Okutegeera Obufuzi bwa Ddemokula Obwo Ki?

Obubonero obufuga enkola ya puloguramu efuga eya obuntu obufuga enneyisa ya yo

Gavumenti za gavumenti zikola ebintu eby’enjawulo ku gavumenti za demokulase oba ezikinyigiriza.

Okunokolayo Ebimu ku Biri mu Kitabo kya Baibuli

Ab'obuyinza bonna ab'ebyobufuzi babeera mu mikono gy'omukulembeze omu oba ekirabo ekinyweredde ddala. Tewali matabi ga gavumenti era abalamuzi, abasseteeka mu nkola eza gavumenti, n'ab'obuyinza bakolera ku magezi g'omufuzi. Ekiragiro bwe kiba nga kiriwo, amateeka tegalowoozebwa oba galongoosebwa ku ekyo ky'ayagala.

Okukugirwa kw’Obulombolombo obw’Ebya bufuzi

Ebibiina ebiziyiza biwereddwa, oba biyisibwa bubi. Ebibiina by'abantu b'omu nsi byenyimirizibwamu okuyigganyizibwa, okulabirirwa oba okuggalwawo. Endowooza endala ez'ebyobufuzi zitwalibwa ng'eziwabya oba ez'obusuubuzi, nga zisobola okuggyawo emikutu gy'amateeka egisinziirwako okuwakanya gavumenti.

Okuggibwako Ekirabo mu Butuuze

Eddembe ly'okwogera, okukuŋŋaana, okukuba empapula z'amawulire, n'eddiini biriko ekkomo. Ebitundu ebifulumira ku mikutu gy'empuliziganya bikuumibwa nnyo oba ne bikuumibwa bulungi; ennyimba za Internet ziyinza okuseneebwa oba okulabirirwa; ebirango bya bantu bonna bikolebwako.

Okwesiga Obusobozi n’Akakiiko Akakozesa Obuyinza

Abafuzi ba gavumenti bakuuma obuyinza bwabwe nga bakozesa ebikozesebwa ebikozesebwa — amagye, poliisi, abatongole abamanyi eby’obufuzi — okukwata abantu, okubatulugunya, okubabula, n’okubakolako ebikolwa eby’obukambwe.

Okukyusa Ebikolebwa mu Engeri Ennyo

Bwe bakuba obululu mu siteegi y'okukuba akalulu, ekigendererwa kyabwe kiba kya kukakasa nti gavumenti tesaanidde kubaako kye yeefiiriza nga tewali kuvuganya.

Obufuzi n’Ekibiina ky’Abantu

Abakulembeze batera okugezaako okuleetera abantu okwagala okuyiga engeri zaabwe okuyitira mu ppokopoko, programu z'ebyuma ebiwulirwa ku mikutu gy'empuliziganya n'ebyuma ebigendera ku gavumenti okweraga nti balina obwetaavu obw'okulondoola, tebakola nsobi era nti balina kye bafaananya n'eggwanga.

Ebika bya Autocracy

Omuntu bw'aba waawula mu ntegeka, afuga mu ngeri za njawulo, era nga buli kimu kirina ensibuko za njawulo ez'obulagirizi.

Oluuyi lw'ebiwandikiro lutandikewo

Mu bufuzi obwa nnaakaddaaka, kabaka (kabaka, empula, oba dayimooni) alina obuyinza obw'oku ntikko awatali mateeka. mu byafaayo mulimu Louis XIV owa Bufalansa ne Saudi, gye basikira obuyinza era gye batasobola kubufuga. Ekiragiro ky’omufuzi ekyo etteeka era n'eddiriŋŋanwa.

Okunyigiriza

Ekiragiro kino kye bufuzi obufuga abantu bokka. N'olwekyo, omukulembeze w'amagye bw'aba nga ye yekka.[1] Ekiragiro kya nnaakyemalira kifuga mu buyinza oba mu ngeri etali ya bulijjo. Gavumenti ya nnaakyemalira era n'esangawo ab'awakanya obufuzi bwonna. Mu nsi eyo mulimu Adolf Hitler mu Bugirimaani y'Abanazi ne Francisco Franco mu Spain. Gavumenti ziyinza okuba nga zeeteefuga yekka oba nga ze zifuga bokka, naye buli kimu, obuyinza bw'omukulembeze buba bwa nnanyini ku buli omu.

Obaluchy

Oligarchy kye kiwaanyi ekifuga ekibinja ekitono ekya bannabizineesi nga zzaabu, abaduumizi b'amagye, abakungu b'ekibiina, oba abannannyini ttaka. Amaanyi gakozesebwa bonna wamu ku lw'obukulembeze mu kifo ky'okuganyula abantu bonna. Russia mu mpagi ya Vladimir Putin kye kisilikika eky'ekitongole ekirina enkola enzijanjaga y'obutuuze ekya siloviki (abakuumi abaasooka) ne baaicentiers baawe mu buyinza ku bikwata ku ggwanga.

Teyokulase

Mu matwale ga teyokulase, abakulembeze b'eddiini balina obuyinza mu by'obufuzi era n'obufuzi bwesigamye ku mateeka ga Katonda.Mu Iran’s Islam Republic kyakulabirako ekicamuukirirako ennyo mu kiseera kye kimu, omukulembeze w'eddiini ow'oku ntikko w'alina obuyinza obujjuvu ku bibiina ebilondebwa. Amateeka gateekwa okuba nga gagoberera enjigiriza ez'eddiini, era okugasambajja ku mateeka kutwalibwa ng'ekiwayirwa.

Junta Omujaasi

junta gavumenti ekulemberwa abakungu abatwala obuyinza ku nukuta okuva ku banyazi. Olukiiko olukulu lusala ssemateeka, ebituuti by'eby'obufuzi n'ebiragiro ku kabonero ebikozesebwa akatyabaga. Ebyokulabirako ebyakayita bizingiramu okutwala abajaasi ba Myanmar mu mwaka gwa 2021 ne Chile wansi wa Augusto Pinochet okuva mu 1973 okutuuka mu 1990.

Ebyokulabirako eby’Ebyafaayo eby’Obufuzi

Obuteefuga bwasibuka ku byafaayo, era gavumenti nnyingi zireetera amawanga gaabwe n'ensi obubonero obutayinza kubuguumiriza.

Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union, 1920s-19953)

Stalin yafuula Soviet Union eggwanga eryali lirina obuyinza ku bufuzi bwa nnaakyemalira okuyitira mu kibiina ky’Abakomunisiti eky’okugoba abantu mu nsi yonna, enkola y'okugoba abantu mu nsi eyo, n'ey’abapoliisi ab'omu kyama (NKVD). Yasaanyawo abo bonna abaali bawakanya eby’obufuzi, enteekateeka z’eby’enfuna ezaategekebwa obulungi, era n’aleetera abantu okukolagana n’abantu. Embalirira y’omuntu yabanga ya maanyi nnyo: obukadde n’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu baafa mu njala, okuttibwa, n’okukozesebwa mu nkambi z'abakozi.

Adolf Hitler (Nazi Bugirimaani, 1933-1945)

Hitler’s Third Reich kye kitabo kye yawa ekyokulabirako kya nnaakyemalira mu kufuga mu mateeka era n'atiisatiisa. Oluvannyuma lw'okuva mu buyinza ng'ayitira mu gavumenti z'abantu, yaggyawo gavumenti za demokulase, yateekawo obufuzi bumu era n'ategeka enkola ey'okutta abantu bangi nga Hitler.

Kim Il-sung ne Kim Jong-un (North Korea, 1948-presente)

Bukiika kkono bwa Korea gavumenti ya dynac egatta okusobya kw'emitwe gy'abantu awamu n'okufuga gavumenti. Amaka ga Kim gafuga okumala emyaka esatu, nga gagamba nti ganfuga endowooza za Juche (bwesiga). Gavumenti zifuga emikutu gy'empuliziganya gyonna, zikugira okutambula, zikola mu makomera amanene era zikola ne mu by'amagye kyokka abantu boolekagana n'ebizibu eby'amaanyi mu by'enfuna.

Fidel Castro (Cuba, 1959-2008)

Gavumenti ya Castro ey'ekika kya Marx-Leninist yakkakkanya okuziyizibwa okw'eby'obufuzi, ettuttumu ly'eggwanga erimu. Okukwatibwa kwakolebwanga bubi era enkumi n'enkumi badduka ku kizinga. Gavumenti eyo bwe yawanga obuyigirize n'obujjanjabi, era n'ekugira eddembe era n'okukuuma omukutu gwa poliisi ogwa nneekusi. Muganda we Raúl yamuddira mu bigere, era n'enteekateeka eno ekyagenda mu maaso leero.

Omuyambi wa Adolf Hitler mu Bulaaya: Benito Mussolini (Italy, 1922-1943)

Gavumenti ya Mussolini mu Italy yatandikira ku nkola y'ekitongole ekya 20 enzikirizi eyavaako ebituuti ebya demokulase, n'ekola poliisi mu nkiso (OVRA), era n'ekozesa pokopoko okutandikawo akadiini okwetooloola omukulembeze. Wadde nga yali mutono nnyo ku Bugirimaani ya Hitler, yateekawo ekigambo ekikozesebwa mu kutuukiriza emitindo egya bulijjo ekyaleetera gavumenti nnyingi okukola ku nkola y'obufuzi.

Obufuzi obwali obw’omu makkati mu Afirika: Sani Abakaba (Nigeria, 1993-1988)

Omusolo ayitibwa Sani Ababaka yeekobaana n’afuga Nigeria ng’awera omulimu gw’obufuzi, ng’asiba bannamawulire mu makomera, era ng’agamba nti yawa obuwumbi n’obuwumbi bw’abantu ekyokulabirako eky’amagye g’abajaasi mu nsi y’omu Afirika, gavumenti gye yaleetera abantu okuba bannakyemalira era n’enjawukana mu mawanga.

Engeri Obukodyo gye Busigala nga Buwaamu Amaanyi: Obukodyo bw’Okufuga

Abafuzi ba gavumenti bakozesa enkola ezitali zimu okusobola okulemesa abantu okunyigiriza bannaabwe, gamba ng’okukozesa obukodyo obw’eby’enfuna, okukozesa obujjanjabi, n’okukyusakyusa mu by’enfuna.

Obulimba n’Ebigambo Ebitayinza Kufuga Bulungi

Abayigiri bafuga obubaka okuyitira mu mikutu gy'eby'empuliziganya egyategekebwa oba egyafissi, obulango n'empagibwa ku Internet. Beefuula abakuumi b'eggwanga, obutebenkevu oba obuwangwa, nga bafuula abalabe ba bannaggwanga bannaggwanga oba abalabe b'abantu. Ebyokulabirako eby'edda bizingiramu ppokopokopoko wa Nazi mu kiseera kya Goebbels ne mu nkola y'okwekweya kw'abantu n'okukebejja enjawukana mu Buchayina.

Kaweefube w'okweyimirizaawo aka Patronage ne Eltes Coop

Baawunzi bawa abawagizi abeesigwa ebifo, obugagga, n'enkizo. Nga bafuga engeri gye basobola okufunamu eby'obugagga n'obukalu obwa bulijjo.[1] Amakampuni, emirimu, ettaka, ne layisensi, bye bakola ne bye bawandiisa ebikozesebwa omufuzi. Kino kye kintu ekiteeberezebwa okuvuganya n'ab'obuyinza era ne kikakasa nti bawa abakungu ba gavumenti ebweyagaliramu ssente okusobola okuwonawo.

Obukuumi n’Okufa kw’Abantu Abakugu

Omuntu bw'aba tannafuuka muyingizi, aba atandise okuteeka obulamu bwe mu kabi, era abatemu balyoka batandika okubuyingiramu.

Ebitundu Ebya Gavumenti n’Ebirala Ebifugibwa

Abafuzi bangi ab'omu kiseera kino bagoberera demokulase ne "banna demokulase" nga balonda, era nga balonda. Wadde nga baakakasa nti tebasoomooza bafuzi. Okuziyizibwa kuyinza okuwerebwa, okuwalirizibwa mu miwaatwa, oba okukkirizibwa okubeera n'enkola ey'okukulembeza obukwasifu. "Ekyuma kino eky'okufuga obwannakyemalira" kiyamba gavumenti okufuna obwannannyini n'okutuuka ku buyambi obw'ensi yonna.

Engeri z’Enjawulo n’Ez’Obufuzi

Bannabyabufuzi bagezaako okuleetawo enjawukana mu mawanga, mu ddiini, oba mu bitundu ebirala okulemesa okuziyizibwa, okuleetawo obukuubagano mu kibiina, oba okulemesa abantu okuba n’obuyinza ku bafuzi ab’enjawulo.

Endowooza z’Abafuzi

Ebiva mu bufuzi bwa autocracy byeyolekera mu buli mbeera y'obulamu bw'omuntu, gamba ng'eby'obufuzi, eby'enfuna, eby'enfuna, n'eby'enneewulira. Wadde ng'eby'obufuzi ebimu bifuna obutebenkevu oba amakolero, ebbeeyi ez'oludda oluwanvu ziba ntono.

Okunyigirizibwa kw’Eddembe ly’Eby’obufuzi

Olw’okuba abatuuze baafiirwa eddembe lyabwe ery’okwesalirawo, bavumirira gavumenti, oba bakolagana n’abantu abalala, mu kifo ky’okwenyigira mu bya bufuzi, baba bagondera ekiragiro ekyo.

Obusosoze n’Obuteenkanankana

Obutongole obut'autocracracs butera okufiirwa ssente ezitatuuka ku buwanguzi mu kugaba obungi, munnabyabufuzi, era n'obulyi bw'enguzi obw'enkukanvu. Bwe wataba n'ennamba ezirabika obulungi, okuteebwa kwa bannabyabufuzi kuyinza obutakkirizibwa. Wadde nga autocratats (umg., Lee Kuan Yew mu Singapore) yasobola okumanyibwa obulungi mu by'enfuna, ate n'abalala bangi (um., Mugabe mu Zimbabwe) baayonoona eby'enfuna byabwe. ESSIMU eyinza okugaziwaza ng'okunyanyisa eby'obugagga bya gavumenti.