa ukuhweba okungekho emthethweni kuyaphikelela. [[FLT] EYurophu, iqoqo lezindawo zokuhlala nokuphumula. [FLT][FFOLT] [FOF] [3] [FFOFOF:3]

Ama - coral Reef: Inselele Yomthetho Wembulunga Yonke

Amadwala ase-coral abhekene nezinsongo ezibangelwa ukufudumala kwamanzi, ulwandle olune-acid, kanye nokungcola komhlaba. Inqubo yamanzi endaweni inganciphisa inhlabathi nokukhuphuka kwezakhi, kodwa ukushintsha isimo sezulu kudinga ukunciphiswa kwegesi embulungeni yonke. [I-Reef] 2050 Learter Compatibility Plan [[FL:1] yeGreat Barrier Reef] ihlanganisa izisulu zamanzi, njengokunciphisa i-ioxygen ephuma ngo-80% ngo-2025. Imiphumela yangaphambili iveza intuthuko kwezinye izixhobo zolwandle, kodwa i-2024 ekhipha izimpawu zezenzakalo zodwa. Lokhu kuqinisa isidingo semikhankambiso yezindawo ezihlanganisa isimo sezulu.

Indima Yezeluleko Zezizwe Zonke Nokubambisana Okungaguquguquki

Izinhlobo eziningi zasemanzini zifuduka zinqamule imingcele yezombangazwe. iNguquko ku-Migray Species (CMS) inikeza uhlelo lokuvikela izinhlobo zezilwane njenge Amazonfish[ ne [FLT] [[FLT]] ne-Brahmin kite [[[FLT]] [FLT] ayisebenzi emfuleni we-ibhilithi . Nokho, ukusungula kuxhomeke ezimisweni zamanzi ezihlangene. [[FLT:] [FLT]] [FLT] [5:7] ngaphansi kwe-UMAND yezentelk] Izwelogo yombuso wezentengo ye-Economfazi womphakathi wokusiza amazwe ukuba ahlangane emifuleni ezindaweni eziningi.

E-Southeast Asia, i-Mekong River Commission ihlela ukuphatha amanzi phakathi kweLaos, iThailand, iCambodia, neVietnam. Ibhekene nobunzima phakathi kokukhula kwamanzi anamandla nokulondoloza i- ihlengethwa ne-[FLT] i-flat] rating rotramray [. Izimiso zesimiso ezinjengezimfuneko zokuhamba kwendawo ezungezile kanye nokuhlola imiphumela edluliswayo ziyakhula, kodwa iyaqhubeka ibuthaka. Intuthuko idinga izisusa eziqinile zokubambisana nokusekela nokusekela amadamu amakhulu.

Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu: Isimiso Esisha Samanzi

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kushintsha indlela yezimvula, izinguzunga zeqhwa ezincibilikayo, namazinga okushisa kwamanzi. Lokhu ukushintsha okukhona kusongela izinhlobo zasemanzini. Ngokwesibonelo, izinhlanzi zasemanzini abandayo njenge- bull trout[ kanye [FLT] ne [FLT]brook traut [ eNorth America] ilahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala njengemifudlanga. Inqubo yamanzi kumelwe ihlanganise izinqubo zokushintsha isimo sezulu: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazi ahlala phakathi kwezikhawu zezindawo ezibandayo, ukuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa, nokuhamba kwemvula kuhambisana nesomiso yesomiso kanye nezikhukhula.

I- i-National Climate Assesment e-U.S. itusa ukuhlanganisa izilinganiso zesimo sezulu ezizabelanini amanzi. Izibonelo zihlanganisa i-Colado River Contimency Plan[, enciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi phakathi nokuswelakala ukuvikela inhlanzi esengozini njenge-hubbe chub. Ngokufanayo, i-Australia’s [FLT:]] Morray-Ding Bastin Plan[ ama-akhawunti okunciphindwa kwemiza ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kodwa ukuthenga amanzi kungoko kumele kushintshele ngokwaneleyo ukuze kushintshe inguquko emvelo ngesikhathi eside. Izimiso zesikhathi esizayo zihleleke ngokushesha.

Indlela Imishini Yokusebenzisa Amanzi Esebenzisa Imali, Ukucwaninga Nokushintsha Kwayo

Isimiso samanzi asilawuli nje kuphela, futhi sixhasa ngemali. I-Profectooting Fund ye-Mater State Revoling inikeza imali ebolekwayo encishisiwe kakhulu yemisebenzi yezentuthuko yamanzi enciphisa ukungcola. Izimali eziningi zihlela kabusha imisebenzi ezuzisa izinhlobo zamanzi, njengokuvuselela izitshalo ezidaliweyo zokwelapha imfucumfucu noma ukubuyisela indawo ezichitha i-odansi.

Ukucwaninga kungenye imiphumela. Umthetho udinga amasu okuvuselela adinga ukuqaphela izidingo zokucwaninga ezidingekayo . njengokuqonda izindlela zokufuduka noma izindawo zokuzalela. Izinhlangano zikahulumeni zifaka izimali zokucwaninga ngokuqondile ukuphatha amanzi. Isibonelo, ukucwaninga umfula ihlengethwa i-Amazon dolphin [ izinhlangano eziye zaholela ekulungiseni iziqondiso zokudoba ezidingekayo eBrazil. Umthetho ukhuthaza ukusungulwa kwenqubo yezobudolithi lokudoba DNA (eDNA) [FLT] , okuvumela ukuvithwa ngokushesha, okungakhonzwa kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo ze-odwa. Inqubo ye-EPASPUTreacean ye-Denetics Exchange ye-DNCOUS.

Isiphetho: Indlela Yezilwane Eziphila Nge - aquatic

Isimiso samanzi asilona ikhambi elikhona elikhona elithi liyaguquka, lishintsha izimo zendawo ezungezile, futhi lishintsha izindinganiso. Ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zasemanzini ezisengozini kuxhomeke ezimisweni ezithi zesayensi, ezisekelwe, eziqikelelwayo, nezivumelanayo[. Izindaba eziphumelelayo, njengokuvuselelwa kwe-alphan ye-Atlantic salmon emifuleni ethile noma ukuhla kwemiphakathi ye-Murray cod, zibonisa ukuthi inqubo yamanzi ephumelelayo ingashintshashintsha. Kodwa le nqubo ilula futhi idinga ukuqapha njalo.

Ukuze balinganisele lempumelelo, ohulumeni kumelwe bahlanganise imvelo kuzo zonke izinqumo ezihlobene namanzi, kusuka ekufuneni amadamu kuya ekuhoxeni amanzi kuya ekuthuthukiseni kogu. Ukubambisana kwezizwe zonke kumelwe kudlulele ngalé kwezivumelwano zokuzithandela ukuze kuhlanganise izisulu ezibophayo zemiphumela yokungahlangani. Umphakathi womphakathi ufeza indima ethile ngokuzingela, isayensi, nokukhetha ukudla okungalondolozwanga kwezilwane nemikhiqizo yamanzi.

Izingozi ziphakeme. Izinto eziphilayo eziphila emanzini ahlanzekile ziyancipha ngokushesha kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasemhlabeni noma zasolwandle. Izinhlobo ngazinye zisho ukunqamuka kolwembu lokuphila okusekela imvelo nemiphakathi yabantu. Isimiso samanzi sinamandla kakhulu okuvikela le mithombo engenakuthathelwa indawo. Ngokuqinisa izakhiwo zokulungisa, ukutshala izindleko zokulungisa, nokuthuthukisa ukubambisana emingceleni, singaqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlobo zasemanzini ezisengozini azigcini ngokuhlala kodwa zichuma empilweni engcono, ekwakheni kwemvelo okuzolandela izizukulwane.