Chikalata cha Finut Demetriment ku United States chimakhala maziko a njira zaupandu za ku America, kupereka chitetezo chofunika kwa anthu panthaŵi ya kukhazikitsa lamulo. Chozikidwa pa mfundo yakuti palibe munthu amene ayenera kukakamizidwa kukhala mboni yodzitsutsa, kuchepetsa zimenezi kutetezera ku kufunsa kochitidwa ndi kukakamiza kudzipha. Pamene kuli kwakuti ambiri amadziŵa za mawu akuti "kutsogolera Woyamba," kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ufulu woyenerera m'maudindo apolisi apadziko lonse kaŵirikaŵiri kumafotokozedwa ndi kutsutsidwa. Kumvetsa malire a ufulu wanu wa Kukonzanso Koyamba sikuli chabe chida chovuta kutetezera ufulu wanu ndi kuonetsetsa kuti musamaliridwe bwino m'dongosolo. Chitsochi chimapereka umboni wodalirika, poyang'ana pa zimene apolisi apolisi akuona kuti akuchitira zinthu bwino, ndiponso kuti adziŵe bwino ufulu wanu wochita zinthu.

Chinsinsi cha Kusintha kwa Malamulo kwa Gawo Loyamba: Chitetezo pa Kudzipatula

Demendulo lachisanu limanena momveka bwino kuti palibe munthu amene adzakakamizidwa kutsutsa mlandu uliwonse. Mawu ameneŵa, odziŵika monga mwaŵi wolimbana ndi kudzivulaza, si chikopa chenicheni koma chitetezero champhamvu chimene chimagwira ntchito m'nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Ilo limalola anthu kukana kuyankha mafunso kapena kupereka chidziŵitso chimene chingatsogolere ku mlandu waupandu. Mwayiwuwu ndi waumwini sungagwiritsiridwe ntchito m’malo mwa wina, ndipo umagwira ntchito pa ndemanga iliyonse, kaya ya pakamwa kapena yolembedwa, imene ingagwiritsiridwe ntchito kuchirikiza mlandu waupandu.

M'mbiri yakale, mwaŵi unatuluka m'kulabadira mabwalo a inquisition a makhoti ku England ndi maiko oyambirira a ku America. Olamulira a Malamulo anayesa kuletsa kuulula machimo ndi kutsimikizira kuti mtolo wa umboni ukhale wotsimikizirika pa boma. Monga momwe Bwalo Lapamwamba lamilandu lakhala mobwerezabwereza, Kukonzanso kwa Fif 5 kumasonyeza ulemu waukulu kwa anthu ndi ufulu, kuletsa boma kukakamiza anthu kusankha pakati pa kusalankhula ndi kudziimira okha. Chitetezo chimenechi sichimalekezera ku umboni wa khoti.

Kuti mumvetsetse bwino malembo a lamulo ndi chisinthiko chake, gwiritsani ntchito [[FL:0] Demendment yachitatu monga momwe inasungidwira ndi Cornell Legal Information Institute [[FLT: 1].

Kugwiritsira Ntchito Lamulo Lachisanu pa Kukumana kwa Apolisi

Kugwiritsa ntchito Lamulo la Fifete Amendment kwakukulukulu kumadalira pa mtundu wa kugwirizana kwa munthu ndi kuti kaya ali m’ndende kapena ayi. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kumeneku nkofunika kwambiri podziŵa nthaŵi ndi mmene mungachirikizire zoyenera zanu.

Mukaimitsidwa M’misewu

Ngati wapolisi akukufikirani panja ndi kufunsa mafunso, simufunikira kuyankha. Ngati mkulu wa asilikaliyo sakukayikira kuti muli ndi ntchito yaupandu, simuyenera kuyankha. Mukhoza kunena kuti, "Ndikugwiritsa ntchito dzanja langa lakumanja kukhala chete," kapena "Ndilibe kanthu konena," ndipo kenaka kuchoka ngati muli waufulu kuchita motero. Nkofunikabe kuzindikira kuti KGPSP kusateteza ngati mukuyang'anira nkhani ya boma, simukuyankha.

Pamene Magalimoto Akuima

Kuima kwa magalimoto kumapereka mkhalidwe wapadera chifukwa chakuti, pamene muli m’ndende kwakanthaŵi, kukambitsiranako kumaonedwa kukhala kosasunga malamulo a Fitempire pokhapokha ngati mugwidwa mwalamulo. Mukumaima kwa nthaŵi zonse, mufunikira kupereka laisensi yanu, kulembetsa, ndi kutsimikizira kwa inshuwalansi. Komabe, muli ndi ufulu wa kukhala chete kupyola pa mapepalawo. Ngati mkulu wa asilikaliyo akufunsa mafunso onga "Udzachokera kuti? kapena "Kodi ukudziŵa kuti ukupita mofulumira motani? . Simuyenera kuyankha. Mwachionekere, "Ine ndikupempha kuima kumanja kwanga, kuti ndi kukhala chete, ndi zokwanira. Muyeneranso kukana mafunsinsinsinsi a galimoto yanu mwa kunena kuti, "Ine kusavomereza kufunafuna," ndi kupempha kuti ngati mkhalidwewonjeze. [AFFU:]

Mmene Mungagwiritsirire Ntchito Bwino Zoyenera Zanu

Kupempha Lamulo lachisanu, muyenera kunena momveka bwino kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wanu wa kukhala chete. Kungokhala chete sikungakwanire ngati bwalo lamilandu pambuyo pake liona kuti kungokhala chete n’kovuta. Pempho lomveka kwambiri limaphatikizapo mawu monga "Ndikutenga Lachisanu" kapena "Ndikukana kuyankha motsatira kuyenera kwanga motsutsana ndi kudzipatula. Pamalo oyenera kungokhala chete, muyeneranso kupempha loyayo momvekera bwino ndi motsimikiza. Khoti Lapamwamba mu [FLT: 0] Bergnobs v. Thompkins [1] (20.0) (20) adanena kuti munthu wokayikira ayenera kuvomereza kuti akhale chete, ndi kupuma kwa paposipokha sikutanthauza kuti kwenikweni.

Kuyenera kwa Kukhalabe Chete Kutsutsana ndi Uphungu

Pamene kuli kwakuti Kusintha kwachisanu kumatetezera kwakukulukulu ku kudzitsutsa, kuli kogwirizana kwambiri ndi Lamulo la Chisanu ndi chimodzi la kuyenera kwa kupereka uphungu. M'kufunsa kwa ubwana, ntchito ya ufulu imeneyi mu tandem. Manda v. Arizona [66] (66]) yolamulidwa kuti asanafunsidwe ndi aliyense, lamulo liyenera kukudziŵitsani za kuyenera kwanu kukhala chete ndi kuyenera kwanu kwa loyanjirira. Mukafuna kuyankha mofunitsitsa, mafunso onse ayenera kuleka kufikira mutakambirana ndi kukambirana.

Kupempha Chidole N’kofunika

Kugwiritsa ntchito kuyenera kwanu kwa loya kuli imodzi ya njira zothandiza kwambiri zotetezera ufulu wanu wa Fitempite. Loya angakuuzeni zimene munganene ndi zimene simuyenera kunena, kambiranani ndi kutsimikizira kuti ndemanga zilizonse zimene mumapanga n’zodzifunira ndipo sizikukakamiza. M’nkhani zambiri, kungopempha loya angasiye kufunsa mwamsanga ndi kuletsa kukayikira mfundo za mlandu. Musamade nkhawa kuti mukhale ndi mlandu . Kupempha loya ndi njira yanzeru yalamulo, osati kuvomereza tchimo.

Zimene Zimachitika Ngati Mulankhula Popanda Uphungu

Ngati musankha kulankhula ndi apolisi popanda loya, mungakhale ndi moyo wofuna kunena mawu amene angagwiritsiridwe ntchito ku khoti. Ngakhale mawu ooneka ngati opanda chifukwa cholakwika angapotozedwe kapena kuchotsedwa ndi oweruza. Machenjezo a Miranda amakonzedwa kutsimikizira kuti aliyense amene akukuberani ufulu wanu akudziŵa ndi kuufuna. Ngati muyamba kulankhula, mukhoza kuchepetsa ufulu wanu wa Kukonzanso Koyamba kufikira mutawasunganso. N’kwabwino kukhala chete ndi kudikira kuti aimidwe ndi lamulo, ngakhale ngati mukukhulupirira kuti mulibe kanthu kobisa.

Zoleka ndi Zoletsa Kutetezera Kusintha kwa Gawo Loyamba

Ngakhale kuti lafika poti, Lamulo lachisanu la Mpando Wakuti Zinthu Ziyende Bwino Lili ndi Malire, Kudziŵa Malamulo Osiyana Kungakuthandizeni Kupewa Mavuto Osayembekezereka.

Umboni Wosonkhezeredwa m’Khoti

Ngati muitanidwa monga mboni m'komiti yaikulu yoweruza yochitapo kanthu kapena kuzenga mlandu, simungangokana kuonekera. Komabe, mungapemphe Lamulo Lachisanu kuti lisiye kuyankha mafunso otsimikizirika amene angakuchititseni kulakwa. Boma lingakupatseni mphamvu yokana kuzengedwa mlandu pa nkhani zimene zikufotokozedwazo, zimene kenaka zikukukakamizani kupereka umboni . Koma popanda kutetezedwa, kukana kwanu kumatetezedwa. Ndiponso, Malamulo Oyamba chisanu samagwira ntchito pa ndemanga zoperekedwa modzifunira kapena m'malamulo osakhala okakamiza, ndiponso samakutetezani ku mlandu wonyenga ngati musankha kupereka umboni wonama.

Umboni Wakuthupi ndi Machitidwe Osalingalira

Udindo wolimbana ndi kudziimira wokha umagwira ntchito pa umboni ndi ntchito zolankhulana. Siingakutetezeni ku kupereka umboni weniweni wonga ngati zidindo za maminwe, DNA, madesipoti a kulemba, kapena mawonekedwe a mwazi. Zimenezi zimaonedwa kukhala zosayenerera ndipo zingakakamizidwe pansi pa ulamuliro woyenera walamulo, monga ngati chilolezo. Mofananamo, boma lingakufunireni kuima mumzera kapena kutulutsa mawu, malinga ngati sakukakamizani kulankhula mawu ochititsa manyazi. Kusiyana kumeneku nkovuta: Pamene kuli kwakuti simungakakamizidwe kupereka umboni wachibadwa kapena wakuthupi umene umagwirizanitsa ndi upandu.

Kulingalira Kwabwino: Nthaŵi ndi Mmene Mungaperekere Ufulu Wanu

Anthu ambiri amazengereza kutsimikiza kuti ufulu wawo wa Kusintha Koyamba ndi kuopa kuti kuchita zimenezo kudzawachititsa kudziona ngati ali ndi mlandu.

Kulinganiza Mgwirizano ndi Kudzitetezera

Komabe, ngati mukukayikira kapena ngakhale munthu wochita chidwi, kulephera kulankhula popanda uphungu n’koopsa kwambiri kuposa mmene mungachitire. Malangizo abwino ochokera kwa maloya oteteza auchigawenga ndi osavuta: musanene chilichonse choposa chidziŵitso chenicheni, ndipo nthawi yomweyo funsani loya.

Kuopsa kwa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ufulu Wanu

Kupereka ufulu wanu wa Fite Amendment kuli kosasinthika m'nkhani zambiri. Mukayamba kulankhula, simunganene kuti mawu anu oyambirira anakakamiza ngati adaperekedwa mwaufulu pambuyo pa machenjezo a Miranda. Chitsenderezo cha kufunsidwa, limodzi ndi chikhumbo cha kudzilongosola inu eni, kaŵirikaŵiri kumatsogolera ku mawu osamveka amene amakhala maziko a mlandu. Musaganize kuti munga "kutulutsa njira yanu" ya mkhalidwe; mmalo mwake, kugonjera ku uphungu walamulo.

Malingaliro Ofala Olakwika Ponena za Kusintha kwa Malamulo kwa Gawo

Kutsutsa mfundo za M’chilamulo chachisanu n’kofala, chifukwa cha kuulutsidwa kwa nkhani ndiponso chikhalidwe chotchuka.

"Kuimba Mlandu Wachisanu" Sili Liwongo Lalikulu

Ndi chikhulupiriro chofala kuti kupempha Lamulo lachisanu ndi kuvomereza liwongo. Ufulu umenewu ulipodi chifukwa anthu osalakwa angadziimbe mlandu kapena kugwidwa m'malamulo ovuta. Khoti Lapamwamba laona kuti Commutsiration yachisanu imateteza munthu wosalakwa komanso wolakwa. M’khoti, oweruza satha kunena za chigamulo cha woimbidwa mlandu chokhala chete, ndipo oweruza amalangizidwa kuti asatenge chilolezo cholakwika kuchokera ku malamulowo.

Kusiyana Pakati pa Makonzedwe a Chikomesi ndi Osakhala a Chikundo

Chenjezo lina lofala nlakuti Miranda amafunikira pochita ndi apolisi. Ndilo kungofunika pamene munthu ali m’ndende ndi pamene akufunsidwa mafunso. Malo a m’khwalala kapena makambitsirano osadzutsa Miranda. Komabe, ufulu wanu wa Fithmed Amendment umagwira ntchito . Simuyenera kuchenjeza mwalamulo. Khalidwe labwino kwambiri ndilo kuganiza kuti chilichonse chimene munena chikhoza kulembedwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsutsana ndi inu, mosasamala kanthu za mmene zinthuzo zachitikira.

Ntchito ya Machenjezo a Miranda

Machenjezo a Miranda ndi njira yothandiza imene Lamulo Lachisanu limasungidwira mkati mwa kufunsidwa kwa osunga mlandu. Amatsimikizira kuti olingalirawo amadziŵa zoyenera zawo ndipo angapangitse munthu wodziŵa kuchotsedwa. Chenjezo lapachiweruzo limaphatikizapo: Muli ndi ufulu wa kukhala chete; chirichonse chimene munena chingagwiritsiridwe ntchito pa inu m’khoti; muli ndi kuyenera kwa loya; ndipo ngati muli woimira boma, wina adzakuikirani.

Kumvetsa Ufulu Wanu Pamene Muli M’ndende

Ngati mumangidwa kapena kumangidwa, muyenera kupempha mphamvu yanu ya kukhala chete ndi ufulu wanu kwa loya. Musayembekezere kuti apolisi akuŵerengereni ufulu wanu. Iwo sangachite zimenezo nthaŵi yomweyo, ndipo mawu odzifunira operekedwa Mirnda amachititsa kufunsa mafunso ambiri popanda kuchenjeza Miranda ngati ali oopsa. Ngati mutapempha, apolisi ayenera kuleka kufunsa mafunso. Ngati apitiriza, mawu anu angatsekerezedwe m’khoti. Komabe, zindikirani kuti maofesala a "kuimira boma" amalola apolisi kufunsa mafunso ochepetsedwa popanda kuchenjeza kwa Miranda ngati ali ndi chiwopsezo mwamsanga, monga ngati akufunsani za malo a zida.

Njira Zothandiza Zotetezera Ufulu Wanu wa Kusintha Zinthu

Kudziŵa zoyenera zanu kuli kokha mbali ya nkhondoyo; kuzigwiritsira ntchito bwino lomwe pamene mukuyang’anizana ndi apolisi kumafuna kukonzekera ndi kukhalapo ndi maganizo.

Zimene Muyenera Kunena ndi Kuchita Pambuyo pa Kukumana

Choyamba, khalani wodekha ndi waulemu. Musamakangane, kukaniza, kapena kuthaŵa. Ngati mugwidwa, tsatirani malamulo monga kupereka chilolezo chakufunafunani kapena katundu wanu. Pambali pa zimenezo, zilembo zanu ziyenera kukhala zosavuta: "Ndikugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wanga kukhala chete. Ndikufuna kulankhula ndi loya wanga. bwerezani mawuwa nthaŵi zonse ngati n’kofunikira. Musatengeke m'kukambirana kapena kukambirana. Ngati mkulu wa asilikaliyo akupempha kuti akufufuzeni kapena apereke chuma chanu, longosolani momveka bwino, "Sindikuvomereza kufunafuna.

Kulemba ndi Kutsatira Mwalamulo

Pambuyo pa kukumanako, funsani loya wotetezera chigaŵenga ngati munagwidwa, kugwidwa, kapena kukhulupirira kuti ufulu wanu unaswedwa. Loya angakuuzeni m'masitepe otsatira, kuphatikizapo ngati mukufuna kulemba dandaulo kapena kutsendereza umboni. Musungitse mavidiyo alionse, monga ngati stashcam kapena foni, ndi kusonkhanitsa chidziŵitso kwa mboni. Kufulumira kwa lamulo kungachititse kusiyana kwakukulu m’chimaliziro chanu. Kupeza ndalama zalamulo, kulongosoledwa kwa , [ Melikani Bar Association ya CDan Bar kulongosola kwa Find Amendment m'nkhani zaupandu kuli chilolezo choyenerera.

Kumaliza

Demendment Yachisanu yolimbana ndi kudzivulaza ndiyo imodzi ya machinjirizo ofunika kwambiri m'dongosolo la malamulo a America. Imapatsa anthu mphamvu ya kukhala chete pamaso pa ulamuliro wa boma ndi kutsimikizira kuti boma silingapange mlandu mwa kukakamiza kuulula. Mkati mwa kukumana kwa apolisi, chitetezo chanu chabwino kwambiri ndicho kuzindikira bwino zoyenera zanu ndi chilango cha kuzigwiritsira ntchito mosalekeza. Kukhalabe chete ndi kupempha loya si chizindikiro cha liwongo cha boma. Ndi chizindikiro cha nzeru. Mwa kukhazikitsa malamulo osonyezedwa pano, mukhoza kuyendetsa zinthu ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi kuteteza zikondwerero zanu ndi kuyambika kwa nthaŵi ya kukumana. Nthaŵi zonse kumbukirani: Mtolo wa kutsimikizira kuima ndi boma, ndipo simufunikira konse kuthandiza kuti likhale chizindikiro chothandiza pa kudzilipira.