Kuyendera pamodzi kwa mayiko apadziko lonse opanganso mphamvu zoyendetsera zinthu ndi zoyendera mphamvu zotha kudalirana kuli vuto lalikulu la zaka za zana la 21. Chithandizo cha mayiko akunja, kuphatikiza chithandizo cha boma chopita patsogolo (ODA) ndi ndalama zoyendetsera nyengo, zimagwira ntchito monga njira zothandizira kukonzanso maluso a mphamvu zamagetsi ku Global South. Pamene kuli kwakuti nkhani za za zachuma za mphamvu zokhalanso zomanganso mphamvu zimalimbitsa chaka chilichonse, mayiko omatukuka kumene amayang'anizana ndi mtengo wokwera mtengo, kuchepa kwa zipangizo zapamwamba, ndi kuchepa kwa luso la zopanga zinthu zimene misika yachinsinsi yokha siithetsa mwamsanga. Makampani ambiri amakambirana za kulephera kukonzanso zinthu zamalonda, kuthandizira mabizinesi owonjezereka. Nkhaniyi ikufufuza chifukwa chake thandizo la maiko akunja n’kofunika kwambiri kuti likhalenso lofunikira kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kuyendetsa ntchito kwa zinthu m’malo osiyanasiyana.

Kufunika Koyenera kwa Mphamvu Zomanganso

Kusintha kwa mphamvu ya dziko lonse sikuli kokha kofunika ku malo okhala komanso mwaŵi wa kutukuka. Maiko osatukuka, kuthamanga kuti apezenso mphamvu kumapereka njira yopeŵera njira yapamwamba imene maiko otukuka anadalira. Chithandizo cha kumaiko akunja chimagwira ntchito monga njira yoyamba yopezera ndalama zopitira kupambana kumeneku, zikumagwirizanitsa kukula kwa chuma ndi kudalirana kwa nyengo.

Kusintha kwa Nyengo Ndiponso Zinthu Zapadziko Lonse

Maiko otukuka kaŵirikaŵiri ali okhoza kuthekera kwambiri ku kusintha kwa nyengo koma ali ndi mphamvu yochepa ya kuchepetsa ziyambukiro zake. Chithandizo cha maiko akunja cha ntchito monga njira yokonzanso ya maiko otukuka, amene ali ndi thayo lalikulu la mbiri yotulutsa mpweya, kulipirira njira yotsika ya kaboni. Zimenezi zimayendera ndi Chikalata 9 cha Chikalata cha Paris, chimene chimalamula maiko otukuka kupereka chuma chothandizira maiko omatukuka. Chithandizo choloŵetsedwa m'kukonzanso mphamvu zokhalanso ndi malo ochotsera zinthu zoipa, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa dziko lonse. Chichirikizo kuchokera ku [FLT:] FCCC CC CC CC Clegialgial plagial [FFF:1] kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zikuyendera ntchito za ku kugwetsedwa kwa nyengo, kupanga ndalama zambiri zosinthasinthasinthasintha kwa dziko lonse lapansi.

Mphamvu Zopezeka ndi Zolinga Zothandiza

Pafupifupi 675 miliyoni padziko lonse alibe magetsi, ambiri a iwo amakhala ku Sub-Saharan Africa. Chithandizo chakunja n’chomwe chimakonzedwanso bwino kwambiri. Chonga madongosolo a nyumba aang'ono ndi kuima kwa munthu mmodzi. Chimaimira njira yopambana kwambiri yopezera Chitukuko 7 (Affordible and Clean Energy organ Energy ). Mosiyana ndi kufutukulidwa kwa mlingo, kumene kuli kotchedwa likulu la , ndi kochedwa kutumiza, maprojekiti okonzekedwa ndi okonzedwanso angaikidwe mofulumira m'madera akutali. Aid imalola kuti malonda ayambirire ndi magetsi apite patsogolo kwambiri.

Kuchirikiza Chuma ndi Kudziimira Pawokha pa Mphamvu Zamagetsi

Kudalira mafuta otengedwa kunja kumathandiza kuti chuma chikhale ndi mavuto aakulu padziko lonse komanso kuti dziko liziyenda bwino. Mwa kupereka ndalama zothandizira anthu kukhalanso ndi zinthu monga kuwala kwa dzuwa, malo osungirako mphepo, ndi malo osungirako mpweya, chithandizo chakunja chimalimbikitsa chitetezo cha dziko. Mphamvu zopangidwa m'dzikolo zimasungabe mphamvu zachuma m'dzikolo ndipo zimayambitsa unyolo wa ndalama za m’nyumba kuti zithandize pa ntchito ndi kukonza bwino. Kuthandiza mayiko ena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyambira ntchito popanga zinthu, monga kusonkhanitsa makampani kapena kumanga mathira a mafakitale, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa maindasitale. Kutumiza mafuta kudziko kutumiza ndalama ku makampani a zachuma kudzikolo kumathandiza kuti boma apereke ndalama zothandizira ntchito zaumoyo, maphunziro, ndi kukonza mabizinesi.

Makina Othandizira Anthu Achilendo

Chithandizo chachilendo sichikusintha ndalama, koma chimagwira ntchito kudzera m’zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zopangidwa ndi zipangizo zoimbira, zimene cholinga chake n’kuthetsa zinthu zimene zingapangitse kuti mphamvuzo zikhalenso zotha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kupereka Ndalama ku Ndalama za Malo ndi Malo Opereka Ndalama

Chithandizo chachilendo ndicho kulola. Mabanki a zomangamanga ambiri (MDBs) monga World Development Bank, ndi African Development Bank, limodzi ndi mabungwe a zithandizo zachitukuko, amapereka ngongole pa ndalama zotsika ndi ndalama zowonjezera. Mapepala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphikira chithandizo cha maluso a zomangamanga, kukonza maprojekiti, ndi kuteteza anthu. Makampaniwa amavuta chifukwa chakuti likulu la zachinsinsi lokha limalimbana ndi ndalama zogulira katundu wapamwamba ndi kuopsa kwa ndale za ntchito zazikulu zoyambiranso m'masitolo. Aid amachepetsa mtengo wolemera wa ndalama wa ndalama (WACC), kupanga maprojekiti othandizira kukonzanso zinthu zotsala zamtengo wapatali. Popanda kuyendetsa zinthu zapalensi, zambiri zotsala ndi mphepo za m'masitolo za m'mafakitale ongo.

Thandizo la Zopangapanga ndi Ntchito Yomanga

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kumaimira theka lokha la njira yothetsera. Maluso a ntchito, ukatswiri wa mapulogalamu, ndi kukonza zinthu zofunikira kuti ntchito ipambane. Mabungwe a zachuma ophunzitsa za Ophunzitsa (ToT), mapulogalamu a maphunziro a zamaphunziro a yunivesite, ndi ntchito zothandizira kukonza mapulogalamu a mphamvu zamagetsi. The World Bank's LenerSectuoror Againment program ([FLD:0]] ASMAP ) imapatsa thandizo lapadziko lonse, kuthandiza mayiko kupanga mameti a mphamvu zomanganso, kukonzanso mphamvu zosinthasinthasintha m'mazira, ndi kayendetsedwe ka zinthu. Zimenezi zikutsimikizira kuti mayiko akukhala ndi madongosolo awo a mphamvu.

Kuchirikiza Lamulo ndi Chitsogozo

Chithandizo chakunja kaŵirikaŵiri chimabwera mu mtundu wa opiditsa a zachuma m'mabungwe a zachuma kapena a mphamvu. Zimenezi zimathandiza kukonzanso malamulo a mphamvu, kukhazikitsa chakudya cha m'malamulo, kupanga makampani opikisana, ndi kukhazikitsa miyezo ya malo okhala. Malo ozungulira ndi oonekera bwino ndi chimodzi cha zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti akope ndalama zachinsinsi. Aid imathandizira kupanga dongosolo limeneli mwa kupenda kwalamulo, ndi kufunsira kwa osungitsa. Maboma amathandiza kuchepetsa ngozi za kutsogolo mwa kupereka zitsimikizo zachifumu kapena zaupandu, zimene zili zofunika kwambiri kuti munthu adalitse ndalama zoyendetsera ndalama zake m'mabungwe apamwamba.

Kukonzekera Ntchito ndi Kupititsa Patsogolo

Mabutterneck apadera ogwiritsira ntchitonso mphamvu m'maiko omatukuka ndilo kusoŵeka kwa ntchito zosungika. Mabungwe a thandizo amapeza ndalama zofunikira kuyambika kwa ntchito yomanga, kuphatikizapo kupenda malo okhala, kufufuza kwa mphepo, ndi mapu a ufulu wa dziko. "Kukonzekera" ndi chigawo chachikulu, ndipo omanga malonda kaŵirikaŵiri safuna kutenga mtengo wapamwamba m'malo osatsimikizirika. Cederation Proclation Facillaties (PFs) yothandizidwa ndi opereka mphatso za ufulu wochuluka wa ntchito zimene pambuyo pake zingakope ogulitsa ndalama ndi opanga malonda.

Kufufuza za Matenda ndi Kupita Patsogolo kwa chigawo

Kumaiko onse osatukuka, chithandizo cha kumaiko akunja chatheketsa ntchito zamagetsi zomakonzedwanso zimene zasintha chuma chakumaloko ndi kuwongolera moyo.

Kumunsi- Faroni Africa: Madidyali a Dzuŵa Ang’onoang’ono ndi Ogwiritsa Ntchito

Kulimbikitsa kwa makampani a kumidzi kwa Kenya, kochirikizidwa kwambiri ndi World Bank, European Union, ndi atsamwali a zigawo kuphatikizapo United Kingdom ndi Germany, kuonetsa mphamvu yosintha ya chithandizo. Thandizo la zopangapanga loperekedwa ndi maluso linathandiza kukhazikitsa njira yamphamvu ya Kenya Power ya pasadale, pamene ikuchirikiza kumanga nyumba zachinsinsi za omanga a dzuŵa zoima pang'ono kwambiri m'maungwe othamanga. Nyanja ya Turkana Wind Power Provice project, famu yaikulu kwambiri ya mphepo mu Africa, kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zotsekedwa kuchokera ku European Investices ndi zachinsinsi kupereka mphamvu yodalirika ku gript . Chitsocho chapita kupyola pa "kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamphamvu, kukonza makampani a zaulimi, mabizinesi, ndi ma chipatala akumidzi akumidzi, kukonza ndi ku projekiti a m'dziko.

Ku South Asia: Kupima Maprogramu a Dziko Pogwiritsira Ntchito Ndalama Zoyendetserana ndi Ndalama

Kukula kwa mphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuŵa kunakula kwambiri ndi njira za Global Environment Facility ndi mabinadal (GEZI). Kumbuyoku kuthandizira Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) kuthandizira de-risk kuyambitsa, kuitheketsa kukhala galimoto yoyamba yogulitsa malo ochezera a dzuŵa pa maprogramu apamwamba a zamagetsi. Ku Bangladesh, Infracreast Development Company Libed (ICOL), yochirikizidwa ndi World Bank Development Association (IDA), yopanga golide, ndi opereka ndalama, inapanga programu yaikulu ya pa mapulogalamu a dzuŵa. Programu ya pa anthu oposa 20 miliyoni, kuti aperekere magetsi okongola kale ndi magalasi opereka magetsi.

Kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa Asia ndi Pacific: Kutentha kwa madzi ndi Kukhazikika kwa Mtsinje

Indonesia ndi Philippines ali ndi kutentha kwamphamvu kwa nthaka, koma mtengo wapamwamba wa kutsogolo kwa kupima kumakhala chopinga chachikulu. Thandizo lakunja kuchokera ku World Bank ndi Global Environment Facility lachirikiza maprogramu ofufuza a kuchepetsa ngozi, kuthandiza kutsimikizira kusungidwa kwa mabomba ndi kuchititsa kuwonjezereka kwa magetsi a dziko. M'maiko a Pacific Island, amene amayang'anizana ndi kudalira kwambiri mafuta ndi kuwonongeka kwa nyengo, chithandizo chikuchirikiza kukwera kwa dzuŵa ndi ntchito zokonzanso mphamvu za magetsi. Maprogramu ameneŵa ndi ofunika kumanga ndi kuteteza mphamvu ya kukhazikika kwa nyengo ndi kuteteza mphamvu m'malo ena a padziko lapansi.

Mavuto Amene Amakumana Nawo Ndiponso Ntchito Zothandiza Anthu Kuchepetsa Madzi

Pamene kuli kwakuti chithandizo chakunja chimathandiza kwambiri pa mphamvu yobwezeretsedwa, mbaliyo ili ndi mavuto ake.

Kuthandiza Anthu Ogwira Ntchito Kwanthaŵi Yaitali

Njira yofala yothandizira ndi yothandiza kukonza magetsi ndi "njovu yoyera" ntchito, kumene zipangizo zimawonongeka m'zaka zingapo chifukwa cha kusoŵeka kwa ndalama zothandizira kapena luso la zopangapanga. Maprogramu a chithandizo ayenera kukonzedwa ndi mapulani olimba osamalira, manyowa a kumaloko osungira zinthu monga zosungira ndi magetsi, ndi maphunziro okhalitsa othandizira oyendetsa ntchito kuyambira pachiyambi. Kusumika maganizo pa "kulimba kwa dziko" kumafuna ntchito kupanga ndalama zokwanira zoyendera pa mtengo wa moyo wawo, osati mbali yokha yomanga. A Donor akufunikira kwambiri mapangano a utumiki wanthaŵi yaitali ndi ntchito yogwirizana ndi mapangano othandizira ntchito kuti athandize kuchepetsa ngozi imeneyi.

Kugwirizana ndi Zofunika za Mphamvu za Malowo ndi Malamulo a Maulamuliro

Maprogramu a chithandizo chapamwamba nthaŵi zina angapange madongosolo amene sagwirizana ndi njira zofunidwa za kumaloko, chikhalidwe, kapena mapulani a bungwe lothandiza a dziko. Maluso ogwira ntchito amafuna kukambirana kwakuya kwa anthu ndi kumvetsetsa bwino ntchito zachuma. Kulamulira kosathandiza kungatsogolere kugwidwa ndi zinthu zotsala za pansi pa nthaka zomalemba kapena ndi boma zimene sizifuna kukhazikitsa mphamvu zamphamvu zothandizira kukonzanso mphamvu. Aidism ponena za kuwonekera bwino, kupikisana, ndi kudziimira kwaumwini n’kofunika kusamala, koma kukakamizidwa ndi opereka chithandizo mosalekeza kuti ntchito zawo zipereke chiyambukiro chawo chofuna kukonzanso.

Kuyesa Zomwe Zikuchitikadi Ndiponso Zowonjezera

Sikwabwino kuŵerengera ma megawatt oikidwa monga chipambano chokha. Chiyambukiro chiyenera kuyesedwa m'nkhani za ntchito zopangidwa, kugwiritsira ntchito parafini kuchotsedwa, malipiro opangidwa ndi mabizinesi a akazi oyenda ndi kuchepetsa kuipitsa kwa m'mlengalenga . Lingaliro la "kuthanso" likufunsa funso lofunika: Kodi chithandizocho chinapangitsa ntchitoyi kuchitika, kapena chikapitiriza popanda wopereka thandizo? Kuwonjezereka kwa mtengo wa malo owonongekera a dzuŵa ndi mphepo n’kovuta kwambiri koma kumakhala kofunikirabe kulipindulira misonkho ya opereka msonkho m'maiko opereka. Kufufuza ndi kutsimikizira kodzidalira ndi zotsatirapo kwaumwini ndiko kofunika kwambiri kuti anthu apitirizebe kukhulupirirana m’makonzedwe a .

M’tsogolomu Malo Opangira Magetsi

Mpata wa ndalama wopezera mphamvu zomanganso m’maiko osatukuka umayesedwa ndi madola mamiliyoni zikwizikwi, kuposa kwambiri mphamvu ya ma bajeti amwambo a ODA.

Kutenga Ndalama ndi Kupha Anthu

Mapeto a chithandizo chakunja m'chigawo cha mphamvu zamagetsi ali m'zandalama zogwirizana. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsira ntchito ndalama zovomerezeka ku mipata ya zoikizira ndalama zopitira kumbuyo, mwa kukopa osungitsa ndalama monga ndalama za penshoni ndi chuma cha mwini kukhala ndi maziko a mphamvu zoyambiranso m'misika yomwe ikubuka. Mwa kupereka makampani oyamba, opereka ndalama angatenge ngozi yoyamba, kupanga ndalama zambiri zokongola kwambiri kuti zikhale zoika moyo pangozi. Mabungwe a Aid akupanganso zida zatsopano zimene zimabisa kuopsa kwa ndale, ngozi ya ndalama, ndi kulephera kuiwala, zonse zimene zili zopinga zazikulu za malonda achinsinsi m'maiko omatukuka.

Kugwirizana kwa Kummwera kwa South - South ndi Antchito Atsopano Opereka Ndalama

Chitsanzo chamwambo cha OECD chikuwonjezera kuwonjezereka kwa kugwirizana kwa ku South- South. Maiko onga China, India, ndi United Arabhu Emirates akupereka ngongole zazikulu ndi kupereka ndalama kaamba ka ntchito za mphamvu zobwezeretsedwa mu Afirika, Asia, ndi Latin America. Chikalata cha China ndi Road Initive, mwachitsanzo, chakhala chochokera pa kusumika maganizo pa mphamvu ya malasha kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa ndalama m'mlengalenga, mphepo, ndi ntchito za hydrot . Kuwonjezereka kwa miagwero a ndalama kumapereka njira zina zolandirira zowonjezereka koma kumayambitsanso mavuto okhudzana ndi kulamulira miyezo, zitetezero za malo okhalako, ndi ngongole. Kuchirikiza kuyendetsa ndalama zosiyanasiyana zimenezi kudzakhala chitokosoko chachikulu kwa chitaganya cha mitundu yonse m’zaka khumi zikubwera.

Ntchito ya Mabanki Otukuka (MDBs)

MDB zikusintha mphamvu zawo pochitapo kanthu pa pangano la Paris. Iwo akuchoka mofulumira kuchoka pa kuchirikiza mafuta ndi gasi kukwera ndi projekiti za m'madzi ndipo akuika pepala lawo pa mphamvu zoyera, kukonza makono, ndi mphamvu. Chisinthiko cha mabungwe ameneŵa, chokakamizidwa ndi mayiko onse aŵiri opereka ndi olandira, chidzalamulira kuyenda kwa ndalama za dziko lonse za nyengo. Ntchito yawo pokhazikitsa miyezo ya zomangamanga, kupereka zitsimikizo zoikitsa, ndi kutumiza Green Climate Fund (GF) idzakhalabe yofunika. MDBS imaikidwa mwapadera ku maprojekiti aang'ono omangidwanso ndi owonjezereka ku makampani aakulu kwambiri omwe amakopa anthu padziko lonse lapansi, mwakutero akugwetsa mpata pakati pa ntchito zamalonda ndi malonda apadziko lonse.

Kumaliza

Chithandizo chakunja chidakali chida chofunika kwambiri m'kuyesayesa kwa dziko lonse kulimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kuthetsa umphaŵi wa mphamvu. Pamene kuli kwakuti chimayang'anizana ndi kudalirana kwabwino ponena za kuyendetsa bwino zinthu, kusungika, ndi kulinganiza ndi zosoŵa za kumaloko, kugwiritsira ntchito kwapadera kwa ndalama, kuchirikiza maluso a zomangamanga, ndi kukambitsirana kwa njira zamakono kwakhala kuwonjezereka m'madera amene asiya. Kusumika maganizo kwambiri kuyenera kutembenukira ku ku luso lapamwamba, chithandizo chapadera chimene chimapangitsa kulinganiza kwaumwini, kukhala ndi malo akunja, ndi kuyang'anira kwakukulu kwa . Kusintha ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mphamvu ndiko ntchito yapadziko lonse, ndipo chithandizo chachilendo chimagwira ntchito yogwirizana ndi zinthu zachuma ndi maiko osatukuka. Kupitirizabe kuyeretsa njira zimenezi ndi kuphunzira kwa zokumana ndi zochitika zakale, dziko lonse lingalimbitse chitukurire chitukuko chake, kuyendetsa ntchito yake yachuma ndi kuyendetsa ntchito ya kuyendetsa malo akwawo.