Maziko a Chisonkhezero Chademokrase

Kupereka malangizo a demokrase yoimira oimira boma, njira imene nzika zimapangamo njira ya dziko lawo, boma, ndi mudzi. Pamene muponya pepala, simumangosankha dzina. Mukusonyeza zimene mumakonda potsatira malamulo, zofunika, ndi makhalidwe amene ayenera kulamulira. Ntchito imeneyi imatsimikizira kuti boma limapanga ulamuliro wake kuchokera ku ku kuvomereza kwa alamuliro, monga momwe kumalembedwera m'zikalata za maziko monga U.S. Constitution. Komabe oyenerera ambiri amatsala pambali pa malamulo, kaŵirikaŵiri chifukwa chakuti samvetsa bwino mmene mavoti alionse amatembenuzira ku mizera yodabwitsa. Kumvetsetsa zimenezi kumasintha kuvota kuchokera ku mwambo waulere, ku chiŵiya chogwira ntchito, monga kumbuyo kwa bungwe la U. Kuchokera ku mabungwe onse, kuvomereza, kuyendetsa, kuyendetsa malamulo, ndi kuyendetsa zaumoyo wa anthu, kulongosola ufulu pakati pa nkhani za boma, ndi kulongosola bwino kwa mapangano onse.

Kufunika kwa Kupatsa Ena Thandizo

Kutulutsa si ntchito yongofuna kutchuka kwa boma, koma kumathandiza kwambiri pa zandale.

  • Chigwirizano cha : [1] Nzika zimene zimavota zimachita chisonkhezero chachindunji pa amene amalamulira ndi mmene amachitira. Kufufuza kosasintha kumasonyeza kuti ovota amamva kugwirizana kwambiri ndi anthu a m'dera lawo ndipo ali othekera kwambiri kuchita ntchito zina za boma, monga ngati kupezeka pamisonkhano yapoyera kapena kudzipereka.
  • Kumasulira: Zisankho zimagamula kuti ndi anthu ati amene adzatumikira monga mapepala osankhira osankhidwa. Komabe, kuimira sikuli kodzifunira . Akuluakulu osankhidwa ayenera kulinganiza zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana za makampani awo, ndipo voti yolinganizidwa bwino imakhala yokonzeka bwino kuwachititsa kuti adziyankhire.
  • Umboni: nthawi zonse masankho amakakamiza anthu amene ali ndi mphamvu kuti alungamitse zosankha zawo. Pamene akuluakulu a boma alephera kupereka malonjezo, ovota angalowe mmalo mwawo. Kuŵerengera kumeneku n’kofunika kwambiri poletsa ziphuphu ndi kutsalira.
  • Pariciotion: Wovota wamkulu amachirikiza kuyenera kwa boma. Pamene nzika zochepera theka la oyenerera a voti, boma lotulukapo silingasonyeze chifuniro cha unyinji, kutsogolera ku malamulo amene amapindulitsa mbali yochepera ya chitaganya.

Kulimbana kwa mbiri yakale kaamba ka kuchotsedwa kwa zifuno za katundu m'zaka za zana la 19 mpaka ku Kusintha kwa Malamulo a Ufulu wa Anthu mu 1965 ndi kupitirizabe kumenya nkhondo za kulowa [1] Pansi pa kulimba kwa mtundu wa kumanja kuno. Martin Luther King Jr. anatcha voti "chida champhamvu koposa chosamenya chimene tili nacho mu demokrase . M'nthaŵi zamakono, wovota wasintha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, 2020 U.S. chisankho cha pulezidenti chinaona 66% ya anthu osankha kuti aponye pepala la otola, mlingo wapamwamba kuyambira 1900, koma mamiliyoni sanatenge nawo mbali. Kumvetsa malo a boma pamlingo uliwonse kungathandiza kuthaŵitsa mpata wogwirizanawo.

Malo a Boma

Boma m’mademokrase ambiri lapangidwa m’miyalo yambiri, iriyonse yokhala ndi mathayo apadera. voti lanu lili ndi ziyambukiro zosiyana zikumadalira kaya ngati mukusankha mkulu wa boma, wopanga malamulo, kapena woimira dziko. Kuzindikira kusiyana kumeneku kumathandizira kutsogolera mphamvu yanu kumene ingakhale ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu.

Boma Lakumaloko

Boma la kumaloko ndilo mulongo wa ulamuliro wofikirika ndi wa mwamsanga. Limaphatikizapo maakasitala, magawo a sukulu, ndi zigawo zapadera (monga ngati maulamuliro a madzi kapena a zaulendo). Mabungwe ameneŵa amasamalira zosankha zimene zimaumba moyo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku mwachindunji kuposa mlingo wina uliwonse:

  • Ict: Akuluakulu a kumalo amagamula malamulo a malo, ndalama zoperekera apolisi, sukulu za boma, ndi kukonza malo osungirako zinthu. Mwachitsanzo, chivoti cha bungwe la mzinda pa lendi chikhoza kuyambukira mwachindunji kusoŵa kwa nyumba m'dera lanu.
  • Community Chipangano Chabwino: Nthawi zambiri mavoti a kumaloko amakhala ndi wovota wotsika, kutanthauza voti lililonse limakhala ndi kulemera kokulira. Wosankha mmodzi m'mpikisano wa m'tauni angagamule mpikisano ndi mavoti angapo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Makampani a Organizery: Malamulo ambiri achipambano a dziko adachokera ku mlingo wa kumaloko, monga maprogramu apadziko lonse asanakhale a kampani kapena njira za kampani yopanga makampani. Mwa kuvotera kwanu, mumathandiza kuyesa njira zothetsera zimene zingapitirire.

Ngakhale kuti masankho a m'malowo ali ofunika, ovota ambiri amawanyalanyaza. Malinga ndi zimene apeza ku projekiti ya ku United States, , popita pa masankho otchuka pakati pa 20% ndi 30%. Mpata umenewu umapereka mpata waukulu kwa ovota odziŵa kuti apereke chisonkhezero. Kuphunzira za ofunsira ndi masitepe a khomo, kuyang'ana ku ofesi yanu ya chisankho kapena chuma cha dzikolo monga Vato11 .

Boma

Maboma ali ndi mphamvu yaikulu pa malamulo amene amakhudza anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Maboma okhazikitsa malamulo, akazembe, ndi akuluakulu a boma (monga maloya aakulu ndi alembi a boma) amapanga zosankha:

  • [[FLT: 0] Ufulu wa Kupereka: Maboma amagamula mmene ndalama zimagawidwira ku sukulu, kuika miyezo ya maphunziro, ndi kuyang'anira zikalata zauphunzitsi. Kulephera kwa maphunziro a boma kungayambitse mipata ya nthaŵi yaitali yokwaniritsa.
  • Health Carecure Access :[[FLT ] Kupyolera mu Medicaid ndi malamulo a inshuwalansi, maboma amachititsa ngati chisamaliro chokhoza kugulitsidwa chilipo kwa nzika zolandira zochepera.
  • [[FLT :0] Kusintha ndi mafashoni: Madipatimenti a Boma oyang'anira ntchito yomanga misewu, kuyendetsa anthu, ndi kukonza maulalo. Mavoti a boma angasokoneze kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi chitetezo.
  • Chiweruzo chachikale: malamulo a boma amalamulira kuweruza, ntchito zapolisi, ndi ziŵerengero za ndende. Kuyesa kufotokoza nkhani monga kuvomereza chamba kapena kusintha kwa apolisi kaŵirikaŵiri kumayambika pa mlingo wa boma.

Malamulo a boma amajambulanso zigawo za osankhidwa a maofesi a boma ndi a boma omwe . Antchito amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwa kutumiza gerrymanidering . Pamene magawo akopeka kuti akonde chipani chimodzi, ovota kunja kwa chipanicho angapeze chisonkhezero chawo chosungunulidwa. Zimenezi zimachititsa masankho a boma kaamba ka kupenda kopeputsa. Mabungwe onga Brennan Center ya Justice [ Zoyesayesa zopeputsa ndi kupereka nzeru ku mmene mapu oyenera a chivoti angagwiritsiritsiridwe ntchito.

Boma la Federal

Boma la boma limachita nkhani za dziko ndi zapadziko lonse. Chisankho cha Federal chimasankha Pulezidenti, ziŵalo za Congress (Nyumba ya Oimira ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo), ndipo, mosadziŵika, oweruza a boma ndi oweruza a Supreme Court. Magawo aakulu osonkhezeredwa ndi mavoti a boma akuphatikizapo:

  • Policy ya : Zosankha pa mapangano, nkhondo, ndi mapangano a malonda a mitundu yonse zapangidwa pa mlingo wa boma. Voti yanu ya Congress ndi Pulezidenti imaumba ntchito ya dziko lapansi.
  • [[FLT: 0] Kukhazikika kwa chuma: Boma la boma limayang'anira bajeti ya dziko, malamulo a msonkho, Social Security, ndi Medicare . Programu zimenezi zimakhudza chisungiko cha kupuma pantchito ndi ubwino wa zachuma wa mamiliyoni.
  • Zikole za Ufulu Waukulu: malamulo a Federal monga Civil Rights Rights Act, Voting Rights Act, ndi America Okhala ndi Lamulo la Kupunduka amakakamizidwa ndi mabungwe a boma. Mavoti a bungwe la Congress pa mapangano achiweruzo amagamula mmene malamulo ameneŵa amasuliridwira kwa zaka makumi ambiri.
  • Kusintha kwa chibadwa: The Environmental Protection Agency imakhazikitsa miyezo ya mpweya ndi madzi, kutulutsa carbon, ndi kutaya zinyalala zaupandu. Malamulo a boma pa kusintha kwa nyengo angakhale ndi zotsatirapo za dziko lonse.

Mosasamala kanthu za mitengo yaikulu, ovota ambiri amadzimva kukhala opatulidwa ku ndale zadziko za boma, akumaziona kukhala zakutali kapena zoipitsidwa. Komabe, lamulo lamakhalidwe abwino la kuimira limatanthauza kuti chiŵalo chilichonse cha Congress chili ndi mlandu ku chigawo chinachake kapena boma. Kuonana ndi woimira wanu, kupezeka m'maholo a tauni, ndi kuvota ndi njira zonse zosonyezera mawu anu pamlingo uno. Wotsogolera wokwanira ku masankhoti, achezere .gov/votting .

Mmene Kunyadira Kumagwirira Ntchito

Kumvetsa mfundo zimenezi kumathandiza kuti muwerenge pepala lanu ndipo mawu anu alembedwa m’Baibulo.

Kulembetsa Mwaluso

Kulembetsa kwa Voter kuli chopinga choyamba. M'maboma ambiri a ku United States, muyenera kulembetsa nthaŵi ya masankho [1] Masiku 15 mpaka 30 asanabwere Tsiku la Chisankho. Zofunika za kulembetsa zimasiyana: maboma ena amalola kulembetsa tsiku limodzi, pamene ena amafuna laisensi ya dalaivala kapena indai ya boma. Maboma ambiri tsopano akupereka kulembetsa kwa pa Intaneti, kutumiza pulogalamu. Ngati mwasuntha kapena kusintha dzina lanu, sinthani kulembetsa kwanu musanavote. Sankhani kuti muli ndi ofesi yanu ya chisankho cha boma kapena gwiritsa ntchito zipangizo monga [[FLT:]

Njira Zopangira Zinthu

Masiku ano anthu opanga mavoti ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoponyera chikalata chawo:

  • Mu pulogalamu pa Tsiku la Chisankho: Kuvota kwamwambo pamalo opangira voti. Maola amasiyana, koma mafukufuku kaŵirikaŵiri amatseguka kuyambira mmaŵa mpaka madzulo. Khalani okonzeka kusonyeza chizindikiritso ngati boma lanu likufuna.
  • Cham'tsogolo Kusintha: Maboma ambiri amapereka nyengo zovota mofulumira, kaŵirikaŵiri milungu ingapo Tsiku la Chisankho lisanafike. Zimenezi zimachepetsa makamu ndipo zimathandiza kuti anthu asinthe.
  • Maposi-Mu kapena Abree Ballots: Boma lililonse limalola kuphonya kwa voti kaamba ka zifukwa zina, koma chiŵerengero chowonjezereka chimalola kusalola kutumiza mauthenga osankhidwa m'chosankha. Ma Ballot ayenera kulandiridwa ndi nthaŵi, kaŵirikaŵiri amalembedwa ndi Ecomtion Day. Madongosolo ojambula amalola wovota kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wawo.
  • [[MLT:0] Mabokosi a chivoti: [[FT:1] Mabokosi a dontho otetezereka amapereka njira ina yabwino kupositi ofesi. Amayang'aniridwa ndi akuluakulu a chisankho ndipo akufalikira kwambiri.

Makalata ovota afala, makamaka pambuyo pa masankho 2020 pamene maboma ambiri awonjezera kupezeka kwa mliriwu. Mantha a zachinyengo achotsedwa kwambiri ndi kufufuza kochuluka; Brennan Center inapeza kuti chiŵerengero cha ovota chimakhala pakati pa 0,0004% ndi 0.099%. Komabe, ovota ayenera kutsatira malangizo enieni. "zikalata zolembedwa ziyenera kutsatiridwa panthaŵi yake."

Kutsimikizira ndi Kuŵerenga

Mutavota, njira zambiri zimatsimikizira kulondola. Akuluakulu a chisankho amatsimikizira kulembetsa kovota, pendani zikalata pa mapositi, ndiyeno kukonza makina opangira pepala. Mayiko ambiri amafuna mafuno kapena kutsata m'mafuko akufupi. Kumvetsetsa kachitidweka kungachepetse mantha okhudza kudalirika kwa masankho ndi kulimbitsa chidaliro m'dongosolo. Kudziŵa bwino za tsatanetsatane pa chitetezo cha chisankho, onani chuma kuchokera ku .S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Zolepheretsa Kufalitsa

Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri a ku America amadana ndi anthu a mitundu yonse, ku America kumakumana ndi mavuto amene amalepheretsa anthu kuvota.

Muzikhala ndi Malamulo a Chikalata

Chigamulo cha Khoti Lalikulu la mu 2008 chochirikiza lamulo la voti la ID la Indiana, maboma ambiri akhazikitsa ziyeneretso zofanana. Ochirikiza amanena kuti maID amaletsa chinyengo cha kupeka; otsutsa amanena kuti mamiliyoni a osankhidwa oyenerera / makamaka ochepera, ochepa, ndi okalamba a boma . Kufufuza ndi mafilimu a boma. [FLT:] ACLU [1] kumasonyeza kuti malamulo a maaID okhwima amachepetsa kwambiri mavoti pakati pa ocheperapoto. Ena amapatsa mavoti aulerenti aulere, koma kuwapeza kungafunikire mapepala ngati zikalata zosonyeza kubala, zimene zingakhale zokwera mtengo kapena zovuta kupeza.

Magazini Oti Mupeze Chidziŵitso

Malo opatsirapo anthu opunduka, okhala kutali ndi madera odutsa anthu onse, kapena ali ndi mizere yaitali imene imaletsa kuvota pambuyo pa ntchito. Zitsutso za zinenero zimaletsanso anthu olankhula Chingelezi. The Help America Vote Act ya 2002 inafuna malo oonera kuti apereke chithandizo cha zipangizo ndi chinenero, koma malamulo oletsa kupunduka angapemphe kutsekedwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina opezeka, koma kusamala za njira zimenezi kumakhala kochepa.

Kusiyana kwa Zidziŵitso

Ovota ambiri oyenerera savota kokha chifukwa chakuti alibe chidziŵitso: iwo sangakhale akudziŵa kumene angalembetse, chimene chili pa chisankho, kapena pamene chichitika. Masitepe ocholoŵa ndi mafuko achiweruzo kaŵirikaŵiri amasokoneza ovota. Magulu a Nonpartisan onga Ballopedia [1] amapereka mavoti ndi mafotokozedwe, koma si aliyense amene ali ndi nthaŵi kapena nthaŵi yotulukira. Sukulu ndi magulu a anthu angachite mbali yofunika kwambiri pokwaniritsa mpata umenewu mwa ma kampani ofufuza.

Kukhumudwa Kochititsa Chidwi

M'mayiko ambiri, anthu ogwidwa ndi mabwinja amataya ufulu wawo wovota, kaŵirikaŵiri kwa nthaŵi yaitali kapena kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Zimenezi zimayambukira kwambiri anthu a Black ndi Latino chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa mbiri m'dongosolo la milandu. Mayiko ena posachedwapa abwezeretsa ufulu wosankha pokhapokha atamasulidwa (m., Maine, Vermont, ndi Washington, D.C.), pamene ena amafuna kuti kazembe akhululukidwe kapena kumalizidwa kwa parpole. Komiti ya Aisencligist imayerekezera kuti anthu a ku America oposa 4.6 miliyoni amachotsedwa chifukwa cha zikhulupiriro zachilatini. Magulu a Avocki akupitiriza kulimbikitsa kuti asinthe zinthu m’boma ndi m'magulu a boma.

Gerrymandering

Gerrymandering . Court yakhazikitsa malamulo a chigawo kuti ayanjane ndi chipani chimodzi . Pamene zigawo zimakopeka kuti zigamule otsutsa m’zigawo zoŵerengeka kapena kuzifalitsa mopepuka kuzungulira zigawo zambiri, masankho amakhala opikisana pang'ono ndi kuimira. Khoti Lapamwamba lagamula kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu osankha si kuphwanya malamulo, kusiya nkhani ku makhoti ndi makhonsati a malamulo. Activicio amasonkhezera makomiti a ufulu a kuyeretsa, amene alipo monga California ndi Arizona. Zoters zingachirikize magulu amene amagwira ntchito kaamba ka chigawo chololera, monga [FLT:] Malamulo, monga ngati [FLD]

Mbali ya Maphunziro m’Kusinthasintha Zinthu

Kusanthula kampani ya ocholation odziŵa bwino nkofunika kuti pakhale demokrase yogwira ntchito. Maphunziro ndi ongochitika mwamwaŵi ndi mwamwaŵi, amathandiza nzika za m’dzikolo kukhala ndi chidziŵitso ndi luso lofufuza lofunikira kuti zipende oyembekezera kubatizidwa, kumvetsetsa njira zochitira masankho, ndi kutengamo mbali mokhutiritsa.

Chidziŵitso Chokoma

Masukulu ali ndi thayo la kuphunzitsa kapangidwe ka boma, mbiri ya ufulu wosankha, ndi kulinganiza masankho. Mwatsoka, ophunzira ambiri amamaliza maphunziro osazindikira mmene lamulo limakhalira lovomerezeka kapena zimene bungwe la sukulu la kumaloko limachita. Maboma amene amafuna maphunziro a boma, monga Florida ndi Illinois, awona wovota wapamwamba. Curcula amene amaphatikizapo kuyerekezera (masankho a m'apoti) kapena maprojekiti autumiki akugwirizanitsa chiphunzitso cha boma ndi machitachita.

Kuganiza Bwino Ndiponso Kuphunzira

Malo amakono a chidziŵitso amadzala ndi mawu olakwika, kuyambira pa nkhani zonama zokhudza njira zovota kufikira pa ndemanga zowopsa. Olemba mabuku ayenera kuphunzira kutsimikizira kumene kuli, kuzindikira kukondera, ndi kusiyanitsa pakati pa zenizeni ndi malingaliro. Maprogramu a Media odziŵa kulemba ndi kuŵerenga, amene kaŵirikaŵiri amagwirizanitsidwa m'maphunziro a anthu kapena a laibulale, amaphunzitsa maluso ameneŵa. Magulu onga Project ya Kusankha [1]

Kuloŵetsedwamo kwa Chitaganya

Maphunziro akupitirira pa kalasi. Mabungwe a anthu, malaibulale, ndi mabungwe achipembedzo angavomereze kulembetsa kwa ovota, ofunsira, ndi ma shopu ochitira mapulogalamu. Kufikira kwa ausinkhu wao kwatsimikizira kukhala kopindulitsa; pamene achichepere achikulire akulimbikitsidwa kuvota ndi mabwenzi, ali othekera kwambiri kuchita zimenezo. Programu zimene aŵiri osankhidwa koyamba ndi alangizi angaletse njira ndi kumanga zizoloŵezi za moyo wonse.

Kumaliza

Kulankhula ndi kuimira si zinthu zongopeka chabe. Ziri ziŵiya zothandiza kuumba chitaganya chimene mukukhala. Chisankho chilichonse, kuyambira ku bungwe laling'ono la tauni mpaka ku denation, chimapereka mpata wosonyeza makhalidwe anu ndi kufunsa mlandu. Mwakumvetsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana za kumaloko, boma, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zanu pamene mukuchita. Kugonjetsa zopinga monga malamulo oletsa malamulo a maID, kusapeza njira zofikira, ndipo mipata ya chidziŵitso imafuna kuti muchite zinthu mogwirizana: kuchirikiza ufulu wosankha, kufuna malo odzipezera malo oyenera, ndi kuphunzitsa ena. Ubwino wa democracy ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito yake. Mukasankha, mumalemekeza kulimbana ndi amene anamenyera ufuluwo ndi kutenga malo anu m'nkhani yaumwini. Mawu anu samveka bwino. Mawu anu ndi ongomveka.