Kulankhula monga chinthu chochititsa chidwi cha ulamuliro wa democracy, kupatsa nzika mphamvu ya kuumba malamulo, atsogoleri, ndi malamulo amene amalongosola chitaganya chawo. M'dziko limene ufulu wa anthu kaŵirikaŵiri umakhala wovuta ndipo nthaŵi zina wofooka, kuzindikira kufunika kwakukulu kwa kuvota sikuli kokha njira yamaphunziro ya maphunziro. Kusankha kulikonse kumapatsa mpata wa kusonkhezera njira za chitaganya, mtundu, ndi ngakhale zochitika za dziko. Komabe mamiliyoni a oyenerera amakhalabe pambali pa zisokosokonezo, mphwayi, kapena ziletso za dongosolo. Nkhaniyi imapenda za mbiri ya chisinthiko, mbali yake yofunika m'mapanga ma democracy, zopimira, zopinga zimene zikupitiriza, ndi njira zimene timayendera kugwirizanitsa anthu.

Mbiri ya Kutulutsa Masinja

Ufulu wa kuvota, wotchulidwa kaŵirikaŵiri kukhala wosankha, wayenda ulendo wautali ndi wovuta. Ku Athens wakale, wolingaliridwa mofala kukhala kumene demokrase inabadwira, kuvota kunalekezedwa kwa nzika zachimuna zimene zinali ndi malo (kupatula akazi, akapolo, ndi alendo. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pake, maboma ambiri analetsa kusanthula anthu apamwamba. Magna Carta mu 1215 anafesa mbewu zoyambirira za ulamuliro wa woimira ku England, koma onse anakhalabe loto lakutali. Kufikira zaka za zana la 19 ndi 20 kumene magulu a kakhalidwe anayamba kutsutsa zimenezi.

Kuyenda Monyansitsa kwa Akazi

Nkhondo ya ufulu wosankha akazi inakula m'ma 1800. M'chaka cha 1848, Seneca Falls Convention ku United States inatulutsa chikalata cha Seneca Falls chofuna ufulu wolingana, kuphatikizapo voti. Apainiya onga Susan B. Anthony ndi Elizabeth Cady Stanton ananyozedwa, kumangidwa, ndi kutsutsidwa kwapoyera. Komabe, m’zaka makumi ambiri za kulinganiza, kusonkhezera, ndi kusamvera kwa anthu, akazi ku New Zealand anakhala oyamba kupeza ufulu wa dziko lonse wosankha mu 1893. United States inatsatira ndi Demendment of the 19th Reformation mu 1920, ndipo mitundu ina yambiri inakula pang’onopang’ono pambuyo pa Nkhondo ya Dziko I ndi Nkhondo II.

Gulu la Ufulu Wachiŵeniŵeni ndi Lamulo Lopereka Ufulu Wachibadwidwe

Ngakhale pambuyo pa zitsimikizo za lamulo lalamulo, magulu ambiri anachotsedwa bwino lomwe mwa malamulo opatula ufulu, misonkho yofunsira, mayeso ofufuza kulemba ndi kulemba, ndi kuopseza. ku United States, Civil Rights Movement ya ma 1950 ndi 1960 adayang'anizana mwachindunji ndi kupanda chilungamo kumeneku. Zochitika monga Selma wa ku Montgomey ku ulendo wa mu 1965 zinatsogolera ku kudutsa kwa Couragetion Rights Act ya 1965, imene inaletsa tsankho la mafuko posankha. Nkhondo zofananazo zafalikira padziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku gulu lotsutsa a a anti - aparadid ku South Africa ku pro-decracy ku Myanmar. Chilakitso chilichonse chimasonyeza kuti ulendo woyenerera kuvota suyenera kusungidwa kosatha; iyenera kutetezedwa ndi kuwonjezereka.

Zinthu Zosaiwalika Padziko Lonse Zothandiza Anthu Kupeza Ufulu Woyenera

Kuzungulira dziko lonse, kuwonjezeka kwa makampani kwatsatira njira zosiyanasiyana. Australia anapatsa akazi ufulu wosankha mu 1902 koma osaphatikiza anthu a m'dzikolo kufikira 1962. Finland linali mtundu woyamba wa ku Ulaya kulola akazi kuima m'nyumba ya malamulo mu 1906. Mayiko ambiri ku Latin America ndi Asia anawonjezera ufulu wosankha pambuyo pa zipani zapakati. Lerolino, pafupifupi mitundu yonse imachita masankho, ngakhale kuti chilungamo ndi kukondera kwa masankhotiwo n’zosiyana kwambiri. Kumvetsa mbiri imeneyi kumathandiza nzika kuzindikira kufunika kwa kuyang'anira nyumba yawo ya malamulo ndi kuzindikira kuti kuvota kuli mwaŵi wopezedwa kupyolera ku mibadwo ya zigamu za kachitidwe ka kaundula.

Chifukwa Chake Tiyenera Kuuza Ena Nkhani

Kulankhula si mwambo chabe; ndi njira imene nzika zimasonyezera kuti zikugwirizana. Pamene musankha munthu, simumangosankha munthu amene akufuna kubatizidwa.

Kuimira ndi Kusiyanasiyana kwa Mawu

Demokrase yathanzi imafuna kuti mbali zonse za chitaganya zikhale ndi malo okhala. Pamene kubwererako kuli kwaung'ono kapena kwaphwanyidwa ku chiŵerengero cha anthu ena, malamulo amayanja osankha okangalika. Kutumiza kutsimikizira kuti madera a m'mbali zochepera, anthu akumidzi, ndi timagulu tating'ono angachirikize zosoŵa zawo. Kudalira kwa bungwe la Census Bureaunior kumasonyeza nthaŵi zonse kuti achikulire, olemera, ndi oyera omvera amatenga nawo mbali pamlingo wapamwamba, kutanthauza achichepere ndi magulu olandira ndalama zochepa kaŵirikaŵiri samakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Mwa kuvota, nzika iliyonse imawonjezera mawu awo ku nyimbo, kusonkhezera boma limene limasonyeza kusiyana kwenikweni kwa dzikolo.

Kuŵerengera ndi Kuŵerengera

Akuluakulu osankhidwa amene amadziŵa kuti amayang'anizana ndi masankho anthaŵi zonse ali othekera kwambiri kuchitapo kanthu mokondwera ndi anthu. Chiwopsezo cha kuvoteredwa ku ku ofesi chimalimbikitsa opanga malamulo kusamalira nkhaŵa za anthu, kukhazikitsa malamulo atanthauzo, ndi kupeŵa ziphuphu. Mosiyana, pamene wovotayo achepekera, osasamala, ndipo kutaya mtima kungatsogolere ku kusintha kwa malamulo. Maiko okhala ndi kuvota kokakamiza, monga Australia ndi Belgium, kaŵirikaŵiri amaona kuvomereza kokulira kwa boma chifukwa chakuti andale ayenera kuchonderera kwa oweruza onse, osati kokha olengeza ochepa.

Mphamvu ndi Chizindikiritso Chake

Kusintha anthu kuti akhale omvera kumathandiza kwambiri. Kusintha anthu kukhala nzika zogwira ntchito modzipereka zimene zimalimbikitsa chitaganya chawo. Kuthandiza kumeneku kuli ndi mapindu a maganizo ndi chikhalidwe: kufufuza kumasonyeza kuti anthu amene amavota ali othekera kwambiri kudzipereka, kutsatira nkhani, ndi kuchita ntchito zina za boma. Kutumiza kumalimbikitsanso lingaliro lakuti dziko ndi la anthu ake, osati chabe anthu apamwamba kapena a kampani.

Kuyambukira Moyo wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku

Kuchokera pa misonkho ndi kusamala zaumoyo ku maphunziro ndi malamulo a zamaphunziro ndi malo okhala, zosankha zochitidwa ndi akuluakulu osankhidwa zimakhudza mbali iliyonse ya moyo. Masankho a kumaloko, mobwerezabwereza, amagamula malamulo a sukulu, kukhazikitsa malamulo, ndi kulinganiza za chitetezo cha anthu. Maboma amapanga malamulo achilendo, njira zachuma, ndi ukonde wa anthu. Mwa kuvota, nzika zimakhudza mwachindunji zotsatira zimenezi. Mwachitsanzo, masankhoti 2020 U.U.S.

Mmene Zinthu Zimayendera

Ngakhale kuti njira zochitira mavoti zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi dziko ndiponso ulamuliro wake, madongosolo ambiri a democracy amayendera limodzi: kulembetsa, kuphunzira za anthu ofuna kuvota ndiponso nkhani, kuponya chisankho, ndi kutsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa masankho.

Kulembetsa Mwaluso

M'maiko ambiri, nzika ziyenera kulembetsa kuvota asanasankhe. Kachitidwe kameneka kangakhale kosavuta kapena kocholoŵana kudalira pa malamulo a kumaloko. Maiko ena, monga Germany ndi Sweden, amalembetsa okha nzika pamene apeza dzina la ID. Ena, mofanana ndi United States, amafuna kuti anthu alembetsa, kaŵirikaŵiri ndi masabata a masiku angapo asanalembetse. USA. Amapereka lamulo loyendera kulembetsa kulembetsa. Ovomerezeka amasuliza chifukwa chakuti osalembetsa covala. Magulu ambiri a olembetsa satha kulinganiza kulembetsa. Mabungwe ambiri a gulu a zolembetsa a gulu la Evocco amayendetsa ntchito kuti athandize anthu kuyendetsa njira.

Njira Zopangira Zinthu

Mademokrase amakono amapereka njira zambiri zosankhira ndandanda ndi zosoŵa zosiyanasiyana:

  • Kuvota kwa Mumlungu pa Tsiku la Chisankho kuli njira yamwambo, ndi malo ofunsira otseguka kuyambira mmaŵa kufikira madzulo. Mavota angafunikire kusonyeza chizindikiritso ndi kudikira pamzera.
  • Kuvota koyamba kumalola anthu kuponya pepala lawo pamasom'pamaso panthaŵi yoikika Tsiku la Chisankho lisanafike, kuchepetsa kuchulukana ndi kulola kusinthika.
  • Mail-in kapena kusakhalapo kwa voti [1] Osankha alandira ndi kubwezera mapepala papositi. Njira imeneyi yatchuka, makamaka pambuyo pa mliri wa COVID-19, ndipo imagwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri m'maboma onga Oregon ndi Washington.
  • Ovota aumboni akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko ena, ngakhale kuti nkhaŵa za kusatetezereka kwa Intaneti ndi kuŵerengera zachepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake. Brazil ndi India agwiritsa ntchito makompyuta amakono m'dziko lonselo, pamene mademokrase ambiri a ku Ulaya akukayikirabe.

Njira iliyonse ili ndi mphamvu ndi kufooka. Kuvota makalata kungawonjezere kuchedwa koma kungachitike. Kuvota kwa munthu kumapereka lingaliro la mwambo ndi chisungiko koma kukhoza kufikirika kwa anthu olumala kapena ogwira ntchito kwa maola ambiri.

Kusankha Umphumphu ndi Chisungiko

Kukhulupirira dongosolo la pulogalamu n’kofunika kwambiri. Mayeso onga malamulo a voti ID, njira zapepala, njira zofufuzira, ndi makampani a voti amathandiza kutsimikizira kulondola. Komabe, mikangano yokhudza chitetezo ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu imasinthasintha. Mwachitsanzo, Brennan Center ya Justice imatsutsa kuti malamulo ovomerezeka a maauti osankha angatsekereze pakati pa anthu ochepa ndi otsika popanda kuletsa chinyengo. Koma, ochirikiza malamulo oterowo amatchula kufunika kwa chidaliro m'dongosolo. Mosasamala kanthu za mmene masinthidwe amaperekera ochirikiza malamulo oyenera kuchirikiza malamulo oyenera kusungidwa.

Zolepheretsa Kufalitsa

Ngakhale kuti anthu akukhala ndi maganizo ovuta kuchotsa anthu onse, nzika zambiri zimakumana ndi zopinga zimene zimachepetsa kuthekera kwawo kwa kuvota.

Kulemba Malamulo Otchuka ndi Kupondereza

Maboma angapo a ku United States ndi maiko ena, malamulo ofuna mitundu yapadera ya kudziŵikitsa zithunzi aikidwa. Pamene kuli kwakuti cholinga chake n’kuletsa chinyengo, malamulo ameneŵa akuyambukira kwambiri okalamba, anthu a mitundu, ndi olandira ndalama zochepa amene alibe laisensi kapena mapasipoti. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku 2019 anapeza kuti pafupifupi mmodzi mwa anthu 10 alionse oyenerera kusankhidwa ku U.S. analibe wailesi ya boma yojambula. Kupondereza kwa Voter kumaphatikizaponso kuchotsa pulogalamu ya ovota, kuchepetsa malo ofufuza m'madera ochepa, ndi kuchepetsa maola opanga mapepala mwamsanga.

Mavuto Amene Amakhalapo

Anthu opunduka kaŵirikaŵiri amayang'anizana ndi zopinga zakuthupi pa malo ofufuzira [1] ku malo ochitira kafukufuku, kusoŵa kwa zilembo za anthu openyekera kapena mavidiyo, ndi maphunziro osakwanira kwa ogwira ntchito m'masankho. Thandizani America Vote ya 2002 cholinga cha kuwongolera kupezeka, koma kugonjera sikumakhala kosiyana. Mofananamo, ofufuza m’madera akumidzi angayende mtunda wautali kukavota, pamene anthu okhala m’tauni angayang'ane mizera yaitali chifukwa cha kunsi kwa madera osankhidwa. Ziletso za zinenero zimaletsanso olankhula zinenero zosakhala a zinenero zambiri; kupereka omasulira ndi omasulira mawu a zinenero angathandize.

Kukayikira ndi Kusadziŵa Zinthu

Kufalikira kwa chidziŵitso chonyenga ponena za kuvota . Ndi pamene ndi kuti akavote, ofuna mapepala, kapena chisungiko cha olemba makalata . Mapulatifomu a makampani a za mayanjano agwiritsiridwa ntchito kufutukula mawu osocheretsa, nthaŵi zina ndi amalonda akunja ofuna kusokoneza democracy. Kulimbana ndi mawu kumafuna maphunziro a zoulutsira mawu, kusamala ndi magulu odalirika onga FactCC. org , ndi kulankhulana kothandiza kuchokera kwa akuluakulu a chisankho.

Kukonza Malo ndi Madera

Kujambula malire a chigawo cha pulogalamu kuti athandize chipani chimodzi (mavoti) kungachepetse mphamvu ya mavoti. Pamene madera apangidwa kuti asumike kapena kufalitsa ochirikiza chipani, zipambano za masankho zimakhala zochepekera ndi zosawunikira za chifuno chotchuka. Maiko ena amagwiritsira ntchito makomiti odziimira okha kukhazikitsa malire, kuchepetsa kupondereza anthu olanda.

Mavuto a Zachuma ndi Nthaŵi

Antchito olandira ndalama zochepa angavutike kuti apeze nthaŵi yokavota, makamaka ngati bwana wawo sapereka tchuthi. Makolo olera okha ana, antchito apa shifiki, ndi osamala kaŵirikaŵiri amalephera kuvota. Kupanga Tsiku la Chisankho kukhala holide, kuwonjezeka kwa kuvota, ndi kupereka nthaŵi yolipiridwa kukhoza kuthetsa zopinga zachuma zimenezi.

Umodzi Wolimbikitsa

Kupanga chitomero kumafunika kuchotsa zopinga ndi kukulitsa chikhalidwe cha anthu opanga nawo.

Maphunziro a M’masukulu

Achichepere ambiri samalandira malangizo alamulo a mmene angasankhire, chifukwa chake kuli kofunika, kapena mmene boma limagwirira ntchito. Comphensensivess forss programme . Kuvumbula malamulo, zipani za ndale zadziko, mbiri ya kupotozedwa, ndi kukonza masankho . demyssect project ndi kuwonjezereka. Programu ngati CIVIC, zokhazikitsidwa ndi Woweruza Sandra Day O’Connor [1], zopereka chuma chaulere kwa aphunzitsi.

Kupha Anthu M’zitsulo Zochokera M’derali

Mabungwe akwawo, magulu a chikhulupiriro, ndi osapanga phindu kaŵirikaŵiri amatsogolera kutulukira pa maluso. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugogoda khomo, kubbeki ya telefoni, kutumiza anthu kukafufuza malo, ndi kupereka zoyendera ku malo ofunsira. Kufufuza kuchokera ku YaLT’s Institution for Social and Policy Studies [1] Kusonyeza kuti makambitsirano aumwini a a a anansi ali imodzi ya njira zopitira patsogolo kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zipangizo zamakono ndi Mashelefoni

Zida za magetsi zingaperekenso chidziŵitso chofufuza, ndi kukumbutsa anthu kuvota. Maseŵero onga . org [1] Amathandiza ogwiritsa ntchito kulembetsa ndi kupempha olephera. Mapulatifomu a za makompyuta angathandizenso kukhala amphamvu pokonza zinthu . Ngati mapulatifomu aphwasulidwa pa kuchotsa chidziŵitso ndi kusankhidwa kwapadera. Mapangano angayang'anizira anthu ndi mauthenga aumwini okhudza nkhani zimene amasamala.

Wolemba Ntchito ndi Chichirikizo cha Mabungwe

Makampani angalimbikitse kuvota mwa kupereka nthaŵi yolipidwa, kuvomereza kulembetsa kwa wovota, ndi kugwirizana ndi zopereka za antchito ku zoyesayesa za anthu osagwirizana. Makoleji ndi mayunivesite angakhazikitse malo ofunsira ndi kuphatikizapo kulembetsa kwa ovota. Kuchirikiza kochitidwa kumeneko kumapanga kuvota kukhala kwabwino ndipo kumatheketsa anthu otanganitsidwa kukhala ndi phande.

Ntchito ya Ana Oimba N’kwabwino

Achichepere (a zaka 18-29) amaimira chiŵerengero champhamvu chimene m'mbuyomu chakhala chocheperapo kwa azaka zaukalamba . Koma chimenecho chikusintha. M'kusankha kwa 2020 ku United States, achichepere anafikira 50% kwa nthaŵi yoyamba m'zaka makumi ambiri, osonkhezeredwa ndi nkhani zonga kusintha kwa nyengo, ngongole ya ophunzira, ndi chilungamo cha anthu. Kusankha achichepere kuli kofunika kaamba ka thanzi la democracy.

Nkhani Zimene Zimasonkhezera Achichepere

Kusinthasintha kwa nyengo, maphunziro okhoza kukwera, chilungamo cha fuko, zoyenera zakubala, ndi mwaŵi wa zachuma zimayamba kutchuka kwa osankha achichepere ambiri. Ophunzira amene amayang'anira nkhani zimenezi mowonadi angasonkhezere kutembenukira kwakukulu. Mosiyana ndi, pamene magulu anyalanyaza nkhaŵa za achichepere, mphwayi imakula. Magulu onga a Miyoyo Yathu , olinganizidwa ndi opulumuka pasukulu ya Parkland kuombera mfuti, anasonyeza kuti achichepere angachirikize mwamphamvu malamulo apadera ndi kutembenuzira ntchito ya kachitidwe ka m'pondere.

Kugonjetsa Kusuliza ndi Kusalabadira

Ovota ena achichepere amalingalira kuti voti lawo silinachokere, makamaka m'maiko osatsala kapena m'madera ozungulira. Kutsutsa zimenezi kumafuna kusonyeza kugwirizana kowonekera pakati pa kuvota ndi kusintha kwa lamulo. Mwachitsanzo, zisankho za 2018 za pakati pa nyengo yolembedwa zinawona achichepere atembenuka, kutsogolera ku kuwonjezereka kwa malamulo opita patsogolo m'maiko ena. Kuloŵerera kwa ausinkhu wa ofalitsa nkhani, makampani ochirikiza anthu osonkhezera, ndi magulu a achichepere onga Send Gen America akuthandiza kuchotsa kugwiritsidwa mwala.

Kuchepetsa Nyengo Yotulutsa Zomera

Mayiko ena ndi makampani ena alingalira kuchepetsa zaka zovota kukhala 16 kapena 17 kuti apange voti. Ochirikiza amanena kuti achinyamata ali ndi vuto la maphunziro ndi malo okhala, ndipo poyambapo amapanga makhalidwe a kuvota. Otsutsa amada nkhaŵa ndi uchikulire ndi chidziŵitso. Scotland analola anthu 16 ndi 17 a zaka kuvota mu 2014 kugawa kwake kwa ufulu, ndipo kafukufuku anasonyeza kuti anthu atsopanowa anagwirizana kwambiri.

Kumaliza

Kulankhula kuli ponse paŵiri koyenera ndi thayo . Ndiyo njira yachindunji kwambiri kwa nzika wamba kuumba boma lawo. Mbiri ya kuvota iri nkhani ya nkhondo ndi kupita patsogolo, chikumbutso chakuti kutengamo mbali kwa democracy sikunatsimikizidwe. Kuchokera ku olemba mabuku amene anamenyera ufulu wa akazi kufikira ku ochirikiza ufulu wachibadwidwe amene anaika moyo wawo pachiswe kuti apeze ufulu wachibadwidwe, mbadwo uliwonse uyenera kubwezeretsa kudzipereka kwawo ku bokosi la bolot.

Komabe, kuvota kokha sikokwanira. Demokrase yamphamvu imafunanso kudziŵa bwino pangano pakati pa chisankho: kulembera akuluakulu a boma, kupezeka m'maholo a tauni, kugwirizana ndi magulu auphunzitsi, ndi kuchititsa atsogoleri kuŵerengera. Koma kavotiyo kadakali maziko. Imavomereza boma, imakhazikitsa mawu osiyanasiyana, ndipo imapatsa nzika iliyonse mtengo m’tsogolo. Kaya muli wosankha woyamba kapena wodziŵa bwino, kunyamula komiti yanu. Bregister, kuphunzira kuvota, ndi kusonyeza. Democacracy imakondwera pamene nzika zitengamo mbali.