Table of Contents

Bwanamkubwa amatumikira monga milatho yotsutsa pakati pa boma ndi madera, kugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi a meya, akuluakulu a boma, mabungwe a mizinda, ndi atsogoleri ena a kampasi kuti akathetse mavuto apadera amene amayang'anizana ndi matauni ndi mizinda m'madera awo. Unansi umenewu pakati pa boma ndi akuluakulu a boma umachititsa kuti zinthu zikhale ndi mphamvu kwambiri pothandiza kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino kwambiri kukafika kumene akufunika kwambiri ndiponso kuti malamulowo asonyeze kuti dziko lenileni likhale lofunikira anthu. Kumvetsa mmene akazembe akugwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri a m’dzikolo kumathandiza kuzindikira njira zothandiza kuti tsogolo ndi moyo wanu ukhale wothandiza.

Maziko a Ubale wa Boma Lozungulira Dziko

Kugwirizana kwa boma kwathandiza kwambiri kukulitsa chuma ndi kukhazikitsa njira zatsopano zothetsera mavuto a m’deralo. Unansi pakati pa abwanamkubwa ndi atsogoleri a m’deralo umagwira ntchito m’bungwe lovuta kwambiri limene maudindo ndi akuluakulu a boma amagawidwa m’madera osiyanasiyana.

Kakonzedwe kameneka kasintha kwambiri zaka makumi angapo zapitazo. Pamene kugwirizana kunayamba kufala kwambiri m'boma lakumaloko m'ma 1980, kanayamba makamaka monga kugwirizana kwa makampani a makampani osiyanasiyana pankhani zina, monga mzinda wogwira ntchito ndi chigawo cha sukulu kukhazikitsa malo a chitaganya omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi. Maboma ambiri ankaganizira kwambiri za zotsatirapo zapadera, monga ngati mapangano kapena kuyambitsa mathekishoni a inshuwalansi ya boma. Masiku ano, mayanjano ovuta a anthu osiyanasiyana amagwirizana ndi zolinga zawo za kukwaniritsa zolinga za nthaŵi yaitali.

Ofesi ya bwanamkubwa imayang'anira ntchito ndi maofesi opatulidwa omwe cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza kulankhulana ndi maboma akuno. Imodzi ya ntchito za Ofesi ya Kazembe ndi kugwirizanitsa ndi kuthandizira maboma a m'madera. Ofesi zimenezi zimagwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri pothandiza kumasulira zinthu zofunika za boma m'ntchito yakumaloko pamene akutsimikizira kuti nkhaŵa za boma zifikira opanga zigamulo.

Ndalama ndi Kugaŵira

Abugwe amathandizanso kwambiri anthu a m’maderawa kuti apeze ndalama komanso kuti athandize anthu.

Boma ndi Maprogramu a Ansembe

Boma la boma limapatsa ndalama mabiliyoni ambiri ku boma ndi ku mayiko ena chaka chilichonse. Zimenezi zimapatsa ndalama zothandizira pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, monga kusamalira thanzi, maphunziro, ntchito za anthu, zigwirizano, ndi chitetezo cha anthu.

Mu 2021, boma la United States linapereka pafupifupi $1,3 biliyoni ku boma ndi boma kudzera m'zipatala za boma. Malo ameneŵa anapanga gawo limodzi la zisanu la ndalama zonse za boma, kupereka chithandizo cha zaumoyo, maphunziro, mautumiki a zachikhalidwe, zigwirizano za zinthu, ndi maprogramu a zachuma. Chichirikizo chochuluka chimenechi chimasonyeza kufunika kwa kugwirizana kothandiza pakati pa boma ndi akuluakulu a boma poyang’anira ndi kutumiza chuma chimenechi.

Kuperekedwa kwa ndalama zimenezi kumatsatira njira zosiyanasiyana. Project dimension imapatsidwa pamaziko a mpikisano kupyolera m’dongosolo lovomerezedwa ndi bungwe la boma lopanga zopereka. Malamulo a Formula dignome amaperekedwa pakati pa olandira mogwirizana ndi zinthu zodziŵika m’kutheketsa malamulo kapena malamulo a boma (m’chitsanzo, chiŵerengero cha anthu, ndalama zopezedwa ndi oulutsira nkhani, ndalama za munthu aliyense, umphaŵi, ndi chiŵerengero cha makilomita ambiri oyendetsedwa). Maboma amagwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri akumaloko kuwathandiza kuyendetsa mitsinje yosiyanasiyana ya ndalama ndi kulimbitsa mapemphoto awo opereka chithandizo.

Kulinganiza Kupanga Ndalama

Malo ophunzitsira akusonyeza malo ena amene akuluakulu a boma amathandizira kwambiri. Ndalama zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mapulogalamu a zaumoyo, kuteteza ndalama, maphunziro, ndi zipangizo zamakono. M'zaka 20 zapitazi, 17 peresenti ya makampani a boma amapita ku boma ndi ku boma monga ndalama.

Malamulo a boma aposachedwapa akhazikitsa mipata yatsopano ya kugwirizana kwa boma. Intraclaire Investicement and Jobs Act ya 2021 ya 2021 ikhazikitsa pulogalamu ya Safety Street ndi Misewu ya Onse (S4A) ndi ndalama zokwana madola 5 biliyoni m’mabanki oyenerera zaka zisanu. SS4A imapereka ndalama za maprojekiti a m'chigawo ndi a zapammene zigawo zimene zikugwirizana ndi Dipatimenti ya National Roadway Safety Strace Strace Strace Strace Strace. Makonzedwe othetsera kuchotsa ngozi zapamsea m'misewu yadziko, misewu, ndi misewu. Chifukwa chakuti misewu yambiri imasungidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma, boma la zigawo la zigawozo kuti zikhale ndi ntchito zonse zimene zimagwirizana ndi njira zoyendetsera ntchito.

Maboma ogwirizana ndi atsogoleri a kumaloko kuti adziŵe zofunika zazikulu za maziko, kulinganiza zinthu zofunika, ndi kutsimikizira kuti ma programu a ndalama zoyendera mogwirizana ndi zofunika zonse ziŵiri za boma ndi boma. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumathandiza kuwonjezera mphamvu ya ndalama zoyendetsera zinthu zapamwamba pamene kutsimikizira kuti ntchitozo zithandiza pa zosoŵa zenizeni za chitaganya mmalo mwa kungofuna ndalama zopezeka.

Kupereka ndi Kuchirikiza Maphunziro

Ku United States, njira yaikulu kwambiri yopezera ndalama zothandizira maphunziro oyambirira ndi a sekondale imachokera ku chithandizo cha boma, ndipo kenaka ndi ndalama zoperekedwa (misonkho ya katundu) ya m’dzikolo.

Boma la boma limapereka ndalama zothandizira maprogramu osiyanasiyana, mautumiki, ndi maprojekiti amene angaperekedwe bwinopo ndi akuluakulu a boma omwe amadziŵa bwino zosoŵa zapadera za kumaloko. Mwachitsanzo, maphunziro a Utututi Ndimapereka ndalama zothandizira mabungwe a maphunziro a m'dzikolo kutsimikizira kuti ana a m’mabanja opeza bwino angathe kukwaniritsa miyezo ya maphunziro a boma. Akuluakulu a boma a m’dzikolo angapereke ndalamazo kaamba ka maprogramu amene agwirizana ndi zosoŵa za kumaloko, monga malangizo owonjezera a kuŵerenga kapena kukhazikitsa maprogramu a sukulu ndi nyengo yachilimwe.

Kugwirizana kumeneku kumazindikira kuti pamene kuli kwakuti maboma a boma amapereka ndalama zambiri ndi kukhazikitsa miyezo yamaphunziro, akuluakulu a boma akukhala ndi chidziŵitso chofunika panthambi kuti akwaniritse maprogramu. Bwana amathandiza ubale umenewu mwa kutsimikizira kuti malamulo a maphunziro a boma amathandiza kuti asinthe bwino zinthu m’dzikolo pamene akuyang’anira zotsatira zake.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Kayendetsedwe ka Zinthu Potsatira Madongosolo Osiyanasiyana

Akuluakulu a boma akudziwa kuti malamulo a boma odalirika amachitika mogwirizana ndipo atsogoleri a boma ayamba kupangidwa kuyambira pa nthawi imene ayamba kulamulira.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Makompyuta ndi Makompyuta

Ofesi za boma zikupempha maboma a boma kuti akachite nawo ntchito yoimba foni za boma za m'dziko. The local Government Roundtable imapereka mpata wothandizana kwambiri ndi Ofesi ya Bwanamkubwa, maboma, ndi mabungwe olinganiza zinthu kuti afotokoze nkhani zokhudza kukonzekera malo ndi kuyendetsa bwino ntchito za boma.

Njira zolankhulirana zanthaŵi zonse zimenezi zimatsimikizira kuti malingaliro a kumaloko adziŵitsa kufalikira kwa boma. Mmalo mwa kukhazikitsa malamulo apamwamba, akazembe amene amasunga maunansi olimba ndi atsogoleri akumaloko angapange malamulo osonyeza mikhalidwe yeniyeni ya dziko ndi mavuto. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumawonjezera kuthekera kwakuti malamulo adzachitidwa mwachipambano ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo.

Maofesi a akazembe amapereka chithandizo cha zopangapanga ku mizinda, magawo, maboma, mabungwe a boma, ndi boma la boma kukwaniritsa mapulani a boma, kumanga ndi kukulitsa malamulo, ndi zifanizo zina zosiyanasiyana zogwirizana. Iwo amapereka uphungu kwa maboma a m'dziko ndi anthu pa kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la boma ndi kukonza ndi kufalitsa ndi kufalitsa General Plan Guidelines.

Kuthetsa Mavuto a M’deralo

Malamulo ambiri, maziko, ndi maprogramu amene amadutsa malire a chigawo amafunikira njira zothetsera madera ambiri ndipo motero amafunikira kugwirizana. Zina mwa madera ameneŵa ndizo: kusamalira ana ndi maphunziro a ubwana; nyumba zokwera mtengo ndi kusoŵa kwa antchito; kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito; kuloŵetsedwa kwa makompyuta ndi kulowa m'manja; zoyendera; ndi kulabadira ndi kulinganiza tsoka.

Akuluakulu a boma ali ndi udindo wapadera wothandiza kuti njira za madera zitheke kudutsa malire a m'boma. Mwa kugwirizanitsa atsogoleri a mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi kukhazikitsa chuma cha boma ndiponso kugwirizanitsa zinthu, akazembe angathandize anthu amene akukambirana mavuto omwe angawathetse bwino kwambiri kuposa malo ena alionse amene angayendere okha.

Mwachitsanzo, akuluakulu a bungwe la Pike County anagwirizana ndi mabungwe a boma ndi a anthu ena kuti akonze njira zitatu zothetsera mavuto amene akukumana nawo. Kukhazikitsa Opioid Task Force , kupangidwa kwa Kachilombo ka Ziwembu, ndi kupangidwa kwa bungwe la Reentry Coalition . Kuyesayesa kosiyanasiyana kumeneku kumafuna kuchirikiza ndi kugwirizanitsa zinthu.

Kuthandiza Boma pa Zosoŵa Zawo

Zosankha za kakonzedwe kaŵirikaŵiri zimafuna chivomerezo cha boma lakwanuko, ndipo zimasonyeza zikhumbo ndi zikondwerero za chitaganya.

Akuluakulu amene amayendera malamulo a boma amafunika kudziwa bwino mfundo zimene boma limatsatira kuti ligwirizane ndi anthu a m’deralo kapena kuti lizitsatira kwambiri mfundo za boma.

Kuchirikiza Kupita Patsogolo kwa Chuma cha M’dzikolo

Kutukuka kwa chuma kumasonyeza kuti mtsogoleri wa boma amathandizira kwambiri anthu.

Kukopa Malonda ndi Kuisunga Bwino Ntchito

Makampani ogwirizana pa kutukuka kwa chuma kaŵirikaŵiri amaphatikizapo boma, anthu aumwini ndi a m'chitaganya. Kaŵirikaŵiri akazembe amagwira ntchito ndi akuluakulu a zachuma akumaloko kukopa mabizinesi atsopano ku maboma awo ndi kusunga olemba ntchito omwe alipo.

Maofesi a kutukuka kwa zachuma a boma amasunga maunansi ndi alangizi osankha malo ndi opanga makampani kuti chitaganya chilichonse chivutike kupeza ufulu. Mwa kugwirizana ndi atsogoleri a kumaloko, akazembe angatsimikizire kuti anthu akupikisana mogwira mtima ndi mipata ya zachuma pamene akutsimikizira kuti zisonkhezero kapena chichirikizo chilichonse zigwirizana ndi zinthu zofunika ndi zofunikira za kumaloko.

Maprogramu Opititsa Patsogolo Ntchito

Kupita patsogolo kwa zachuma kumafuna kusonkhezera anthu kuti apeze ntchito, kukopa makampani, ndi kuthandiza mabizinesi aang’ono.

Kugwirizana kumeneku kungaphatikizepo kugwirizanitsa makoleji a m’deralo ndi olemba ntchito kuti apange mapulogalamu ophunzitsa anthu, kupereka ndalama zothandizira anthu othawa ntchito kuti aphunzire ntchito zatsopano.

Thandizo la Mabizinesi Aang’ono

Makampani aang'ono ndiwo maziko a chuma cha dziko, ndipo akazembe amazindikira mowonjezereka kufunika kwa kuchirikiza malonda ndi kuwonjezereka kwa mabizinesi. Mayanjano a boma m'derali angaphatikizepo kupereka malo a likulu kupyolera m'maprogramu a loni ya boma, kupereka chithandizo chaukatswiri kupyolera ku malo abizinesi aang'ono, kapena kutumiza malamulo amene amalemetsa makampani aang'ono kwambiri.

Atsogoleri a m’derali amamvetsa mavuto amene anthu a m’dera lawo amakumana nawo, pamene akazembe a boma angapereke ndalama ndiponso malamulo amene angathetse mavutowa pamlingo waukulu.

Kusintha kwa Kutetezereka kwa Anthu Onse ndi Kuyendetsa Zinthu Mwadzidzidzi

Kutetezeka kwa anthu kumasonyeza malo ena ovuta amene mtsogoleri wa boma amagwirira ntchito pamodzi ndi anthu okhala m’deralo. Kuyambira pa kuonetsetsa kuti malamulo achitika mwadongosolo mpaka kuthana ndi ngozi, kugwirizana kumeneku kumathandiza kuti anthu azikhala otetezeka.

Kugwirizana kwa Chivomerezo cha Mwadzidzidzi

Mliri wa Covid-19 unasonyeza mmene kugwirizana m’mayiko onse a boma kumathandizira dziko lathu kuthana ndi mavuto a m'dziko mwa kutsimikizira kuti boma lizipereka ndalama zokwanira zothandizira boma ndi zaumoyo ndi za m'dzikolo.

Mabungwe a m’madera osiyanasiyana amagwirizana kwambiri, a kagulu ka zigaŵenga zosiyanasiyana, monga kuyang'anira ngozi zadzidzidzi za m’deralo ndi njira zolankhulirana zophatikizapo malamulo ambiri a boma, boma ndi dziko, moto, zachipatala ndi zaumoyo. Olamulira amathandiza anthu ameneŵa mwa kupereka ndalama, kulinganiza zinthu, ndi kutsimikizira kuti akuluakulu a boma a m'deralo ali ndi ufulu wopereka chithandizo pamene akufunika.

Pa nthawi ya masoka achilengedwe, ya ngozi zadzidzidzi, kapena ya mavuto ena, abwanamkubwa amalengeza kuti zinthu zina zadzidzidzi zikutsegulidwa ndi akuluakulu a boma.

Kuchirikiza ndi Kugwirizanitsa Lamulo

Maprogramu achiweruzo olinganiza amagwirizanitsa apolisi, makhoti, oweruza, oweruza milandu, oweruza, opereka mathayo, matchalitchi ndi maziko ochepetsera upandu kapena chichirikizo ndi oyang’anira opereka chilango. Olamulira amachirikiza njira zogwirizana zimenezi mwa kupereka ndalama, kupereka chidziŵitso chogaŵana, ndi kuchirikiza njira zabwino koposa m’mayiko onse.

Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a boma angapereke zinthu zapadera ndi ukatswiri wothandizira madipatimenti a apolisi a m’dzikolo. Maboma amagwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri a boma kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zimenezi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Mabungwe a boma ndi mabungwe okhazikitsa malamulo a m’deralo amathandiza kuti ntchito yawo ithe kuthana ndi mavuto a upandu ndiponso kuteteza anthu.

Thanzi la Onse Limayamba Kuthandiza

Ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito za boma zimachirikiza zoyesayesa zamakono za kuyang’anira zaumoyo ndi zofufuza za anthu ndi zofufuza zaumoyo pa CDC ndi m’boma ndi madipatimenti a zaumoyo a kumaloko.

Kugwirizana kumeneku kunaonekera makamaka m'mliri wa COVID-19, koma kumafikira ku mavuto a thanzi la anthu osatha kuphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa mankhwala, kuletsa matenda osatha, ndi amayi ndi ana. Ndalama za CDC zimalandira ku Boma, kumaloko, ndi ku Tribuko la madipatimenti a zaumoyo kaamba ka maprogramu oletsa kuchulukitsitsa, ndi olamulira akumachita mbali zazikulu m'kulinganiza zoyesayesa zimenezi ndi kukhazikitsa chuma kufikira anthu oyambukiridwa ndi mavuto aumoyo.

Kuteteza Malo ndi Zoyesayesa Zochirikiza

Mavuto a malo okhala kaŵirikaŵiri amapyola malire akumaloko, akumafuna kuti akazembe alinganizidwe bwino kuti athandize. Kuchokera ku kuipitsa kwa madzi kufikira ku kuipitsa mpweya ndi kukhazikika kwa nyengo, kugwirizana kwa boma kumathandiza anthu kuthetsa mavuto a malo okhala mogwira mtima kwambiri.

Kusamalira Zachilengedwe

Mapangano oikidwa pakati pa mizinda, zigawo zapadera ndi eni malo amaimira chitsanzo chimodzi cha mmene akazembe amathandizira kugwirizanitsa malo okhala. Chuma cha madzi, nkhalango, ndi chuma china chachilengedwe kaŵirikaŵiri zimasinthasinthasinthasintha, kufunikira kulinganiza njira zopitira patsogolo ndi kutsimikizira kuti zinthu zoyendera nthaŵi yaitali zisungika.

Maboma angapereke ulamuliro ndi chuma chofunikira kugwirizanitsa osungitsa malo okhala pamodzi mogwirizana pa zonulirapo za malo okhala. Mwa kugwirizanitsa makambitsirano pakati pa maboma akumaloko, eni malo a eni malo, mabungwe a malo okhala, ndi osungitsa zinthu, akazembe amathandiza kukulitsa njira zokwanira zopezera njira zosungira chuma zimene chitaganya chilichonse sichingakwanitse kuzikwaniritsa chokha.

Kusintha kwa Nyengo

Akuluakulu a boma amathandiza anthu kuti akonzere ndiponso kuti asinthe nyengo, kuyambira pamene nyanja yafika poipa kwambiri kufika pa nyengo yoopsa.

Kugwirizana kumeneku kungaphatikizepo kuthandiza anthu odziwa kuwonongeka kwa nyengo, ntchito zothandizira kulimba kwa nyengo, kapena kuthandiza anthu kuti athe kusintha nyengo. Mwa kugwirizanitsa ntchito zimenezi pa mlingo wa boma, akazembe angatsimikizire kuti njira za kusintha kwa malowo zigwirizane ndi njira za deralo zoyendera ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri m’deralo komanso mmene zinthu zilili.

Yesetsani Mphamvu ndi Zinthu Zina

Bungwe la Capital Projects Fund limapereka K200,000 biliyoni ku mayiko, magawo, maboma ogwirizana, ndi maboma a mafuko kuti apereke ntchito zotsutsira boma zimene zimatheketsa ntchito, maphunziro, ndi kuyang'anira zaumoyo pochitapo kanthu pa ngozi ya zaumoyo wa anthu. Ndalama zimenezi zikusamalira mavuto ambiri othetsedwa ndi mliriwu, makamaka kumidzi ya America, mafuko, ndi anthu opeza ndalama zochepa ndi osafuna ndalama zambiri, kuthandiza kutsimikizira kuti anthu onse apeze malo amakono oyenerera, kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa anthu ofunikira kulowa m’mautumiki ovuta.

Maboma amagwirizana ndi atsogoleri a m'deralo kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino zipangizo zimenezi, kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zoyendetsera zinthu zamakono zithandize pa nthawi yomweyo komanso pa nthawi yaitali imene zinthu zikuyenda bwino. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo ntchito zokonzanso mphamvu zamagetsi za kumaloko, kukonza zipangizo zamagetsi, kapena kuthandiza anthu okalamba kuti apange zipangizo zoyendetsera mphamvu zamagetsi.

Kulandira Thanzi ndi Kuthandiza

Maboma amathandiza kwambiri anthu a m’derali kuti apeze chithandizo chabwino.

Kuyang’anira ndi Kufutukuka kwa Apolisi

Mu FY2023, Medicaid inapanga 56.8% ya ndalama zonse zoperekedwa ku boma ndi boma. Programu yaikulu imeneyi imafunikira kugwirizana kwakukulu pakati pa boma ndi akuluakulu a boma kuti atsimikizire kuti nzika za m’dzikomo zikhoza kupatsidwa mautumiki oyenera ndi kuti osamalira thanzi alandire chithandizo choyenera.

Maboma amapanga zosankha zowopsya ponena za kuchuluka kwa Medicaid eligid, mautumiki, ndi malipiro a kulipira zimene zimayambukira mwachindunji dongosolo la zaumoyo la kumaloko. Mwa kufunsa atsogoleri akumaloko, osamalira zaumoyo, ndi mabungwe a chitaganya, akazembe angatsimikizire kuti malamulo a Medicaid akusonyeza kuti aumoyo a m’deralo amafunikira ndi kuchirikiza dongosolo la zaumoyo lochirikiza.

Kuchirikiza Zaumoyo wa Kumidzi

Maboma amagwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri a kumidzi kuti athetse mavuto amenewa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, monga kuwonjezera makompyuta, kutumiza anthu osamalira anthu odwala, kutsekera zipatala, ndiponso kuchepetsa ndalama zothandizira zipatala za m’madera akumidzi.

Kugwirizana kwa chigawo cha boma kungathandize anthu akumidzi kusonkhanitsa chuma, kuthandizana, ndi kupeza luso lapadera limene chitaganya chilichonse sichingachirikize padera. Mwa kukhazikitsa mgwirizano umenewu ndi kupereka chuma cha boma, akazembe amathandiza kuti anthu akumidzi akhale ndi mwayi wolandira chithandizo chabwino cha zaumoyo.

Mautumiki Aumoyo

Ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito za boma zimaphatikizapo $1.6 biliyoni ya Boma Opioid Response Grants ndi $2 biliyoni ya Substance Use Use Ute Prevention, Treasurement, ndi Services Derecces Block Grant. Akuluakulu ogwirizana ndi atsogoleri akumaloko kutumiza zinthu zimenezi mogwira mtima, kutsimikizira kuti anthu ali ndi njira zochiritsira zogwiritsira ntchito molakwa mankhwala, mautumiki a zaumoyo, ndi chichirikizo.

Vuto la opioid ndiponso kuchuluka kwa anthu ozindikira za thanzi la maganizo zasonyeza kufunika kwa kugwirizana kwa boma pa zaumoyo. Maboma angathandize anthu osamalira thanzi lawo, oonetsetsa kuti malamulo ayendetsedwe, othandiza anthu, ndi mabungwe a m’deralo kuti ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira anthu kukhala ndi thanzi labwino popewa masukulu, kuwachiritsa, ndi kuwachirikiza.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Nyumba ndi Chitukuko cha Anthu

Nyumba zolemera ndi chitukuko cha anthu ndizo zitokoso zazikulu m’madera ambiri, zikumafuna kugwirizanitsa njira za boma ndi ulamuliro pamodzi ndi chidziŵitso cha kumaloko ndi mphamvu ya kugwirira ntchito.

Ntchito Zoyamba Zomanga Nyumba Zolemera

Maboma angathandize anthu kuti apeze nyumba zokongola pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, monga ndalama zosungira nyumba, mapulogalamu a ngongole, kusintha malamulo a boma, ndiponso kugwiritsa ntchito makina oyendetsera ntchito.

Mwa kugwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri a kumaloko, akazembe angatsimikizire kuti malamulo a boma a kuchirikiza zomangira za kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za kumaloko pamene akusamalira zofunika za nyumba za m’chigawo. Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo kulinganiza kumangidwa kwa nyumba m’madera osiyanasiyana kutsimikizira kuti nyumba zokhoza kugawiridwa molingana kapena kupereka chuma chothandizira kugonjetsa zopinga zopinga zopinga zofikira kukulitsa nyumba.

Kuyankha kwa Kusoŵa Pokhala

Madongosolo a zachipatala amagwirizanitsa apolisi, zipatala, nyumba zokhala, machipatala otetezera anthu osoŵa pokhala, ndi maziko a kusamalira matenda a maganizo. Olamulira amathandiza njira zimenezi mwa kupereka ndalama, kugwirizanitsa ntchito m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, ndi kulimbikitsa njira zoperekera umboni wokhudza anthu osowa pokhala.

Akuluakulu a boma angathandize kuti m’madera ena mukhale anthu opanda nyumba, odalirika komanso odalirika omanga nyumba komanso osamalira bwino malo okhala.

Kusintha kwa Anthu

Slate BeltIng, kugwirizana pakati pa Boroughs of Pen Argyl , Portland, Bangor, ndi Wind Capete ku Northampton County, adapanga programu yoyamba ya mitundu yambiri ya Whatednerhombiship ku Pennsylvania. Programuyo imalimbikitsa kugwirizana kwanthaŵi yaitali kwa mabizinesi, boma, ndi atsogoleri a chitaganya kupanga njira yokwanira, yamaziko a chuma, ndi yomangira unansi ku kuwongolera ndi kubwezeretsa.

Akuluakulu a boma amathandiza anthu otere popereka ndalama, powathandiza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono, ndiponso powazindikira kuti athandiza kuti ntchito yomanga nyumbazo ikhalenso bwino.

Zoyendera ndi Zothetsera Mavuto a Anthu

Malo oyendetsera zinthu ndi mautumiki a m’galimoto amagwirizanitsa anthu ndi ntchito zachuma, ndipo zimenezi zimachititsa kuti boma lizigwirizana kwambiri m’dera limeneli makamaka kuti anthu azikhala mwamtendere ndiponso kuti moyo wawo ukhale wabwino.

Njira Yapamwamba ndi Yam’misewu

M'mbiri, mbali yaikulu ya chilikizo la boma la boma yakhala kaamba ka chisungiko cha ndalama ndi zoyendera. Kuyambira mu 1940 mpaka 1970, maprogramu a boma opereka ndalama zambiri koposa anali a ndalama zothandizira banja ndi misewu yaing'ono. Pamene kuli kwakuti makampani a boma asintha patapita nthaŵi, malo oyendetsera adakali malo ofunika kwambiri a kugwirizana ndi boma.

Akuluakulu a boma amathandizana ndi atsogoleri a m’deralo kukonza zinthu za m’njira, kukonza ndandanda yomanga, ndi kuonetsetsa kuti misewu ya m’dziko ndi ya m’deralo ikugwira ntchito mogwirizana.

Njira Zoyendera za Anthu Onse

Maboma amathandiza kuti anthu azikhala ndi njira zoyendera m’madera osiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama, mgwirizano, ndiponso njira zothandizira kuti anthu azitha kuyenda.

Nthawi zambiri, zoyendera za anthu zimagwira ntchito m’madera osiyanasiyana ndipo boma limafunika kugwirizana.

Zoyendera Zogwira Ntchito Yachangu ndi Makwalala Okwanira

Akuluakulu a boma akuchirikiza njira zimenezi mwa kupereka ndalama zoyendera m’misewu, m’misewu ya njinga, ndi m’njira zina zoyendera, ndiponso akulimbikitsa malamulo amene amalimbikitsa anthu kukonza misewu imene anthu onse oigwiritsa ntchito atha kugwiritsa ntchito bwinobwino.

Mwa kugwira ntchito ndi atsogoleri a kumaloko kuchirikiza zoyendera zachangu, akazembe amathandiza anthu kukonza thanzi la anthu, kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendera za anthu okhala m’maderawo, ndi kupanga malo osavuta kuyendera.

Kuthandiza Anthu Kuphunzira Zinthu pa Intaneti

Mliri wa Covid-19 unasonyeza kufunika kwakukulu kwa kugwirizanitsa makompyuta pa zamaphunziro, zaumoyo, ntchito, ndi kuthandiza m’boma.

Kufutukuka kwa Zikole

CHUMA CHA ANTHU CHACHIKULU CHA CHUMA CHACHIKULU chinavumbula ndi kupitirizabe kulimbitsa malingaliro athu kuti anthu osapeza njira zamakono zapamwamba, kuphatikizapo kugulitsa, zopinga kuti atengemo mbali zonse za moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, monga ntchito yakutali, magetsi, ndi maphunziro atalitali. Kampani inayambitsa kampani ya za Makampani ya Kampani Yopanga Malo Othandizira Olandira Malo Othandizira Kupanga Ndalama za Ufulu wa Ufulu wa Malo Ofunika Kufikira Zosoŵa Zofunika Zofunika Zofunika Kwambiri za Anthu Okhalako kwa Nthaŵi Yosatha, ndi Zogogomezera Kupanga Malo Ochuluka.

Maboma agwirizana ndi atsogoleri a m'madera amene sanasungidwe ndiponso osasamalidwa bwino, kuika patsogolo ntchito yopanga zipangizo zoyendetsera zinthu, ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ndalama zoyendetsera zinthu zamakono zikhale zodalirika komanso zoyendera limodzi. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumathandiza kuti ntchito yowonjezera ya m'manja ikhale yothandiza kwambiri m’madera amene akufunikira zinthu zambiri ndiponso kuti zinthu zapamwamba zikhale zothandiza kuti anthu azikhala bwino kwa zaka zikubwerazi.

Kuchulukana kwa Makompyuta ndi Kusokonezeka kwa Zinthu

Kuphatikiza pa zipangizo zamakono ndi malo amene anthu a m’madera ena amagwirizana, kumathandiza kuti pakhale mavuto osiyanasiyana.

Mayanjano a boma m'dera limeneli angaphatikizepo kupereka zipangizo kwa ophunzira olandira ochepa, kuchirikiza maprogramu a manambala pa malaibulale akwanuko ndi malo a chitaganya, kapena kugwira ntchito ndi operekera utumiki wa pa Intaneti kupereka ndandanda yokhoza kukwera. Mwakulinganiza zoyesayesa zimenezi pamlingo wa boma pamene akulemekeza kutembenuza kwa kumaloko, akazembe amathandiza kutsimikizira kuti nzika zonse zingapindule ndi manambala.

Kukulitsa Kukhulupirirana ndi Kulankhulana Kogwira Mtima

Kupambana kwa mtsogoleri wa boma pomalizira pake kumadalira pa kukhulupirirana, kulankhulana, ndi kulemekezana. Maubwenzi ogwira mtima amafunikira chisamaliro chosalekeza ku maluso aunansi ndi kulankhulana.

Kukhazikitsa Njira Zomvekera Bwino Zolankhulirana

Lipoti laposachedwapa la Boma la Accounting Office linapeza kuti akuluakulu a boma ndi a boma kaŵirikaŵiri sangadziŵe akuluakulu a boma oikidwa pamene afunikira kulankhulana ndi kugwirizana nawo pa zoyesayesa za boma. Ngakhale pamene kulankhulana kuchitika, kumafikira kukhala kugaŵana kwapamwamba kwa mabungwe, kupereka mpata wochepa kuti apereke chiwonedwe. Mabungwe a Boma ayenera kugwirira ntchito kulongosola zimenezi. Mabungwe amene alibe nduna ya boma yogwirizana ndi boma ayenera kukhazikitsa munthu wogwirizana ndi chitsogozo kuchokera ku Ofesi ya Uyang'ezira ndi Ulimi, ndipo mabungwe onse ayenera kukhazikitsa njira zosavuta zolankhulira za boma ndi akuluakulu a boma a m’dziko.

Malamulo amakhalidwe abwino amodzimodziwa amagwira ntchito ku mayanjano a dziko. Olamulira amene amakhazikitsa njira zomvekera bwino zolankhulirana ndi mfundo zoikidwa za kulankhulana amapeputsa mosavuta atsogoleri akumaloko kupeza ndalama za boma, kukweza nkhaŵa, ndi kutengamo mbali m'kukula kwa malamulo. Kulankhulana kwanthaŵi zonse kumathandiza kuletsa kusamvana ndi kutsimikizira kuti boma ndi akuluakulu a boma agwirizanitse pamodzi mogwira ntchito.

Kukulitsa Chidaliro mwa Kuyang’anira ndi Kuŵerengera

Kugwirizana sikungayambike konse pa kudzimana kapena kutaikiridwa — kuyenera kupeza misewu pakati pa anthu odzisangalatsira pamene chikondwerero chogwirizana chingakhalepo.

Akuluakulu amakulitsa chidaliro chawo kwa atsogoleri a kumaloko mwa kunyalanyaza zinthu zofunika ndi zopinga, kutsatira mapangano, ndi kusonyeza ulemu pa kudziimira kwa munthu ndi luso lakumeneko.

Cholinga chachikulu kwambiri cha mabwana a boma ndi kulimbikitsa anthu kuti azikhulupirirana, kukhala ndi nzika komanso kulimbikitsa mabungwe ena.

Kuzindikira ndi Kukondwerera Chipambano

M’malo mwa Bwanamkubwa Tom Wolfe, Dipatimenti ya Zochita ndi Chitukuko cha Economic Special Special Scrial Dennis Davin, anavomera kuti azikhala ndi anthu oyandikana ndi boma ndipo anadzipereka kulimbikitsa anthu awo ndi kuwatumikira bwino.

Maprogramu oyamikira, mphoto, ndi kuvomereza poyera zinthu zimene zachitika m'deralo zimathandiza zinthu zambiri. Zimalimbikitsa atsogoleri a boma ndi magulu awo, zimalimbikitsa zinthu zimene anthu ena angatsatire, ndiponso zimasonyeza kuti bwanamkubwa ndi amene akufunitsitsa kuthandiza kuti dziko lawo likhale lopambana. Majesicha ophiphiritsa amenewa amalimbitsa mgwirizano pakati pa boma ndi boma ndipo amathandiza kulimbikitsa maunansi abwino.

Kulaka Mavuto m’Maungwe a Boma Lomwe Lilipo

Ngakhale kuti mtsogoleri wa boma amathandizana kwambiri, palinso mavuto osiyanasiyana amene amafunika kuwaganizira ndiponso kuyesetsa kuti athetse vutolo.

Kuthetsa Mikangano ya Zandale

Maboma ndiponso atsogoleri a m’madera ena angaimire zipani zosiyanasiyana zandale kapena angaike zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa nkhani zimenezi.

Akazembe opambana ndi atsogoleri a m’maderawo amazindikira kuti kutumikira anthu awo kumafuna kugwirira ntchito m’madera osiyanasiyana a ndale. Mwa kusumika maganizo pa mavuto amene akukhudzana ndi maudindo andale, akuluakulu a boma ndi a boma atha kupeza njira zothandizirana bwinobwino ngakhale pamene sakugwirizana pankhani zina.

Kuyendetsa Zinthu Movutikira

Boma ndi maboma omwe amakumana ndi mavuto amene angawalepheretse kugwirizana ndi anthu ena. Nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito ndalama, ndiponso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama ndi zinthu zina n’zochepa kwambiri zimene ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu zofunika kwambiri.

Kuti muthandizena, muyenera kuzindikira kuti pali zinthu zimene zingakuthandizeni kuti muzigwirizana komanso kuti muzilankhulana bwino.

Kulinganiza Ulamuliro wa Boma ndi Ufulu wa Malowo

Kusemphana maganizo pakati pa ulamuliro wa boma ndi ufulu wakwawoko ndi chitokoso chosatha m'maunansi a boma ndi malo. Maboma ayenera kulinganiza udindo wawo kutsimikizira kuti dziko lonse ndi kuŵerengera molemekeza ulamuliro wa kumaloko wopanga zosankha ndi zimene anthu amakonda.

Maboma a kumaloko amasonkhezera ndi kuyendetsa kutukulidwa kwa chitaganya m'maulamuliro awo nthaŵi zonse; ndi mbali ya thayo lawo kutsimikizira mlingo wa mkhalidwe kwa nzika. Olamulira ogwira mtima amazindikira thayo lalikulu la maboma a kumaloko kwa madera awo pamene akupereka chichirikizo ndi kugwirizanitsa zimene zimathandiza akuluakulu a boma a m’dzikolo kukwaniritsa bwino kwambiri ntchito imeneyi.

Kuthetsa Kusiyana Maganizo pa Zinthu

Maboma a m’madera osiyanasiyana amasiyana kwambiri pa luso lawo, zinthu komanso luso lawo. Matauni akuluakulu angakhale ndi madipatimenti odziwa bwino ntchito yokonza mapulani komanso antchito odziwa ntchito zambiri.

Zimenezi zingaphatikizepo kuthandiza anthu a zigawo zazing'ono, kupanga mgwirizano wa chigawo umene umalola anthu kusonkhanitsa zinthu, kapena kupanga maprogramu a boma ogwirizana ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya kumaloko. Mwa kuzindikira ndi kusamalira kusiyana kwa udindo, akazembe angatsimikizire kuti anthu onse akupindula ndi kugwirizana kwa dzikolo mosasamala kanthu za ukulu kapena chuma chawo.

Tsogolo la Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito ya Mtsogoleri Wakwawo

Pamene anthu akuyang’anizana ndi mavuto ovuta kwambiri, kufunika kwa kugwirizana kwa olamulira a malowo kudzangowonjezereka.

Mavuto Ovuta Kuwathetsa

M’zaka khumi zikubwerazi atsogoleri a boma adzakakamizika kugwiritsa ntchito nthaŵi yowonjezereka, maluso andale, ndi chuma kuchirikiza njira zothandizira kutsogolera anthu awo. Iwo adzathera nthaŵi yochuluka akuyang'ana kunja kwa nyumba za mzinda monga mkati. Kupereka utumiki kwapadera kudzakhala kofunika, koma oyendetsa magalimoto aakulu a boma la kumaloko adzakhala ochirikiza chuma, okhazikitsa malo a chitaganya, othetsa mavuto, ndi otsogolera mwadongosolo — zonsezo zimafuna kugwira ntchito m'maunansi ogwirizana.

Kusintha kwa nyengo, kusakhazikika kwa tekinoloji, kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha anthu, ndi mphamvu zina zikudzetsa mavuto amene amafunikira kukambitsirana kogwirizana m’maiko osiyanasiyana a boma.

Kusintha kwa Zipangizo

Zipangizo zamakono zimapereka mipata yatsopano yothandizira kuti dziko lizigwirizana. Mavidiyo athandizana, mapulogalamu a pulogalamu a pulogalamu yogwirizana, ndiponso makompyuta othandizana kugwirizanitsa zinthu, zingathandize kuti zikhale zogwira mtima komanso zothandiza. Olamulira amene amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zimenezi angathandize kuti apitirize kugwirizana ndi atsogoleri a dzikolo kwinaku akuchepetsa nthawi ndi mtengo woyendera pamisonkhano.

Kugawana zinthu ndiponso kukambirana zinthu zothandiza kuti mugwirizane.

Kugogomezera Kuyenera ndi Kukondera

Kuphatikizapo anthu, magulu onse, kuphatikizapo anthu otsika kapena osatetezedwa, ali ndi ndalama ndiponso mwayi wopeza zinthu zina.

Kugogomezera kulinganiza zinthu kumeneku kumafuna kuyesayesa kwadala kuloŵetsamo anthu osiyanasiyana, kutchula mbiri yakale pogaŵira chuma, ndi kutsimikizira kuti malamulo a boma ndi maprogramu amathandiza nzika zonse. Maboma amene amalinganiza kuyenera kwa kugwirizana kwawo ndi atsogoleri a kumaloko angathandize kupanga chitaganya chopanda chilungamo ndi chosagawanika kuzungulira maiko awo.

Kutenga Nawo Mbali m’Chigwirizano ndi Chiwonkhetso cha M’chitaganya

Mgwirizano uliwonse uyenera kuchititsa anthu kukhala pamalopo ndipo kutsimikizira kuti anthu akumva ndi kuphatikizapo mbali iliyonse. Mtsogolo mwa mtsogoleri wa boma adzagwirizana kwambiri ndi anthu a m'deralo, kutsimikizira kuti anthu okhala m’deralo ali ndi mwayi wochita nawo zinthu zimene zimakhudza moyo wawo.

Ubwenzi wa anthu umalimbikitsa anthu kuti azithandiza nawo kukonza tsogolo lawo. Maboma ndi atsogoleri a m’deralo amene amathandizana kupanga mgwirizano wapamwamba ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi maprogramu amene amasonyeza bwino zinthu zofunika m’chitaganya ndi zofunika kwambiri pamene akulimbikitsa anthu kukhulupirira boma.

Mfungulo ya Ziŵalo za M’deralo

Kumvetsa mmene akazembe amagwirira ntchito ndi atsogoleri a boma kumathandiza anthu okhala m’deralo kuti agwirizane ndi boma lawo ndiponso kuti athandize anthu ena.

Choyamba, maboma a m'dziko ndi amene ali oyendetsa apamwamba a chitaganya, kulimbikitsa kutukuka kwa chuma ndi kukulitsa moyo wa anthu okhala m’dziko. Mwa kukonzanso zinthu za m'mafakitale, kuyambitsa chuma cha kumaloko, kupanga ntchito, ndi kumanga chuma. Komabe, maboma samagwira ntchito paokha.

Chachiwiri, mzinda ndi akuluakulu a boma komanso mabungwe osankhidwa, komanso mabungwe a anthu akusonkhana kuti athandize anthu a m'deralo. Maboma a m'derali ndi anthu akudziwa kuti akhoza kusintha kwambiri mwa kugwira ntchito pamodzi. Njira imeneyi imakhudza boma, ndipo abwanamkubwa akuchita mbali zofunika kwambiri pothandiza anthu a m’deralo.

Chachitatu, kuti anthu agwirizane pa ntchitoyi, akuluakulu a boma komanso a boma amafunika kuonetsetsa kuti akugwira ntchito limodzi.

Chomalizira, kutukuka kwa anthu kuli ngati kukonza maŵa. Maboma a m’dzikolo ali ndi mphamvu ndi udindo wokonza tsogolo limenelo. Ndilo limathandiza anthu onse okhala m’dzikolo, kulimbikitsa anthu, ndiponso kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyendere bwino nthawi yaitali. Mwa kugwira ntchito mogwira ntchito ndi abwanamkubwa ndi boma, atsogoleri a m'dzikolo angapeze ndalama ndi kuchirikiza zinthu zofunika kuti akwaniritse udindo umenewu ndi kuyambitsa anthu otukuka.

Mmene Mungachitire ndi Ubale ndi Boma

Anthu a m'derali ali ndi mipata yosiyanasiyana yochitira zinthu limodzi ndi boma limene limakhudza anthu a m'dera lawo. Kumvetsa mipata imeneyi kumathandiza anthu okhala m’deralo kuti athe kusintha tsogolo lawo.

Pitani ku misonkhano ya boma yakwanuko kumene kuli kukambitsirana. Zosankha zambiri zazikulu ponena za mmene chuma cha boma chidzagwiritsidwira ntchito kuderalo zinapangidwa m'bungwe la mzinda, bungwe lachigawo, ndi misonkhano ina ya boma ya kumaloko imene ili yotseguka kwa anthu. Mwa kupezeka pamisonkhano imeneyi ndi kupereka zothandizira, nzika zingathandize kutsimikizira kuti maukwati a boma a kumaloko amasonyeza zinthu zofunika m’chitaganya.

Akhale ndi phande m'zochitika za pangano la chigwirizano ndi njira za boma. Pamene madera alandira ndalama za boma kapena za boma kaamba ka ntchito zazikulu, iwo kaŵirikaŵiri amachita madongosolo a pangano lapoyera kusonkhanitsa mfundo za chitaganya. Kutenga mbali m'zochitika zimenezi kumatsimikizira kuti mawu anu amvedwa ndi kuti maprojekiti amasonyeza zosoŵa ndi zikondwerero za chitaganya.

Kukambirana ndi akuluakulu a boma komanso a boma za nkhani zimene zimafunika kuchita zinthu mogwirizana. Mavuto ambiri a m’deralo amafunika kuti boma ndi dera limene mukukhala zikhale zogwirizana kuti muthe kulankhulana bwino ndi akuluakulu a boma pa madera onse awiri.

Mabungwe ochirikiza kugwirizana kwa boma ndi kutukuka kwa chitaganya. Mabungwe ambiri osapanga phindu, makampani, ndi magulu a boma amathandiza kulimbikitsa mgwirizano wa boma ndi kuchirikiza chitaganya. Kuchirikiza mabungwe ameneŵa mwa kudzipereka, kukhala mamembala, kapena ndalama kumathandiza kumanga maziko ofunika a boma kuti agwirizane bwino.

Kumvetsa zimene boma likufuna, kusintha kayendedwe ka zinthu, ndiponso mapulogalamu a m’dzikolo kumathandiza anthu kukhala ndi zolinga zabwino ndi akuluakulu a boma komanso akuluakulu a boma.

Kumaliza

Kuyanjana pakati pa akazembe ndi atsogoleri a dzikolo kumaimira mbali yofunika kwambiri ya kulamulira kogwira ntchito ndi kupititsa patsogolo kwa chitaganya. Mwa kugwirizana kwa chuma, kukhazikitsa malamulo, ndi kuchirikiza maluso a kumaloko, zimenezi zimathandiza kutsimikizira kuti anthu ali ndi zinthu zofunika ndi chichirikizo kuti ayende bwino. Kuyambira pa maziko a zinthu ndi maphunziro mpaka kusungika kwa anthu onse ndi kusamala zaumoyo, kugwirizana kwa boma kwa malo a dziko kumakhudza mbali iliyonse ya moyo wa anthu.

Kugwirizana kothandiza kumafuna kukambirana, kumanga, ndi kulemekezana. Akuluakulu amene amasunga maubwenzi olimba ndi atsogoleri a m'dziko, amathandiza kwambiri polemekeza ufulu wa anthu a m'dera lawo, ndiponso amathandiza kuti maulamuliro a m'madera onse azikhala bwino. Atsogoleri a m'madera amene amagwirizana ndi boma, amalankhulana bwino ndi anthu, ndiponso akukhala ndi phande m'kukhazikitsa malamulo a boma ndi mapulogalamu amathandiza kuti athandize anthu awo kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.

Pamene anthu akuyang'anizana ndi mavuto ovuta kwambiri, kufunika kwa ubwenzi wamphamvu wa boma kudzangokula. Mwakumvetsetsa mmene kugwirizana kumeneku kumagwira ntchito ndi kukhala ndi mwaŵi wa kuwasonkhezera, ziŵalo za mudzi zingathandize kutsimikizira kuti kugwirizana kwa boma ndi malowo kumathandiza kukwaniritsa zosoŵa za anthu awo ndi kuthandizira kuyambitsa zikhalidwe zomakula bwino, zolimba, ndi zoyenerera kwa nzika zonse.

Kaamba ka chidziŵitso chowonjezereka ponena za kugwirizana kwa boma la kumaloko ndi kukula kwa chitaganya, chezerani [[FLT: 0] Olamulira a Dzikolo Association , [[FLT :1] National League of Cities , [[FLT] Convention of Couragees [FLT:], [[FLT:], [[FLT]] Stromal City/ Conviduction Management Association , ndi [FLT:] Inte ya Boma la Boma lakwanut [FLT:]].