Kupenda Ndalama Zofunika: Zofunika Kwambiri, Kudalirana, ndi Malangizo Anzeru

Malamulo a pachaka a boma la Australian Capital Territory (ACT) si otsogolera ndalama ndi zowonongedwa; ndi chikalata chachikulu chimene chimatembenuza lamulo kukhala zolondola kukhala zowona. Mwakusanthula mosamalitsa kugaŵira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za anthu, osungitsa ndalama kuchokera kwa nzika kufikira kwa opanga malamulo angapeze chidziŵitso chotsimikizirika cha mmene boma limaonera, mavuto amene limafunafuna kuti lipeze, ndi mapindu amene amapanga zosankha zake zamali. Kupenda kumeneku kumapyola pa maperesenti apamwamba a kupenda malonda apamwamba, njira zothandizira ndalama, ndi ziyambukiro zenizeni za mmene ntchitozo zimagawira chuma chake.

M'nyengo zaposachedwapa, boma la Acts lakhala lolinganizika mosalekeza zolinga zitatu zopitira patsogolo: kusungitsa mautumiki ofunika a boma, kusungitsa zinthu zochirikiza kuwonjezereka kwa anthu, ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndalama za bajeti zisungidwa ndi nthaŵi yaitali. Makonzedwe a bajeti akusonyezanso kulinganiza kumeneku, ndi thanzi ndi maphunziro a mbiri yakale akulamulira mbali zazikulu, pamene kuli kwakuti ndalama za ndalama za kuyendetsa zinthu ndi kukonzanso matauni zikutsimikizira kuyandikira kwa kulinganiza kwa mzinda. Komabe, kufufuza kozama kuvumbula kuti ndalama za ndalama zimapangidwa ndi zisonkhetso za kudalira pa kuchuluka kwa anthu, makonzedwe a boma, ndi dongosolo la zachuma la zachuma, ndi kayendetsedwe kamodzi ka chigawo ka .

Kupanga Mabajeti a Macro Wasting ndi Maziko a Ndalama Zogulitsira

Kuzindikira bajeti ya kayendetsedwe ka zinthu kumafuna choyamba kuzindikira mbali ya ndalama ya kuchulukaku. Gawoli limadalira pa msanganizo wa ndalama zopezedwa modzifunira (principely pasket), malipiro a onse (msonkho wapadziko), ndi kutumiza ntchito yochuluka kuchokera ku Commonwealth , kuphatikizapo ndalama zoyendetsera ndalama ndi ndalama zoikizira. Ndalama za mwini zakhala zofunika kwambiri pamene gawo likulondola kusintha msonkho, makamaka kutsika kwa ntchito za sitampule ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mlingo wa dziko. Kusintha ndalama kwenikweni kumeneku kumasonkhezera ndalama zoyendetsera ndalama zofunikira kutha ntchito zaumoyo, maphunziro, ndi mautumiki a anthu.

Mbali ya zowonongedwa zapangidwa ku magulu aŵiri aakulu: zowonongedwa zanthaŵi zonse [1] (malipiro a tsiku ndi tsiku a ntchito) ndi zowonongedwa za ndalama [ (kulinganiza ndi kulenga). Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kwa pafupifupi 85-90% ya zonse zotsala, ndi kupanga ndalama zotsala. M’kuwononganso, antchito amawononga ndalama zambiri kwa antchito a zaumoyo, aphunzitsi, ndi apolisi . Zimenezi zikutanthauza kuti ndalama iliyonse yofunika imafunika kusintha ndi makampani a makampani ndi ntchito.

MPHAMBITT . Chilangizo chimenechi chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi lamulo la Actal Fiscal Junic Act 2015 , limene limalamula kuti pakhale zotsala zapakati ndi kuonekera kwa zinthu popanda kulolera mayeso. Monga chotulukapo, zolemba za bajeti kaŵirikaŵiri zimaphatikizapo madeti a zaka zambiri a ntchito, khongo, ndi ndalama, kupatsa ofufuza za kutsogolo kwa kuyang'anira kusungika.

Ziyeso Zokhala ndi Manda Apadera

  • Grants: Malo aakulu koposa a ndalama (pafupifupi 40% ya ndalama zonse pamodzi), ogawiridwa mwa kulingana kwa mlingo wowonjezedwa. Kusintha kwa pakati pa maboma kukhoza kukhala ndi ziyambukiro zowonjezereka pa bajeti.
  • General Rages : [[FLT :1] Malo owonjezereka mowonjezereka pamene gawo likuleka ntchito yotsekereza. Mayeso amaŵerengeredwa kuchokera pa mtengo wosalinganizika ndipo amasinthidwa chaka chilichonse.
  • Through Trisk : Kupitirizidwa ku mabizinesi okhala ndi malipiro pamwamba pa thamo (pakali pano $2 miliyoni). Msonkho umenewu ndi magwero a ndalama zambiri koma nthaŵi zina umasinthidwa kuchirikiza kukula kwa kabizinesi kochepa.
  • Zopereka za Cholinga za Commonwealth: Zogwirizana ndi thanzi, maphunziro, mautumiki a nyumba, ndi opunduka. Mapangano ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amaphatikizapo mikhalidwe imene imapanga kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama.

Kagulu Kazaumoyo: Chofunika Kwambiri ndi Kukwera kwa Mitengo

Umoyo umakhala ndi pafupifupi 40% ya ndalama zonse za Act , mlingo umene wakwera kwambiri m'zaka khumi zapitazo. Mabungwe a zaumoyo a Canberra ndi Chipatala amalandira ndalama zambiri, kuphatikiza ntchito ya chipatala cha Canberra, malo a zaumoyo a anthu, mautumiki a zamaganizo, ndi maprogramu osankha opareshoni. Boma laperekanso likulu lapadera ku chipatala chofutukuka [[FLT:] Camberra Hospital [1], ntchito ya madola ambiri imene idzawonjezera mabedi, masewera, ndi dipatimenti ya zamwaŵiro.

Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zowonongedwa pa thanzi kukuchititsidwa ndi zinthu zingapo: anthu okalamba, kuchuluka kwa matenda osatha, ndi kuchuluka kwa mautumiki a zamaganizo. Njirayi ili ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha anthu a zaka zoposa 65 m’madera a ku Australia, kukakamiza zipatala ndi zipatala za okalamba. Ndiponso, mliri wa CHOVAD-19 umene ukusonyeza kuti anthu ali ndi thanzi labwino, kuchititsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama m'miliri yokonzekera, mapulogalamu a katemera, ndi njira zaumoyo.

Mapepala a zaumoyo asonyeza kuti ndalama zogwiritsidwa ntchito pa kampani ya zaumoyo zawonjezeka pa avareji ya 5-6% pachaka kuyambira 2019, kupitirira zonse ziŵiri kukwera ndi kukwera kwa chuma. Chithandizo chimenechi chachititsa boma kuyesayesa kuchita zinthu mwachipambano, monga kuwonjezera ntchito ya madokotala a namwino, kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepetsera mtengo wodwala, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zoneneratu kuti athe kuyendetsa bwino moyo wa wodwala. Komabe, thanzi lidakali malo ovuta kwambiri kuyendera ndale; kuyesayesa kulikonse kwa kuchepetsa kukula kwa anthu kumakopa kufufuza kwa anthu ambiri.

Maprogramu Apadera

  • Thanzi la za m'matenda: [[FLT :1] Ndilo kuchuluka kwa ndalama zoperekedwa ndi 12% mu 2023-24 ya bajeti, kuchirikiza maprogramu oyambirira a kuloŵerera, timu zaumoyo za anthu, ndi zipatala zatsopano za maganizo pa Yunivesiti ya Canberra.
  • Opareshoni yosanthula: Maopaleshoni owonjezereka 1,000 pachaka, ochirikizidwa mwapadera kupyolera m'mapale osankhidwa a Commonwealth. Kuyembekezera kuchepetsa ndandanda kuli chizindikiro chachikulu cha ntchito.
  • Abrigiod ndi Torres Strait Islander Health: maprogramu olinganizidwa kutseka mpata, kuphatikizapo Ngunnaw Bush Healing Farm ndi mautumiki a chisamaliro oyenerera mwachikhalidwe.
  • Thanzi ndi Kuchinjiriza: Ndalama zothandizira APPP Preventive Health Plan 2022-2027, kusumika maganizo pa kunenepa, kusuta, ndi kuchepetsa zoledzeretsa.

Kagulu Ka za Maphunziro: Kusungitsa Ndalama ku Likulu la Anthu

Maphunziro amalandira 25% ya ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito, kusonyeza mlingo wapamwamba wa maphunziro apamwamba a gawolo ndi kufunika kwakukulu kwa maphunziro apamwamba. Acts Education Directorate imayang'anira masukulu onse aŵiri a boma ndi mbali yaikulu ya sukulu zosakhala boma kupyolera mwa ndalama zamalikulu ndi ndalama zapamwamba pa ndalama iliyonse. Ndalama zoikizidwazo zimaikidwa mokulira kwambiri kulinga ku ubwana ndi maphunziro oyambirira, ndi chigawo chachiŵiri ndi pambuyo pa sekondale.

Chikhoterero chodziŵika kwambiri ndicho ndalama zowonjezereka zoperekera maphunziro a ntchito ndi maphunziro (VET) kupyolera ku Canberra Institute of Technology (CIT). Boma la SANKHA ladzipereka kutheketsa TEF kulowa m'makalasi osamalira, kumanga, ndi makompyuta amakono. Zimenezi zimayendera limodzi ndi zolinga za kuchuluka kwa ntchito, kusoŵa kwa maluso a zaumoyo, IT, ndi chuma chabiri.

Malamulo a ndalama athandizanso yunivesite ya Canberra kudzera m'mapangano a zachuma ndi mayanjano ogwirizana ofufuza, makamaka m'madera monga sayansi ya masewera, thanzi la anthu, ndi kusungika kwa malo. Ngakhale kuti maphunziro apamwamba ndi udindo wa chigwirizano, ntchitoyi imapereka ndalama zambiri zothandizira ophunzira ndi malo atsopano.

Maphunziro Aakulu Ayamba

  • Mphunzitsi Pulani ya Ntchito: [[FL:1] $15 miliyoni kuposa zaka zinayi kukopa ndi kusunga aphunzitsi, kuphatikizapo maphunziro, kulangiza maprogramu, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kwaukatswiri.
  • School Infrastre: Pulogalamu ya sukulu zatsopano za kukula monga Gungahlin ndi Mollo, kuphatikizapo kukwera ku makalasi aukalamba ndi malaibulale.
  • Maphunziro a Ana oyambirira: Kufutukuka kwa programu ya padziko lonse ya sukulu ya , kuyenda kuyambira pa maola 15 mpaka 20 pa mlungu kwa zaka zinayi, ndi kuwonjezereka kwa zopereka kaamba ka zaka zitatu m’mabanja osauka.
  • Maphunziro opatulidwa: Kupereka ndalama zothandizira aphunzitsi owonjezera, othandizira kuphunzira, ndi zipangizo zapadera za ophunzira olumala.

Zopangapanga ndi Zoyendera: Kumanga Zothandiza Kukula ndi Kukhazikika

Kuika ndalama zambiri pa makampani ndi chinthu chachitatu choyambirira, kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zonse. AN’AMENE amandandalika mapaipi a ntchito za ntchito zamtengo woposa $5 biliyoni pa zaka khumi zotsatira, zophimba zoyendera, madzi, mphamvu, ndi nyumba za anthu. Ntchito imodzi yaikulu kwambiri ndi yothandiza kuchepetsa kudalira ndi kutulutsa galimoto.

Malo a misewu adakali ofunika kwambiri, makamaka kupangidwa kwa misewu yaikulu (m’chitsanzo, kukwera kwa Monaro Highway) ndi kuwongolera misewu. Ndalama zapamsewu zaperekanso ndalama zothandizira kuyenda mokangalika . Njira za njinga ndi kudutsa anthu apansi pa miyendo zikuchirikiza cholinga cha Actal cha kutulutsa utoto pofika 2045.

Kusungika kumaloŵa m'malikulu. Boma lalamula kuti nyumba zonse zatsopano zoyendetsedwa ndi bajeti zikhale ndi mphamvu yochepa ya magetsi, ndipo limagaŵira ndalama zoguliranso mphamvu. projekiti ya Canberra ya Battery , limodzi ndi mabatire a m'madera monga Belconen, imayendetsedwa ndi ndalama kudzera m'mabanki a ndandanda ya za nyengo.

Ntchito Zosankhidwiratu Zomangira Zinthu

  • Kuunika Rail Stage 2A:[[FL:1] biliyoni $1.2 [2 biliyoni] kuti afutukule kuchokera ku City mpaka ku Commonwealth Park (panthawi yake: 2024-2028).
  • Ufulu wa Supped Emergency Department :[[FL:1] miliyoni $500 kuwonjezera malo 50 ochiritsira ndi gombe latsopano la ambulansi.
  • Stromlo Forest Park Park Park Path Network: $40 miliyoni yolumikiza njira.
  • Program: $50 miliyoni kuposa zaka zitatu kubwezeretsa kapena kukonzanso nyumba za anthu okalamba, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa mphamvu.

Kuteteza Anthu, Mautumiki a Anthu Onse, ndi Kusamalira Anthu Osiyanasiyana

Kutetezeka kwa anthu onse kumalandira 5 /7% ya bajeti, kuchirikiza ndi ndalama (kupyolera mwa makonzedwe autumiki ndi a Australian Federal Police), ACT Abuntunce Service, ACT Fire & Reset, ndi Emergency Service Agency . Mautumiki a anthu, okhala ndi nyumba, mautumiki opanda nyumba, kuchirikiza, ndi thanzi la anthu, akuchititsa 8-10%.

Chimodzi cha zinthu zofunika kwambiri zowonongedwa m'zaka zaposachedwapa chakhala njira yopezera zosowa za nyumba ndi kusoŵa kwa nyumba. Ngakhale kuti pali kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa ndalama zothandizira malo okhala amavuto, gawolo likupitirizabe kusoŵa zinthu zofunikira. Ndalama zakhala zikuyankha ndi msanganizo wa zopereka (dziko lotulutsidwa, kumangidwa kwachindunji kwa nyumba za anthu) ndi kufunidwa kwa ndalama (thandizo la m'mabanja, ngongole za m'banja). Komabe, otsutsa anena kuti ndalamazo sizikukwanira kuchuluka kwa ndandanda yoyembekezera nyumba za anthu.

Mautumiki a zathanzi lamaganizo amagwa pansi pa zonse ziŵiri thanzi ndi mautumiki a chitaganya. Ndalama za bajeti yapanga mathayo atsopano odziŵika kwa pambuyo pa maola a tsoka , antchito ausinkhu wanu, ndi maprogramu otetezera kudzipha. Ofesi ya chipatala cha Mental ndi Well Beager inakhazikitsidwa kugwirizanitsa zoyesayesa zimenezi ndi kufalitsa malipoti a chaka ndi chaka.

Mfundo Zazikulu za Kulingana Mayanjano

  • Chichirikizo cha Kuthekera: Ndalama zowonjezereka zothandizira ofunikira a NDIS, kuphatikizapo mautumiki a polisi ndi kudandaula.
  • Kuletsa Kulakwa ndi Chiwawa cha Banja: A 20% ya ndalama zothandizira nyumba, chithandizo cha lamulo, ndi maprogramu ovutitsa.
  • Affairs: zopereka kaamba ka sukulu za chinenero cha chitaganya, mautumiki a kusupa, ndi kukambitsirana kwa mgwirizano.
  • Comment ndi Zosangulutsa: Malo ogwirira ntchito ndi mabanja olandira pang'ono, kuphatikizapo kukwera ndi malo a maseŵera a m'chitaganya.

Kudziŵa Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri ndi Mtsogolo

Pamene Act iyandikira pa kuchuluka kwake mu 2024, bajeti imapangidwa mowonjezereka ndi madongosolo anthaŵi yaitali monga ngati [[FLT: 0] Act Welling Weafwor shom , imene imayesa chipambano osati kokha mwa kutuluka kwa chuma komanso mwa zizindikiro monga za thanzi, maphunziro, kugwirizana kwa anthu, ndi malo okhala. Kusintha kumeneku kwa mapangano kumachititsa kusankha zochita mwa kufuna kuti zopereka zatsopano zisonyeze chiyambukiro chabwino pa malo ena abwino.

Kusintha kwa nyengo ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri chimene tsopano chili ndi ndalama zake zoperekedwa pa bajeti. ACT yakhala ikuphatikizapo 100% wa magetsi otha kukonzedwanso pofika 2025 ndi ukonde pofika 2045. Mabanki a boma amaphatikizapo ndalama zothandizira padenga la magetsi, ma magetsi, ndi nyumba zoyenerera kuti ziyende bwino.

Kusintha kwa moyo kupitirizabe kupanikiza ndalama za thanzi ndi zamaphunziro. Anthu ovutika akuganiza kuti adzawonjezeka ndi 25% pa zaka 20 zikubwerazi, ndipo gulu loposa 65 la anthu lidzafika 60%. Izi zidzafuna zipatala zatsopano, masukulu, ndi malo othandizira okalamba, komanso kusintha kuti apereke zitsanzo zothandizira kuwonjezera phindu la ntchito.

Pomalizira, kusungidwa kwa ndalama kudakali chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Pamene kuli kwakuti AC ikukhala ndi mlingo wa ngongole, kuchuluka kwa ngongole kwapita pamwamba chifukwa cha ntchito zazikulu. Ma bajeti amtsogolo adzafunikira kulinganiza kufunika kwa ndale zadziko kwa kuchepetsa msonkho ndi kufunika kwa ndalama zolipirira zowonjezereka za ntchito. Dipatimenti ya DHV (]] Ogwirizana ndi mapepala a Mapepala a Bactation Mapepala a Mapepala a [1] ) akupereka ndemanga zatsatanetsatane za ndalama ndi kutsogolo kwa awo amene akufuna kutsatira njira zimenezi.

Kuwona mokulira kwa mmene MPUNDO imafananitsira ndi maulamuliro ena a Australia, [[FLT: 0] Farliament Bactenment Office yopenda ya pachaka imapereka mawu a dziko lonse. Kuwonjezerapo, kupenda kwaumwini kuchokera ku Centre ya Independent Studies ndi [FLT: 4.] GRATTAN Institute mobwerezabwereza kupenda boma ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino gawo, kupereka markpo opindulitsa popenda bajeti yosankha ndalama za APTC.

Mapeto ake: Malamulo a Bajeti Osonyeza Makhalidwe a Anthu ndi Zosankha Zabwino

GAWO la bajeti ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za anthu si ntchito zaumisiri zopanda mbali; ndizo zolemba zandale zimene zimagwirizana ndi ntchito za boma za kulinganiza, kusungika kwa malo okhala, ndi kulemera kwa chuma. Thanzi ndi maphunziro zimalamulira mbali zonse za ndalama, kusonyeza kuchuluka kwa magawo, anthu odziŵa bwino za thanzi. Kuikizira ndalama zamalikulu za zinthu zofunika kukhazikika [1] Makamaka njanji younikira ndi mphamvu yokonzanso mphamvu ya magetsi [1] imapanga masomphenya anthaŵi yaitali amene amaika patsogolo kukhazikika ndi ntchito ya nyengo. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, bajeti iyenera kupitiriza kuyenda m'malonda pakati pa zosoŵa zopikisana, nzeru zaumoyo, ndi kuyang'anira msonkho.

Kwa anthu okhala m’deralo ndi mabizinesi, kudziwa zinthu zofunika zimenezi n’kofunika. Ndalama zimene zimakhudza ntchito yopereka utumiki, kukwera kwa zinthu zofunika pamoyo, ndi kukwera kwa malo ozungulira. Mwa kupenda si manambala apamwamba okha komanso mapulogalamu atsatanetsatane ndi kutsogolo, anthu oika maakaunti a boma angapangitse boma kukhala ndi mlandu ndi kutenga nawo mbali mwatanthauzo mu dongosolo la demokrase.

Pamene gawo liyang’ana kutsogolo, bajeti ifunikira kusinthira ku mavuto atsopano: kusintha kwa magalimoto amagetsi, kuphatikiza nzeru zopeka m'mautumiki a boma, ndi kufunika kowonjezereka kwa okalamba ndi opanditsa. Kaya madongosolo a bajeti amakono angathetse zitsenderezo zimenezi popanda kutsendereza ndalama kapena ngongole yowonjezereka adzaziwona. Koma chinthu chimodzi nchodziŵikiratu: bajeti ndi chikalata chamoyo, ndipo chisinthiko chake chapachaka chimavumbula zikhumbo ndi zopimira za gawo ndi zopimirapo zake.