Etandika: Eby’obufuzi n’Ekyokulabirako Ekitono mu Japan

Gavumenti za Japan zibadde zifugibwa nnyo ekibiina kya Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), ekikyakola ku nkyukakyuka mu ntegeka z'eggwanga okuva mu 1955. Wadde nga LDP erazesezza okukulaakulana okw'eby'enfuna n'obutebenkevu, abawaka bagamba nti obufuzi bwaakyo butera okulwawo okwogera ku ddembe ly'abantu abatono. Mu Japan, obutono obukulembe obutono obw'ebika bya Bainu, Burumun, ne Zainichi Korea, era n'abakazi, n'abantu abalina obulema, era n'ekitongole LBTQhww'ekitongole, mu kiseera nga kitegeera engeri ebibiina bya Japan gye bigobereramu ebigendererwa by'eby'eby'obufuzi ebikola ku ku kukulaakulana mu nsi ne ku kukolagana mu n'obuwawuka.

Okwawukana ku ekyo, ebibiina ebiziyiza nga Constitution Democratic Party (CDP), ekipaawe ky'Abakomunisiti (JCP), n'ebibinja ebitono ebikulaakulana biryengudde okulwanirira amateeka agalwanyisa obusosoze era n'okuyingira mu ntegeka z'abantu. Baayongera obungi mu myaka egyakayita, nga bawaliriza eggwanga okukuba obukuubagano ku nfuna y'enkola y'enkola y'enfuze entono ennyo mu Japan. Ekitundu kino kinnyonnyola engeri ebibiina by'eby’obufuzi gye byakolamu, engeri obuwagizirimu obutonotono, n'obuteeb'obuwagizigizigizi obwa bulijjo ebirembe obuba ku nsonga z'entono ennyo.

Ebyafaayo Ebikwata ku Butono bw’Ekyokulabirako mu Japan

Ekiragiro kino kyayisibwa mu 1947. Ekiragiro kino kikoma ku kuyisa etteeka erikwata ku bantu ab'eggwanga, obusosoze, obusosoze, oba obwanakazi. Ekibaawerebwa kireseewo eddembe ly'abantu n'okulingana nga bagoberera amateeka ( Article 14). Kyokka, ekiwandiiko kino tekikugaana busosoze mu mateeka ku bantu aba bulijjo ab'omu Ainu era ne kiteeka amateeka ku bantu ab'omu Korea, nga basinziira ku ggwanga lyabwe basigala mu Japan oluvannyuma lw'olutalo. [FLT:burbunu], gavumenti ya Japan yawamba enkola ey'okugoba abantu aba bulijjo, era n'eteeka amateeka ku bantu aba bulijjo, wadde nga bazze mu nkyukakyuka mu mateeka mu 1970.

Okumala amakumi g'emyaka, okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu by'enfuna n'enkolagana wakati w'abantu abatono kyavanga ku kuba nti ekibiina ekyo kyakolagana n'amadiini agatali gamu awamu n'eby'obusuubuzi ebya bulijjo. Mu 1990, Ayinu yatongozebwa ng'abantu enzaalwawo, era mu 2019, Dietyo yayisa obufumbo bw'ekika ky'ekika kya Ainu Contension Act[, ekikkiriza eddembe lyabwe n'obuwangwa bwabwe naye ne kilekera awo okwewandiisaamu obuyinza oba eddembe ly'ensi. Mu ngeri y'emu, okunenya gavumenti y'emu ebadde tekuyimirizibwamu obufumbo bw'ekika okuva nga 201919, nga tewali mateeka gaagifuga kimaze okukolebwa. Ekibiina ky'ekitongole ky'eby’eby’obufuzi kiresembyewo.

Ebiwayi Ebikulu eby’Eby’obufuzi n’Obunyiikivu Bwabyo ku Butono bw’Eddembe

Ebitundu ebiddirira byogera ku bibiina ebikulu n’ennyimirira yabyo ku ddembe ly’abantu abatono ennyo.

Ekibinja eky’Eddembe ly’Okwefuga (LDP)

LDP yeeyongeredde ddala okuba n'obuyinza okuva mu 1955, nga bakola gavumenti z'omukago n'ekibiina kya Komeito. Ekkolero lyayo lissa essira ku kukulaakulana mu by'enfuna, ku butebenkevu n'emitindo gy'amaka. Ku ddembe ly'abasinga obungi, LDP mu byafaayo terikkiriza kuteekawo mateeka agakwata ku kuwakanya obwetaavu n'okuva mu ggwanga. Ng'ekyokulabirako, akatuuti ka 2021 akaawakanya amateeka agagendererwa “okumanyisa” LGBTQ+ buno era ne buno obwa ssoa obwa ssokkod'ekiso mu nteekateeka ezasooka, oluvannyuma lw'okuyingiza abatemu amateeka mu by'okwetaba ebisookerwako, gagamba nti okukuuma abantu abatono mu maka okusobola okunafuyamirako. [[FLD:]

Ku biwangwa ebitono, LDNP yawagira Act eya Ainu EventingP naye n'agaana ekyetaagisa okugonjoola ennyimirira za bantu abo. Akakiiko era keesigaza enkolagana ey'oku lusegere n'ekika Buraku Livvition League ? Mu butuufu, LDP teyewalanga okuvuganya obusosoze mu Banyarumu, nga beesigama ku ngeri ez'okweyisaamu ez'enjawulo ezikkirizibwa mu kitundu. Mu ngeri empandika ya PDP wansi wa Pricious Shinzo Abe, baatongoza “obuminsaanyi obw'okutumbula omulimu gw'abakazi, naye ne batakwata ku nsonga zaawerebwa obukyasiikiriza.

Ekibiina Ekikola ku Ddemokulase (CDP)

CDP, eyatandikibwawo mu 2017, nga gagatta wamu ebibinja ebiwerako ebiri wakati w'ebifo bya kkono, kye kibiina ekisinga okuziyizibwa. Kaweefube agireetebwawo okukuuma eddembe ly'abantu abatono, nga mwe muli n'etteeka erikwata ku kusosola eggwanga erimu, obuwangwa, obukaba, obukaba, obusajja, obuwangwa. CDP ewandikiddwawo nti “Amateeka gamu ku ntegeka za ddembe z'abantu". agasobola okunyweza eddembe erifuga eddembe ly'enkola. Mu kaweefube w'okulonda 2021, ekiwandikiro kiragira nti obufumbo obw'ekikula, obugatta abakazi n'ebitono bwe butyolekedde nga bukolebwa mu by'obufuzi. Kyokka, ekitongole ekyo kiwandikiddwawo ne kiwandikiddwawo nti ebitongole ebirala bisobola okuzzaawo enviro era ne mu ggwanga lya Aichi, wadde nga tekyungiddeko n'okukyusiza abantu mu nsi.

Komeito

Komeito, munne mu kibiina LDP-eyambisibwa mu kibiina ky'Ababuda ekiyitibwa Soka Gakkai. Pulotifomu yateeka essira ku mbeera y'abantu, emirembe, n'ekitiibwa ky'abantu. Komeito bulijjo yeeyisa ng'eyawuluzaamu mu kabukwatano, ng'akubiriza enkyukakyuka ez'enjawulo ku nsonga entono. Ng'ekyokulabirako, yakola kinene mu kuyisa obulungi obwa bulijjo mu kuyisa obulungi obwa bulijjo 2021 LGBTQ+ amateeka. Kyokka, Komeito abadde yeegenderezza nnyo ku bufumbo obw'exsex, ng'annyonnyola ensonga ezikwata ku ddiini. Ku nsonga ezikwata ku bantu abatono, ekiwandikiro kiwagira obuwandikiro okusobola okuleetawo enkyukakyuka mu nkyukakyuka mu by'obukulembeze.

Ekibiina ky’Abakomunisiti eky’omu Japan (JCP)

Kkoyiro y'emu ku ntegeka ekola ennyo mu kussaawo etteeka erikugira obusosoze mu langi n'ekikula, okutongoza obufumbo nga bwa bannamwandu, era n'okuggyawo ekibonerezo eky'okuttibwa kwenkana awo. Kkooti ya JCP ereetera abantu okutongozebwa ku ddembe lya Zainichi Korea nga mw'otwalidde n'okulonda obululu, era ewawaayiriza nti obufumbo obwa Japan bukkirizibwa okukkirizibwa mu kiseera kyayo eky'edda. Wadde nga yateerezebwa bunneebwa butereevu ku bannabyabufuzi mu ggwanga, ng'eteeka obutebenkevu mu maka amatono. Endowooza zaayo tezitera kuba mateeka, naye zibaamu n'ensonga ntono eziba ezirabika mu ku kulonda abannago.

Nippon Ishin no Kai (Ekibiina eky’Okuzza Obuggya mu Japan)

Akakiiko kano akaasebwa mu Osaka keemalira ku kukmanya era n'okukyusa endowooza z'abantu mu kitundu. Ennaku nnyingi ensonga ezisinga okusiiga ku busosoze mu bantu abassaawo amateeka. Mu 2022, abamu ku abo abali mu kibiina kya Ishin baawakanya ekiragiro ekiziyiza etteeka erikwata ku kuDiscrinalcrination mu Osaka, nga kino kiraga nti akakiiko kano kalina kye kakola ku ddembe ery'ekika ekya wansi ennyo.

Endowooza z’Ekibinja Ekirimu ku Butono

Abantu ab’Ebitundu Ebitono: Ainu, Burakumin, ne Zainichi Korea

Mu 2008, kyamanyibwa nti Japan erimu eggwanga erikwatagana. Ainu , eri mu bitundu bya Hokkaido ne mu bukiika kkono, akakwate kalina ekiteeso eky'okutongozaamu ekiteebwa nga tekiwagidde ddembe lya Diet. Ebiwandikiro nga CDN ne JCP biwandikisizza ebiwandiiko bya 201919 Appion Act okuwagira emirimu gy'obuwangwa bw'eggwanga naye nga b'eteewagidde eddembe ly'eggwanga oba ery'okwefuga. Gavumenti za Kidkko agigigigitawa buteesitemu ewandikiro K'okuwandikibwa obwa AIIIIII mu nsi oba mu bukiika kkono. Gavumenti za ADP ziwagidde ddala ekibiina kya ADNUU.

[[NTANDIKO:0] Baurakun Kitundu ekitwalibwa ng'ekimu eky'abantu abasosolwa mu mirimu ne mu bufumbo nga 1,80,000, kyeyongera okubaamu okusosolwa. LDP ewagidde amateeka Buraku Ekirabo[] [1969]] n'abaagiddonzi baakyo, naye amateeka gano geesigamya okulongoosebwa kw'embeera z'obulamu mu kifo ky'okusobererwa. Okuziyiza kuleetedde ekiragiro eky'okugobererwa okw'amazima n'okukireetera obukkulembereza. Ebiwabuwabuuti by'obutujjuzi ku Burkum, nga bwe kikyaba nga kikolwa eky'omulemberwa.

[[Act:0] Zainichis, abaana ab'omulembe ogw'okusatu n'ogw'okuna okuva mu bannaaw'okubuwaŋŋangusibwa, basososolwa mu mateeka: tebakkirizibwa kulonda mu ggwanga lyonna era tebakkirizibwa kufuna mayumba ga bantu bonna. LDP egaanye okuwa eddembe ly'okulonda, so nga ate CDP ne JCP nabyo bigiwagira. Komeito ewandisizza obuwagizi. Kyokka, bannabyabufuzi bajja kukyusa amateeka ne bagattululira ku kika kya Bakoreneero era emirundi egimu endowooza ey'okuwakanya ebyamalanga mu by'obufuzi esigala nga y'ebut'ebuttuuti.

Abakazi n’Abantu Abalina Empisa Ennungi

Abakazi mu Japan boolekagana n'ensalo ezibakugira ennyo: obukulembeze obutono, omuwendo gwa 24%, n'omuwendo gwa bakyala abatulugunyizibwa mu by'okwetaba. “Malaminics” enkola za bakazi ezikolebwa okusobola okwenyigira mu mirimu gy'abakazi naye tezaakola ku mirimu gy'awaka egitasasulwa oba obutasobola kulabirira baana. CDP ne JCP ziwagira okugatta abaami mu kampuni z'abaami n'ebifo ebya kawumpuli. Mu 2020, Japan yabalibwa mu bitundu 156 mu nsi ezikola omulimu gw'obukungu. Ebfumu n'ebyobufuzi tebyakola obuvunaanyizibwa obw'obufaananyi ng'obw'obusosoze obw'ekikula.

Mu 2023, etteeka eryali liragira kampuni ezikola ku mulimu ogulina abakozi abasukka mu 300 okumanyisa omusanvu gwazo ogw'obusajja n'obw'obusajja bwago lyayisibwa wansi w'omukago LDP-Komeito. Kyokka, obusosoze bwa ngeri nnyingi tebukkirizibwa mu mateeka.

LGBTQ+ Rights

Japan ye nsi yokka ekkirizibwa mu mateeka mu bufumbo oba mu kugattika abakungu ba gavumenti. Mu 2021, abawagizi ba PP-Komeito baayisa etteeka erigamba nti: “okukyusa entegeera” okwa LGBTQ+ abantu, kwe kusalawo obutasosola mu bantu. Okuva olwo, kkooti za disitulikiti nnyingi zisazeewo nti obutafuna bufumbo bw'omu kikula kikontana na bulombolombo butuukiriza tteeka. Naye LDP ne JCP teziwaddesizzawo kukyusa biwandiiko ebizikwata ku bwenkanankanankanankanankana.

Endowooza ya bantu ekyuse mangu: okunoonyereza okwakolebwa kulaga nti obufumbo bw'abantu ab'ekikula ekimu bukkirizibwa mu bitundu 70 ku buli kikumi. Kyokka, ebibiina by'obufuzi, naddala abo abayitibwa LDP, balindako. Abalabirizi ab'amateeka ab'omu LDP batya okulumya abawagizi b'eddiini n'eby'obuwangwa. Ekibakwatako kya maanyi: LGBTQ+ abantu abalimu omuwendo gwa waggulu ogw'okwetta oba okweyawula ku balala.

Ekifo ky’Eby’obufuzi n’Eby’Eby’Obunnabbi Bikoma

Ebitundu bitono bwe bityo obunene bwe bibeera mu Disitulikiti ey'omu Japan. Abakyala bateeka wansi wa 14 ku buli kikumi ku butebe obwa wansi obwa nnyumba, wansi waab'amawanga ag'omu DDCD. Mu nsi ezo mulimu obutundu butono obwa LGBTQ+ , era tewalimu na bamu ku abo abafuga mu ggwanga ttono ennyo abali mu nnyumba entono. [[FLT:] [[FLT]] Buratumin[F:] AN] olumu ku bubonero obuva mu nnyumba ey'ewala ennyo okuva ku 2022]

Ebivaamu byongera ku kiragiro kino. Act ku kukireetera okuyongerwako kwa Kinu Cultural tewalina kaweefube akwata ku bannabyabufuzi. Akakwakyo ak'obutongole[[[FLT:]] Anti-Antiritamily Act [[[FLT:]] (2017]) tekakubiriza bayiti kutwala muwendo gw'abateenkana naye tewalina kibonero erikugira abaana abateebereberye. Tewali mateeka agakwata ku by'enkola gayinza ku bukuubayivu, oba okukugira okukyawa obukyayibwa mu mayumba, oba okukola emirimu. [FT] [FTT] Ak'Akatego: [207] Ekiragiro ekiragiro ekiragiro ekigamba oba ekigamba ekigamba nti “tekibwa kirengo kya bulijjo.[206]

Ebibiina by'eby'obufuzi birina kye bikolawo mu miwaatwa gino. Olwo obuwagizi bwa LDP kitegeeza nti ebbanja ly'ab'omukwano abatono ennyo terituuka ku kkolero. Okuziyiza, wadde nga tekuli nnamba, tekusobozesa bantu kukakaatika nkola y'enkola y'okussaawo amateeka. Kino kitera okunoonyezebwa mu nsi nnyingi. Ng'ekyokulabirako, Akakiiko k'ekibiina kya UN ku Kumalawo Obusosoze mu Nsi.

Obuzibu n’Okukulaakulana okw’Omu Buseera Obuseera

Mu myaka egyakayita, eddembe ly'abantu abatono litaddeko essira ku bantu bonna, nga likubirizibwa okupikirizibwa kw'ensi yonna, n'enkyukakyuka ezikolebwa mu mulembe. Mu 2020 Tokyo Olympics zaleetera Japan okunoonyereza ku ngeri gye yayisaamu Ainu ne LGBTQ+ ekitongole. Kkooti mu Saproro, Tokyo, ne Fukuoka zitaddewo olukunkumuli lw'obufumbo olw'ekikula, okumenya amateeka agafuga amateeka ga gavumenti. Mu 2023, gavumenti yakkiriza okusoosa obuwayirizo ku bufumbo obw'ekikula, okumenya amateeka ga gavumenti.

Ekifo era kyalaba obuwanguzi butono mu 2022 gavumenti bwe yateekawo okusobozesa okuwagira okuyigirizibwa kw'e nnimi naye nga tewali buwangwa bwa bya bufuzi kisigala nga kizibu. Mu kiseera ekyo, okukyawa Zainichi Corées[ zeeyongera okuzikola, naddala ku Internet, era n'ebibiina by'eby'obufuzi tebikoze kinene nnyo okubufuga. CDP ne JCP bitandikawo etteeka erikomya okukyawa abantu mu buli ngeri ey'obuzaalwa, naye tebyagenda mu maaso.

Kusoomooza kuzingiramu engeri ez'enjawulo abantu gye bakwatibwako ennyo, PDP gye batwalamu obuyinza, n'okweyawulamu kw'ebibiina ebiwakanya. CDP efubye okussaawo oludda olumu era n'ebibiina ebitono tebikolagana bulungi. Obumu ku bufunze bwa enkola ey'okukiikirira abantu abatono ennyo bulemesezza enkyukakyuka. Ate era, LDP emirundi mingi egoberera ebibiina by'abantu ebitono, nga bikendeeza bye bireetaaza bye birese. Buraku Liviciation Livity kyekubiddwako olw'okukkiriza PLDPpage okusobola okufuna obuyambi bw'eby'eby'ebyobufuzi.

Endowooza gy’Olina ku Biseera eby’Omu Maaso n’Ebinaabaawo mu Biseera eby’Omu Maaso

Bw'ogeraageranya ne demokulase endala eza kika kya Japan, Japan ebadde ntono nnyo bw'eba ntono ddala.U.U.S., Canada, ne Bulaaya zifunye amateeka agakwata ku kwetaba, obufumbo bw'abantu bwe bumu, era ne kyekola ekisingayo okuba eky'amaanyi.

Kyokka, enkyukakyuka ezikolebwa mu kukolebwa kw'abantu n'okukolagana mu nsi yonna zireetedde abawagizi okukyusiza ddala engeri gye bayinza okukyusizaamu. lipoota ekwata ku ddembe ly'abantu Watch 2024 ku Japan yamanyibwa ku Ainu naye yavumirira obutaba na mateeka ga gavumenti agawakanya eddiini. International Labour Organization era ereese okukibwa ennyo eri obusososoze. Enkyuuka kw'obufumbo obw'ekikula kiyinza okuleetera ab'obuyinza obutafuna busosoze ku busingako.

Emmere ey'entono mu Japan yesigamye ku bannabyabufuzi. Singa LDP esigala mu buyinza, okukulaakulana kujja kukendeera era kujja kweyongera. Ebibiina ebiziyiza ebisinga obungi bye biyinza okwanguyawo enkyukakyuka. Oba, okwawukanya mu LDP wakati w'ebiwaawaatiro byayo ebikyasiikiriza era n'ebya leero kuyinza okuleetawo enkyukakyuka. obuvunaanyizibwa bwa Komeito nga munne bw'asse wamu bujja kuba bwa maanyi: busobola okuwaliriza enfuze endala okweyongera okukulaakulana singa zirondedde.

Ebibinja by'abantu nga Obufumbo mu Japan yonna ne Ainu Association of Hokkaido[, byeyongera okukkirizisaamu okukola enkyukakyuka. Okufuba kwabwe bwe kuba nga kw'otaddeko okunoonyereza okw'ensi yonna, kuyinza okunafuya mpolampola okuziyiza KLP. Kyokka, okutuusa nga obubonero obutono obuli mu Diet bweyongera(*) obutundutundu obulagira obutundu obulagira akakwakkulibwa oba obutereevu obukolebwamu ku ntegekamandebwa bw'ekiragiro, obuba bulaga nti ekiwandikiro oba obwa 'FLT' kijja kukendeezebwa.'

fundikira

Ebibiina bya Japan eby'eby'obufuzi birina kinene kye bikola mu kukyusa eddembe ly'abantu abatono ennyo. N'olwekyo, okufuga kwa LDP kusobodde okusigala nga kunywevu, nga kuleetawo butebenkevu mu kifo eky'okuyingira mu nviiri zaayo. Naddala, abaziyiza, CDP ne JCP, banywezezza nnyo okusobola okubeekuuma ennyo, naye olw'obutaba na buyinza bwa mateeka kikukugira nnyo. Aincu abaddeko ageekenneenya ebimu ku bigambo, LGBTQ+ amateeka agategeera, n'akazi ageekulembedde mu ngeri enneekulembedde.

Ennaku ez'envuma entono tezimanyiddwa. Zijja kwesigama ku by'obufuzi bw'ebibinja ebikulu, okukuŋŋaanya abantu abatono mu nsi, era n'okupikirizibwa okw'enjawulo. Mu kiseera kino, enjawulo eriwo wakati w'obwannakyewa n'obufumbo mu Japan esigala nga bugazi. Okusobola okulingana tekulina kukyusizaamu nkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi kyokka, naye era n'okukyuka mu by'obufuzi. Okuleetawo enkaayaanaanya mu bitundu bya Japan eby'eby'obufuzi eby'omulembedde, ne mu nsonga z'ebyobufuzi, ne mu nsi zaayo, kyetaagisa okuleetawo obutuufu.

[[NT:0] Abakugu mu by'enkola ey'omu Japan bakubiriza Japan okugoberera etteeka erimalawo obutakkaanya chitaangala [[FLT:]BC]: ebibinja by'entono ebya Japan era n'okulwanirira eddembe ly'ekika kya [