Ensibuko y’Endowooza ey’Okusooka Okuwandiikibwa

Emirandira gy'obukabakaba gyava dda ku bulombolombo obwasooka ne gibusingako abalabirizi. Omulamuzi Antonin Scalia bwe yaleetawo endowooza y'okukulembera amateeka ga Amereka, obufirosoofo bwesigama ku bulombolombo bw'omu Anglo-America. Abalamuzi abasooka baakwata amateeka ag'edda baakwataganyanga "amakulu ag'olubereberye" g'amateeka n'amateeka nga bagamba nti obutasobola kuziyiza kukwata misango. Mu United States, omulembe ogwatandikawo gwagwo gwakubagasa okuwakanya engeri kkooti ez'omu biseera eby'omu maaso gye ziyinza okunnyonnyola Amateeka. James Madison, nga awandiika mu , Faderast.[3][FLT][FLT][FM][ogmentedman], yakkiriza obuzibu mu ku kunnyonnyola amakulu g'ennyiriri ezo ezaakirimu. Ate era ne ku ebyo ebisaanyizo ebimenyebwa mu [Fose".

Mu kyasa ekya 19, kkooti za Amerika zaajulizanga nnyo ensonga ezikwata ku bawandiisi nga zigonjoola ebibuuzo mu mateeka. Omulamuzi omukulu John Marshall kye yalowoozanga mu Marbury v. Madison (1803] yannyonnyolanga nti amateeka ga 'Gyratic' gaalimu obukoddyo obukugira mu kutegeera entegeka. Oluvannyuma, mu MCulloch v. Maryland (18) [18:19]), Marshall yeenyigidde mu kunoonyereza okutaputa okw'amakulu mu bukulembeze kwa Kkomero okugo. Ebyo ebyasooka tebyalina kakwate ku bikwata ku buko obwo obwalibwa "oristory," naye byatandikawo obulombolombo obwasooka obwamumumuwatuuti obwe.

Ku ntandikwa y'ekyasa ekya 20, abanoonyereza ku by'amateeka baawakanya obulombolombo buno nga bagamba nti abalamuzi baaleetawo emitindo gy'empisa egya bulijjo mu kunnyonnyola kw'amateeka. Kkooti eyo gye baasinziira okuwanirira amaanyi g'ensi yonna mu nnukuta entono ennyo wansi w'ennukuta z'eby'obusuubuzi ne ku nsonga z'obutebenkevu. Abasambajja enkola ya New Deal, nga mw'otwalidde n'abakugunjufu, baatandika okunnyonnyola engeri enzivunuzi gye yayanukulamu. Bagamba nti Kkooti Kkooti yali eresezza obutuufu ensonga z'amateeka awatali kugoberera nkola ya demokulase.

Abaalwanirira Enzikiriza y’Omu Bunnabbi mu Nnaku n’Okutandika kw’Enkuŋŋaana z’Ekiseera Kino

Ekibiina ekyatandikibwawo mu 1970 ne 1980, ekyabuna ku butaba na kutegeera kwa Warren ne Burger Court okusobola okusaddaaka eddembe ly'obuntu. Omuyivu mu by'amateeka Robert Bork[ yayamba mu kufulumya ebitundu ebiwa endowooza nti okunnyonnyola amateeka okulina okuziyizibwa ku ntegeera kwa Baibuli okwasooka. Bork teyakkiriza ndowooza nti abalamuzi basobola okuzuula eddembe erya nnamaddala eririna okukyusiza ku buwagizi obwa bulijjo oba okuzza ebiragiro ebigendera ku nkyukakyuka mu nsonga ezikwata ku nfuna.

Omulamuzi Jaciam Rehnquist, eyalondebwa mu kkooti enkulu mu 1971 era n'agulumizibwa okuba omulamuzi Omukulu mu 1986, era yafuna endowooza ey'edda mu ndowooza enkulu. Roe v. [1973]], Rehnst addiat', ategeeza nti abantu abasinga obungi tebawagira mu mateeka okuggyamu tteeka lya Katonda okuggyamu embuto mu nteeyisa ey'ekkuminayiri. [FLT:] Mu ngeri eyo, okugaana okwasooka, yafuuka ekiteesobo kya kikoo mu ngeri nti, ekyasooka ekyakkookko kyayo eky'okusigibwa. Revterristrice, nga tekkiri mu n'enkola eyo gye yakkirizibwa, mu kusooka ne mu kifo eky'okukkooteeyisaamu.[FLT.[FLT.'enkola eyo gy'eba nga babadde babadde babadde baasayo.

Abafuzi beeyongera mu myaka gya 1980 nga baagala abalamuzi abanyweredde ku nkola y'enkola eyo. Attorney Edwin Meese III yawa emboozi mu 1985 ku Tulane University, ng'asaba "bulombolombo ku kigendererwa ekyasooka." Meese yagamba nti amakulu g'Amateeka gaateekebwa mu nkyukakyuka ez'enjawulo era nti abalamuzi baasukka obuyinza bwabwe bwe baava ku makulu ago. Obubaka obwali busimbye ebigambo byakaasasa nti, Justice William Brennan bweyaddamu nti enjigiriza y'ekitongole ekyasooka yali "eyoleka obwetoowaze." Kino kyakyusiza ku bigambo by'omu mateeka okutaputa abantu mu mulembe.

Enkyukakyuka mu Kukyusa Ebiri mu Mbaluwa

Enjigiriza eyo we yakoma mu 1980, enfumo lw'ennyanjula yaleetera okubuna mu ndala. Abayivu nga Randy Barnett[[FL:1] era ne Lawson] Gearson[ baatwala nti enjigiriza ey'omu sooka erina okukozesebwa ku "amakulu agasooka" g'ebiwandiiko bya printal tractive mu kifo ky'ebiwandiiko bya buli muntu kinnoomu. Kino kyakyusa endowooza eno n'ewandisizzaamu ennukuta ez'enjawulo ku ngeri gye zitegeeramu ebigambo. Kino kyasobozesa kitya abalamuzi okuzuula ennukuta nkumi na nkumi na zinne wa ratifiers? Okunnyonnyola mu bantu abamu okutegeera amakulu agali mu kiseera eky'okutegeera amakulu g'empalagiro. Kino kyaleetera ekiragiro okumanyisaamu amakulu g'okukyusaamu ku ngeri ezikwatagana n'enkola ya tractive.

Omulamuzi Scalia n’Omulamuzi Akyusa Obulamu Bwe

Omulamuzi Antonin Scalia bwe yalondebwa mu kkooti enkulu mu 1986, yaleetawo enkyukakyuka mu ndowooza y'omukulembeze w'ekitongole ekyo. Scalia teyakoma ku kuleeta bukulu bwa kutegeera na buwandiike kyokka naye era n'asalawo okunywerera ku nkola ze ezaasooka okukolebwa mu mateeka okuyita mu buli nsonga. Ebibuuzo bye ebyajulizibwa ku bufirosoofo bwe obwamunnyonnyola, nga biraga nti enjigiriza y'obulombolombo obwasooka yali etuuse ku kakwate ksalaze ak'emisango.

Empandiika ya Scalia yali ya njawulo mu ngeri nnyingi. Esooka, yaggumiza enzivuunula y'amakulu g'ebigambo mu nnyinyonnyola ekwatagana n'amateeka, nga agamba nti abalamuzi basaanidde okutunuulira amakulu g'ebigambo ebyateekebwawo Conset mu kifo ky'okussaawo amateeka oba ebigendererwa bya gavumenti. United States v. Taylor [1987]), Scalia yawandiika nti "tweetwaliisiddwa amateeka, so si kigendererwa kya mapulitiverigi." Ekiragiro kino kyakwata ku mateeka kikwata ku nsonga y'enkola ye ey'omutindo.

Ekyokubiri, Scalia teyakkiriza nti amateeka gaamu gayinza okuva mu nnyinyonnyola y'amateeka nga gagoberera ennyinnyonnyola y'ebiragiro. Mu 1997, ekitabo Ekitaasa eky'okunnyonnyola amakulu g'ebigambo, Scalia yawakanya nti Amateeka ge "amateeka" mu ngeri eya bulijjo, nga kitegeeza nti ebigambo byago birina amakulu agatajjulukuka. Yalaga enjawulo wakati w'okutegeeza nti abalamuzi be baliko be bateekwa okukolera ku makulu agali mu kunnyonnyola amakulu agamu.

Ekyokusatu, Scalia yakwataganya enkola y'okussaawo amateeka mu ngeri abamu abeewuunya. Enjawulo gye yaleetawo mu Morrison v. Olson (1988) yagamba nti etteeka eryabwe ku buwagizi lyagaana okuyawula obufuzi bw'amateeka obwava mu ntegeera y'okubiri ey'edda. Learth of Columbia v. [2008], Scalia yawandiika endowooza y'omuntu yenna okutegeera eddembe ly'okusiir'okusitula, okusobozesa okunoonyereza ku makulu g'ebyuma ebifuga mu n'okunoonyereza ku nsonga ey'okubiri. Ekiragiro kirowoogeranyirizaamu mu [FLT:][FLT][FLD][FFF5]] [empalateenyi eyo ereeteeta akabonesebwa mu n'ennumbe, okunoonyereza mu n'ensonga ey'ensonga ey'ennyago, n'ensonga enkulu ejulirimu, n'ennya engeri y'ennu.

Endowooza ya Scalia yamanyibwa okusinga ye. Yatendeka omulembe gw'ababakabaka ba mateeka abaafuuka abalamuzi, baprofessor, n'abawagizi b'amateeka. Emboozi ze n'ebiwandiiko bye ebyamanyibwa ennyo mu kunnyonnyola kwa bannamateeka aba bulijjo. Ekiseera we yafiira mu 2016, enjigiriza ez'obukaanyi zaava ku ndowooza y'abalaguzi ne zifuuka enfuze. N'abawakanya enjigiriza za Baibuli ezaasooka zaatwalanga obutuufu mu nzikiriza ya Scalia.

Endowooza Entuufu Ekwata ku Lukiiko Olukulu olw’Abayudaaya

Mu kiseera kye kyonna, Scalia yeegatta ku bawagizi ba "bunnateekamu puligaant" mu kusengeka kw'amateeka, akkiriza nti amakulu g'amateeka gajjawo mu nkyukakyuka z'abantu. Omulamuzi Brennan, Justice Thurfall Marshall, era oluvannyuma Judge Thoreast Stephen Breyer yannyonnyola endowooza eno, ng'agamba nti enjigiriza y'enzikiriza y'enzikiriza ya Katonda eyinza okusaanyawo amateeka ga amateeka ku mitendera 18 mu kikumi era n'eremesa Kkooti Kkooti ewawa abantu obutabaako ky'ensonga gye beegoberezza. Scaliawa gavumenti z'ensirimu zaawawawawawa endowooza eno nga zisobola okuteeka mu nkola eya demokulasenti eya demokulase.

Okuweereza Katonda mu Ddiini Oluvannyuma lw’Okwaŋŋanga: Kkooti ya Roberts n’Ebiri Wadde nga Si Waddeyo

Omulamuzi Scalia yabuuza ebibuuzo ebikwata ku mukulembeze w'eggwanga lya Bulagirizi obwasooka ku kkooti ey'oku ntikko. Omukulembeze w'eggwanga Donald Trump okulonda Omulamuzi Neil Gor [ mu 2017], nga bigobererwa omusango [[[FLT:]] Brett Kavaugh[ mu 2020], nga gugobererwa omusango gugenda gusalaze ne gulina okulagibwa ne Kkootikko awractive [[FLT:], naye nga buli kimu ku byo kyoleka nti ddala kyali kituukiriza obweyamo ku nkola ey'okunoonyereza.

Omulamuzi Clarence Thomas, eyasinga okukomyawo obuwanvu mu kkooti ekola ku ntandikwa, yasindikira amateeka ag'okugoberera enzivuunvu. Thomas yawagidde okuddiŋŋana empandika ez'enjawulo eziva ku makulu ag'edda, nga mw'otwalidde n'ebitundu nga mu nteekateeka ey'eby'obusuubuzi. United States b. Lopez [1995] [195]), Thomas yawandiika ku nsonga eziwakanya nti ekikongojjedwa kya Kkooti kya Kkooti jurispulprance kibuukidde ddala n'amakulu ag'amakulu ag'omu . [[FLT:] Mu n' Dnocradale. mu lukumbo lwa [FLT] (2010) olusooka, yateeka mu n'okuwakanya okumanyisa okwawukana ku ku ku kutegeera okw'enkola ya Immu, era ne kugimu.

Omulamuzi Gorth ataddeko essira ku ngeri ebigambo gye bikwataganamu n'obulombolombo obwasooka. Endowooza ye mu mbeera nga Bostock v. Clayton County (2020), gye yeegatta ku abasinga obungi abaali batwala ebigambo ebyo nga omutwe VII gye gugaana okusosola abantu mu ngeri ey'okwetaba oba mu ngeri ey'ekikulaakulaakulaakulanwa, eraga nti okunoonyereza ku nnyiriri kuyinza okuvaamu ebiva mu ku bannasayansi abaasooka kyewunzi. Gor'akkukkukkusi mu kukkusiikiriza endowooza eyo: okukkiriza amakulu agasooka ag'olulimi olutuufu olw'okututikkirizibwa kiyinza okuleetera abo abawandisizza obukugufu mu nsonga eyo okweyongera okukubaganya?

Omulamuzi ayitibwa Barrett, eyaliko omukozi w'amateeka mu Scalia, yawandiika ku ngeri gye yayigamu enkola. Mu 2017, Barrett yagamba nti, olubereberye tekisaanidde kutwalibwa nga "nga n'ekyama okukozesebwa. Abakozi bakkirizibwa okusuubira nti Amateeka gaamukoonyezaamu mu ngeri ezimu, naye abataputa bye bategeeza ebiwandiikiddwa, so si enkola ze baali basuubira. Enjawulo esobozesa abasookebwawo okugoberera emisingi gya mateeka ku tekinnansi empya era n'embeera ne batalekawo bumalirivu bwabwe okutereeza amakulu gaagyo.

Okusookera Ddala mu Kkooti Eza Wansi

Endowooza y'okutandikira ku njigiriza z'ekiwayirizaako era yeeyongera obungi mu kkooti z'okujuliramu. Okufaananako William Prywor ow'Emitujju, Don Willett[ ow'Olusenyi olwa taano olw'enfunda, ne [[FLT]] Lawrence VanDke[ ku kitongole Ninth kikola mu nkyukakyuka eza bulijjo mu ndowooza zaabwe. , ekitongole kya 'Foderation Society', ekikkiriza enkola eyo okuzza obutuufu obw'ensengeke. Abawakanya ekyo bawakanya enkola eya Keesobolsootaawo mu ngeri ey'okugikyusaamu mu n'okunnyonnyola endowooza zaabwe ez'enkola mu ngeri ey'enkola y'emu.

Okubuusabuusa n’Okuvumirira Ebibaawo mu Kiseera eky’Omu Maaso

Enjigiriza eyo eyoleka okusoomoozebwa okutali kumu okuva eri abeekenneenya n'abalamuzi. Ekisooka, abanoonyereza nti enjigiriza y'okutandikira ku ntandikwa teyinza kutuukiriza kye esuubiza. Okusobola okutegeera amakulu g'enkola eyo eyasooka, abalamuzi kibeetaagisa okulonda ensibuko ki ez'ebyafaayo ze bawandiise era n'engeri y'okwekenneenya obujulizi obw'enjawulo. Omulamuzi Breyer, mu kitabo kye , ascrive Liberty[, nga bawakanya nti enjigiriza eyo mu kusooka ezingiramu okwekwekereza ebintu nga basinziira ku byafaayo. Abawabuvugivugizza ku nsonga zino, bagamba nti, okusoosa obutuufu kwe kuba nga kiwandikiro eky'okwekenneewa.

Ekyokubiri, abakugu abamu bagamba nti enjigiriza egamba nti tteeka lirina kukozesebwa nga bwe liba nga lirina okusumululwa. Abakozi baalyo bennyini baali tebagala nti Amateeka gatandike nga bwe kitegeeza. Basuubira emilembe egyandizze gigyungibwako okusobola okutuukanya emisingi n'embeera n'egyo. Abawagizi b'enjigiriza eno baakwataganya endowooza y'enkola y'amateeka n'enkola y'enkola ey'okuggula ebigambo nga "ekiro mu nkola ekolebwa oba mu kubonero olw'ekiragiro ekyo," nga bagamba nti ebigambo bino bisemba okutaputa okutaputa. Abataputa endowooza nti abako bakkirizisaamu ebigambo bitegeeza nti ebiwandikiddwa okuba n'amakulu era nti n'olulimi olupya luteekwa okumanyibwa mu byafaayo.

Ekyokusatu, abanoonyereza ku bintu eby'edda bagamba nti okussaawo ebiwandiiko tekiyinza kuba nga kyabereberye. Kkooti enkulu esazeewo ebikumi n'ebikumi by'emisango egivudde ku makulu gaayo ag'edda. Okugoberera enkola eyo kyetaagisa okusiiga ebitundu bingi ku nsonga eziragiddwa mu sooka, okuleetawo obutakkaanya n'okuviirako abantu obutassa kitiibwa mu by'omwoyo. Abamu bawa endowooza ez'enjawulo: abamu bagamba nti okuteekawo ekyokulabirako kirina okubeera n'amakulu ag'enkola nga bukyali, nga baddiŋŋana obukyasifu ebintu ebibadde bigobeetaanye.

Eky'okuna, okutandikira ku nkyukakyuka kisoberwa okugonjoola ebibuuzo ebireetebwawo amateeka nga bannasayansi bye batasobola kusuubira. Tekinologiya ow'ekika kino gamba ng'okwekenneenya engeri za kompyuta, okukebera enzivuunula za mu butonde, n'okunoonyereza ku ngeri gye zikolebwamu, awatali kutegeera makulu agaliwo. Abakugunjaamu bagamba nti amateeka ga Katonda gandigoberedde ekigendererwa kya bantu, gasobola okugonjoola enkyukakyuka empya. Okusobola okukuuma "eddembe ery'okwogera," okusobola okukozesebwa ku Internet nga tebeetaagisa kuba na kumanya butereevu oba nga tebeetaagisa kuba na kumanya makulu gaamu. Abasosoozesezza ku nsonga eyo bagamba nti okutaataasaawo enkola ya Katonda.

Enjigiriza y'Ekiyinja n'Enkola z'Ebigambo

Endowooza y'abayivu ekyuse nnyo mu ngeri gye batwalamu enkyukanya mu myaka asatu egiyise. Kati amasomero g'amateeka gayigiriza enkola ez'enjawulo, era n'abayivu abatutumufu nga Randy Barnett[[, [[[FLT:]] Michael McConnell[FL] [FLT]], [[FLT]] awadde obuyigirize obwa waggulu, [[FLT], [[FLT] era [FF] olukya bulijjo] n'ongera mu kunoonyereza ku nsonga z'amateeka. [FFFFFOLT] [F]

Ekiragiro [[NKULU] ekifuga eggwanga mu Philadelphia kifuuse ekitebe kya 'Enzigi n'enjigiriza ez'edda', empaka ez'enjawulo, okukuba empalana, okubunyisa ebintu ebigattika, n'okukyusiza abakugu okuva mu bitundu ebirala. projekiti yaakyo "Etteeka erikola ennyo" ewawula endowooza ku buli lukalala lw'amateeka, nga mw'otwalidde n'ennyinnyonnyola z'abamu ebyasooka. Ekiragiro kino kiyambye enkyusa y'obulombolombo okusigala nga kinywerezza amagezi nga n'enkaanyinyo mu bya bya bufuzi bwe zeeyongedde.

Obusobozi bw'okuyingiza n'obulombolombo bukoma ku mukolo ne ku biwandiiko bya mateeka . Ebibiina ebiwandiikiddwa mu by'amateeka gamba nga Pactified Legical Foundation[ era era [FLT:] Kino kifulumya [Puntact] mu kkooti z'amateeka [[[FLT:]] ne kiragiramu empandika eza gavumenti ez'edda eziwakanya gavumenti, naddala ezo eza Riphabliki, ebiziwandiikibwa mu n'empaka ez'enfunze. Kino kifulumya ebijulirwa mu kkooti ezisooka.

Ebiseera eby’Omu Maaso eby’Okulowooza ku Nkalakkalira

Endowooza nti ebintu byasooka byatondebwa zisinziira ku nsonga eziwerako. Ekisooka, okukolebwa kwa kkooti enkulu kujja kukyusa engeri emisingi gyayo gye gisalawo ku bintu ebya bulijjo.

Eyokubiri, okukaayana mu nyinyonnyola z'abayivu mu ntandikwa kujja kukwata ku kukulaakulana kwakwo. Ekibiina "tsvaism" kiwa enjawulo wakati w'okutaputa n'okuzimba nga kigamba nti ebiwandiiko ebyasooka bisalawo amakulu g'amateeka naye nga bisobozesa abantu okwongera okutegeera enjigiriza ez'ekika kya Baibuli. Abaasooka bagamba nti enjigiriza eyo tesaanidde kuba n'amateeka aga bulijjo aga bulijjo, era nti enjigiriza y'omu mateeka esobola okubeera n'ebigikongobereberye nga gago.

Ekyokusatu, okugattika ebiwayi bya bantu n'ebyobufuzi n'enkola y'okusibuka mu nnyanjula zijja kukyusa obuyinza bwabyo. Enjigiriza ez'ekikaadi zifuuse omutwe omukulu mu mpaka z'eby'obufuzi ezikwata ku kulonda abalamuzi. Abasawo babuusabuusa obanga baagala okunywerera ku kulonda enkola ze baasooka okulonda, era n'okukakasa nti enkola eno ey'obufuzi ekakasa nti enjigiriza y'obulombolombo ejja kusigala nga y'emitwe gya bantu bonna, naye era era nti n'okukyusa endowooza ya Katonda mu kusooka eyinza okukendeezebwa ku bigambo ebigendera ku mateeka.

Eky'okuna, enkola y'okusikirizibwa mu buwandiike ejja kulaga obanga kiyinza okugonjoolwa. Ebibuuzo ebikwata ku kumanyibwa mu bya kompyuta mu kiseera kino, engeri obuwagizi gye bufugamu mu by'obutunzi, n'obugunjufu bw'ensi mu ngeri ez'enjawulo obuteesigamizibwa ku bannabyabusuubuzi, byonna byetaagibwa mu ngeri y'okumanyisa. Singa abakugu baasooka bavumbula eby'okuddamu ebimatiza eby'ennamba, obufirosoofo bujja kukuuma obuyinza bwabwo. Singa empagibwawoosiya z'obuwandikiro bulabika nga bukontana n'ebyo abantu bye basuubira, enkola eno eyinza okubuvaamu enjvumbo obuteesigaliddemu.

Okusookera Ddala mu Gavumenti n’Eby’Obufuzi

Ekimu ku bintu ebikulu ennyo ebikolebwa mu nkyusa ya Baibuli eyaliwo mu kiseera kino kwe kuba nti waliwo endowooza ey'enjawulo ku mateeka agaba gategekeddwawo . Abalabbi n'abayigi baayivu mu nkyusa za Baibuli ez'eddabutonde babuusabuusa obwannannyini obw'enkola ya Kiwandiiko kino, nga bagamba nti Consement tesobola kusigira bankanizo ez'okussaawo amatwale aga gavumenti awatali kusukka ku misingi gya mateeka. Omulamuzi Gormoctive'ak'okukolagana mu Gyv. United States (2017) yawanjula nti ekibiina ekitali kikkiriza enkola ya bannaakye mu kkooti z'amateeka naye nga tezikkiriza buyinza kussaawo ab'obuyinza mu mateeka, era n'ensonga zino zisobola okuzza enkaluuzibwa mu kkooti enkulu mu kkooti enkulu. Ekko

Enjigiriza enkulu ekwetaagisa Akakiiko akakola ku nsonga z'eby'enfuna ne by'obufuzi, era ereetera abantu okutongoza ekiwandiiko ku nsonga z'eby'enfuna n'eby'obufuzi, era eteeka ku misingi egyava ku ntandikwa. Abalamuzi ab'omu kkooti enkulu baawakanya West Virginia v. EPA (2022) yagoberera enjigiriza eno okukugira obuyinza bw'ekitongole eky'obutonde okuteeka mu kabuboni y'omukka oguvaako omukka oguva mu omukka gwa gramu. Abalamuzi ab'ekitongole baasooka baawakanya nti enjigiriza eno erhwanyaanyiriza ekifo ekya tteeka ekyasooka eky'obuyinza ku gavumenti mu kifo ky'obukulembeze.

Olufundikira: Eky’Obusika eky’Olubereberye

Okuva ku kusengeka ebigambo okwasooka okwakolebwa Robert Bork ne William Rehnquist okuyitira mu Justice Scalia, endowooza y'abalamuzi abaasooka ezza etteeka lya Amereka mu bufunze. Obufirosoofo butadde essira ku bwesigwa bw'ebiwandiiko, ebyafaayo, n'ekangaanya eby'amateeka, ne kkomo mu ngeri endala ez'amaanyi mu kifo ky'okugoberera amateeka n'enkola endala ez'enkyukakyuka. N'abakuukuuti n'enjigiriza za Baibuli zikkiriza nti ennyimirira mu magezi n'empandika yaago ku ntuufu y'enjigiriza za Ssekukkulu.

Ekizibu ekisigalawo mu nnyanjula y'obufirosoofo kwe kunywerera ku buwandiike bwayo obw'enkola zonna naye nga batuukiriza enzivuunula za mateeka ez'omu kiseera kino. Abakugu mu by'edda balina okweyongera okulongoosa enkola zaabwe, okwegatta ku byafaayo, era n'okuziyiza obukulembedde obutakkaanya wakati w'amakulu g'enjigiriza n'enkyukakyuka ezaagonjookebwawo. Obufirosoofo obwo bwesigamye ku busobozi bwabwo obw'okuvvuunula empandiika n'ennyinyonnyonnyola ematiza enzivvu okusinziira ku nkola y'amateeka era n'ewandisizza abakugufu okussibwamu omutwe, abalamuzi, n'abantu bonna.

Omulamuzi Scalia yateranga okugamba nti enjigiriza egamba nti eddiini terina kakwate konna na mutawaana gwonna, mu nnyinnyonnyola eya bulijjo, teri ntuufu naye era tekkirizibwa nnyo n'okusinga ebyo ebiyinza okusobozesa abalamuzi okuba n'amagezi agangi. Okulwanirira obwetwaze olubereberye kiyinza okusingira ddala okuba eky'enkalakkalira: ekitujjukiza nti mu demokulase, amakulu g'etteeka erya pulistitution galina kutegese abo abagikkiriza, so si abo abagituulako ku ntebe entebe. Enjigiriza ya Baibuli eyasooka ne baginnyonnyola obutakkaawukanya zireme okusobola okusigala nga ziwa obukakafu obutuufu eri abakulembeddwa abayivugibwa abanoonyereza n'abalamuzi abagoberera ebigobega eby'ebiragiro bya Scalia.

  • Ensibuko y'obusosoze mu matwale ga Amerika ne mu kunoonyereza okw'ekinaana
  • Ebyo Robert Bork ne William Rehnquist bye baayamba mu kukyusa endowooza y’abakugu mu kiseera kino
  • Omulamuzi Scalia anoonyereza ku ngeri empandiika gy’ekozesebwamu era n’engeri gye yakwatamu ensonga ku kkooti ey’oku ntikko
  • Enjigiriza y’obutakkiriza okuyitira mu kkooti ya Roberts era n’obukugu bwa Clarence Thomas, Neil Gorth, ne Amy Coney Barrett
  • Ebibuuzo eby'omunda ebikwata ku makulu g'abantu bonna, enkola gye kisuubirwa mu kusooka, n'ekifo ekigobererwa
  • eky'okugattika n'eky'obufuga n'enjigiriza etakkiriza buwandiisi
  • Ebitongole ebiwagira omulimu gw'okunoonyereza n'obuyigirize

Okusobola okwongera okusoma, laba Okumanya amakulu g'ensonga[[FLT:] (Princeton University Press, 1997]), Randy Barnett's [ [Kivumenti ekiba kinyonyooseddwa] Constitution[[FLT:]] [[FLT:]] [FOLT]]] [FOLT]] [2004]] [2004]] [200]), ne 'Steekateeka ekiwandiiko' ekisinziiro [[[FLT] ekitegekebwa protofayiro mu bukolo, ekikkirizibwa okuzza tteeka ne ku k'aka 'buttuuti:[FLT][FFLT][10][F]]