Zaka zinayi zilizonse, United States akuwona kuwonjezereka kwa mphamvu ya ndale zadziko mkati mwa mzera wa chisankho cha pulezidenti . Komabe, maziko ofunika kwambiri kaamba ka kuwonekera kwapamwamba kwa November amaikidwa miyezi yambiri kumbuyoku, kaŵirikaŵiri m'nyengo yachisanu kapena kuyambiriro kwa nyengo ya ngululu, kupyolera m'njira yodziŵika monga masankho aakulu. Pamene kuli kwakuti masankho apadera amayang'anira dziko, makampani ayamba, ndipo nthaŵi zina otsatira kwambiri, amapangidwa. Kwa nzika yachikatikati, kuzindikira nyengo yapasadale ya ndale zadziko ya ku America sikuli kokha njira yamaphunziro chabe; ndi chipangizo chofunika kwambiri chotsimikizira mawu awo chisanamvedwe. Chitso chachi chimapereka chowonekera bwino, kuyang'anira masankho aakulu, kuyang'ka, kuyang'anira ziyambukiro zawo, kulinganiza kwawo kwakukulu kwa zandale, ndi kuyendetsa ntchito kwanu kothandiza kuyendetsa ntchito kwa boma.

Kodi Kusankha Koyambirira N’kutani?

Mafotokozedwe a Mawu ndi Chifuno

Chisankho chachikulu ndicho chisankho chochitidwa ndi chipani cha ndale zadziko, kapena chochitidwa ndi boma loimira chipani, kusankha wosankhidwa wake kaamba ka chisankho chotsatira. Njira imeneyi imagwira ntchito kwa maofesi onse osankhidwa, kuchokera ku bungwe la mzinda ndi boma la boma ku bungwe la U.S. khonsati ndi Kontheratu. Malamulo olamulira a Primemistrial ndi msanganizo wocholoŵana wa malamulo a boma ndi malamulo a zipani, kutsogolera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malamulo a boma ndi malamulo a zipani. Ngakhale kuti masiku ano timaona kuti ntchito yaikulu ya malamulowo imakhala yofanana. Lamulo la 10 la U.S. Lamulolo, limene silinapereke maulamuliro a boma ku maboma, likupatsa ulamuliro waukulu pa "nthaŵi, malo, ndi "masankha masankhomo, kuchititsa ntchito yaikulu ya dongosolo la malamulo. Ngakhale kuti likhale logwirizana ndi lofala: ntchito limodzi la gulu limodzi loti ligaŵikana la gulu la anthu.

Mbiri Yachidule ya Dongosolo Loyambirira

Njira yaikulu imene tikudziŵa lerolino inachokera kwambiri ku Progress Era ya zaka za zana la 20. Pasanabadwe ma primmines, zipani zinasankhidwa ndi mamenee ndi nthumwi pa misonkhano yachigawo yotsekedwa, njira yotchuka yodziŵika kwambiri monga "zipinda zodzaza ndi zinthu". Osintha zinthu anakakamizidwa kuti apereke mphamvu ku mamembala apamwamba ndi a gulu lafile ndi kuchepetsa katangale. Zimenezi zinasintha kwambiri unansi pakati pa atsogoleri a gulu ndi Revitape, kulenga ndale zokhala ndi mbali yaikulu yomwe timawona lerolino. Kutenga ana a proteapo kunali kosafanana, chimene chimachititsabe kuti mapanganowonere njira osiyanasiyana a kachitidwe ka masankhoti ameneŵa a kapeto.

Zimene Amachita Akamasankha

Chiri chothandiza kulingalira za masankho aakulu ndi aunyinji aŵiri osiyana ndi zolinga. Pambali yoyamba, oyembekezera kuchitidwa apilo kwa gulu lawo . Chosankha chachikulu ndi choikidwiratu cha malingaliro. Mwachitsanzo, wosankhidwa ku Congress m'chigawo cha Democratic direcism ayenera kupambana pa mapangano a Democratic. Chisankho chachikulu, kumbali ina, chiri mpikisano pakati pa gulu la anthu oimba, kumene oyembekezera kuwonjezera kufunsira kwawo kuphatikizapo mamembala a gulu lotsutsa, oyenerera apadera a kakhalidwe kachitidwe kake, kalankhulidwe, ndi malo apamwamba, kupanga malamulo aakulu a gulu lamphamvu kwambiri la ndale zadziko la America.

Mitundu Yoyambirira ya Zosankha

Kumvetsa kusiyana kumeneku n’kofunika kwambiri kuti mudziŵe ufulu wanu monga wosankha ndi kumasulira zotsatira za mipikisano imeneyi.

Malo Otsekeredwa

M'dongosolo lotsekedwa, ovota okha olembetsedwa kukhala ziŵalo za gulu la ndale zadziko lapadera angavote m'chigawo chachikulu cha chipani chimenecho. Democrat wolembetsedwa sangavote m'dziko lalikulu, ndipo kutsutsana ndi. Chigomeko chachikulu cha ma primenti otsekedwa nchakuti amaletsa "idring" chenjera pamene gulu limodzi la osankha kudutsa kuti asankhe munthu wofooka m'gulu lotsutsanalo. Otsutsanso kuti mamembala odzipereka okha ndiwo ali ndi chigamulo chakuti asankha ndi oikitsa tsata, kusunga umphumphu wa gulu la oimira station . Mayiko ndi mapulogalamu a Florida, ndi Pennsylvania. Dongo lino limakhala lopanda kutulutsa mamenesewera ndi malo apakati pa zipani zapakati pa gulu lapakati pa gulu lapakati.

Kutsegulira Malo Otseguka

Otsegulira mavoti amalola wovomerezeka aliyense kusankha kuti ndi chipani chiti chimene akufuna kuvota pa tsiku la chisankho, popanda kulengeza poyera kuti ali m'gulu. Dongosolo limeneli likuyamikiridwa chifukwa cha kulimbikitsa ovota ndi kuwonjezera kutengamo mbali, makamaka pakati pa ovota odziimira okha. Komabe, otsutsa amanena kuti ilo limaitana kuukira ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ziŵalo za gulu lodzipereka, kulola ovota amene alibe kukhulupirika kwenikweni kwa gululo kuti athandize kusankha wotsogolera wake. Maboma onga Michigan, Wisconsin, ndi Alabama kugwiritsira ntchito madongosolo aakulu.

Malo Osungiramo Asunamo Otsekeredwa

Chifaniziro chotchedwa hybrimed , zilolezo zoyambirira zolembedwa za gulu lovomerezeka kuti livote m'gulu lawo lokha, pamene ovota osagwirizana kapena odziimira okha angasankhe kuti ndi chipani chiti chimene chingakhale ndi mbali yaikulu ya kukhalamo. Dongosolo limeneli likufuna kulinganiza kutseguka kwa maprime ndi mbali zotetezera za gulu lotsekedwa. Ilo limavomereza kuwonjezereka kwa chiŵerengero cha ovoti amene amazindikira kukhala odziimira okha pamene adakali kuperekabe liwu lamphamvu kwa olembetsa. North Carolina ndi New Hampshire ndi zitsanzo za maufumu otsekereza. Chitsanzo chimenechi kaŵirikaŵiri chimaonedwa kukhala chogonjera pa mkangano wopitirizabe pa kupezeka kwa munthu wokhoza.

Mafoni Apamwamba - ŵiri (Nonpartarian Blanket Primary)

Chitsanzo chosiyana kwambiri ndicho Phezulu- ziŵiri, yogwiritsiridwa ntchito ku California, Washington, ndi Nebraska (ya maofesi a anthu osakhala apartishani). M'dongosolo lino, oyembekezera kubatizidwa, onse, mosasamala kanthu za gulu la oloŵa m’gulu, amawonekera pa chilolezo chimodzi chachikulu. Ofunsira aŵiriwo angavoterere munthu aliyense. Osankha aŵiriwo amene alandira mavoti ambiri, mosasamala kanthu za gulu lawo, kupita patsogolo ku masankhoti a onse. Dongosololi linalinganizidwa kulimbikitsa kutsata, monga oyembekezera ku bwalo lapamwamba kuchokera pachiyambi peni penipa. Lithokozedwa chifukwa cha kupereka mphamvu zambiri kwa ofufuza ndi odziimira pa mapangano ambiri. Apolisi atsutsanso chifukwa cha kutsekera anthu ochepa ndi ongofunika. [FLD: 0] Boma la Boma la Boma la Boma la FFlinia [F]

Kuthamanga

M’mayiko ena, makamaka ku South, ngati palibe wobatizidwa amene afika pachipata china (kaŵirikaŵiri 50% + 1 voti) poyambirira, kuthamanga kumachitidwa pakati pa opanga mavoti aŵiri apamwamba. Zimenezi zimatsimikizira kuti potsirizira pake ndi ochirikiza ambiri m'gululo. Magulu ambiri amatchuka m'mayiko amene akukhala ndi mbiri ya ulamuliro umodzi wolamulira, kumene kwakukulukulu amakhala mpikisano weniweni. Georgia ndi Louisiana ndi zitsanzo zodziŵika bwino za mayiko oyendetsa zigawo za Primen. Pamene kuli kwakuti kuthamanga kwa aoffa kutsimikizira kuti achilikiza ambiri, iwonso amafuna zisungiko zowonjezereka ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri amavutika ndi kumbuyo kwa oimba otsika oimba oimba.

Chifukwa Chake Kusankha Koyambirira Kuli Kofunika

Kusintha Maganizo a Zandale

Ofufuza angachititse anthu kufunsira kwa otchuka kwambiri, mapiko a gulu lawo, amene angatulutse nkhani yonse ya ndale kuchokera pakati. [[FLT:] Ayenera kupita ku maluwa a anthu osankhidwa [[FLT] osankhidwa ndi munthu mmodzi, ndipo osankhidwawo ndi osankhidwa okha amene alidi oyenera. Osankhidwawo angapereke maganizo kuti apite ku malo apamwamba a kasankho, koma ogwirizana ndi mfundo zandale zomwe zimayenderapo pa zandale. [FLT] Akufuna kupita ku malungo a mapulogalamu. Kumvetsa bwino ndi kofunika kwambiri kwa mphamvu yamakono ya kumasulira zandale. Maluso a zamakonowa akupereka lingaliro kuti asamukire ku malo apamwamba a gulu la zandale.

Vuto Losadziŵika Bwino

Masankho aakulu amawona gulu la ovota kukhala lotsika kwambiri kuposa masankho onse. "Osanthula otchuka" ameneŵa amakhala aakulu, olemera, odziŵa kwambiri, ndi opasa mopambanitsa kuposa oweruza wamba. Kupatuka kumeneku kumatanthauza kagulu kakang'ono, kosaimira mphamvu yosayerekezereka posankha ofunsira. Kudziŵa zimenezi, ndawala zimawononga kwambiri kusiyanitsa ndi kuchotsa ochirikiza awo enieni a Primes, kaŵirikaŵiri kunyalanyaza kufalikira. Masinthidwe olinganizidwa kuwonjezera kutembenukira kwa anthu, monga kupanga holide ya Evolution Day kapena kutsata kulembetsa kulembetsa kodzisankhira, kumatsutsana kaŵirikaŵiri. Malinga ndi [FLT: 0] Kakulu ka kafukufuku ka [FFF:], kambiri kambiri, kambiri kanga kam'ka kamodzi ka anthu odzikuluka, monga momwe amatsekera mchitidwe wa kuchuluka kwa anthu a ku America, monga momwe zimatsekera puloganitsa kumbuyo kwa kuvomereza ku kuvomereza kwa lamulo.

Ntchito ya Odziimira pawokha ndi Zopanga

Ntchito ya ovota odziimira okha m'masukulu ndi mfundo yaikulu ya mkangano. M'mayiko akuluakulu, anthu odziimira paokha amatsekerezedwa kotheratu pa njira yosankhira, ngakhale kuti kaŵirikaŵiri amapanga mbali yaikulu ndi yomakulakula ya osankha. M'mayiko otseguka ndi osamvana, iwo angachite mbali yaikulu, nthaŵi zina kukonza zotsatira za mpikisano wa kuphana kwa amuna. Nkhani yokhudza kutenga nawo mbali paokha imasokoneza mtima wa zimene mapulaniwo akutanthauza: kagulu kapena chipangizo chapoyera cha anthu oloŵamo mbali ya democracy. Mayiko ambiri okhala ndi anthu odziimira pa anthu ambiri nthaŵi zambiri amaona nkhondo zandale kwambiri pa madongosolo awo aakulu.

Unduna wa Malamulo ndi Kutumiza Osamuka

Priestimentiant progacys imawonjezeranso mfundo ina yocholoŵana. Mosiyana ndi boma ndi maprince akumaloko, amene amalamulidwa mwachindunji ndi maboma a boma, ma denational primenti amalamulidwa ndi malamulo a zipani, ngakhale kuti malamulo a boma amalamulira madongosolo a mapulogalamu. Magulu a Democratic ndi Republican ali ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana ogaŵira zinthu, ndi GOP kaŵirikaŵiri kugwiritsira ntchito madongosolo onse opambana ndi ma Democrates ofuna kuikidwa moyenerera. Zimenezi zingatsogolere ku kusanthula ndi njira za project, makamaka m'mipikisano ya Lachiŵiri pamene malamulo ambiri a boma ndi malamulo a chipani cha dzikolo amapanga malo osangalatsa ndi opikisana a ndale zadziko za America.

Mmene Tingatengere Mbali m’Zisankho Zoyambirira

Dziŵani Malamulo a Boma Lanu

Chofunika kwambiri ndicho kudziŵa malamulo apadera m'boma lanu. Msonkhano wa National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) [[FL:1] umapereka chidziŵitso chokwanira, cha deti lofikira pa mitundu yoyamba. Mufunikira kudziŵa: (1) Kodi mkhalidwe wanga ngwotseguka, wotseka, kapena womalizidwa kamodzi? Kodi pali malire otani ovomerezeka? Kusoŵa malire amodzi kungakuchotseni. Nthaŵi zonse kutsimikizira kulembedwa kwanu kusanakhale tsiku la chisankho, monga momwe malamulo angasinthire pakati pa zigamulo zoikidwiratu zogwirizana ndi malamulo atsopano kapena mabwalo a milandu.

Kufufuza Olemba Nkhaniwa

Kampeni zikuluzikulu nthawi zambiri zimagwira ntchito pansi pa radar, kupangitsa kuti zikalata zapamwamba zikhale zovuta kuzipeza. Musamangodalira pa mauthenga oukira kapena kuvomereza kwa anthu amene akutsatira gulu. Pitani ku malo oonera, werengani mapepala awo a malo awo pa webusaiti, ndi yang'ananinso mapepala awo ovota ngati akhala ndi ofesi. Mabungwe a nyuzipepala a m'deralo kaŵirikaŵiri amachititsa kufunsa mafunso otsatsa malonda kwa anthu ofunsira ntchito, kumene kungakhale kopindulitsa kwambiri. Kuyang'ana zimene zatchulidwazo ndi kuziyerekezera ndi zanu. Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapamwamba kungakuthandizeni kupanga chosankha chozindikira chimene chimagwirizana ndi makhalidwe anu.

Kumvetsa Mawu Anu

Kudziŵa malamulo ndi oyembekezera kulowa kumakhala mbali ya nkhondo. Chotsatira chomalizira ndicho kuvota. Kupempha munthu wochokapo kapena wosiya makalata ngati simungavote pa tsiku la chisankho. Pezani malo anu oonera mwamsanga. Chonde kumbukirani kuti deti loyamba ndi nyengo zonse zofunika. Nthaŵi zambiri zigamulidwa ndi lezalansi , kutanthauza kutenga nawo mbali. Kuvota mmodzi kwa kumaloko kukhoza kukhala ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu kuposa chivoti chimodzi m'chosankha. M'madera ambiri, makampani a mzinda, komiti ya sukulu, kapena bungwe la boma loona kubwerera kunsi, kutanthauza kutengamo mbali kwanu kumakhala ndi ukulu wokulirapo.

Kusuliza Kofala ndi Kusonkhezera Kusintha

Kugwirizana Kochititsa Chidwi

Chiyambukiro cha ma primmies chimakula ndi kudera lokhala ndi mayeso owonjezera , kujambula mizere yachigawo kuti ikonde chipani chimodzi. M'madera otetezereka, chinthu chachikulu chingakhale chisankho cha onse. Zimenezi zingapangitse kusoŵa kwa mlandu wa kudulana, amene amangofuna kudandaula za vuto lalikulu kuchokera ku mbali zawo zopambanitsa. Magulu ambiri osintha zinthu amalimbikitsa kuti apange zigawo zopikisana zambiri, zimene zingapangitsenso kutse kutsetsa kwa kutsendereza ndi masankho ambiri. Kugwirizana pakati pa kujambula ndi zisonkhetso zazikulu kwa chigawo ndiko kutchuka kwa kuwongolera kwa ndale zadziko.

Ranked Voing (RCV) ndi Pririmers

Kusankha kotchuka ndiko kuwonjezeka monga kusintha kwa maprime. M'madongosolo onga Maine's, masankho aunyinji amagwiritsira ntchito RCV m'maprinsival kutsimikizira kuti wopambanayo ali ndi chichirikizo chachikulu, kuchotsa kufunika kwa kulekana, kutsika kwa opatuka. Ena amalingalira kuti "Nkhalakwa yapamwamba" ikhale yogwirizana ndi RC m'chosankha chachisawawa, monga momwe posachedwapa yavomerezedwa ku Alaska. Mchitsanzo chimenechi, omaliza anayi a kupita patsogolo kwa onse pa chisankho, chimene chimagamulidwa mwamsanga ndi kuvota. Dongolitsira lino kutulutsa ogwirizana owonjezereka. [FLD:] Fairmate , monga momwe mapulogalamu ake aakulu ndi kuchepetsa ndi kuthekera kwake kwa kusanthula.

Nyumba Yapadera ya Louisiana

Louisiana akugwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera "yoyambirira" ya maofesi a boma ndi a boma . Mosiyana ndi njira ziŵiri zapamwamba ku California, Louisiana ali ndi mfundo yake yaikulu pa Tsiku la Chisankho mu November. Ngati palibe wobatizidwa amene alandira unyinji, amathamanga mu December. Nyumba yogwirizanitsidwayi imapanga ndawala yosiyana ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri imatchulidwa m'mikangano yonena za kusintha koyambirira. Komiti ya Louisiana ndi maphunziro ofunika kwambiri omvetsa mmene nyumba zazikulu zosiyana zingakhudzire khalidwe ndi kuloŵereramo ndi kuvota.

Kukhudzidwa ndi Ndalama

Kampeni imachita mbali yaikulu m'mafakitale. Chifukwa chakuti mavoti aakulu ali aang'ono ndi ofunika kwambiri, ndalama zochepa kwambiri zikhoza kukhala ndi chiyambukiro chachikulu. Magulu akunja otchuka kwambiri amabera m'mapulaneti, kusonkhezera kuti azikhala oyera kwambiri. Kumvetsa kutsalira kwa ndalama m'mipikisano yoyamba kungavumbule zambiri ponena za kukhulupirika kwenikweni ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa wofuna kukonza ndalama, kuphatikizapo maprogramu ang'onoang'ono ogwirizana, cholinga cha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ndalama mpikisano waukulu ndi kupatsa udzu.

Chisankho chachikulu chingaoneke ngati mbali yaikulu ya ndale zadziko za Amereka, koma kwenikweni, iwo ali, chimodzi cha ziŵiya zamphamvu kwambiri zimene nzika iliyonse ingakhoze kukopa. Ndi bwalo limene zinthu za demokrase yathu . Oyembekezera kubatizidwa [“aukana . Kusiyanasiyana kwa madongosolo aakulu pa 50 a maiko kumasonyeza mkangano waukulu wokhudza kuimira, mphamvu ya gulu, ndi kuvota. Mwakumvetsetsa malamulo osiyanasiyana olamulira mipikisano imeneyi, kuzindikira kufunika kwake koyenera, ndi kukhala ndi phande mwachangu, mukuchoka pakukhala woyang’anira woyembekezera wa boma lanu wotomera. Kaya boma lanu ligwiritsire ntchito kutseka, kutseka, kapena pamwamba pa aŵiri, choonadi chachikulu, chimakhalabe chimodzimodzi: njira yoyamba ya kukhala ndi mawu anu mu November. Chiyambi cha democracy ya anthu osadalirana pa chiŵerengero cha anthu amene akusonyeza kukwaniritsa ntchito kwake, koma ogwirizana ndi kugawana kwake, ndi kugawana kwake, ndi kuyambitsa kwa kugamula kwa lamulo.