Chiyambi: Likulu la Mavuto

Canberra, likulu la dziko la Australia, kaŵirikaŵiri amasonyezedwa ndi ulamuliro wake wandale zadziko, ndalama zopezedwa ndi oulutsira nkhani, ndi malo olinganizidwa a m’mizinda. Komabe kumbuyo kwa fano limeneli lakulinganiza kuli vuto lalikulu la chitaganya: kusoŵa pokhala. M’zaka khumi zapitazo, chiŵerengero cha anthu osoŵa pokhala mu Australian Capital Territory (AC) chakula kwambiri ku kukula kwa chiŵerengero cha anthu, malingaliro otokosa kuti kulemera kumatetezera mzinda kuchokera ku ku ku kusoŵa kwa nyumba.

Malinga ndi Bureau of Statistics data ya ku Australia, anthu 1,737 amene analibe nyumba usiku wa kuŵerengera anthu 2021, akukwera kuchokera pa 1,32 mu 2016 . 41% akuwonjezeka ndi mabwalo a dziko. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo ogona mokakala, anthu opeza bwino, ogona, ndiponso mabanja okhala m’nyumba zodzaza kwambiri. Vutoli likuchitika chifukwa cha mavuto a zachuma, kusiyana kwa malamulo, ndi kulephera kwa dongosolo la zinthu pa zonse ziŵiri, za boma ndi za m'dziko.

Kumvetsa mmene malamulo a anthu amasinthira . Ndipo nthaŵi zina vutoli limakulirakulira kwa aliyense wokhudzidwa ndi kulinganiza chitaganya, mautumiki a zachikhalidwe, kapena kupanga zosankha zandale. Nkhaniyi ikufufuza mmene malamulo a boma ndi a kumaloko amakhudzira kusoŵa kwa nyumba kwa Canberra, ikusonyeza zophophonya zowopsa, ndi njira zopimira kuti zithandize kwambiri, komanso kuti zikhale zogwirizana.

Ntchito Yopanga Malamulo: Kugula Ndalama, Machenjera, ndi Maperesenti

Boma la Australia limapereka udindo wothandiza mayiko kupeza ndalama, kukonza njira zomanga nyumba, ndi kupereka mapangano akuluakulu oyendetsera ntchito ku mayiko ndi madera ena. Kwa zaka zambiri, boma lakhala likuthandiza kwambiri kukhazikitsa malamulo a boma.

Chikalata cha Boma Chonena za Kumanga Nyumba ndi Kusoŵa Kokhala (NHHA)

Programu ya boma yapansi ndi ya National Hoss and Homes Agreement (NHA) , yomwe inayamba mu 2018, kulondola pangano loyamba la National Affordive House Adrease. Kupyolera ku NHA, Commonwealth imapereka ndalama zoikizira ku maboma ndi magawo [1] Kuphatikizapo ALC , kupereka mautumiki a anthu osoŵa pokhala, nyumba za anthu, ndi ntchito zokhoza kugula nyumba. M’chaka cha 20222-23, Act , inalandira pafupifupi $7 miliyoni pansi pa maprogramungwe a NHA osoŵa pokhala, owonjezera ndi ndalama zothandizira kumanga nyumba za anthu.

Komabe NHHA yasulizidwa kwambiri. Australian Howary ndi Urban Research Institute (AHURI) inapeza kuti ndalama za dziko zakhala zopanda maziko kuyambira 2010, pamene kuli kwakuti ndalama zokhala ndi zofunidwa zawonjezeka. Zopendera 2022 za NHLA za ndalama sizinalongedzedwe ku kukula kwa anthu kapena CPI, kutanthauza kuti chuma cha ACC chatsikadia munthu aliyense. Ankhondo ameneŵa akupereka ntchito kuti afutukule chuma chochepa chaka chilichonse.

Komanso, NHHA siifuna kuti anthu azikhala ndi nyumba zambiri. Imachititsa mavuto aakulu monga “anthu opanda nyumba kapena osowa pokhala kukhala ndi nyumba zodalirika. Koma imapereka nzeru zakuya za mmene angakwaniritsire. Njira imeneyi yogaŵikana imachititsa kuti utumiki ukhale wosagwirizana m’mayiko osiyanasiyana ndipo imapangitsa kuti boma likhale lovuta kuyankha mlandu pa mlingo uliwonse wa boma.

Kupyola pa NHA, malamulo a boma a chisungiko cha kakhalidwe, kusamuka, ndi msonkho amayambukira kwambiri upandu wa kusoŵa pokhala. Job Reacher Precion ndi [FLT]] . .RT Ndi otsutsa otetezera, komabe kupereŵera kwawo kuli kokwanira. Kwa 2024, mlingo umodzi wa Commonfector Rentalvial Alvicium [30% ya msika wa nyuzikiti, kusiya olandira ndi mpata waukulu wokwanira. 2023 ndi Australian Council Services (ACOS) anapeza kuti pambuyo pa kupereka ndalama, olandira ambiri m'ma Cern Canbource ali ndi ochepera pa 100 sabata imodzi, ndi kubweretsa kwa mankhwala, ndi kusoŵa kwa kusungitsa kwa mankhwala.

Njira yothandizira kusamutsira anthu imathandizanso. Osunga ma visa a kanthaŵi kochepa oyang'anizana ndi kusweka kwa mabanja kapena kutayikiridwa kwa ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri amagwera m’masikito otetezerako anthu chifukwa chakuti sangakhoze kupeza nyumba za anthu kapena ndalama zochirikizidwa. Njirazo zili ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha ophunzira a m’maiko osiyanasiyana ndi antchito aluso a kanthaŵi kochepa, ambiri okhala m’makonzedwe ovuta, osachitidwa mwamwayi ndi ziŵerengero za boma. Pamene anthu ameneŵa amakhala opanda nyumba zalamulo, ali ndi njira zochepa zopezera nyumba zosungira.

Mu 2019, boma la boma linatulutsa Kukopa ndi Kusakhala Panyumba: A National Strategy , njira yoyamba yoteroyo m'zaka khumi. Cholinga chopanga nyumba zatsopano za mayanjano ndi zokhoza kuchuluka zaka zisanu, koma inalephera kukhazikitsa malo a ntchito ya Act. Pafupifupi 2024, kupita patsogolo kwachitika pang’onopang’ono: osakwanira theka la nyumba zolinganizidwazo zaperekedwa m’dziko lonse, ndipo projekitiyo yawonjezera kokha pafupifupi nyumba zogonamo zokwana 300 zatsopano kuyambira 202020.

Kuteteza Kotchedwa Covid - 19: Mwayi Wophonya

M’nthaŵi ya mliriwo, kuwonjezera kwa kanthaŵi kochepa mu Job Reserser ndi kuchotsa mabomba ku Canberra. Boma la Act linasimba kuti 25% ya kutsika kwa kusoŵa kwa nyumba mu 2020. Komabe, pamene kuwonjezerako kunachotsedwa ndi ma moratorium adatha, manambala anatha. Zimenezi zinasonyeza lamulo la boma limenelo Canbon [1] mofulumira kuletsa kusowa pokhala pamene ndalama zokwanira za magetsi zakhala zikusowa. Koma andale a zandale ayamba kuchirikiza kukwera mitengo.

Kuyamba kwa Zikhalidwe ndi Chikhalidwe cha M’deralo

Ngakhale kuti boma limaika malamulo aakuluwo, boma la ACT (kudzera m’gulu la ACT Legislative Assembly ndi bungwe la ACT DEC COM CONS) ndi ziŵiya za m’deralo zoyendera zinthu zapadera za mzindawo, za kuchulukana kwa anthu, ndi zandale.

Zochita za Boma: Anthu Ofuna Kuwapulumutsa Mwachinyengo

Mu 2022, boma la Act ilo linakhazikitsa Malo ake osungira ndi Kusasunga Nyumba 20222 [1] , amene akufuna kuchepetsa kusowa pokhala pofika 2027 ndi kupeza tulo tabwino podzafika 2025. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kulonjeza kumanga nyumba zatsopano 600 kwa zaka zinayi, kuikizira madola 100 miliyoni m'nyumba za anthu, ndi kuyambitsa “chitsanzo cha moyo wachikhalire choyambirira .

Kufikira pano, zotsatirapo zasanganizidwa. Boma lapereka pafupifupi nyumba za anthu 200 zatsopano kuyambira pamene njirayo inapangidwa, kuika paupandu pa 600-unit . Mndandanda wa kudikira nyumba wawonjezeka kufika ku mabanja oposa 3,000, ndi avareji yoyembekezera nthaŵi zoposa zaka ziŵiri. Masinthidwe a cholinga chofuna kusonkhezera nyumba zachinsinsi zokhoza kugulitsidwa. Zonga [[FLT: 0] amaloŵa pa dziko la msonkho kaamba ka kumanga ndi kumanga ntchito zina [1] [1]

Komabe, njira zina za kumaloko zasonyeza lonjezo. Kukopa Act Rapid Rehousing Program , yoyambitsidwa mu 202, imapereka chithandizo cha kanthaŵi ndi oyang'anira a zachuma kuthandiza anthu opanda nyumba kukhala otetezeka mwamsanga. Kufufuza koyambirira kwa University of Canberra kunapeza kuti 78% ya otengamo mbali anakhalabe m’nyumba pambuyo pa miyezi 18, akumapereka lingaliro lakuti kachitidwe ka kumaloko kangayendetseke bwino ngakhale popanda chichirikizo cha boma.

Gulu la Anthu: Anthu Analabadira

Mabungwe osakhala a boma akudzaza mipata yowopsa yotsalira ndi maprogramu a boma. Malo atatu aakulu osamalira oyendetsa ku Canberra:

  • Toora Women Inc. imapereka malo ovuta ndi chichirikizo kwa akazi ndi ana othaŵa chiwawa chapanyumba. Bungwelo posachedwapa linasimba kuti mkazi mmodzi mwa 5 anachoka pamalo ake osungirako ngozi chifukwa cha kusoŵa kwa mlengalenga.
  • St Vincent de Paul Society [[FL:1] imayendetsa malo olondera usiku ndi malo a anthu ku Civic, kugaŵira chakudya, malo osungiramo madzi, ndi maheatriral. Antchito awo ofikira ku yunivesite akusimba kuwonjezeka kwa 40% mwa olankhulana kuyambira 2020.
  • Uchinyamata wa ACT ugwirizanitsa kuletsa kwachisawawa kwa achichepere kusoŵa pokhala, kuphatikizapo mautumiki oulutsira zinthu kuthandiza achichepere kupeŵa kusweka kwa mabanja [1] chochititsa chachikulu cha kusowa pokhala kwa achichepere ku Canberra.

Mabungwe ameneŵa amadalira kwambiri pa ndalama zimene boma la boma ndi la Act, koma kaŵirikaŵiri ndalama zimakhala zanthaŵi yochepa ndipo zimayenderana ndi ndale. Actal Service Service Service Service (2023) adazindikira kuti 60% ya mapangano a utumiki afunikira kukhala a miyezi 12 kapena yocheperapo, kupangitsa kukhala kosatheka kusunga antchito odziŵa bwino kapena kulinganiza zochita zanthaŵi yaitali.

Thanzi la Maganizo ndi Mautumiki Othandiza

Matenda a maganizo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi zonse ziŵiri zochititsa ndi zotsatira za kusoŵa pokhala. M'AC, pafupifupi 43% ya achikulire opanda nyumba ali ndi matenda a maganizo, poyerekezera ndi 22% ya anthu onse. Boma lapanga mautumiki ogwirizana, monga ngati MPUNDO ] MAUPART (MEATH PORLD ASSESment ndi Referral Team) , imene imagwirizanitsa ndi anamwino a maganizo ndi antchito a nyumba. Pamene kuli kwakuti maprogramu ameneŵa adakali operewera ndi ntchito yopangidwa ndi matenda aakulu a maganizo.

Federal kusekedwa kwa National Disability Inshuwalansi Scheme (NDIS) Imakhudzanso zotsatira za nyumba. Anthu ambiri opanda nyumba okhala ndi matenda a maganizo amapezedwa osatheka kuchirikiza NDIS, kuwasiya iwo akudalira pa ntchito yoikidwa ndi boma ya maprogramu okonzedwa mwapang'onopang'ono amene alibe mphamvu yofunikira kuti achire.

Mavuto a Malamulo ndi Osokoneza Bongo

Ngakhale kuti takambiranapo za kafukufukuyu, ku Canberra kudakali vuto lalikulu kwambiri.

Vuto la Kusoŵa Kokhala m’Nyumba

Mtengo wa nyumba ya Canberra youlutsira nkhani wakwera kufika pa $900,000 . Wachiŵiri wapamwamba mu Australia pambuyo pa Sydney. Malendi atsatira suti, ndi lendi ya mlungu ndi mlungu ya chipinda cha chipinda chachiŵiri choposa $50. Kuwonjezeka kwa anthu a Rapid, kosonkhezeredwa ndi kufutukuka kwa utumiki wa onse ndi yunivesite, kwawononga nyumba zotsala. Cholinga cha boma cha kumanga nyumba zatsopano 6,000 pachaka sichinafikirepo; mu 2023, kutha kwake kunali 4 200.

Malamulo odzikongoletsa olinganizidwa kuwonjezera kulemera kwa zinthu . monga ngati kumanga m'midzi ya mkati pafupi ndi mabasi a anthu onse . adayang'anizana ndi chitsutso kuchokera kwa nzika zokhazikitsidwa ndi makomiti olinganiza a bungwe. 2022 ndi ACPUION anapeza kuti dongosolo la kulinganiza gawolo “sinali lothandiza kugaŵira zotsala za nyumba zokwera, [1] kutchula kuchedwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kosakwanira kwa kulumikizidwa.

Kulephera Kugwirizana Pakati pa Maudindo a Mapilo ndi Malo

Kugawanika kwa maudindo pakati pa Commonwealth ndi Act kumayambitsa zisonkhezero zolakwika. Ndalama za boma zosowa pokhala zimapangitsa mautumiki osoŵa pokhala, koma njira yochitira zimenezi imakhudza kuchuluka kwa nyumba za anthu ndi kukonza. Sizingathetse vuto lokha, koma palibe njira yadongosolo yokonzera zinthu zoyendera pamodzi. NHA yamakonoyi ili ndi chifukwa cha kubwezera ndalama mu 2025, koma zizindikiro zoyambirira kuchokera ku Canberra zimasonyeza kuti cholinga cha Commonealism cha kusungilira chitsanzo chake cha ndalama m’malo mwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yogwirizana ndi zinthu zoikidwiramo.

Ndiponso, malamulo a msonkho a boma apeza ndalama za msonkho ndi kuchepetsa ndi kukonza zinthu zolakwika kwa akatswiri a zachuma monga momwe amadziŵira kukwera kwa ndalama zogulitsira nyumba. Boma la Actal lilibe ulamuliro pa zipangizo zimenezi, ndipo kutsutsa kwa ndale zadziko kwa kusintha kukupitiriza kutentha. Lipoti la 2023 la Grattan Institute linayerekezera kuti kuchotsa digiri yachilendo kungachepetse mtengo wa nyumba mu ACT ndi 5 /10%, kumasula kuperekedwa kokhoza kukwera mtengo kwa ndalama.

Chizoloŵezi Chochepetsa Mautumiki Otetezera

Maboma onse aŵiri amapatula zinthu zambiri kuti achitepo kanthu pamavuto kuposa kuteteza. Mu 2023, 12 peresenti yokha ya ndalama zothandizira kusoŵa pokhala za boma ndi za kumaloko ndizo zinaperekedwa ku mautumiki amene amaletsa kusoŵa pokhala kuchitika poyambapo. Monga chithandizo cha lendi, kutumiza, ndi chithandizo chalamulo kwa ogona kuyang'anizana ndi kuthamangitsidwa. Otsalawo anapita ku malo opulumukirako, kutulukira m’khwalala, ndi nyumba zosinthira.

Kusalinganizika kumeneku sikungakhoze. Kukwera mtengo kwa tsiku limodzi m'nyumba ya mavuto ya Canberra kuli pafupifupi $160 pa kama, pamene kuli kwakuti tsiku la chithandizo cha boma liwonongetsa $30. Kufufuza kwa 2021 kwa Australian Homes ndi Urban Research Institute kunapeza kuti ndalama zonse zowonongedwa poteteza kusoŵa pokhala zimasunga $1.40 pa ndalama za mavuto. Komabe opanga malamulo achedwa kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendetsera transmin train.

Malangizo Amtsogolo: Kumanga Ntchito Yothandiza

Umboni umasonyeza kuti pakufunika kusintha kofulumira kwambiri m’mayiko osiyanasiyana, ndipo palibe njira zothetsera vutolo mwamsanga, koma onsewo angathetse kukwera kwa zinthu ndi kuyamba ntchito yaitali yochepetsa kusowa pokhala ku Canberra.

Kulinganiza Zinthu Kosakwanira

Chipangano chotsatira cha NHA chiyenera kuphatikizapo zomangika, zomangira, zogwirizana zochepetsera kusowa pokhala, ndi zilango za osagwirizana. Boma la SEC liyenera kukambirana ndi mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi boma wogwirizanitsa ndalama ndi zotsatirapo zokhoza kuchitika. Zonga kuchepetsa chiŵerengero cha ogona movutikira ndi 50% kapena kufupikitsa a avereji ya nthaŵi ya kudikira nyumba za anthu. Kukambirana pamodzi pakati pa Actal ndi Office ndi Office ya Dipatimenti ya Social Asseal Department kuwongolera kuŵerengera mlandu.

Kusinthanitsa Malo Oyambirira Otetezera ndi Kukonza Zogona

Maboma onse aŵiri ayenera kulinganiza ndalama zimene amawononga poyambirira kuloŵerera. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera “Private Rental Inking Program ya Active ” imene imapereka ngongole zogwirizana ndi kubwereka ndalama za lendi kungateteze ku kuthamangitsidwa kwa nyumba 1,000 pachaka. Fakitale Yoyamba ikhoza kuchepetsa kusowa pokhala kwanthaŵi yaitali m’mizinda monga Sydney ndi Newcastle . Iyenera kuikidwa mu Canberra, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito. Mpando wa Zamankhwala wokwanira madola 1 miliyoni kuti apange Loyamba ndi chiyambi chabwino, koma imafunikira kuyenderana ndi makampani aŵiri.

Kuwonjezera Makhalidwe ndi Nyumba Zokongola Kwambiri

Kusintha kwa lamulo limodzi kokhudza kwambiri ndiko kuyendetsa ntchito kwa anthu m'nyumba za anthu. ATC iyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chomanga mayunithi atsopano 1,500 m'zaka zisanu , oyendetsedwa ndi mapangano onse aŵiri a boma ndi njira zatsopano monga kutengera msonkho pa kutukulidwa kwa anthu. Commonwealth iyenera kubwezeretsa ntchito yake monga womanga nyumba zenizeni . Ntchito yomanga nyumba imatha kusiyidwa pambuyo pa 1996. Kugwirizana ndi nyumba ndi ndalama za boma zapamwamba kukhoza kuteteza likulu la boma la Victorian Bighoong.

Kusintha Msonkho

Popanda kusintha kwa kukonza zinthu zoipa ndi kuchepetsa msonkho wa malikulu, zoyesayesa zonse za kumaloko zidzakhala zosagwirizana ndi madziwo. Ochirikiza, mabungwe a chitaganya, ndi boma la ACT ayenera kupitirizabe kusonkhezera masinthidwe ameneŵa kupyolera m'matupi onga Bungwe la Maboma a Australian (COAG). Pakali pano, kachitidweko kangapereke msonkho wowonjezereka wa pa dziko pa oikizira ndalama zochulukirapo zokhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kubwezera ndalama m'kudalirana ndi nyumba zokhoza kulemera.

Madongosolo Ochirikiza Olimba a Magulu Otchuka

Pomalizira, kukumana pakati pa kusoŵa pokhala ndi mavuto ena . Chiwawa cha m'banja, matenda a maganizo, kupunduka kwa maganizo, kusintha kwa achichepere kuyenera kuchitidwa mwa kutumiza utumiki wogwirizana. Act iyenera kuyendetsa “Kusamalira ndi Referral System [1] pa mautumiki onse opanda nyumba, kutsimikizira kuti munthu wopereka kwa wopereka chithandizo aliyense alandira chithandizo choyenera kwambiri m’maola 24. Zimenezi zingafanane ndi zitsanzo zachipambano ku Finland ndi Utah, zimene zapeza kufupi ndi kusoŵa kwa nyumba kwachikhalire mwa kugwirizanitsa zinthu ndi makompyuta.

Kumaliza

Vuto la kusoŵa pokhala la Canberra siliri chotulukapo chosapeŵeka cha mphamvu zachuma; kuli, kumlingo waukulu, chotulukapo cha zosankha za malamulo zopangidwa kwa zaka makumi ambiri ponse paŵiri m'dziko ndi malo akwawo. Chigwirizano chamakono . Chisamaliro chakusungidwa kwa malowo, kuperekedwa kwa anthu, ndi kusagwirizana kwa dongosolo la zinthu ndi zotsatirapo zimene zimavulaza anthu ovutika kwambiri pamene akulimbana ndi chitaganya. Komabe njirayo ikuwonekera bwino: kutsendereza, kuyendetsa malonda kwabwino kwa kuletsa, kugulitsa ndalama zambiri m'nyumba za anthu, ndi kusintha malamulo a msonkho amene amtengo wamtengo wa ndalama zowonjezera. Kuchotsa zimenezi kumafuna kuvomereza kopitirizabe kwa ndale, kuvomerezana ndi ntchito kwa anthu. Njira inayo ndiyo kukana pangano la likulu la likulu la panganolo ndi kukwaniritsa mwaŵi wake wa kusungidwa kwa ndalama zonse.

[[ML:0] Ziŵiya:[[Mboni:1]