Etandika: Akabonero Akalaga Enkolagana Ennungi n’Emirembe

Agument Act [okusooka] Active [ekyamanyibwa nga Belfast Account], ekyasaanibwa nga 10 Apuli 1998, kye kimu ku mirembe egisingayo okuba egyava mu mabbali g'ekya 20. Nga ku nkomerero y'emyaka 20. Emirembe gikoma ku butaka bw'ebikaawuka bya makumi asatu ebimanyibwawo [[FLLD]]], okutaawula okuleetawo enk'enkyukakyuka , endagaano eggumbalwawo olusinziddewo olukulu olw'enkomeredde mu mateeka ne mu n'obuttuuze obwa Northern Ireland. Nga baddowooza emikolo gy'eby'obufuzi okuva mu Bungereza ne mu Ireland gyeyongera okuleetawo okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu nkola ey'eby'obufuzi eby'okussa ekitiibwa, era ne mu ngeri endala endala mu ngeri gye ginoonyereza ku n'enkyukakyuka ez'okukulembedde mu Ireland gye kyeyongera mu nkola ey'ekulembedde mu nkola, ne mu bitundu

Mu ndagaano eyo yakkirizibwa bannakatemba abaalonda mu Northern Ireland ne 94% mu Republic of Ireland.

Ebyafaayo: Obusosoze mu Ngeri Embi gye Bukolebwamu

Okusobola okutegeera ensonga lwaki eddembe ly'abantu n'obwenkanasi bisibuka ku Kivumenti kya Good Olwekutaano, omuntu alina okusooka okutegeera ensonga lwaki obutali bwenkanya bwasibuka ku nsonga ezo. Gavumenti eza Union zifuga mu Northern Ireland (1921-191972) zaasosolamu Abakatuliki n'abantu batono mu mayumba, emirimu, n'obuwagizi bwa bya bufuzi. Gerrydering yakakasa nti obukiiko obugatta abantu bufuga n'ebifo by'amawanga ag'enjawulo. Ennamba z'obuntu zaagoberera eddembe lya bantu mu mafundikira g'ebitundu ebya 1960. Entegeka z'eggwanga zonna eza gavumenti za Amerika zaasattululwawo mu lutalo olwo. Era, mu mwaka gwa 1998, abantu abasukka mu 3,600 baafiira mu ntalo ezo.

Emboozi z'emirembe ezaaleetawo ekivume ku Kugo omukaaga zaakwataganyizibwa n'okugattika nti okugattika ekigo kyonna eky'olubeerera kirina okubeera n'obukuumi obw'amaanyi eri abantu bonna. Ekiwandiiko ekyo kiraga bulungi nti abo abakikoze beeyama “okukuuma eddembe ly'abantu bonna,” era ne kibawa enteekateeka ez'enjawulo ez'okukuuma ebibiina ebyandibadde bittuusibwako obutebenkevu, nga tewali kitundu kyonna kirina buyinza kufuga ggwanga eddala.

Ebisobozese Eddembe ly’Obuntu n’Eby’Ekisa

Entegeka z'entegeka z'abantu zikolera ku mitendera esatu: Lynoloji egatta emitindo egy’ensi yonna, okukolebwa kw'ebibiina ebirabirira, n'okussaawo enkola eza gavumenti okukomya enkola ey'okusoosa obusosoze.

1. Okulwanirira eddembe ly’obuntu mu ndagaano y’e Bulaaya

Ekimu ku ebyo bye baakolerawo mu ndagaano eyo kwe kukola endagaano ey'enkomeredde mu Amereka mu mateeka g'omu Northern Ireland. Obuvunaanyizibwa obwo bwakolebwa mu kkooti y'eggwanga mu kiseera ekyo, era ewa gavumenti y'eggwanga er'enkuyanja ey'Amerika. Abantu mu Ireland ow'ebukiikakkono baakkirizibwa okukomyawo etteeka erikwata ku ddembe ly'obuntu mu kkooti z'omu Ireland.

Kino kyali kikulu nnyo kubanga kyamalawo okubuusabuusa okw’okwesiga amateeka okugakuuma era kyakakasa nti emitindo gy’eddembe ly’abantu mu nsi yonna gikwata ku b’obuyinza bonna, nga mw’otwalidde ne poliisi n’amagye.

2. Okutongozebwa kw'ekitongole ekikola ku ddembe ly'obuntu mu Northern Ireland

Endagaano eyo yatandikawo Komiti ekubiriza obukulembeze bw'ekibiina ky'abantu mu mambuka ga Ireland obwa obwa obwa nnannyini ng'eraga nti obutongole obwateekebwawo okusemba n'okukuuma eddembe ly'obuntu okusobola okutuukiriza etteeka. Ekiragiro kino kiwadde ekiragiro eky'okukubiriza entegeka n'okukuteeka mu nkola emitindo gy'enkwaso ku ntegeka z'abantu, okubuuza ebibuuzo n'okunoonyereza ku nsonga z'eddembe ly'abantu, okuwa abo abamenyebwa enfuga, era n'okukolera ku bulagirizi bwa gavumenti obwalwo, obulaga nti eddembe ly'abantu lirina kubeerawo mu maka gaabwe ne ku ttabi lya bannaaw'eggwanga.

3. Akakwakkulizo k’Okuyogeza n’Engeri ez'Okukyawa Obusosoze

Ekiragiro ekitongole ekibadde kitegeka nti ku Lwokubiri era kyassaawo okussaawo enteekateeka ey'okugatta awamu mu Northern Ireland nga kigatta emirala egyaliwo ku langi, obulema, obukaba n'eddiini. Ekiragiro kino kifuga amateeka agafuga okusosola abantu mu mirimu, okuteekamu ebintu, n'obuyigirize. Era kikuuma okukolagana n'omulimu ogw'obwenkanankana 75, obuwangwa, obugobe, obugobe, obugobe nga busobola okubutuukiriza ku mateeka agakwata ku mulimu. Ekigo n'obuyigirize, ebintu, n'enjigiriza. Era kifuga enkola y'abantu ab'ebika, n'obusosoze mu by'obukaba, n'abakazi, era n'obuddubi ebibaawere. Era kimwetaagisa okumanyira ku nteekateeka ezisingako obulungi mu nkola eno ey'okusobozesa abantu okuleetawo mu bungi obwa bulijjo. Kino kiyinza okumanyibwa mu ku nsonga eyo ey'enkola enfumo enfumo ezitali za bulijjo.

Enkyukakyuka Ezibaawo mu Nkola ne mu Bwenkanya

Oboolyawo tewali kibiina kyataatereera kisinga Royal Ulster Consabulary (RUC), ekyali kiwagidde nnyo okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi era ab'eggwanga bangi baakitwala ng'amaanyi agaawulamu. Good Foundation Aunt Accounation ekkiriza okuleetawo enkyukakyuka ez'eby'a poliisi ez'enjawulo, ezaakolebwa okuyitira mu lipoota Patten Commission [1999]. Enkyukakyuka zino zadda mu kifo kya RUC ne PUC mu Northern Ireland (PNI), ne zitandika 50:50:onkmentations of Catholicism ne Protestantroous, zaageranya ekitongole kya Police Ombmsman ekikye okunoonyereza ebiwombekereza, era ne zikola enkyukakyuka zino ezirongookebwa mu ku mmusalo wa CMCCCC201,2,%, nga zimaze okumanyibwa ennyo mu ngeri ey'enkola mu ngeri ey'ennya ey'ennya ya Reso protoose.

5. Eddembe ly’Abo Abaafiirwa n’Ery’Abaasibibwa mu Kkomera

Mu ndagaano eyo, waatandikibwawo amateeka okusobola okuzuula amazima n'okugawa obuwagizi.

Okuleeta Emiganyulo mu Bulamu n’Emirembe

Emitindo gy’abantu egy’enkomeredde n’okulingana okuli mu Kiragiro Ekirungi eky’Okutaano birina kinene nnyo kye bikoze ku bantu b’omu Northern Ireland.

Okukendeeza Ettemu mu by’obufuzi

Okuva ku kussa omukono ku ndagaano eyo okutuuka ku mulembe guno ogukolebwa leero, okufa kw'eby'obufuzi kukendedde ebitundu ebisukka mu 90% bw'ogeraageranya ebya 1990. Okukoma kw'omuliro mu magye ga ddwaniro kugobedde ate obulamu obutono buzzeewo mu bantu abaamenyesebwawo bbomu n'amasasi. Okuggibwawo kwa bannabyabufuzi mu Bungereza era n'okufuuka enkola ya bapoliisi mu bibuga nga Belfast ne Derry/Londonderry kireeyambizza okugula omutemwa gw'okusumbula ebizinyisito n'okububububuyinza okubuyungiza. Wadde bwe kityo, ebitongole ebya Republican publian bye byaka bye byaka obunene ate n'enkimu ku n'enkola y'obutebenkeraka z'abantu, ebitongole ebikola mu nsi birongoofu.

Ekifo Ekisinga Obukulu eky’Eby’obufuzi n’Amaanyi

Mu ndagaano eyo mwakolebwamu gavumenti ey'ekika kya nga yakakasibwa kuwandikawo n'okugatta awamu. Okusalawo okw'amaanyi kukwetaagisa emirundi mingi, buli omu ku abo abagenda mu kibiina kya Democratic Union Party (Dupu) ne Sinn Féin/%er. Amakanisa agasinga obungi gaagobererwa buli luvannyuma lw'abalabe (nga 40% ku buli lukalala olw'empandika). Ekiragiro kino kiziwandikiddwawo nga kiziganya kiwandikidwa, era okumala emyaka mingi ne kisobozesa abafuzi okukolagana ne Democratic Union (Ducist) era n'abalabe ab'amaanyi. Amakanisa gano ge gamu ku bwombi gakakasa nti ebitongole ebitongole ebyo ebikola mu nkola y'enkola y'enkola y'emu ne Sin Féin",rderdoult (g.202020.202020 ne 20220) bye bikongobereddwa bulijjo, nga biraga obuvunaanyizibwa obw'okugoberera y'okugobeego.

Okukulaakulana mu Kipimo

Empandiika okuva ku kitongole ekigaba obutereevu mu ggwanga lya Ireland ne Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) eraga nti wazzeewo enkyukakyuka ez'amaanyi. Abakatuliki n'Abapolotesitante beegatta wamu ku mulimu, olw'okuba Abakatuliki bangi mu bitundu ebya lukalu era nga baava ku 42% mu 2000 okutuuka ku 2020. Ebivudde mu kuyigiriza era bireeseteeseteese, wadde nga n'omulimu [[FLY:0] omuwendo gwa 75 ogw'obusokeseera mu kifo kyayo, nga guviiriddeko ebibiina bya bantu okunoonyereza ku nsonga enkulu zonna, ne kiviirako okukubagasa obukulembedde mu ku ku ku nsonga enkulu yonna. Enkomera y'eby'empewo mu ggwanga lya Ireland ekiraze okuva mu ku kukolagana wakati w'obufumbo bwa 2020 mu bugobenyi, era ne mu mitendera egivudde mu ku ku ku ku ku ku kugibwa kkomera kwa Kko. Kkko, amateeka agamu agamu gamu gaakulagibwa mu ggwanga erimu ne ku nsonga enkulu mu Ireland gaakula mu ngeri y'entebe

Obutakkaanya n’Okuvumirira

Wadde nga bivaamu ebirungi, Ekivume ky’Okutaano Ekirungi n’ebisuubizo eby’obwenkanankana tebinnaba kutuukirizibwa.

Ebyayita: Ebizibu n’Obutabanguko

Okugonjoola ebyayita kukyaliwo ekintu ekikyasinze okuwakana mu ndagaano eno. Endagaano eno ku bwakyo era eraga engeri “ekkiriza era n'ekubaako okubonaabona okw'amaanyi,” naye gavumenti z'e UK ziremereddwa okukola enteekateeka y'ekiragiro. NAMBA] Za Ireland ow'Ebukiika kkono (Legita n'Okutabagana) Akakwasisa 2023 [ekiteeseteeseteese] era ekiteeseteese ekiteeseteese ekisinziirwa okusonyiwa ebibi ebiva mu bizibu ebiva ku mu n'okukosebwa, era ekibamba ekippya ekyakolebwa mu n'okusoosoosooso ebitonotono ebyamenyebwawo mu ggwanga erya Northern Ireland, nga mw'otwalidde n'ekibiina ekinene ekiwagidde mu n'ensonga ez'okukyusizaamu eddembe ly'abantu. Era bakkiridde ddala eri eri eri eri mu mateeka ery'omulembe eri'omulembero.

Enjawukana n’Ebigambo

Wadde ng'ebikolwa eby'ettemu byakoma, mu Northern Ireland wakyaliwo abantu abasosola ennyo. Amayumba agasukka mu 90% gaawulibwawo eddiini, era abaana abasinga obungi basangibwa mu masomero g'Abakatuliki oba mu ggwanga (ga Protestanti). Ebisomero nga bino nga bissaawo ebbugwe lyonna ery'emirembe obwawula Abaprotestanti n'Abakatuliki mu bitundu ebirala nga 20,23, naye nga tewali kigendererwa kyabyo. Kaweefube w'okutumbula ebigimu n'eby'eby'okuzimba ebizimbe, n'okutuuza ebizimbe ebizimbe ebizimbiddwa mu ggwanga. Togetech: mu kuzimba ekigo ekya United Commu[FLT[F:1], ekitongole ekitegekeddwa mu 2013, ekigenda okuggyawo ebisenge byonna eby'emirembe mu 2023, naye nga tekikyaliwo.

Okulemererwa mu by’Eby’obufuzi ne Mukago gwa Ireland ow’Omu Mambuka ga Bukiika Kkono

Ebitongole eby'omululu biwagidde okussaawo amateeka g'omulembe guno okumala ekiseera kiwanvu. Gye buvuddeko awo, shwuuda y'oku DUP bwe yasattuka oluvannyuma lw'okuyita mu nkyukakyuka. Muteego gwa Ireland ow'omu Mambuka ga Northern Ireland [[FL:1], ogwakuuma akakwate ne mu nkola y'obusuubuzi emu ey'omu Nfumbo mu Ireland obutateekako enknya eri n'ennamba za EUFLT [[FLT:] n'eby'eby'eby'obufuzi ebyagobeewa gavumenti ebyava mu nteekateeka z'ebyobufuzi, abawakawukaanyisizanga obubadde obuteeyizza ekifo eky'obukulembeze mu UK, nga abawandikiro wa gavumenti w'empala bwe kyeyongera okukitwala obukukuuma eddembe eri EK'enkyukakyuka mu n'enkyukakyuka eza gavumenti z'eby'eby'ensi. [FFFFoctivectooctives][23], ebibaddewoosebwa akaka wa w'obutongole mu buwawumbi

Obutali Bwenkanya mu by’Eby’Obugagga n’Eby’Enkolagana

Ne mu mambuka ga Ireland gye gatakoma okubaamu buzibu mu by'enfuna: abaana be baavu obungi era ekizibu ky'amayumba kikosa nnyo abakozi mu bitundu byombi. Lipoota okuva ku Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2023 eraga nti abantu ab'amawanga amatono mu Northern Ireland tebalina mulimu mungi era bassente n'abazungu ze basasula ntono okusinga abava mu ggwanga. omuwendo gw'abawagizi ba gavumenti tegukendeddeko nnyo ku ngeri enkalubo z'obwenkanyamu, era n'abavumbuzi bagamba nti gavumenti ziremereddwa okuba nti buli omuteenkanankana gukyasezza eddembe ly'obuntu era nti amagezi agava mu buwangwa bw'abantu okubuna.

Bizineesi Eremeddwa Okutereezebwa Ebiwandiiko Ebikwata ku Ddembe

Ekimu ku bisuubizo ebyatuukirira ku kivume ky'okugobererwa okwa kawyiro akalungi ak'oku Lwokubiri mu Ireland kiri nti, obwawukanya obwa nukutako obunene obwandivudde ku kika kya ECH. . . Ekitongole kino kyateekawo olukalala olw'Ekkolero lwa Buli Kibiina ekikola ku ddembe ly'obuntu mu 2008, naye olw'eby'obufuzi olwo olusooka olwoleka eddembe ly'eby'eby'enfuna n'obuntu n'enkola ne ku ngeri y'okulaga enfumo za Northern Ireland nga liremedde okutongozebwa kwal'ennono. Ek'eddembe ke kak'ekirebwa k'enkola enjawukana mu ggwanga. Gavumenti y'eby'eby'obufuzi eyinza okusobozesa abantu okubaamu obusokesebwa obusokero, oba okumanyibwa ku n'ebbeenjigiriza ku nsonga eziyinza okugobeetaamenyebwa wakati w'eddembe ly'abantu mu Ireland. Akrnerton, tewali kiyinza ku bwo, era tewali kiyinza kuteeka ku Kko k'obu

Olugero: Ensonga Enkulu era Ekwata ku Mirembe ne ku Busika bwa Kika

Ekivume eky'okutaano kikoma ku kuzimba: ligobererwa mu mateeka era ne lirongoosebwa mu Northern Ireland. Mu kutandikawo endagaano y'e Bulaaya, okutandikawo ebiwandikiro, okukyusiza obuwagizi bwa poliisi, n'okuteekawo emikolo egikwatagana, endagaano eyatandikawo enkola esobola okuziyiza okusoosa okusoosa obusosoze n'ettemu. Enkola ku nkyukakyuka ku b'obufuzi ku Black -centy teyinza butayinza kujjawo. Enkyukakyuka ku bikwata ku mwami wa 25: okufa okw'okubiri, okugatta awamu n'okukukuuma okusingako okugatta kwa bannaanyiniina. Kyokka, endagaano y'ebisuubizo bino esigala nga tekuliiko kkomola eri: eby'enkola mu biseera ebyayita edda, entegeka z'eby’obufuzi zigenda bunafu, era nga Bill Remood Requence tezikkubadde na kukolebwa. Okukuuma emikolo gy'abantu, naddala ebigendererwa bya Breekirango mu mateeka eby'enkola ya Breekirala okusobozesa okumanyibwa ennyo okumanyibwa mu ggwanga okumanyibwa mu ggwanga okusobozesa

Omuntu ayagala okukebera ebiwandike ebyasooka oba omulimu ogw'okulinga enzivvuunuzi z'empandika z'ebibiina, endagaano ejjuvu eriwo ku mukutu gwa UK (https.www.k/plain/erac/balletination-appreement , era n'omulimu gwa Kiwandiiko eky'Ebbeeka okukifuula okuba kyenkanankanankanankana ne mibiri, guwandibwa ku *[[FLT].[FLT]]. Okwekyusiza mu bya byafaayo ku kiyinza okuzuula mu ggwanika ly'obuterekeeze obwa Kayiri mu nyikolero * * * *.[3][3]