Chigumula cha Magetsi: Chifukwa Chake Kuphunzira Kudziŵa Zinthu Kuli Chitetezo Chabwino Koposa cha Demokrase

Tikukhala m'nyengo ya chidziŵitso chochuluka. Ndi foni m'thumba lililonse ndi mumtsinje wosatha wa zinthu zimene zili m'manyuzi oulutsirako anthu zikudyetsa, nyuzi, ndi ma injini ofufuza, chidziŵitso chakhala chopezekapo. Koma kupezeka kwa zinthu sikungafanane. Maluso enieniwo amene amafalitsa nkhani m'masekondi amafalitsanso nkhani zolakwika ndi mlingo womwewo. Pa ntchito ya democracy, nzika ziyenera kusiyanitsa zizindikiro ndi phokoso, mfundo ndi nthano, ndi umboni wodalirika wa kuzungulira. Kukhoza kutchedwa kukhoza kwa kufalitsa nkhani za m'masekondi. [1] ndipo kungakhalenso luso la anthu a m'zaka za zana la 21.

Kuphunzira chidziŵitso sikuli kokha kudziŵa mmene angagwiritsire ntchito injini yofufuzira kapena kutchula magwero ake m'mawu akuti pepala. Ndi maziko amene amachirikiza kuvota kodziŵidwa, kukwaniritsa bwino ntchito, kupanga zosankha, ndi mtundu wa nkhani yosuliza imene imasunga zipani za democracy zomwe zimaŵerengera. Pamene kuŵerengera chidziŵitso kuchepa, maboma a democracy amakhala okhoza kufalitsa mabodza, malingaliro opeka, ndi kunyonyotsoka kwa zinthu. Pamene akulitsa, nzika zimapatsidwa mphamvu mmalo mwa ogula zinthu zilizonse zimene zachitika powolowera makompyuta awo.

Nkhaniyi ikusanthula tanthauzo la kudziŵa chidziŵitso, mbali yake yaikulu m’moyo wa democracy, zitokoso zazikulu zimene zimachiwopseza, ndi njira zogwira ntchito zochilimbikitsira m’midzi yonse. Kaya ndinu mphunzitsi, wopereka mabuku, wopanga malamulo, kapena nzika yodera nkhaŵa, kuzindikira ndi kuchirikiza chidziŵitso ndiko kuikizira thanzi la demokrase yeniyeniyo.

Kufotokoza Kudziŵa Kuŵerenga ndi Kuŵerenga: Si Luso Lofufuza

Liwu lakuti "information textaring" linatchuka koyamba m'ma 1970, koma phindu lake langowonjezereka pamene inayamba kukwera Internet. Association of College & Research Library (ACRL) imamasulira kuwerenga ndi kulemba zinthu monga "maluso osiyanasiyana osonyeza chidziŵitso, kuzindikira mmene chidziŵitso chimapangidwira ndi kuŵerengeredwa, ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chidziŵitso popanga chidziŵitso chatsopano ndi kukhala ndi phande m’magulu a maphunziro.

M’zochita, kuŵerenga ndi kulemba zinthu kumaphatikizapo gulu la mipikisano yogwirizana:

  • Kuzindikira chidziŵitso chofunikira: Kudziŵa pamene mulibe chidziŵitso kapena umboni wofunikira kuyankha funso kapena kupanga chosankha.
  • Kufalitsa chidziŵitso choyenerera: Kugwiritsira ntchito njira zolondola zofufuzira ku masewero, malaibulale, mawebusaiti, ndi magwero ena.
  • magwero ndi zolembedwa: Kutsimikizira kudalirika, kukondera, nthaŵi, ulamuliro, ndi kulondola.
  • Kugwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso mokhutiritsa: Kugwirizanitsa zopezedwa kuchirikiza zigomeko, kuthetsa mavuto, kapena kudziŵitsa machitidwe.
  • Kugwiritsira ntchito chidziŵitso mogwirizana ndi mwambo: Kumvetsetsa kulembedwa kwa chilolezo, zinthu zaluntha, zachinsinsi, ndi thayo la kupereka moyenerera.

Kuphunzira ndi kulemba ndi kulemba ndi kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga. Kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga kumakhudza kwambiri luso logwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono. Kuwerenga ndi kulemba ku CD kumagogomezera kupenda mauthenga m'makompyuta. Kumasulira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu. Kuphunzira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za m'Baibulo ndi ambulera yaikulu imene imagwirizana, yogwirizana ndi ntchito yofufuza.

Kuphunzira Kuphunzitsa Zinthu Zapamwamba N’kothandiza Kwambiri

Mu 2016, ACRL inalandira ntchito yatsopano yolemba pa Chidziŵitso kaamba ka Maphunziro Apamwamba , kuchoka pa miyezo yolimba yoloŵera ku masewero osintha kwambiri. Mafanima asanu ndi limodzi ameneŵa amathandiza aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira kulingalira za kuŵerenga ndi kulemba zinthu monga njira yogwira mtima, ya malongosoledwe:

  1. Unduna Wamangidwa ndi Malemba Ogwirizana: Kuwoneka kumadalira pa chitaganya ndi chifuno chimene chidziŵitso chikugwiritsiridwa ntchito.
  2. Chilengedwe cha chidziŵitso monga Programu: zinthu zodziŵikitsa zimasonyeza ntchito zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira zinthuzo, zimene zimayambukira phindu ndi kudalirika kwake.
  3. Chidziŵitso chili ndi Phindu: Chidziŵitso ndi katundu, njira ya maphunziro, chiŵiya cha chisonkhezero, ndi magwero a mphamvu.
  4. Kufufuza monga Inquisry: Kufufuza kuli kopekedwa ndi mafunso amene amasandulika kwa nthaŵi.
  5. Comment
  6. Kufufuza monga Kufufuza Kwabwino: Kufufuza kogwira mtima kumafuna kulolera, kulimbikira, ndi kufunitsitsa kukonza njira.

Mafukufuku amenewa si a ophunzira a kukoleji okha, koma amathandiza kwambiri kumvetsa mmene chidziŵitso chimagwirira ntchito m’malo osiyanasiyana a anthu onse.

Chifukwa Chake Demokrase Imadalira pa Nzika Zodziŵa za Dziko

Democracy ili ndi lingaliro losavuta koma lofuna zambiri: kuti anthu onse pamodzi, ali okhoza kudzilamulira okha. Izi zimafuna kuti nzika zikhale ndi chidziŵitso cholongosoka ndi luso la kulingalira nacho. Popanda chidziŵitso.

Talingalirani chisankho cha pulezidenti 2020 ku United States. A Pew Research Center . Anapeza kuti Aamereka amene anadalira kwambiri pa manyuzi a masankho sanaone bwino mfundo zenizeni za masankho kuposa aja amene anagwiritsira ntchito nkhani zina. Kufufuza kumodzimodziku kunasonyeza kuti ogula nkhani za manyuzipepala ndi a zachikhalidwe nawonso anali othekera kukumana ndi nkhani zoulutsidwa. Zimenezi siziri zamwadzidzidzi za m'nyengo ya makompyuta; ndi mbali ya mapulatifomu amene amapanga mapulatifomu opanga nkhani molondola.

Pamene nzika sizingathe kusiyanitsa pakati pa kusimba kotsimikizirika ndi mavairasi, sizingakwaniritse mathayo awo a boma. Angavotere okonzekera ozikidwa pa zinyazi zopeka, kutsutsa malamulo ozikidwa pa ziŵerengero zosokeretsa, kapena kutaya kotheratu kusokonezeka ndi kusakhulupirira. Kuphunzira chidziŵitso ndiko mankhwala a kunyonyotsoka kumeneku kwa boma.

Kugwirizana kwa Kuphunzira ndi Kupanga Mafuta

Kuimba kuli kachitidwe koyambirira kokulira ka kukhala ndi phande m’demokrase, koma kuli kwatanthauzo kokha pamene osankha auzidwa.

  • Ofuna kuvota ndi malamulo a ofufuza amagwiritsira ntchito mabuku aakulu.
  • Yesani kuona kuti anthu otsatsa malonda ndi andale ndi odalirika.
  • Muzimvetsa mmene malamulo a m’mapepala amayendera komanso mmene malamulo operekedwawo amakhudzira ntchitoyo.
  • Zindikirani ndi kunyalanyaza makampani oletsa mauthenga opotozedwa olinganizidwa kupondereza kapena kupezerapo mwayi.

Zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuuza anthu mmene angavotere, koma kuwapatsa zida zowathandiza kukwaniritsa mfundo zawo zogwirizana ndi umboni. Democracy siifuna kuti anthu azikhala odemokrase; imafunika kukangana koganiza bwino pakati pa anthu otengamo mbali.

Kuloŵa m’Nthaŵi ya Kusamba Kuposa Bokosi la Mpira

Kuphunzira kumathandizanso kugwirizanitsa zinthu za m'dziko. Nzika zimene zingapende nkhani za m'malo a boma, kumasulira bajeti, ndi kumvetsetsa mikangano ya magulu a anthu ofuna kudziŵa zinthu, zimatha kufika pamisonkhano ya m’maholo a m'tauni, kuvomereza ku mabungwe a m'mizinda, kugwirizanitsa ndi mabungwe a zauchigawenga, ndi kuchititsa akuluakulu osankhidwa kukhala ndi mlandu. Zilinso zokonzeka bwino kutsutsa kukopa zipinda zokokera ndi mapepala otetezera zimene zimachirikiza zikhoterero zomwe zilipo popanda kuzipereka ku malingaliro ena.

Kight Foundation yalemba kuti anthu okhala ndi mlingo wapamwamba wa chidziŵitso amasonyeza thanzi lachisokonezo lachikulire, kuphatikizapo wovota wokulirapo, mlingo wapamwamba wa kudzipereka, ndi kulimba kwa nyuzi za kumaloko. Kusintha sikuchitika mwangozi. Nzika zodziŵika zimafuna ulamuliro wabwinopo, ndi ulamuliro wabwino kumadalira pa nzika zodziŵa bwino.

Kampani ya Mwini Dziko Wosaphunzira Chidziŵitso

Pamene kuli kwakuti kudziŵa kudziŵa zinthu ndiko luso locholoŵana ndi lopangidwa m’mitundumitundu, kungapatulidwe kukhala mipikisano isanu yamaziko imene makamaka imakhudza kukhala ndi phande m’zademokrase.

Kuzindikira Chidziŵitso Kumafunikira

Sitepe loyamba la kudziŵa chidziŵitso ndi kudziŵa kuti mufunikira chidziŵitso. Izi zikumveka bwino, koma m'malo amene mayankho amaperekedwa nthaŵi zonse ndi maajensi, anthu ambiri samafunsa ngati chidziŵitso chimene akulandira chimayankhadi funso lawo. Munthu wokhala ndi chidziŵitso amazindikira pamene mawu ake afunikira kutsimikizirika, pamene nkhani ya m'nyuzi siikuchitika, ndi pamene lamulo lifuna kupendedwa mozama.

Kupeza Chidziŵitso Chodalirika

Kudziŵa kumene mungayang'ane ndiko mbali ya nkhondo. Anthu odziŵa chidziŵitso amazindikira kusiyana kwa gwero lalikulu (m'chitsanzo, chikalata cha boma, maphunziro a sayansi) ndi gwero lina (m’chitsanzo, nkhani ya m'nyuzi yofotokoza mwachidule maphunziro). Amadziwa mmene angagwiritsire ntchito mathekipi a maphunziro, mapulogalamu a boma, mawebusaiti ofufuza mfundo zenizeni, ndi mabuku a laibulale. Amazindikiranso kupereŵera kwa maadiremishoni a injini ndi kufunika kwa kusanthula zakudya zawo.

3. Mabuku Osokoneza ndi Umboni

Imeneyi ndi mtima wodziŵa kulemba ndi kulemba. Kufufuza kumafuna kufunsa mafunso ovuta: Kodi ndani amene anapanga chidziŵitso chimenechi ndi chifukwa chake? Kodi pali umboni wotani wochirikiza zimene zikunenedwa? Kodi magwero a mutu umenewu ndi amene ali ndi mphamvu? Kodi chidziŵitso ndi kutsimikizira kwina kulikonse? Maselo othandiza ndi CRAP] Kuyesa [ [Kuyesa [kuthandiza], Revlance, Authority, Activity, Cholinga , kumene kumapereka njira yolinganizidwira bwino yopezera zolembera mabuku. Mwachitsanzo, mapepala a za ma nyukiteriya angakhale adakalipo ndi ofunika, koma ngati ulamuliro wake uli wosadziŵika ndi wosalongosoka, ayenera kulangidwa mopambanitsa.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Nkhani

Ngati chidziŵitso chasonkhanitsidwa ndi kupendedwa, sitepe lotsatira ndilo kuchigwiritsira ntchito. Izi zingaphatikizepo kulemba kalata kwa mkulu wosankhidwa, kukonzekera mikangano, kupanga chitsogozo cha gulu la anthu ovota, kapena kungopanga chosankha chaumwini ponena za myeso wa pepala. Kufufuza kogwira mtima kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mabuku osiyanasiyana, kuvomereza zotsutsa, ndi kupereka zopezedwa m’njira yomveka ndi yokopa.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Ntchito

Kuphunzira sikuli kokha chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu; kumatanthauzanso kulenga ndi kugawana. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa makompyuta kumaphatikizapo kuvomereza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino, kupeŵa kutchula magwero, ndi kuonetsa malingaliro a munthu ndi zopimira. Kumatanthauzanso kukhala wosamala pogaŵana chidziŵitso chosatsimikizirika, ngakhale ngati chimagwirizana ndi malingaliro a munthu. M'nkhani za manyuzi, kugwiritsa ntchito mwambo kumafuna kuti munthu aime kaye asanamenye "custom"

Kuopsa Kwake: Kuulutsidwa Molakwika, Kuchuluka kwa Nkhani, ndi Kugaŵikana kwa Makompyuta

Ngakhale kuti kudziwa zinthu n’kothandiza kwambiri, anthu ambiri sadziwa kuti pali njira zina zimene zingawalepheretse kuphunzira luso limeneli.

Malo Opangira Zinthu ndi Kusamvana kwa Mistation

Maiconformation [FLT :1] ndibodza kapena n'zolakwika zimene zafalitsidwa popanda cholinga chanjiru. Disyformation [1] Ndi chidziŵitso chonyenga mwadala ndi cholinga chofuna kunyenga. Zonse ziŵiri zakhala zopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe zamakono. [[FLT:] Kafukufukufuku wa gulu la Article pa "Truth Decay" analemba chizolowezi cha zaka makumi ambiri pakati pa mfundo ndi malingaliro n’zovuta kuiwala, ndi kuchuluka kwa chidziŵitso choposa ndi kutsimikizira.

Mapulatifomu a za makompyuta, ndi kuwonjezera kwake kwa kusokonezeka maganizo kwa zinthu, kwasonkhezera chikhoterero chimenechi. Mabodza akufalikira mofulumira, kutali, ndi mozama kuposa choonadi pa mapulatifomu onga Twitter ndi Facebook. Luso la zojambulajambula ndi Chingelezi la AI limapanga kuti kudalira zimene timaona ndi kumva kukhale kovuta kwambiri. Kuphunzira kuyenera kusinthiratu kuti muthetse mavuto atsopanowa, koma kusintha kwa luso la zopangapanga kumaposa kusintha kwa maphunziro.

Chidziŵitso Chochuluka ndi Kutopa Kofuna Kubwezera

Munthu wamkulu wa ku America amagwiritsa ntchito maora oposa 10 tsiku lililonse. Nkhani zambiri n’zovuta kwambiri, ndipo anthu sadziwa zambiri zowafotokozera zonse. Anthu ambiri akakumana ndi zinthu zambirimbiri, amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsalira nzeru zimene zingasokonezeke. Amadalira kuti bwenzi limodzi lodalirika kapena poundit, kapena angangovomereza zimene zimaoneka choyamba m’nkhani zawo.

Kugaŵanika kwa Makompyuta ndi Kupezeka Kosalingana

Kuphunzira sikugaŵidwa mokulira ku madera onse a anthu. Magawo aakulu amaimira mipata ya kugwiritsa ntchito tekinoloji ndi intaneti, komanso kuphatikizapo maluso ofunika kuti agwiritse ntchito luso limeneli. Malinga ndi Center yofufuza , achikulire, anthu akumidzi, ndi amene ali ndi ndalama zochepa sangakhale ndi maluso ambiri panyumba ndipo sangakhale ndi maluso a makono ofunikira kuti apeze chidziŵitso chokulira. Kugaŵa masamu ameneŵa ndi kofunika pa chidziŵitso chapadziko lonse.

Kudziŵa Kudziŵa Kudziŵa Zinthu: Zothandiza Kudziŵa Zinthu

Kulimbikitsa anthu kudziwa kulemba ndi kulemba kumafuna sukulu, malaibulale, mabungwe oulutsa nkhani, makampani a zopangapanga komanso magulu a anthu.

Kutumiza Kuphunzira Nkhani ku K-12

Njira yabwino kwambiri yophunzitsira anthu kudziwa zinthu ndi kuwerenga ndiyo kuyamba msanga. Mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo Illinois ndi California, akhazikitsa malamulo oletsa sukulu kuphunzitsa kulemba ndi kulemba ndi kulemba ndiponso kulemba zinthu m’manyuzipepala.

Maphunziro ozikidwa pa ntchito, amene ophunzira amafufuza mafunso enieni ndi kupanga malipoti awo kapena maulaliki, ali njira yogwira mtima kwambiri. Imakakamiza ophunzira kugwiritsa ntchito njira yonse yodziŵira zinthu: kudziŵa kufunika, kupeza magwero, kupenda umboni, kugwirizanitsa zopezedwa, ndi zotsatira. Sukulu zingagwirizanenso ndi olemba mabuku a kumaloko ndi atolankhani kuti abweretse maphunziro m’kalasi.

Malaibulale a Onse Monga Kuphunzira Kuphunzira

Malaibulale ambiri ali ndi malo ophunzitsira anthu kwa misinkhu yonse. Amagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, makompyuta, ndi intaneti, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito yofufuza zinthu. Malaibulale ambiri ali ndi mapulogalamu a nkhani monga kupeka nkhani, kudziwa malo achinsinsi, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zolemba za boma. Kufutukula mapulogalamuwa ndi kutsimikizira kuti malaibulale ali ndi ndalama ndi antchito zowathandiza kupeza chidziŵitso chapamwamba chofikira achikulire amene alephera kuphunzira maphunziro a zamwambo.

Kufufuza Zinthu Zokhudza Nkhani ndi Zomwe Zikuchitika

Mabungwe a nyuzi ali ndi thayo la kutulutsa manyuzipepala olondola, oŵerengera mlandu, koma angachitenso mbali yaikulu m'kumanga omvetsera chidziŵitso. Malo aakulu ambiri otulukira, kuphatikizapo The Associated Press, Reuters, ndi Washington Post, ali ndi magulu ofufuza zenizeni zimene zinafafaniza mabomba. Media Literaccc Literacture , gulu la kusadziŵa zachinsinsi, limagwira ntchito kupititsa patsogolo malamulo a boma amene amachirikiza maphunziro a kuwerenga ndi kulemba. Makampani a nyuzipepala a m'dziko angatsegule ma pulogalamu a pulogalamu a pulogalamu a pulogalamu ya .

Njira Zodzipangira Ukhondo wa Chidziŵitso

Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizoloŵezi zimene zingawateteze kuti asamve zinthu zabodza komanso zimene zingawathandize kudziwa bwino zinthu.

  • Kugwiritsa ntchito musanagaŵize: Kutsimikizira magwero a zolembedwa zodabwitsa kapena zopsinja maganizo musanazipatsire.
  • Kuulutsa nkhani: Funani mbiri kuchokera ku malo osiyanasiyana oulutsira nkhani, kuphatikizapo aja okhala ndi malingaliro osiyana.
  • Kufufuza mfundo zolondola: Mawebusaiti onga Snopes, FactCheck org, ndi PolitiFact angatsimikizire mwamsanga kulondola kwa zonena.
  • Kuwona mawu oyambirira: [[FL:1] Mavitamini ndi mawu ogwidwa kaŵirikaŵiri amachotsedwa mawu apatsogolo ndi apambuyo. Pezani magwero oyambirira musanapeze mayankho.
  • Kukayikira chidziŵitso chosadziŵika: Ngati magwero sakhoza kudziŵidwa kapena kutsimikiziridwa, lingalirani mawu ake kukhala osatsimikizirika.

Nkhani Zopambanadi za Dziko: Kuŵerenga ndi Kulemba Zolembedwa

Kuzungulira dziko lonse ndi dziko lonse, anthu akuonetsa kuti njira zothandizira anthu kudziwa zinthu ndi kulemba zikhoza kutulutsa zotsatirapo zake. Ku Finland, kumene kuli pakati pa mayiko apamwamba olemba ndi kulemba, kuwerenga ndi kulemba ndi kulemba kwakhala mbali ya maphunziro a dziko lonse kuyambira 2014. Ophunzira a ku Finland amaphunzira kupenda mabodza, maluso ogwiritsa ntchito pokopa anthu, ndi kupenda zinthu zamakono zimene zilipo kuyambira kusukulu ya pulaimale. Zotsatira zake n’zakuti anthu akulimbana kwambiri ndi kuchotsa mpikisano kusiyana ndi nzika za m'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya.

Mu United States, News Libble Project [[FLT: 1] yapanga pulogalamu yaulere yotchedwa Checkology yomwe imaphunzitsa ophunzira apakati ndi kusekondale mmene angadziŵire chidziŵitso chodalirika, kuzindikira tsankho, ndi kuzindikira ntchito ya makina osindikizira aulere mu democracy. Pulogalamu yafikira ophunzira oposa miliyoni imodzi pa zikwi za sukulu. Mofananamo, Cententer ya News Literacy pa Stony Brook University imathamanga maseasurowa a aphunzitsi ndi chuma chogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi masukulu ndi malaibulale kuzungulira dziko.

Ku mlingo wa kumaloko, malaibulale m'malo onga Seattle, Denver, ndi Nashville agwiritsira ntchito magulu "antchito oyankhula" amene ophunzitsa osamalira mabuku a zikalata athandiza osamalira zaumoyo, kusatsa malonda a ndale zadziko, ndi malo oulutsira mavairasi. Maprogramu ameneŵa ali ofunika kwambiri kwa achikulire, amene kaŵirikaŵiri amayang'anizana ndi thanzi ndi chinyengo cha zachuma chimene chimadalira pa zonena zolakwika.

Kumaliza: Kudziŵa Kudziŵa Zinthu Kumachititsa

Democracy si masewera oonera. Kutenga nawo mbali kodziwika bwino kwa nzika zimene zingayendetse bwino zinthu ndi kusamala. Kuwerenga ndi kulemba ndi kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kumathandiza kuti anthu athe kuchita zimenezi. Kumathandiza anthu kufunsa akuluakulu popanda kugwiritsa ntchito maganizo awo, kuchita zinthu zosiyanasiyana popanda kutaya malo awo ogwirira ntchito, ndiponso kugwiritsa ntchito chidziŵitso osati ngati chida chothetsera mavuto.

Kuopsa kwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba n’koona ndipo kukukula, koma sikuti n’kosagonjetseka. Mwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zoyendetsera maphunziro, malaibulale, manyuzipepala, ndi mapulogalamu a anthu, tingapange chitaganya chimene anthu ambiri amaphunzira zinthu, osati kungodziŵa zinthu. Mtsogolo mwa kudzikonda kwa demokalase kumadalira pa zimenezo.