M'malo a mizinda amakono ozungulira mofulumira, mabwana a mizinda ali pansi pa chitsenderezo chachikulu kupanga zosankha zimene zili ponse paŵiri zapanthaŵi yake ndi zogwira ntchito. Kucholoŵana kwa mizinda yamakono . Kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwa galimoto ndi chisungiko cha anthu ndi kukonza ndi kuyendetsa zinthu zachuma [1] Kuchuluka kuposa chidziŵitso chamwadzidzidzi kapena mwambo. Kupanga chigamulo cha chidziŵitso (DDDM) kwakhala ngati chilango chachikulu, kutheketsa atsogoleri a mzinda kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya chidziŵitso kupanga luntha, kutetezeka, ndi kusungika kwa anthu ambiri. Mwakusonkhanitsa, kupenda, ndi kuchitapo kanthu pa chidziŵitso, mabwana angawongowongolera kuwala, ndi kutumikira bwino makampani awo.

Kodi N’chiyani Chikuchitika Chifukwa Chogwiritsa Ntchito Mawu?

Mabwana a tauni, zimenezi zikutanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri monga kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga njira zothandizira anthu kudziwa zinthu, kuwapatsa zinthu, ndi ntchito zina pa kusanthula zinthu, osati pa umboni wa zinthu, kukhudzika mtima, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ndale.

Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo njira zingapo: kufotokoza zolinga zomveka, kudziwa kumene kuli mfundo zofunikira, kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyeretsa zinthu, kusanthula kuti apeze nzeru, ndiyeno kumasulira nzeruzo kuti zikhale zotha kugwira ntchito.

Phindu la Kulamulira Mzinda

Kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopezera chidziŵitso kumathandiza kwambiri moyo wa m’tauni. Pansipa pali mapindu ena opindulitsa kwambiri, ndipo iliyonse imadalira pa zitsanzo zenizeni za dziko.

Kugwira Bwino Ntchito Kwapita Patsogolo

Asayansi amathandiza mabwana a mizinda kudziŵa mipeni ya botolo, kuchepetsa zinyalala, ndi kulinganiza bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowonongeka. Mwachitsanzo, mwa kupenda njira zosungira zotayidwa ndi kudzaza, mizinda ingasinthe mandandanda kuti iteteze mafuta ndi kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa mpweya. Mzinda wa San Diego [1] imagwiritsira ntchito magalasi okongola ndi ziwiya zoyendera kuyang'anira galimoto ndi kuima, zomwe zimachititsa kutsika kwa ndalama zamagetsi pamene akuwongolera kuyenda.

Kuwonjezera Chisungiko cha Anthu

Kusanthula njira za upandu, nthaŵi zachiyambukiro zadzidzidzi, ndi chidziŵitso cha zochitika zamwadzidzidzi zimatheketsa kusungitsa lamulo ndi opereka ziŵiya zowonjezereka. Ojambula apolisi oneneratu, monga aja ogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi Department ya Apolisi a ku Angeles [, athandiza kuchepetsa upandu wa katundu mwa kudziŵitsa malo a zigawo zapamwamba m'nthaŵi yeniyeni. Mofananamo, madipatimenti a moto angagwiritsire ntchito chidziŵitso pomanga nyumba, zipangizo, ndi zochitika zakale kuyesa.

Kulinganiza Bwinopo

Chidziŵitso cha kayendedwe ka magalimoto, kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa madzi, ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu chimaloleza mizinda kuikizira zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Barcelona [1] Luso loyendera kuyang'anira kuimika galimoto, phokoso, ndi mpweya wabwino, kudziŵitsa chilichonse kuyambira kukonza misewu mpaka kukonza malo obiriŵira. Kufuna kumeneku kumachepetsa kumanga ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndalama za anthu zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru.

Kuona Bwino Zinthu ndi Kukhulupirirana Mowonjezereka

Pamene mizinda ipanga chidziŵitso chawo kukhala chopezeka poyera [1] Kupyolera m'madoko a chidziŵitso, mabodi, kapena malipoti a anthu onse . Nzika zingakulitse chidaliro mwa nzika. Mmene ndalama zawo za msonkho zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, kulondola kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito za mzinda, ndi kuchititsa akuluakulu kukhala ndi mlandu. Matauni onga [[FLT:] CHICAG ndi New York [[FLT:]] Kwa nthaŵi yaitali yasunga njira zotsegulira chidziŵitso zotsegulira zimene zimapatsa mphamvu atolankhani, ofufuza, ndi magulu a anthu kuti agwirizane ndi boma lakwanu.

Kulandira Ntchito Mwachangu

Mmalo mochitapo kanthu ku mavuto pambuyo pa kuchitika, chidziŵitso chimalola oyang'anira mzinda kuyembekezera zitokoso ndi kuloŵerera mwamsanga. Mwachitsanzo, mwa kuyang'anira mawailesi a za mayanjano ndi mafoni 311, akuluakulu a boma angaone nkhani zobuka monga kubuka kwa mabomba kapena kutaya kopanda lamulo asanakulitse. Kusintha kumeneku kuchoka ku ku kuyendetsa zinthu ndi kuyang'anira kosonkhezera kuli chizindikiro cha gulu lauchikulire la chidziŵitso.

Zida Zofunika Ndiponso Zipangizo Zamakono

Mabwana a mizinda amadalira zinthu zokhala ndi zipangizo zambiri kuti apeze, alumikize, ndi kupenda mfundo.

Njira Zodziŵira za Malo Ozungulira (GIS)

GIS ndi maziko a kusanthula kwa magetsi, kulola mabwana kuwona ndi kujambula chidziŵitso chokhudza chiŵerengero cha anthu, upandu, ngozi za malo okhala, ndi zoyendera. Zida zonga [FLT: 0] EsriS [ArcGIS ndi chithunzi chofanana chothandiza kuti timagulu tigwirizane m'madipatimenti. Mwachitsanzo, mzinda ungapangitse madera ambiri osefukira ndi chidziŵitso chaumphaŵi chokonzekera tsoka m'magawo osoŵa.

Anthu Ozindikira Zinthu pa Intaneti

Ziwiya za IoT [1] kuphatikizapo mamita ochenjera, makompyuta a mpweya, makamera a galimoto, ndi zimveketso za phokoso , zomwe zimaloŵa m'mitsinje ya zinthu yamakono yojambula. Singapole [1] Yatumiza ziwiya zoimbira za anthu za m'mizinda yonse kuti aone zinthu zonse kuyambira ku mlingo wa bull mpaka kutsika kwa mapazi a anthu apansi pa pansi pa nthaka, zomwe zathandiza kwambiri kuyang'anira mautumiki a m'tauni.

Kusintha kwa Zinthu Zokhudza Kusintha

Kuti amvetse bwino mfundo zochotsa, mabwana a mzinda amafuna malo amodzi amene angadye, kuyera, ndi kugwirizana kwa chidziŵitso cha madipatimenti osiyanasiyana ndi chakudya chakunja. Directus , mwachitsanzo, ndi mapulatifomu otseguka a chidziŵitso cha zinthu zimene zimalembedwa zimene zimatheketsa mizinda kupanga gwero limodzi la choonadi mwa kulumikizana ndi makompyuta, APIS, ndi makompyuta popanda kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a mwambo. Mwa kugwiritsira ntchito chipangizo chimenechi, mzinda ungaphatikizapo chidziŵitso cha makompyuta, madeko a nyengo, ndi zochitika kukhala ndandanda ya chigamuwenga chimodzi kuti chigamule.

Zolosera ndi Zopeka

Makina opanga angadziŵe njira zimene anthu angaphonye, monga ngati kugwirizana pakati pa kuswa malamulo a nyumba ndi ngozi ya moto. Chicago ya “Chidutswa cha Zinthu". Project igwiritsa ntchito AIP kusanthula chidziŵitso cha masamu ndi kuneneratu za mlingo wa mpweya, kuthandiza akuluakulu a zaumoyo kugamula zatcheru panthaŵi yake. Komabe, zimenezi zimafuna kulinganiza bwino kuti apeŵe kuneneratu zinthu zolakwika kapena zosalondola.

Mabolo Oonetsera Zinthu ndi Kuziona

Umboni ungakhale wothandiza kokha ngati ukhoza kumvedwa ndi opanga zosankha ndi nzika mofanana. Mabolosha osokoneza opangidwa ndi zida zonga stapau , , MPWENDO BIT, kapena maprogramu a uganda ozoloŵereka amatembenuza manambala osafunika kuikidwa m'matchati, mapu, ndi zikwangwani. Matauni ambiri tsopano amapereka mabolobodi enieni amene amasonyeza nthaŵi zonse kuyambira 911 yoyankha ku masamu a laibulale, kuchirikiza mwambo wa kumasulira.

Maprogramu Othandiza Kudutsa Mzinda

The theoretical benefits of DDDM become tangible when applied to specific urban challenges. Below are several areas where data-driven approaches have produced measurable outcomes.

Kuyendetsa Magalimoto

Kuthetsa mavuto kumawonongetsa chuma cha United States $87 biliyoni pachaka chifukwa cha kulephera kutulutsa zinthu, malinga ndi Texas A&M Transportation Institute . Matauni akulimbana ndi chidziŵitso. Los Angeles [1] Lutler [1] imagwiritsira ntchito utoto wa zopinga ndi makamera a galimoto kuwongolera nthaŵi ya zizindikiro, kuchepetsa nthaŵi ya ulendo ndi 15% pa makorishi ena. Kuyendetsa zinthu kuchokera ku makampani onga Uber ndi Lyft kumathandizanso kupanga mapulani kumvetsetsa njira zoyendera zoyendera, kudziŵitsa zigamu za njira zapo a anthu ndi mabasi oyenda panjinga.

Chisungiko cha Anthu Onse ndi Chivomerezo Chadzidzidzi

Kuposa polishi yoneneratu, chidziŵitso chimawongolera kuyankha kwa moto, ntchito za EMS, ndi tsoka. Dipatimenti ya Moto ya New York City imagwiritsira ntchito njira yoyendera yodalira ngozi imene imapenda mikhalidwe yomanga ndi zochitika zakale kulinganiza kuyang'ana kutetezera moto. Mliri wa CHOVID, mizinda yambiri inagwiritsira ntchito mabolobodi a data potengera ziŵerengero, mphamvu za chipatala, ndi kukwera kwa katemera, kutheketsa kugaŵira ndalama zenizeni zothandizira kuteteza moto.

Kukonzanso Zinthu ndi Kuyendetsa Zinthu

Madzi otchuka amasweka, mabogi, ndi matsirizi amagetsi n’zokwera mtengo ngati sawayang'anira. DDDM imatheketsa kukonzanso mkhalidwe: zipangizo zoyendera maulalo otsendereza kupsinjika kwa magalimoto, pamene mamita amadzi ochenjera azindikira kuchucha. Philadelphia [1] imagwiritsa ntchito njira yokonzera zinthu zapamsewu, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, ndi kumveka bwino kwa anthu, zomwe zimachititsa kuti kutsika kwa 20% kwa kudandaula za misewu.

Kusungika kwa Malo Okhala

Umboni umathandiza mizinda kuyang'anira mpweya, kutumiza mpweya wotentha, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu ya magetsi. Oslo , Norway [1] Makina a m'mizinda omwe amapima kuipitsa kwa nyengo yeniyeni, kudziŵitsa ziletso za pamsewu ndi machenjezo a zaumoyo wa anthu. Matauni ambiri akugwiritsiranso ntchito kukonza zinthu zopangira mphamvu kuti aone zinthu zimene zingapindule ndi kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mapazi a carbon.

Ntchito za Nzika ndi Ubwenzi

Mawu ochokera ku 311, makompyuta a pa Intaneti, ndi a pa Intaneti amathandiza mabwana kuona zinthu pa nkhaŵa za anthu okhala mumzinda. [1] tauni ya Boston [1] imachititsa makompyuta ambiri osonyeza kuti zinthu zichitike. Kuchokera nthawi zambiri pa ulendo wa malaibulale, kukafika pa malo amodzi omwe amayendera pamodzi. Kutero sikungothandiza kuti munthu akhale ndi mlandu komanso kulimbikitsa kuti azigwirizana m'madipatimenti pamene makampani ayamba kulowa pansi.

Mavuto Amene Mungakumane Nawo

Ngakhale kuti pali ubwino woonekeratu, mabwana a mizindayi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti adziwe mmene angadziŵire zinthu.

Kudziwa Zinthu Zokha

Kusunga chidziŵitso cha mbiri yosaimbidwa bwino ponena za nzika kumadzutsa nkhaŵa zomveka ponena za kuyang'anira, kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa, ndi kuswa. Kulandira tekinoloji yaluso ya mzinda kwachepetsedwa m'madera ena chifukwa cha mantha a “Mbale". Kulongosola zimenezi, mizinda iyenera kutenga madongosolo amphamvu otsogolera zinthu zimene zimalongosola amene angapeze masamu, mmene angagwiritsidwire ntchito, ndi utali wa iko. Toronto’s Waterst project [1] ndi Sitewal Labs mes join pa nkhani zachinsinsi, kutsogolera kuwona ma data achinsinsi ndi mabungwe oyang'anira odziimira.

Kudziŵa Zinthu Bwino Ndiponso Kusintha

Luso la metal kaŵirikaŵiri limawonongeka, limasinthasintha, kapena silinathe. Madipatimenti osiyanasiyana angagwiritse ntchito madongosolo osiyanasiyana, kupangitsa kukhala kovuta kupanga lingaliro logwirizana. Kufufuza m'mapulatifomu ogwirizanitsa makompyuta ndi ma metadata oyeneretsedwa kungathandize. Matauni ambiri akutsatira miyezo ya ubongo yotsegulira yonga ngati] projectal Data O Gufungura THEM DECTH [ kutsimikizira kuti itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Luso la Kutha Kwaukulu ndi Kusoŵa Kwake

Antchito a m'mizinda angasowe maphunziro ofunika omasulira chidziŵitso kapena kugwiritsira ntchito zida zopimira zopita patsogolo. Kufufuza 2021 kochitidwa ndi International City/Coverty Management Association (ICMA) kunapeza kuti ochepera theka la maboma a m'dziko ali ndi wopenda malembo wodzipereka. Kutseka mpata umenewu, mizinda ikhoza kugwirizana ndi mayunivesite, kulipira anzawo chidziŵitso, kapena kupereka maprogramu odziŵa bwino. Kumanga “kuphunzira [1] antchito kuyenera kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa atsogoleri a mzinda.

Kukana Kusintha

Kusiya ntchito zapazochitika ndi ntchito zoyendera makompyuta kaŵirikaŵiri kumalimbana ndi kutsutsa chikhalidwe. Olembedwa ntchito angadabwe kapena angaone ngati akuda nkhaŵa ndi luso latsopano. Kusintha kwa chipambano kumafuna kuchirikiza maulamuliro amphamvu, kulankhulana kwabwino ponena za mapindu, ndi kupata msanga kumene kumasonyeza phindu. Maprojekiti a Pilo ku madera aung'ono. Kukonza malo osungiramo zinthu kapena kuwongolera malo osungiramo malo [1] kumapangitsa kuti paki ikhale ndi mphamvu.

Zowonongedwa ndi Kusungika

Zipangizo zoteteza zinthu, mapulogalamu, ndi mapulogalamu oteteza thupi, zimasonyeza kuti kuyendetsa zinthu motsatira malamulo a magetsi kungathe kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri. Komabe, kubwezera kwa ndalama kumakhala kokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, kuyang'ana ndi Esri [1] [1] kumasonyeza kuti kuyendetsa mizinda kwa mlingo wa GIS kokha kungapulumutse mizinda 10-30% pa mtengo woisamalira. Kubweza kwa boma, monga ngati kuyendetsa kwa Ault Cities, kungathandizenso kuchepetsa ndalama zotsala.

Kumanga Chikhalidwe Chochirikiza Kudziŵa Zinthu m’Boma la Mzinda

Zipangizo zamakono zokha n’zoperewera; njira ya chipambano ya DDDM imafuna kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu m’gulu.

Utsogoleri ndi Ulamuliro

Kuthandiza kwamphamvu kwa akuluakulu oyendetsa ntchito za kampani n’kovuta. Kukhazikitsa mkulu wa ofesi ya za chidziŵitso (CDO) kapena ndandanda ya zolembedwa kuchititsa msonkhano kukhala ndi mlandu ndipo kumatsimikizira kuti njira zodziŵira zinthu zogwirizana ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri mumzinda. Mudzi wa San Francisco [1] unapangidwa ndi Dipatimenti yopanga mamembala a bungwe lililonse kuti alinganize chidziŵitso ndi kuthetsa mikangano.

Kuphunzira ndi Kupatsidwa Mphamvu

Kufufuza maphunziro a maphunziro a anthu onse olemba ndi kulemba kuntchito kumapindulitsa. Olembedwa ntchito a m'mzera wapamwamba amene amamvetsa mmene angapezere ndi kumasulira mabodi a tripboard angapange bwino kwambiri tsiku ndi tsiku logamulapo. Kuphunzitsa ofufuza m'madera monga Python[ kapena [R [FLT]] [FLT]] angatsegule maluso opanga mapulogalamu.

Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito Pamalo Otsatizana

Silos are the enemy of data-driven governance. Encouraging departments to share data and work on joint projects can yield insights that no single unit could achieve alone. For example, combining health department data on asthma rates with transportation department data on traffic corridors can identify areas where air quality improvements are most needed.

Kuthandiza Anthu Onse ndi Chilengedwe cha Common

Nzika siziyenera kukhala olandira a m'malamulo a kutumiza mauthenga. Matauni ambiri amapanga ma ma majeremusi kapena makompyuta a zasayansi kumene nzika zimagwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu otseguka kuti zipange mapulogalamu othetsera mavuto a anthu. Helsinki [1] Ali ndi “Mzinda monga ntchito pulogalamu yomwe imaphatikizapo nzika pokonza njira zothetsera mavuto a m'mizinda, kutsimikizira kuti chidziŵitso chimathandiza anthu onse m’malo mwa kungogwiritsa ntchito ntchito.

Kumaliza

Kusankha zinthu zogwirizana ndi mfundo za m'Baibulo sikulinso njira yodziwira zinthu. Ilinso njira yofunika kwa mabwana a mzinda amene amafunitsitsa kulamulira bwino m’dziko lovuta kwambiri. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi kuwongolera chitetezo cha anthu ndi kulimbikitsa kuonekera kwa maso ndi kukhazikika, mapindu ake ngomveka bwino ndi odalirika. Komabe, kufikira zotsatirazi sikumangofuna luso la zopangapanga zokha; kumafuna kudzipereka ku luso la maluso, chinsinsi, kuphunzira kopitirizabe, ndi kusintha kwa chikhalidwe.

Matauni amene amapanga zipangizo zoyenerera . Monga ngati zothandizira kumva, GIS, mapulatifomu onga Directus, ndi mapulogalamu a alytics . Pakali pano, angapangitse ntchito zawo kukhala ndi malo abwino kwambiri opezerapo mavuto a kusamukira m’mizinda. Mwakuphatikiza mfundo zokhala ndi makompyuta, mabwana a mizinda angasinthe chidziŵitso chosafunika kukhala nzeru, kupereka nzeru, mautumiki ovomereza kwambiri kwa anthu amene akugwira ntchito. Mtsogolo mwa maulamuliro a m’tauni ndi data-driven, ndipo nthaŵi yoyamba tsopano.