Gavumenti za Japan zikyuse nnyo mu kyasa ekiyise, era n'ebibiina by'eby'obufuzi ebikola ng'abavuzi ba nkola enkyukakyuka. Okuva ku kuzza obutebenkevu mu mabbaala g'entalo okuyita mu kiseera kya malwanyi okutuuka mu kyasa ekya 21, okugatta obuyigirize n'ebiruubirirwa ebya bannabyabufuzi kisimbye amakanda, ebizingirwa mu ssente, n'obuyigirize. Okutegeera ekifo ky'amagatte g'eby'obufuzi mu nkyukakyuka zino kikulu okusobola okutegeera engeri Japan gy'etuukanamu n'enkola y'enkola y'enjawukana wakati w'enjawukana ez'ensi yonna, n'okuvuganyanyanya, n'obukuukuguvu n'obulungi.

Ebyafaayo ku Bufumbo mu Japan

Gavumenti ez'eby'obufuzi mu Bugwanjuba tezaabaawo mu kiseera Meiji Resource (1868-1912), nga gavumenti enoonya kugatta ggwanga n'okuzimba ensi. Gavumenti mu Bugwanjuba tezaaliwo, naye gavumenti (yayawukana ne Meiji oligarchs era oluvannyuma ne Imperial Diet(central Secondary Conference Conference Conference of 18.E enkola eno yagno yassa essira ku ku kussa obwesige bwa empula n'obukugunjufu mu makolero.

Oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo II, omulimu gw'Abafuzi (1945-19952) gwasaanukula enkola y'obuyigirize obwa bulijjo nga tegunnatuuka lutalo lwa ggwanga era ne gutandikawo enkyukakyuka eza demokulase ezaagobererwa mu Amerika. The Fundamental Law of Education (1947) era n'etteeka lya amasomero g'essomero lyatandikawo okumala emyaka mwenda mu buyigirize, okusomesa, n'obukiiko bw'essomero. Mu kiseera kino, ebibiina by'eby'obufuzi byatandika okussaawo obulagirizi n'okuvuganya n'okuleetawo ebiragiro ebya demokulase. Olurbalwa lwa Democracratic Party (LDP) olwatandikibwawo mu 1955, lwafuuka lwa maanyi mangi nga gava mu kunkalu.

LDP's tenure('s tenure's''''''''''''''''''''''''ebyamala bikkirizibwa okumala akaseera katono mu 1993-19994 ne 2009-2012" okukakasiza emitindo gyayo ku buyigirize: mwoyo gwa ggwanga, okugaziya emirimu gy'eby'enfuna, n'enkola ey'okukkakkakka mu bantu. Mu kiseera kye kimu, ebibiina ebiziyiza okuvuganya kwa Diet, okufuga, n'okupikirizibwa kwa bantu. Ng'ekyokulabirako, Abayingi mu bitongole ebifuga mu 1960 bannassaawereza gavumenti okugaziya ettendekero n'okulongoosa embeera z'abasomesa.

Enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi ezaaliwo mu 1970 ne mu 1980, gamba ng'okutandika obwakalu Yutori obuyigirize obwategekebwa okukendeeza ku kupikirizibwa n'okukulaakulanya ebiruubirirwa ebya bulijjo. Enkyukakyuka zino zalaga nti Japan yali eteekwa okukkaanya ku bintu nga yayaswa obukwasi. Kyokka, oluvannyuma lw'ekyo, okuddayo mu mabbali ga 2000, PDP Prime Korentiumi, yaleetera ebigezo eby'okugezesa ebiziko ate n'okusindika essomero ku yunicca, okulaga nti obutonzivu bw'obuyigirize obwa bulijjo bulina okuddayo mu mwaka 2000.

Ebika Binene eby’Eby’Eby’obufuzi n’Enjigiriza Zaabwe

Gavumenti za Japan ezikola mu bitundu bingi zizingiramu abazanyi abangi abalina endowooza ez'enjawulo ku buyigirize.

Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)

LDP yatadde essira ku buyigirize obwakakozesebwa mu kunyweza obuwagizi n'eby'enfuna.

LDP era ewagira okukakasibwa okw'okwefuga okw'ebitongole eby'omu masomero, okugezesa okwa bulijjo (nga ku kutuukirizibwa kw'ekitongole kya National Academic Association), n'okulagira okukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa mu masomero g'empandika n'enkola z'ekibiina. Mu bukulembeze bwa Ababe obw'okubiri (2021-2020), gavumenti yatandikawo ekitongole ekisookedwa ennyo eky'Essomero ky'Essomero mu Etendekero" (208), ekiteekateeka ebinoonyezebwa eby'Olungereza, STEM, n'empuza enjyunziganya z'abayizi. LDP'ebitundu ebikolagana n'eby'eby'obusuubuzi ($Ceye Kéidanren", mu kuteekamuteeso mu by'amaduukano g'emirimu gy'amakolero, ebitendeka okumanyisanjabisibwa obukyabiro. [[FF:]][F1]]]

Ku buyigirize obwa waggulu, LDP bakola enkyukakyuka mu yunivasite zigatte ku kuvuganya okw'ensi yonna nga mw'otwalidde "Oww Global University Project" era n'okuteekawo ssente ezisinga obungi mu kibiina. Ebyo bye baakola biraga nti ebibiina eby'amaanyi bireetera abantu okwongera ku bintu ebirala wadde nga byongedde obukodyo mu yunivasite.

Komeito (Ekibiina kya Gavumenti Ekiyonjo)

Okuva mu 1999, Komeito ye yali munne mu LDP, era nga ye yayamba nnyo mu by'enjigiriza, naddala ku nsonga ezikwata ku mbeera z'eby'obulamu n'obuteekusifu. Komeito yava mu kibiina ky'Abasoka Gakkai enzijaayansi era mu byafaayo baalwanirira okuyigiriza abantu eby'emirembe, eddembe ly'obuntu, n'okuwagira abayizi abagwa olubengo.

Komeito yeetaagisa bassomero okugaziya, okusasula amasomo ga siniya, n'okugaziwa kw'essente ezikozesebwa mu masomero agayigiriza abantu abatono abafuna obuwangwa obutonotono. Era ewandulira obuyigirize bw'abaana abaliko obulema obutono.[1] Emitwe egibangibwako si gye giggumizibwa nnyo aba LDP. Mu 2020s, Komeito yasobola okutegeeza ekitongole ekikolera ku "GIGA Ssomero," ekiwandikiro kino ekimu ku muyizi omu, era n'okulongoosa Internet mu kukolagana wakati w'amasomero ga bonna.

Wadde Komeito alina endowooza y'emu ku LDP, eteeka essira ku kuteeka mu nkola enkola eya bulijjo mu kifo ekisaanira.

Ekibiina eky’Edda Akakola nga Demokulase (CDP)

CDP, ekitongole ekiziyiza okuziyizibwa ekyakolebwa mu 2017, ebifo ebyayo bisangibwa ku ludda olw'okubiri olw'ekika kya Centrist. Mu buyigirize, CDP eteeka essira ku mukisa gwenkana, okukendeeza ssente ezisabibwa okusasula, n'okunyweza amasomero ga gavumenti mu kifo kya mannya ga bantu. Akakiiko kano kaziyiza enkola y'okutandikawo enkola y'obusobozi bw'eby'obusuubuzi nga shrip.

CDP k'esabye okuyimirizawo ddala obuyigirize obwa yunivasite obwa yunivasite era n'okusobozesa amaka ga bonna obutafuna buyigirize obwa waggulu nga gasobola okubeera mu kifo ekya wansi n'eky'okukka wansi. Era ewagidde okukomya enkyukakyuka mu 2006 ey'okukyusa Amateeka ag'Enjigiriza nga gagamba nti enkyukakyuka eza LDP zitegekebwa mu ggwanga lya waggulu. Ku pulatifoomu, essira lya CDP liteekeddwa ku by'emirembe, okubeewa obutebenkeze, n'okuvumirira endowooza ezigendera ku nsonga ezikulaakulaakulaakulana.

Mu Diet, ab'ekitongole ekikile CDP batera okubuuza ebibuuzo ebikwata ku mbeera z'abasomesa ez'okukola, embeera z'omuyizi mu birowoozo, n'okuteeka essira ku ngeri y'okukeberaamu ebisenge. Bataddewo amateeka agakugira okukola ennyo awaka era n'okukendeeza obunene bw'ebbeeyi obusinga ku bukulu bw'emboozi ze balina mu kibiina.

Ekibinja ky’Abakomunisiti mu Japan (JCP)

Abakugu mu by'enjigiriza ba Japaani batwala enkola y'enjigiriza okuba ekifo eky'okumeggana n'okuzaala abaana. Akakiiko kano kaziyiza okukolebwa kw'amasomero nga kasaba obuyigirize okuva mu sseseeba okutuuka mu yunivasite mu bujjuvu.

Ekiragiro kino kigaana abasomesa okuggyawo emisolo egitali gimu mu yunivasite zonna eza gavumenti, nga kiyongera obungi bw'omuwendo gw'abasomesa okukendeeza obunene bw'abayizi nga 25 oba ntono, era n'okuggyawo enkola "ssomero" esobozesa abazadde okulonda amasomero okuva ebweru wa disiturikiti. Ekiragiro kino kitendeka n'eby'emirembe ebisibuka mu ssemateeka awalala era ne kiziyiza okuyigirizibwa kw'oluyimba olw'eggwanga ("Kingayo") ne bendera ("HINKURO") nga ekiragiro ekya waggulu, nga kikakaatibwa nti amateeka gawandikiddwa ku bayizi.

Wadde nga ekitongole ekyo kirina ebifo bitono mu ggwanga eririna eby'okutuulamu eby'okunywa, kirina obuyinza bungi okuyitira mu gavumenti z'ensi ne kampuni nga zzabuliyo ne zikola mu Osaka, Kyoto, ne mu bibuga ebirala. Abatunzi ba JCP bataddewo programu z'essomero ez'emisana ku bwereere, era ne ku nkola ezikwata ku baana ab'omu siniya. Eby'obukwafu n'eby'obusimu byayo emirundi mingi biwaliriza ebibiina ebinene okugonjoola ensonga eziba tebyandisuubiddwa mu kifo kyabyo.

Nippon Ishin no Kai (Ekibiina eky’Okuzza Obuggya mu Japan)

Kyeyolekera mu Osaka, Nippon Ishin no Kai awagira enkyusa ez'obuyigirize n'ez'obuyigirize. Akakiiko kano kaasendedde okuggyawo obukiiko obufuga eby'enjigiriza era ne kawa meeya obuyinza obutereevu ku nteeko z'essente n'abayimbi b'essomero. Akabonero kano bwe kaakozesebwa mu Osaka nga kekaategese Gavana Hirofumi Yoshimura(aims) okwongera ku mutindo n'amaanyi gaakwo.

Nipton Ishin no Kai awagira enkola ez'obulagirizi n'obusobozi bw'abasomesa obw'okusiiga emirimu mu ssomero, n'obukodyo obw'okunnyikibwa mu lulimi Olungereza. By'afuula enkola ey'okukyusa ebifa ku bukulembeze bw'ekitongole eky'eby'enjigiriza (MESCT). Ebitongole by'eby'enjigiriza by'ekiwagizi bireese akakungo: obugattaganya bw'abasomesa n'abaziyiza obuwabuzi obw'amasaza bagamba nti okukyusiza obuyigirize obwa bulijjo era n'okufeereza obukola.

Wadde nga bavumirira nnyo, ekitongole kino kiwagidde ebibiina ebikola ogw'okukuba obululu mu Osaka okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu ngeri y'emu mu magye amalala nga Aichi ne Fukuoka. Ebyo bye kikoze biraga nti ebibiina by'eby'obufuzi eby'omu kitundu bisobola okukola nga laboola z'eby'enjigiriza.

Ekyukakyuka mu by’Enjigiriza Zikoleddwa

Abawagira eby’obufuzi n'eby’obufuzi nga bakuba akalulu mu nsi yonna, oba nga bayitira mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo n’abawagizi, oba nga bakolera wamu mu kibiina.

Ekyukakyuka mu Gavumenti mu 2009

Ekika kya Democratic Party ekya Japan (DPJ) kyatandika okufuga mu 2009, nga kimala emyaka egisukka mu ataano nga kirimu obufuzi obwa LDP obutagonjooka. DPJ yasuubiza okuteekawo enkola endala ey'eby'enjigiriza. Yatandikawo enkola y'abaana okusooka, eyakolebwa oluvannyuma lw'essomero, ey'okusomesa abaana mu misomo gya bwereere, era n'eyongera ssente eziva mu by'enjawulo eby'etaaweecwa. Kyokka, okuteeka ku DPJ'e Democraset's terikeerako, era n'ebinaawerebwa byayo bingi byagoberezebwa oluvannyuma lw'okuddayo mu buyinza bwa PDP mu 2012. Ekyageranyo kino kiraga engeri omuteesiteesi w'empulimu gye kiyinza okulemesa kuteekateeka obuyigirize obw'enjawulo.

Okuzza Obuggya mu Nkyukakyuka mu Gavumenti Ezaakolebwa

Mu myaka gya 2000 era ne mu 2010, LDP yakuba olukalala lw'eby'ebiruubirirwa eby'okuyingiza obukwasiro mu ttendekero lya Centre of Education. Mu mwaka gwa 2007, obukiiko bw'eby'enjigiriza bwakkirizibwa okutandikawo amasomero ku bukulembeze bwa buli kampuni, okufunira abakulu b'eby'empagisa, okugoba obuyimirimu obuzi, era n'okuteekamu embalirira ssente mu n'okuteeka ku nkola y'eby'embalirira y'obukulembeze bwa PLDP mu kifo kya gavumenti entono era nga bapikirizibwa abakulembeze ba Nippon Kai.

Ebitongole ebiziyiza byalabula nti okugattulula obuwangwa kuyinza okuleetawo enjawukana mu bitundu, kubanga bannassaayansi abagagga basikiriza abayigiriza n'eby'obugagga ebirala. Mu butuufu, okunoonyereza kulaga nti wabaddewo obutakkaanya mu by'enjigiriza wakati w'ebibuga n'ebyalo okuva ku nkyukakyuka ezoogerwa mu nsi. Obukuubagano buno wakati w'okwefuga n'okuteefuga kw'eggwanga bukyali buwanjufu nnyo mu by'obufuzi.

Okuyigirizibwa Emitindo gy’Empisa ng’Olutalo mu by’obufuzi

Zitono nnyo ensonga ezibadde nga zikwata ku bukuubagano bw'obuyigirize obw'emitindo gy'empisa mu 2018. LDP zaasendebwawo okuleetawo enkyukakyuka okukubiriza okwagala eggwanga n'okusanyusa abantu bonna, ng'ate abaziyiza baagivumirira nga baddayo mu kuyigirizibwa okukolebwa nga ssematalo tegunnatuuka. JCP ne CDP baatandikawo ebika by'okwekalakaasa era ne bakuba mu bitabo emitindo gy'eby'empisa egigobererwa ku ddembe ly'obuntu n'enkola ey'ensi yonna.

Ekyavaamu kyali kyewumbiddwako: Ministry of Education yawa obuyigirize bw'eggwanga ku by'empisa naye n'ekkiriza amasomero okumanyisa ebintu. Ebitabo kati bitwaliramu eby'okuyiga ku nsonga gamba ng'okulingana kw'ekikula, emitindo gy'obutonde n'ebibamba. N'okuteeka mu nkola ebiba bitegekeddwa okuva mu bitundu eby'enjawulo. Wadde kiri kityo, ab'ekibiina kya LDP abanyweredde ku ndowooza ez'enjawulo ez'eggwanga beeyongera okukaka ennyo endowooza y'eby'eggwanga, nga n'enkyukakyuka eziva mu by'enkola eyo.

Obuzibu Obuliwo Leero

Enkaayana ezikwata ku buyigirize bw’omu Japan zigobererwa nnyo.

Obuyigirize mu Mpisa n’Ebikwata ku Buwangwa

Okutongozebwa kwa [[NKUMBO:0] .dōku (obuyigirize obw'omu nsenga) mu 2018 kwali kukyusa kwa byafaayo. LDP kutwala ng'omukisa ogw'okukulaakulanya "omwoyo gw'Abajapani" n'okussa ekitiibwa mu b'obuyinza. Akakiiko kakubiriza okukubiriza okutongoola oluyimba lw'eggwanga n'okuyimusa obutuutifu ku mikolo gy'esso, naye nga wamaze dda okuleetawo akakunkuna. Okwawukana ku ekyo, CDP ne JCP kagamba nti okunoonyereza okw'eby'empisa ku buli ggwanga kusaanidde okussaako ebirowoozo ebikyamu [[[FLT:]] [FLT]]

Obukuubagano buno buddamu okubaawo naddala singa bannabyabufuzi bateekawo ekirowoozo eky'okulagira abayizi okuvunnamira ebifaananyi bya empula oba okwekenneenya ekiwandiiko ky'empewo ku by'enjigiriza.Ekibuuzo ng'ekyo kisalibwawo mu Diet naye nga kiraga nti abaana balina obuzibu obw'amaanyi mu by'obufuzi mu ggwanga.

Ebyuma mu Bizimbe

Ekiragiro kino kiwa obuyambi mu nteekateeka ya CHOVAD ne Komeito okusobozesa programu z'essomero okubunyisa enkola za kompyuta mu masomero, naye Japan esigala nga tekyakozesa nnyo eby'enkola za oKIYAMU mu nsi nnyingi eziri mu Edtech. ELDP ne Komeito baayisawo obuwagizi bwa CD, obuwandiisi obwa CDP ne JCP ne bussa essira ku ku kutendeka abayigiriza mu Digitalog pedagogy ne ku n'okulongoosa kwa Internet. Kyokka, LDP essira lissa ku ku kukozesa tekinologisi mu kusobozesa ebizimbe ebiteesiteesiteesiteesiteesi n'eby'eby'okufuga okusobola okusobozesa okutendeka abasomesa mu Division pergogygygy.

Ekitongole kya Nippon Ishin no Kai kye kiwa obulagirizi ku tekinologiya. Ekitongole ekyo kiwa amagezi nti singa abaana bakozesa nnyo obuyimbi bwa kompyuta okusobola okubayigiriza era n'okulabira ku mikutu gy'ebitabo, ekyo kiyinza okubaleetera okwongera ku buyigirize bwabwe.

Okukyusa Ebitundu by’Ensi N’Okusomesa Abangereza

Gavumenti zikkiriziganya ku bukulu bw'okukkuza abantu mu nsi yonna naye nga za njawulo ku ngeri gye zikolamu. LDP zikubiriza okugaba obuyigirize obwa waggulu era zisobozesa n'abaana abasoma Olungereza okwongera obutundutundu mu yunivasite. Mu bbanga lya Abe, gavumenti yateekawo ekiteeso eky'okutumbula abayizi nga 300,000 mu nsi yonna omwaka gwa 2020.20/a nga kyetaa ekiteeso, naye ekitongole kyeyongera.

CDP eteeka essira ku kukyusaamu kwa bayizi ab'omu Japan: baagala okweyongera okusomera mu nsi endala n'abasomesa abalala mu masomero ga gavumenti.

Okuluubirira Omulimu Omusomesa n’Okuluubirira Obumanyirivu

Ebbula ly'abasomesa eriba libateefu nnyo era nga balina okumalirawo ddala ssente eziba zisasulwa, nga n'okweraliikirira kungi, kiba kibi nnyo. Abagatte bonna bakkiriza ekizibu kino naye nga bakendeeza ku magezi. Ebiruubirirwa by'obujjanjabi ebikolebwa ku basomesa b'empandiika, ebibawaaweeze ebikola nga bassawo ebinaaweerwako ebinaaweerwako obunene, n'ebbeeba nga basinziira ku ttendekero lya kompyuta. CDP ne JCP byetaawerezebwa ku musaala, obunene bw'ebirimu n'obutundu obuva ku ssomero erimu obunene obunene obuva mu biwandikiro obuvaako obunene obwa sso.

Era ekitongole kya JCP kibalaze ekiwa amagezi ku kusalawo okw'eggwanga ku "ebbula ly'abasomesa ery'akabuliriririri" okugasa obutereevu embalirira y'eby'embalirira oba okukendeeza ku bisaanyizo ebiba by'okwetaagisa okugezesa, bye bavunaanibwa olw'okukola ekisusse. Okwawukana ku ekyo, Nippon Ishin no Kai ayagala okutandikawo enkola ey'omusaala ekkirizibwa ewandiisibwawo abayizi abayizi okufuna empeera eya ddala nga bwe kibawa amagezi agava mu bufumbo obuwa bw'obufumbo bw'abasomesa.[1]a obufumbo obubaavuzibwa obugamba obuwakanya ennyo.

Ebyafaayo mu Biseera eby’Omu Maaso: Okukyusa Endowooza n’Eby’Enjigiriza

Ebya bufuzi mu Japan byeyongera okusukkuluma, era obuyigirize bujja kusigalawo. Abawagizi abappya nga CDP ne Nippon Ihin no Kai, nga buli kimu kyeraga, okukendeera okw'abaana abali wansi wa 15 kukendedde. Omuwendo gw'abaana abali wansi wa kkumi n'ekitundu obukumi n'ekitundu bajja kukomyawo okusalawo okw'amaanyi ku ku kujjuzibwa kwa masomero, ku by'esasula, ne ku ebyo ebiyigirizibwa bye batwala ng'ebikulu.

Ekifo ekimu eky'endagaano y'ebipartistiki bwe buteesite mu kuyingiza obuyigirize n'okulabiriza abaana nga bakyali bato. Obuwangwa bwonna buwagira enkola eyakolebwa dda mu 2019 mu myaka 3 okutuuka ku 5, naye era nga n'abantu kinnoomu basobola okufuna ssente ezibasobozesa okugaziya programu.

Ensonga endala eyeeyongera kwe kuba nti amagezi agatali ga nyiiya gagattiddwa. LDP essa nnyo essira ku kukozesa AI mu kufuula abayigirize abe yekka era n'okukendeeza ku b'awuzi ezikwata ku basomesa, ng'abagwanga ku kkono beeraliikirira ebikwata ku sipiidi n'obutakolagana n'abantu.

fundikira

Ebiwayi bya bufuzi mu Japan byongedde ku nkola y'obuyigirize era bijja kweyongera okukola ku ngeri y'okukyusaamu enkola y'enjigiriza. Okuva ku kiseera kya Meiji okutuuka ku nkyukakyuka ezikolebwa oluvannyuma lwa lutalo, era ne ku nkola za demokulase, era ne ku kudda ku ttuluba erya DCP, buli nkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi ereeteeseteese n'eggula ku nkyukakyuka mu by'enjigiriza, era n'engeri abaana gye bayigamu mu Japan. Okussa essira ku mwoyo gwa ggwanga, Komeito essira ku ku ku kukmanya amatwale, CDP, CDP'sss special es syndixhective religiver ses systemist , ne Nippin Ishin ne kin'obukulembejja obw'okuvuganyanyanya obukulembedde mu Japan.

Abasomesa n'abakwasisa enkola eno, bwe bategeera engeri enjawukana gye ziyinza okugobererwamu, era nga n'enteekateeka y'enjawukana y'enjawukana, kwe kugamba, obuwabyo obuva mu mpisa n'obuyigirize obw'ensi yonna. Ebibuuzo ebibawo ku buyigirize, eby'enkola ya Japan, n'eby'obusomesa mu nsi yonna bijja kunnyonnyola obuyigirize bwa Japan okumala amakumi g'emyaka. Okutegeera obukulembedde tekulina buyigirize buyigirize; kikulu nnyo eri omuntu yenna ayagala okwenyigira mu kutereeza mulembe oguddako ogwa Japan.