Kuzindikira Kuopsa kwa Kuwononga Madzi

Kusefukira kwa m'mizinda kwasintha kuchokera ku vuto la nyengo kukhala chiwopsezo chosatha, chokhalako kwa mizinda padziko lonse. Mabwana a mizinda tsopano akuyang'anizana ndi mikuntho ya madzi a m'madzi a zaka zana, kusefukira kumene kumalepheretsa madongosolo a zoyendera, ndi kukwera kwa madzi amene amawononga maziko omanga. Kuti apange maluso opindulitsa, makampani ayenera choyamba kukulitsa chidziŵitso cha madzi awo osefukira. Kuphatikiza zinthu za m'mbiri ndi kutsogolo ndi kukwera kwa madzi osefukira; kuchuluka kwa nyengo zonga [FLT: 0] National Oceanic ndi Atmopheric Ad Administration (A) [NFLT:1] ndi makampani a kumalo akumalo akunja osungirako. Kufufuza kwamakono kupyola pa mapulani a madzi a m'madzi osoŵa kwambiri, kufalikira kwa madera ambiri a m'madera akunjanje, kuzungulira madera akugombe, ndi kusefukira kwa madzi. Kufalikira kwa madera a madera akutali kwambiri kwa madera aulendo achilengedwe kuzungulira a madera a madera a madera.

Kuwonjezera Mabuku Ophunzitsa Aimvi

Kulamulira kwamakono kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezera mipata yapansi, kukhazikitsa mathirakiti aakulu osungira madzi osefukira, amene amasungidwa kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Mabwana a mizinda akukonza njira zokwerera madzi a m’nyanja za m’matauni zomwe zinakonzedwa kuti zikhale zamphamvu za mvula. Zoyesayesa zamakono zimaphatikizapo kuwonjezera mipeni, kuika mawilo aakulu, ndi kupanga matanki osungira pansi panthaka amene amathamanga. [[FLT] [madansi] ndi mathithithithi a madzi osefukira akukula ndi kulimbitsa ndi zinthu zowonongeka, pamene mapopeti akulandira mphamvu zothandizira kugwira ntchito mkati mwa madoko. Madzi onse owonongeka a m'madera ambiri amalephera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi, ndipo amalephera kuchepetsa madzi achikhalire m’madera onse. Madzi osoŵa m’madera ambiri.

Kugwirizana kwa Madera pa Zopinga za Chigumula

Kwa mizinda ya kugombe kapena yapafupi ndi mitsinje yaikulu, mipata yaikulu ndi zipata za m'nyanja ikuloŵa m'malonda. Chipinda cha Netherlands kaamba ka programu ya mtsinje chinasonkhezera oyang'anira boma ku United States kuyang'anira zopinga zazikulu . Monga chopinga cholingaliridwa kudutsa New York Harbor kutetezera malo ena a Superth Sandy. Makampani oterectives amafunikira kugwirizana pakati pa mizinda yambiri, magawo, ndi mabungwe a boma. Mabwanala a mzinda akukhazikitsa zigawo zolamulira madera za chigawo ndi ndalama zoyendetsedwa ndi kugawana. Matupinga ameneŵa angapange malo onse otetezera malo okumana mmalo m’malo mwa kuyendetsa malo otetezedwa ndi madzi amene sapanga mapangano ofooka. Kupambana kwa Souasiana ya Destriast Rigation - East (E-E-Slee) m'dziko la New Kriskatumikira monga woyang'ka a Karnerton, masamu ayang'ake, anthu oyendetsa amathandiza kuti ayendetseke

Njira Zothandiza Kuthetsa Vutoli ndi Zopangapanga Zabiri

Mowonjezereka, mabwana a mzinda amazindikira kuti konkire yokha singathe kuchotsa madzi — ndi kuti malo ozungulira amapereka mautumiki amphamvu, opindulitsa. Zothetsera zachilengedwe (NBS) kutsanzira kuipitsa kwachilengedwe kwa hydrology kutunga, kusunga, ndi kutulutsa pang’onopang’ono madzi a mkuntho. Urban] ndi madambo omangidwa okha [[FLT]] akugwira ntchito monga zidutswa m’nyengo ya mvula yaikulu, kuchepetsa malo okwera pamene zinthu zoipitsa. Matauni onga ngati Copenhagen asintha malo oimika kulowa [[FLT:] . [FLT:] . [mapale amadzi a m’mabwinja amvula achilengedwe amathandizanso kudutsa m’mapazipaipi obirikirapo. Malo okongola kwambiri a m’mapazi, mafunde opangidwa ndi mabwinja a m’mabwinja a madzi ambiri. Malo, amathandiziranso kuchuluka kwa mafunde a m’mabwinje. [F.]

Kukonzanso Njira Zachilengedwe

Mitsinje yambiri ya m’mizinda inawongoleredwa, kufutulidwa, ndi kuikidwa m'khonthi kuti apereke madzi mofulumira. Mabwana a mzinda tsopano ali madzulo akuŵalira madzulo a madzi ndi kubwezeretsa mathithi achilengedwe ndi mathithi a mchere. Kubwezeretsa mtsinje wa Cheongzegeon ku Seoul kuchotsa msewu kuti atulutse mtsinjewo, kupanga nkhalango yozungulira yomwe imasunga madzi pamene ikupereka malo a anthu. Mu Providence, Rhode, Rhode, Chisumbu cha Wowasquatchet River kuphatikizapo madabo a mchere amene amasefukira kugombe. Zimenezi sizimangochepetsa chigumula chokha koma zimawongothandiza kuti pakhale malo abwino, kukonzanso malo okhala ndi malo abwino. Komabe, pamafunika kukonza bwino zinthu za m'malo a mzinda wa misewu.

Kulinganiza ndi Kukonza Zovala

Mwinamwake njira yochititsa mkangano kwambiri ndiyo kuchepetsa kukula kwa malo osefukira. Mabwana a mizinda akukonzanso malamulo owonjezera ku mabwalo atsopano m'mapulainfish thirains zokhala ndi mabwinja ndi FMA’s Moniordentieti (FORMS). Maboma ambiri tsopano amagwiritsira ntchito [[FL:] kukwera ndi mabotolo omasuka [[FLT:]] [FLT]] [3] zofunika — kupangitsa nyumba zatsopano kukwera pa 100 kapena mamita aŵiri kuposa pa 100 lafu la chaka. Mpale wa m’madera amene amangidwa kale, [FLT:] ndi mapulogalamu a pulogalamu a , ndipo amagula ndi kuwonjezera zinthu zina za m’dziko lapansi lakwanulo. [Mafuku ang'ono ang'ono a .] Kuchokera kwa anthu ambiri: [Mafukus , ndipo ku madera ena a magwero a .]

Malamulo Omanga Opinimbirapo a Chigumula

Madokotala a m’madera otsala ndi madzi osefukira, amasungitsa malamulo omanga a mizinda. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zopangira madzi pansi pa madzi oyembekezeredwa mlingo woyembekezeredwa — mafunde otsekedwa ndi maselo otsekereza, mapulanga a m’madzi, ndi matayala adothi m’malo mwa malo ouma. Malo opangira madzi, ng’anjo, ndi otenthetsa madzi ayenera kukwezedwa kapena kuikidwa pansi pa madera ena otetezera. Magulu otetezera madzi amadzi akutsekereza A BB] Akhoza kutseka mapulogalamu ndi kutseka ndi kumbuyo kwa mathiro a madzi otsekerera. [FLT:] Malo oterera oteretsa otchuka a pansi pa nyumba zomangira. [F.]

Kuthandizana ndi Anthu ndi Kukonzekera Mayanjano

Mabwana a mzinda ayenera kuyendetsa ntchito yodziŵitsa anthu za kusefukira kwa madzi . Kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu za zinenero zambiri, zoulutsira za anthu, ndi zoyendera zapakhomo, ndi zoyendera zapakhomo, angafotokoze zimene angachite pa nthawi ya chigumula, osayendetsa galimoto kudutsa m’madzi, ndi kutembenukira ku malo apamwamba. [FLT:] Kuthandiza anthu ogwirizana ndi anthu, ndi kukonza zapachitukuko, kuphatikizapo anthu okalamba ovutika m’nyumba, anthu opunduka, ndi opunduka, ndiponso opanda magalimoto. Monga ku Houston: FFF: FFF: [FFF:], amene amathandiza.

Kuyenera kwa Mayanjano m’Chigumula

Kuwononga mlingo wochepa kwambiri kwa madera otsala, kupereka chithandizo cha ndalama kaamba ka nyumba zotetezeredwa ndi mawonekedwe, kaŵirikaŵiri chifukwa cha kubwezera kwa m'mbiri kumene kunawaika m'malo osungira madzi osefukira okhala ndi maziko opanda mphamvu. Mamanejala a mizinda ayenera kuchotsapo mlingo wa kukhazikika ku njira zamakono. Izi zimatanthauza kuyendetsa makampani obiriwira m'madera otetezedwa, kupereka chithandizo cha ndalama kaamba ka nyumba zotetezera madzi, ndi kutsimikizira kuti maprogramu ogula aperekera ndalama zoyenerera ndi kuchirikizanso nyumba zotetezeredwa ndi nyumba zatsopano. [[FLT:] 100] Mu mizinda ya Ressiliti , mizinda ya mamembala inapangidwa ndi njira za kuyenderako kuti kaya ntchito zopimira zimapindulitsa anthu onse. Mwachitsanzo, makampani a New Orleans Discial amaphatikizapo zofunika zachikulukulu. [Fom'smote:]

Ndalama ndi Makampani Opanga Malamulo

Kupirira kokhazikika kumafuna ndalama zoperekedwa ndi mitsinje yoperekedwa yomwe sidalira pa ndalama za boma zosadziŵika. Mabwana a mzinda akufufuza maatomu a madzi otentha — ofanana ndi madzi kapena zimbudzi — amene amalipira ndalama zochokera ku ukulu wa katundu. Makampaniwa amapanga ndalama zopindulitsa pa kuwongolera kobiribiribiri ndi zobiriwira. Matauni onga Philadelphia ndi Seattle agwiritsira ntchito zinthu zimenezi, kaŵirikaŵiri kupereka ngongole kwa eni maluwa amene amaika minda kapena zitsime. [[FLT:] Zomanga zokongola zopanda kuwonongeka [[FLT:] ndi [FLT3] [FFF] [FL:] [4] [zikulu za chiwonkhetso chachiretso chachi chachikulu cha dziko lapansi, ndipo amalola kuwonjezera kuwonongeka kwa mavuto a m'dziko, kusoŵa kwa kusoŵa kwa madzi. Kuwo kwa chiwonjezero chaku, kukhoza kupangitsa kubweretsanso kwa chiwonjezo chaku

Kugwirizana kwa Onse

Kupereka ndalama zambiri za kampani yaumwini. Mabwana a mizinda angapange maulamuliro a zomangamanga opanga makampani a kampani, makampani a inshuwalansi, ndi zipangizo zina. Mwachitsanzo, makampani a Manhattan-aked Kumanga ndi Pulani kubweretsa pamodzi omanga mapulani, mainjiniya, ndi mabungwe a mzinda kuti apereke chitetezero cha ku Lowensi Manhattan. Makampani achinsinsi angapereke mafashoni otsedwe otsekera m’nyumba posinthana magalimoto. Malo enieni angafunikire kupereka ndalama zothandizira kukonzanso monga mkhalidwe wa makampani opanga zinthu. Kugwirizana kumeneku kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zosefukira za kuthamangako zigaŵikananedwa m’malo mwa kuchuluka kwa olandira ndalama.

Kupanga Zosankha za Luso ndi Zaumoyo

Mamanejala a mizinda yamakono ali ndi chiŵiya champhamvu kwambiri cha ziyambukiro, zopimira, ndi kujambula kuti ziyende bwino. ndi makompyuta enieni oyang'anira madzi ndi zipangizo zamadzi, mapikipi a mvula, ndi mamite a madzi otulutsa madzi oloŵa m'masitepe othamanga amaloŵa m'mapulati. Pamene mphepo iyandikira, malo antchito angaone kuti ndi ati amene agwira matepikipikipi ndi kutumiza maenjero a madzi asanayambike. [[FLT:]] Mapimelo a mvula, monga momwe amaperekera kuwongolera ku madera opatsirapo a m’nyanja, ndipo amathandiza kwambiri m'makwaneransi a dziko lapansi. [makwawa a , magalimoto aakulu kwambiri a m'makwayilo, kapena a EPA SM) amalola kuti ayambe kukonza njira zosiyanasiyana za madzi.

Kuyendetsa Madzi Motsogola ndi Kubwezeretsa Madzi

Kupirira kwa chigumula sikungasiyani ndi mavuto ena a madzi — chilala, madzi abwino, ndi kuyang'anira madzi. Mabwana a mzinda akusamukira ku ku maofesi a madzi osungira madzi (IWRM) , kumene madzi a mkuntho amaonedwa monga chuma, osati zotayidwa. Madzi amvula angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa kuthirira, maindasitale, kapena ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosadziŵika bwino pambuyo pa mankhwala. M’mizinda youma yonga Los Angeles, madzi amvula amanyamula madzi opatsa madzi akumwa. Simutapenia , [FLT:] malo otetezekapo [maunyiza], otetezekapo, ndi otetezeka m'zipata, ndi otetezeka m’chisungidwa. Malo othandizira anthu ambiri monga: [FV:]

Kumaliza ndi Kuwona Mtsogolo

Kupirira kwa matauni ndi ntchito yosasintha. Mabwana a mizinda amene amakwanitsa kugwirizanitsa zinthu zokongola ndi zobiriwira, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino malo, mphamvu za m'dera, ndi ndalama zatsopano. Vuto nloopsa: kuopsa kwa nyengo kumasonyeza kuti mikuntho ya zaka 100 ingakhale zochitika zaka 25 m’madera ambiri. Komabe mizinda imene ikupanga zinthu zoyendetsera madzi amphamvu tsopano siidzangoteteza chuma chokha ndi kupulumutsa moyo komanso idzapulumutsanso maluso. Makiyi ake ndi ochititsa kuti ayendetse ndalama, data-driven isanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiponso kukonzekera kumene kumvetsera anthu amene amadziŵa bwino malo awo. Monga mmene sayansi imasinthira ndi njira zothandiza kukhwima mwauzimu, zaka khumi zotsatira zidzaona njira zopangira zinthu — kuchokera kusefukira kumene kumakwera ndi kugwa.