Okutegeera Obulungi Ebikwata ku Ssente

Abaguzi bwe boolekagana n'obukuubagano mu by'ensimbi nga bawaanyizibwa ku kaadi y'ebbanja (8:0]] era nga bafunye obukujjukujju mu nsonga z'amateeka era nga bafunye obukujju. Abaguzi bwe baawulibwawo olukunkumulirwa olw'ebbanja lya kaadi ez'omu U.S., oba okusasula amabanja ku nsonga eziteetegekebwawo, oba omusingi gwa gavumenti ogufuga mu mateeka gulina okunyanyisa omuntu obulamu, eddembe oba ebintu, nga bigoberera enkola esaanira mu ttabi ly'eby'eby'eby'enfuna, kino kitegeeza nti abaguzi balina okufuna omulimu ogumala era ne baweebwa omukisa okubaako kye beewowoolekawo.

Ekiragiro bwe kiba tekikyetaagisa kuteeka buli mateeka mu nnukuta emu mulamba, byetaagisibwa byawukana okusinziira ku nnyiriri eziriraanyewo. Mu butategeeragana bw'eby'ensimbi, empaka zino zitera okuzingiramu eddembe ly'amaguzi.[1] Ssente, amabanja, akawunta, oba obusobozi bw'okufuna ennyumba oba emirimu. Singa tewabaawo nteekateeka ezitaasaanidde, abaguzi bayinza okusalirwawo olukwe, oba abasolooza amabanja oba abawaaweya oba abatongole kya gavumenti. Ekitundu kino kikebera engeri enkola y'okukuumamu abaguzi, n'okulondooza etteeka eribakugira okukola, era n'enkola y'abantu kinnoomu esobola okuba nga bawagidde.

Entegeka y’Olukiiko Olukulu ey’Ebiragiro

Sseent Process Claus ku Amereka ow'okutaano ekola ku gavumenti y'ensi yonna, ng'ate olunyiriri olw'erya 14 luwa obukuumi bwe bumu eri gavumenti ne gavumenti z'omu kitundu. Olupapula luno lulina ebitundu bibiri eby'enjawulo: oluwandikiro olutuufu olw'ensonga [, olukwata ku ngeri y'okusalawo mu ngeri esaanira, era olulina obukwakulizo obwo obufuga emirimu egisaanira, obusobola okukukuuma eddembe eririna okutakkusigibwa ne gavumenti. Mu bukunkanyisiro ez'eby'eby'eby'enfuna, n'okutumbula ebizingirwamu, n'ebiragiro bisobola okuziyitibwa mu ngeri y'amateeka oba mu ngeri egobeegobeemu, naye nga ku mateeka oba amateeka agatalimu gagobeegobeegobeegobeddwawo ku n'eby'eby'eby'eby'enfuna.

Kkooti enkulu ey'omu Amerika etaddewo enteekateeka ennyangu okutegeera mu mbeera gye kibaamu. Mathews v. Eldiridge[[FLT:]] (197). Kkooti essaawo ensonga ssatu: (1) okwetaaza kwa nnamba kwa gavumenti okukwatibwako olw'enkola; (2) akabi ak'okukendeeza ku nteekateeka ezikoleddwa okuyitira mu nkola ezikolebwa, era n'omuwendo gw'obuteeyambi obw'ebiteebeerekebwa mu nkola endala; ne (3) amagoba ga gavumenti, nga mw'otwalidde n'emitendera emirala egiyinza okukolebwa mu nkola y'amakubo agatali ga gavumenti gye gikola. Okugaba tekukkiriza kutuukiriza mu nsonga ezikwata ku buyambi bwa gavumenti, naye era kuyinza n'okukyusa mu ngeri enkiiko za gavumenti gye zikolamu mu ngeri envumbo.

Historical Roots: Goldberg v.Kelly and the Welfare Context

Ekimu ku bintu ebisala ku nkola eziragibwa ku kyo, Goldberg v. Kelly (70), yagamba nti nga tannamalawo miganyulo gy'obulungi, gavumenti eteekwa okuwa oyo gw'ewandisizza obuwagizi obwa bulijjo. Omusango bwe guba gukwata ku buzibu bwa gavumenti, endowooza yagoolekawo ku nsonga ezikwata ku by'ensimbi. Kkooti ekakasa nti omuntu yenna alina ky'afuna obulungi obulungi bw'obulungi bw'asobola okufuna, ate n'olw'ensonga eyo, okuwuliriza obulungi kulina okuba nga tannamalako awetaaga okubulwa. musingi guno gugaziyimirimu, nga mw'okugula ebisalebwa n'amabanja, okufiirwa ssente, oba okugula ebintu mu maka, byandibadde bya kabi. Okuva bwe kibadde nga kyategekebwa, kkooti ebaddeko n'okuwulira ku by'okuwulira mu bwangu.

Enkola y’Eby’Eby’Eby’Eby’Enfuna Eba Egwana Okukolebwa

Okuwandiika Ebifa ku Bbangi n’Okukuuma FCRA

[[NKULA:0] Fair Creening Act (FCRA) y'emu ku mateeka agasingirayo ddala obukulu mu gavumenti agateeka emisingi egigobererwa mu by'ensimbi y'abaguzi. 'FCRA'etaaga ebitongole ebiwandiisa ebisale eby'okugula ssente okusobola okugoberera enkola ezimala okukakasa nti ebifa ku muguzi by'omutawaanya bituufu. Singa omuguzi abaako ky'awumbaawula ku lipoota ye ey'ekbanja, KRA alina okukebera mu nnaku 30 eziddako n'okutegeeza oyo agaba w'ebiragiro. Omuntu bw'azuula ebirengo, ebireeteeba ebituufu biteekwa okutereezebwa oba okuggyibwawo.

Obukulembezi buno buwa abaguzi eddembe erya bulijjo okusoomooza obubaka obutali butuufu . 'FCRA' era kisobozesa abaguzi okuteeka fayiro eza bulijjo mu buteefu oba ez'okumenya amateeka mu bugenderevu. Ng'ekyokulabirako, singa ekiwandikiro CRA kigaana okuddamu okuzza obuggya oba okubuusa amaaso obujulizi obulaga ensobi, abaguzi bayinza okugulibwa ne baweebwa ebbeeyi yennyini, era ne ssente ezisabibwa ba munnamateeka.

Nga bwe kitabawo lipoota nyingi ezaakolebwa ku buli kika, 'FCRA' kiba kya kutegeeza bantu nti ebiba bizingirwamu biteekwa okunnyonnyolwa nga kyesigamye ku lipoota ey'ebbanja(g....w'oyo agula ssente atalizigulirawo kimala kuba na linnya, ndagiriro, ne ssimu. Ekiragiro kino kisobozesa abaguzi okukakasa obutuufu bw'obanga owaddeyo, era bwe kiba kyetaagisa, singa tekimwetaagisa kutandika butamanyako. nnyini ssente bw'agula ssente ng'ezo aba tayinza kumanya nsobi ze zizzeewo oba okutereeza ebyo ebizirimu.

Ebinaakuyamba: Okuwakanya Ekiwandiiko Kyo

Okutendeka obusobozi obutuufu obw'omulimu wansi wa FCRA:

  • Funa alipoota zo okuva ku Annuary Credit Report.com.
  • Menya ebyafaayo ebitali bituufu, ssente ezisasulwa omulundi ogusembayo, oba lipoota ezikwata ku bantu bonna.
  • Muwandiikire ebbaluwa ey’akakuubagano eri CRA (s) ng’eno bw’owandiika ebiwandiikiddwa mu biwandiiko ebigiwagira (si ebyasooka) era otereeze amabaluwa go.
  • Bajja kukutegeeza obuvunaanyizibwa bwo eri kampuni egaba empapula z’amabanja.
  • Singa obutategeeragana tebugonjoolwa, oyinza okwongerako ensonga ku fayiro yo (ebigambo 100 oba ntono) ebiteekwa okugattibwako mu lipoota ezijja mu biseera eby’omu maaso.
  • Singa ekiwandikiro oba akasawo kimenya tewalabirira 'FCRA', oyinza okubuuza 'FULAL TRAUM' [[[FLTC]] oba Consum Financial Protection Bureaument [[FFPB]]]

Okuwaayo Amabanja n’Omutego gw’Okugaba

Fair Leart Coorters Practices Act (FDCPA)] Kino kiwa abaguzi obukuumi obwetaagisa mu ngeri ez'enjawulo nga teboosa ebibanja. Nga tebeeyisawo FDCPA, abasolooza amabanja bayinza okukanga, okulumiriza oba okunyoola ssente ezibanja, ne balekeza abaguzi akakisa okubuusabuusa obutuufu bw'ebbanja. FDCPA ekwetaagisa abasolooza okubasiir'ebiwandiiko [ nga bawandikiddwawo ebigambo ebibakwatako obusolooza ebiyinza okuteekako obbanja nga bitono. Ekiragiro kino kitwaliramu obusente obumala okugaana abaguzi okugula amabanja mu nnaku 30. Bwe wabaawo okusasula amabanja, abaguzi ag'omusoloozaamu okutuusa lwe gajja.

Obukuumi buno bukulu nnyo: weetegereze, omukisa okuwulirwa, era n'okukakasa obutuufu bw'ensonga. Singa asolooza ebbanja alemererwa okugoberera bye yalagidde.[1] Ng'ekyokulabirako, singa yeeyongera okukuba amanya empaka, oba singa ategeeza awatali kumanya butuufu, omuguzi ayinza okusasulwa, era singa omuteesiteesi afuna ssente ezibalirirwa ddala. Ddoola z'amateeka ziyinza okuvaamu ssente. Dda ku bwamabanga. Ddaala lino liba liyinza okusikiriza abasolooza empalana okugoberera enkola ennungi.

Banka Banka Balina Okuzigula Ensimbi

Omuntu bw'afuna ensawo mu budde obw'okukkakkanya ssente za banka oba empeera, okusobola okugikuuma, omuguzi alina okufuna amalageenya oba omukisa okuziyiza ekikolwa kino. Fuennes v. Shevin[[FLL]] [12] [1972], kkooti enkulu yasattulula amateeka agakkiriza okunyagibwa ekintu nga tekimanyibwa oba okuwulira, era ne gasobozesa omuntu okukimuwambaanya, ne bwe wabaawo okukimalako obwetaaze nga kyereere. Ng'amaze okusasula amabanja geetaaga obulagirizi mu kkooti n'okulabula, amateeka agamukkiriza okumenya empakasa oba okukibwa, nga tewaliwo n'obunkenkenkenkera mu ssente ezimu ziteekwa okusooka okusooka okuzimalako. Omuntu bw'agaana okusasula obujanja oba okusasula ssente ezisinga okuzibwa. Omuntu aw'awnyanyanyanya awnya ssente z'aw'okusasula obuvugibwa emmala ku n'okusasula mu lukalala, emmu mu kkooti awnya.

Omukolo Eguganyula Omuyizi ne Gavumenti

Munsi y'omutemwa gw'essente ogukolebwa ku ssomero, nga mw'otwalidde n'okusasula emisaala egitali gimu, gavumenti ekwetaagisa okuwa amagezi n'akakisa okusoomooza abo abatatuukiriza nteekateeka zaabwe. Mu kukolera ku mutemwa gwa Ebbeesaeyi, ekitongole kya Escation Adminis kiba kiteekwa okusindika ebbaluwa eraga ebiruubirirwa eby'okugenda mu ggala, nga abanja ak'okusaba okusasulwa. Mu ngeri y'emu, ekitongole kya Social Security Administration kirina okuwa amagezi ku ngeri gye kiyinza okugobererwamu.

Enkola ez’Okukyusa mu Ngeri Entuufu ez’Okumenya Amateeka

Ekibiina ky’eby’enfuna bwe kitasobola kuwa bantu buyambi bwaakyo, abantu baba n’engeri ez’enjawulo ez’okukwatamu amateeka.

  • [[[NT:0]] Buli lukusa lukumbo lwa kkooti wansi w'amateeka (FCRA, FDCPA, Amazima mu Lunding Act, etc.) olw'amazima, olw'ennono, olw'ebyo ebisalibwa, n'olw'ebyo ebiba bikoseddwa, era n'olw'ebyo ebisaliddwawo, era n'ebya looya w'akkusaba.
  • [[Akabonero:0] 'kasa' bwe kabaako akalombolombo akamenya amateeka,'[[KA] era nga akabonero kakwata ku bukuubagano obwo kayisa bubi bakasitoma bangi (nga.., kampasi eya zero eremedwa okulambula obukujjukujju).
  • [[AGUMENTI]] Okwemulugunya [[[AK'AWULA]] ku K'FPB, FTC, oba munnamateeka mu byabuli ggwanga, ekiyinza okuvaamu ebikolwa, enzivvuunula y'omulimu, oba okusasulira.
  • [[Act:0] Obuwere obuva mu kusiba ekiwandikiro okukoma ku kumenyebwamenya kw'amateeka okusobola okuggyamu olukalala olw'ebibanja olw'ebiragiro oba okulekera awo okulumizibwa omuwoozi w'ebbanja.

Kikulu nnyo okutegeera nti obukuumi obwa bulijjo bukolebwa ku bannassaayansi bokka aba gavumenti. Kyokka, ebibiina by'eby'ensimbi bingi bigoberera amateeka agazingiramu emisingi egiragibwa mu nkola egoberera enkola, era mu mbeera ezimu, gavumenti ekkirizibwa okuwa obuyinza ku muntu kinnoomu okukola ekibulako enkola ekyetaagisa ([e.g. [kooti z'eggwanga bwe zikkiriza ebbalibwabweya).

Obubi Obutera Okugwawo n’Engeri y’Okubwewalamu

Wadde ng’abantu bangi basobola okubakuuma, ebintu ebimu ebibaremesa okukola omulimu gwabwe bisobola okuba nga bino:

  • [[AGUMENTI]] Obubonero obulagira ddi bulijjukirwa lwe bukoma:[[AGUMENTI] Empalana eziba zizzewo mu ddirisa si nfumo bumpi (ennaku 30 ez'okukaabya lipoota ey'ebbanja, ennaku 30 ez'okutongoza amabanja). Okukola mu bwangu kiba kikulu nnyo.
  • [[AK'AMUTANDIKA:0] Obuwandike obwa nnamaddala:[ Obuwandiisi obw'ensobi awatali bujulizi tebutera kuba butono. Ababulizyi basaanidde okukuŋŋaanya ebiba biwandike, ebiwandiiko ebiba biwandiikiddwa, alipoota eza poliisi (olw'okubba akabonero akalaga kye kikoze) n'amabaluwa gonna agayinza okuwandikibwa.
  • [[AGUMENTI:0] K'asala omusango ku lukiiko oluwawa ebbanja:[[[AK'AKALU]] Bw'ossawo akasonga ku ggwe ate n'otobaako ky'okolawo, oyinza okutaasa omusango ogwa bulijjo, ne kikufiiriza obwannannyini bwo obw'okukuwagira. Okwanukula mu lukalala lw'amateeka mu budde (emirundi 20-30) n'osobola okukuuma eddembe lyo erikusaanira.
  • [[NT:0] Tezimanyi mateeka go: Eggwanga ezimu ziwa obukuumi obw'amaanyi okusinga amateeka ga gavumenti, gamba ng'enkaayana ez'ekiseera ekiwanvu oba ebyo ebirala ebiva ku buteesiteesi. Abasuubuzi basaanidde okukebera amateeka g'ensi agafuga engeri gye gayinza okugobererwamu.

Entegeka y’Ebitongole by’Eby’Eby’Enfuna

Ekiragiro bwe kigenda kitandika okugula ebintu ku Internet, enkola ez'enjawulo zisobola okugobererwa mu ngeri empya. Ago gaba n'enteekateeka eza kampuni ezikola ku kusalawo ku lwazi zinnyonyola. Okussaawo enkola ez'eby'eby'enfuna era ne kampuni ezikola ku by'okwewola ssente kiyinza okuvaamu ensobi eziyinza obutakkirizibwa ku kukebera oba okugobererwa. Ng'ekyokulabirako, enkola ey'okunoonyereza ku bya mashini eyinza obutasinziira ku nsonga eyeeteerebwawo omuguzi. Abawagira enkola eno bagamba nti okugaana enkola eteekwa okuba nga y'okukyusizaamu [[FLT:][FLY][F:1] obusobozi okutegeera lwaki okusalawo okw'onzi kwakolebwa /neebiwandiiko ebirebwa abantu.

Ekifo ekirala ekijja okulabika kwe kukozesa emitwe gy'asaze egigaana eddembe ly'okusibawo ebikkooti mu kkooti. Wadde nga okugoba omuntu si kya mu butonde kwe kwegaana enkola ekyetaagisa, kweyisa nga ekitongole ekiba kimaze okukkirizibwa, okugaana abawagizi ba kika kya nukuta, kiyinza okusobozesa abawanguzi okukomya obuwanguzi obw'okumenya amateeka agakwata ku ku kumenya amateeka ga sistemu. Etteeka ery'okukugira okugaana abaguzi okusasula etteeka ng'eri mu kiwandiiko kya ssente. Abasuzi bannakyekebe balina okusooka okusoma n'obwegendereza endagaano yonna ekkirizibwa nga tebannassaamu n'enkola eno, era n'ongera okumanya obanga ddala bawadde eddembe erina ery'okugiteeka mu n'okugikkiriza.

Olugero: Tufuna Amaanyi okuyitira mu Kumanya

Ekiragiro kino tekikoma ku kukuuma bantu buteeyambi butatuukiriza buvunaanyizibwa bwabwe obwa bulijjo obuba buteekeddwawo mu by'ensimbi. Bwe bategeera enkola eziteekwa okugobererwa, enzijanjaba z'amateeka, era n'ebiyinza okukolebwa nga wazzeewo obutategeeragana, abantu basobola okulwanirira eddembe lyabwe. Ka kibe nti okoze lipoota ey'ebbanja, oba babbanga eriko ebbanja eritaliiko musango, bajjukira nti olina obuyinza okumanya era n'okuwuliriza obulungi.

Bw'okkiriza nti obusobozi bwo obw'okukola bumenyeddwa, buuzanga munnamateeka akukuuma oba okusawo okwemulugunya ng'okozesa 'FFB. Okumanya ebisingawo ku ddembe lyo wansi wa FCRA, genda ku kiwandiiko [[FLT]] FCRA [[FLLD] ekikuwadde obulagirizi obwa waggulu . Okusobola okutegeera obulungi enkola ya 'LY', ekitongole ekifuga ennyinnyonnyola enfuze mu by'omulembezo kiwandikiro, ekitegeeza ebitegeere eby'omu mateeka kikutegeeza obukyungi obwa kampuni mu ku nsonga zonna ez'eby'eby'eby'ensi.