Bwana Wauyang'anira wa Boma la United States ndi injini imene imasintha malamulo kukhala enieni. Pamene Nyumba ya Malamulo ipereka lamulo ndi Pulezidentiyo kuiika chizindikiro chake m'lamulo, lamulo silimangotsata. Mmalomwake, nthambi Yoyang'anira . Imayendetsedwa ndi Pulezidenti . Imathandizira ndi gulu lalikulu la boma . Imapereka thayo lalamulo la "Kusamalira Malamulo kuti aperekedwe mokhulupirika" (Article II, Chigawo 3). Njira imeneyi ya kulinganiza ndi kusungitsa malamulo imacholoŵa m’malo osiyanasiyana, ndi yofunika kwambiri posunga malamulo. Kumvetsa bwino imapereka ophunzira ndi nzika za chithunzi chomvekera bwino cha mmene boma likuchitira tsiku ndi tsiku, mmene malamulo amayambukirira moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi mmene mphamvu ya mphamvu pakati pa manthambi atatu akugwirira ntchito ntchito.

Nkhani ino ikulongosola kapangidwe ka Nthambi Yotsogolera, masitepe atsatanetsatane a kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa lamulo, njira zosungitsa lamulo, ndi njira za kudziŵerengera mlandu zimene zimayang’anira nthambi. Mwa kupenda mbali zimenezi, timawona kuti Nthambi Yotsogolera simangopereka malamulo koma imawamasuliranso, kuwaumba mwa kukhazikitsa malamulo, ndi kutsimikizira kugonjera kupyolera mwa mpambo wa mabungwe ndi akuluakulu.

Maziko a Lamulo a Mphamvu Yolamulira

Ukulu wa nthambi ya Adminiti Breauth ndi ziletso zazikidwa mu Mfundo II ya Malamulo a U.S. Imakhazikitsa Pulezidenti monga mkulu wa ulamuliro ndi kutchula mathayo aakulu: kulamula magulu ankhondo, kukhazikitsa nduna za boma, kupanga mapangano (ndi uphungu ndi chivomerezo), ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo amaperekedwa mokhulupirika. "Khalitsani" ndilo maziko a malamulo a ntchito zonse ndi kusungitsa.

Maframers analinganiza Nthambi Yotsogolera kukhala yamphamvu ndi yotsimikiza, yokhoza kuchita mofulumira mwanjira imene Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ufulu singakhoze. Komabe, iwo anapanganso m'macheke: Nyumba zolamulira za ndalama ndipo zingagonjetse ndi kutsutsa Pulezidenti, pamene makhoti akupenda machitidwe aakulu a lamulo ndi kugonjera. Kulekanitsidwa kwa maulamuliro kumatsimikizira kuti kukwaniritsa ndi kutsata kukhale m'mipambo yalamulo.

Malo a Nthambi Yotsogolera

Nthambi ya Administrate iri yaikulu kwambiri ndi yocholoŵana kwambiri kuposa Pulezidenti ndi Kabinati. Imaphatikizapo Ofesi Yoyang’anira ya Pulezidenti (EOP), madipatimenti 15 (yense motsogozedwa ndi mlembi wa Kabinati), ndi mabungwe mazana ambiri odziimira, mabungwe, mabungwe, ndi makampani a boma. Onse pamodzi, mabungwe ameneŵa amagwiritsira ntchito anthu wamba oposa mamiliyoni 4 (kuphatikizapo antchito autumiki) ndi kuyang'anira zonse kuchokera ku chisungiko cha dziko lapansi ndi ku chitetezo cha malo okhalako.

Pulezidenti Monga Wolamulira Wamkulu

Pulezidenti amatumikira monga mkulu wamkulu wa boma lolamulira. Ntchito imeneyi imaphatikizapo kusaina mapepala alamulo (kapena kuwatumiza), kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi zilengezo, kukhazikitsa atsogoleri a mabungwe a boma ndi madipatimenti (ogonjera ku kutsimikiziridwa kwa Nyumba ya Malamulo), ndi kutsogolera ndandanda ya malamulo a nthambi. Pulezidenti alinso ndi mphamvu yokhululukira ndi kubwezera milandu ya boma, imene imayambukira mwachindunji zotulukapo za kusungitsa lamulo.

Malamulo a akuluakulu ndi ofunika kwambiri. Amalangiza mabungwe a boma kuchita zinthu zinazake kapena kumasulira malamulo m’njira zina. Mwachitsanzo, Pulezidenti amene akubwerayo angapereke malamulo a akuluakulu okhazikitsa malamulo oyenera kusintha zinthu zofunika, monga kulamula bungwe loteteza zachilengedwe kuti lipende malamulo ena a malo okhala kapena kulangiza Dipatimenti ya Homeland Security kuti isinthe zinthu zofunika pa moyo wa anthu osamukira ku mayiko. Ngakhale kuti malamulo a akuluakulu sangapange malamulo atsopano, angasinthe kwambiri mmene malamulo a masiku ano amagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi kutsa ntchito.

Madipatimenti a Kabinabi ndi Otsogolera

Kabinati ili ndi alembi a madipatimenti 15 a akuluakulu, komanso akuluakulu ena amene amalangiza Pulezidenti. Dipatimenti iliyonse ili ndi ntchito yapadera ya malamulo ndi pulogalamu ndi malamulo. Mabungwe a dipatimenti ali ndi udindo woonetsetsa kuti malamulo a m’manja mwawo achitidwa bwino ndiponso mosasintha.

Zitsanzo zazikulu za madipatimenti ndi ntchito zawo zosungitsa ndalama zimaphatikizapo izi:

  • Department of Justice (DOJ): [[FLT ] DOLT , ndi bungwe losungitsa lamulo la boma. Imaweruza milandu ya boma, imaimira United States m'nkhani zalamulo, imayang'anira Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), ndi Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firmam Madom ndi Exlosies (AFF). Imakakamizanso malamulo a ufulu wa anthu ndi malamulo oletsa ufulu wa anthu.
  • Malo a Chisungiko cha Homeland (DHS): DHS imasumika pa kutetezera dziko ku ziwopsezo ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo a kusamuka ndi a miyambo. Imaphatikizapo Transportation Security Administration (TSA), U.S. Customs and Bournet Protection (CBP), U.S. Immigration and Custommentmentmentmentment (IE), ndi Federal Eme Management Agency (FEMA).
  • Kuthandiza kwa Thanzi ndi Mautumiki a Anthu (HHS): HHS imayang'anira thanzi la anthu, chakudya ndi mankhwala, Medicare ndi Medicaid, kuletsa matenda, ndi sayansi ya zamankhwala. Mabomba ake amaphatikizapo Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
  • Malo a Treasure ya Kayendedwe ka Masheya: Amayang'anira ndalama za boma, amasonkhanitsa misonkho kupyolera mwa Internal Revenue Service (IRS), amasungitsa malamulo a zachuma, ndi kulimbana ndi maupandu a zachuma kupyolera mwa Financictive Crimes Enforcement Network (ForceN) ndi Ofesi ya Kunja ku Control (OFAC).
  • Kuthandiza Transportation (DOT): Amakhazikitsa ndi kukhazikitsa miyezo ya chitetezo ya ndege, misewu, njanji, mapaipi, ndi njira zoyendera kudzera ku mabungwe monga Federal Aviation Administration (FA) ndi National Highway Traffy Safety Administration (NHTA).

Ntchito Zofuna Kusintha Anthu ndi Zochita za Anthu

Kupyola madipatimenti a Kabinet, mabungwe odziimira okha amagwira ntchito kunja kwa nyumba ya makampani kuti atetezere ntchito zina ku chisonkhezero cha ndale zadziko. Izi zimaphatikizapo Federal Reserve System (malamulo a zandale), Secureties ndi Exchange Commission (SEC — kukhazikitsa malamulo a za kusungitsa). Mabungwe ameneŵa amatsogozedwa ndi makampani amene mamembala awo amatumikira, mawu otsutsika ndipo angachotsedwe ndi Pulezidenti chifukwa cha zimene zachititsa.

Mmene Malamulo Amagwiritsidwira Ntchito: Kukhazikitsa Malamulo

Pamene Congress apereka lamulo, kaŵirikaŵiri limakhazikitsa malamulo ndi zolinga zazikulu koma limasiyira tsatanetsatane ku mabungwe a boma oyenerera. Izi nzakuti Nyumba za Malamulo sizingathe kuyang'anira mbali iliyonse ya kusungitsa. Njira imene bungwe limatembenuzira lamulo kukhala malamulo otsimikizirika, ogwirizana imatchedwa "kukhazikitsa malamulo."

Mfundo 1: Werengani nkhaniyi kuti mudziwe mmene mwambowu unakhalira

Bungweli likakhazikitsa lamulo lokhudza malamulo, limasankha maloya ndi akatswiri a malamulo kuti apendenso lamulolo. Amatchula zimene lamulolo likufuna, ulamuliro umene limapatsa bungwelo, ndiponso kuti limalamula kuti lizigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yotani. Bungweli liyenera kumasulira mawu, mipata, ndiponso kuti lizitsutsana ndi malamulo amene alipo.

Sitepe 2: Kukhazikitsa Malamulo Ovomerezedwa

Bungwelo limalemba "Notice of Propaced Regal" (NPRM) imene imalongosola lamulo lolingaliridwa, maziko ake alamulo, ndi ziyambukiro zake zoyembekezeredwa. Chidziŵitsochi chimafalitsidwa mu Féderal Register [, chofalitsidwa cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha malamulo a boma, malamulo operekedwa, ndi zilengezo za anthu. Chofalitsacho chimayambitsa nyengo ya ndemanga za onse, makamaka 30 kufikira masiku 90, pamene munthu aliyense kapena gulu lingapereke ndemanga zolembedwa.

Mfundo 3: Kuyankha ndi Kufufuza kwa Anthu

Ndemanga zapoyera nzosuliza kaamba ka kuyenera kwa demokrase ndi kupanga zosankha zodziŵidwa. Makampani ayenera kuŵerenga ndi kulingalira ndemanga iliyonse yaing'ono yonena za anthu. Angapereke chidziŵitso chowonjezereka, kapena kufunsira kwa akatswiri. Bungwelo limakonzekera lamulo lomalizira limene limayankha ndemanga zofunika ndi kulongosola masinthidwe alionse a lamulo lolingaliridwa. Njira imeneyi imalamulidwa ndi Procditure Act (A) ASCIT] A Procture Act ya 1946, imene imakhazikitsa miyezo ya kupanga ndi kutsata.

Sitepe 4: Ulamuliro Womalizira ndi Kugwirizana

Lamulo lomaliza limafalitsidwa mu Federal Register ndi deti logwira mtima (makamaka masiku 30 pambuyo pake kulola mamembala oyambukiridwa kukonzekera). Ilo kenaka limaikidwa mu Code ya Federal Regames (CFR) [1], kuphatikiza kwachikhalire kwa malamulo onse a boma. CFR imalinganizidwa mwa kulembedwa m'mitu 50 (m’mzere, Umutwe 21 uphatikizapo chakudya ndi mankhwala; Umutwe 40 ubisa kutetezera malo okhala; Umutwe 26 uphatikizapo ndalama za mkati mwa dziko).

Sitepe 5: Zolembedwa Zotsogolera

Kuwonjezera pa malamulo okhazikitsidwa, mabungwe amatumiza zikalata zotsogolera, ntchito zomasulira, ndi ndemanga za malamulo zimene zimamveketsa bwino mmene amafotokozera malamulo awo. Mapepala ameneŵa saali ndi mphamvu ya lamulo koma amapereka malangizo ofunika kwa mabungwe ndi antchito osungitsa. Mwachitsanzo, bungwe la IRS limaika malamulo a Revolution Reconvect ndi Proctures kulongosola malamulo a msonkho, ndi nkhani za SEC zimene Staff Legal Bulletins zomwe zimasonyeza mmene bungwelo lidzafikitsira nkhani zina.

Kuumirira Malamulo: Mmene Kugwirizana Kumafikiridwira

Makampani amagwiritsira ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku chitsogozo chaufulu ndi chithandizo cha zopangapanga kufikira ku kufufuza, kufufuza, faindi, ndi milandu yaupandu.

Maphunziro ndi Ntchito Yodzifunira

Mabungwe ambiri ayesa choyamba kugonjera mwa maphunziro ndi kutsata. Amafalitsa zitsogozo, kutsogolera magawo a maphunziro, ndi kupereka chithandizo chaluso kuthandiza mabungwe otsogolera kuzindikira mathayo awo. [FLT]] Occumental Safety and Health Administration (OSHA , , mwachitsanzo, amapereka maprogramu ofunsira a mabizinesi aang'ono kuti adziŵe ngozi zisanachitike kufufuzidwa. ENVIT DECENT DECENT Agency Agement (EPA) imayendetsa malo operekera chithandizo cha makampani ena monga kusindikiza, chitsulo, kumaliza, ndi ulimi.

Kufufuza ndi Kufufuza

Ngati malamulo sakugwirizana ndi zimene akufuna kapena ngati malamulo akufunika, mabungwe a m’mayikowa amafufuza ndi kufufuza zinthu.

  • FDA kufufuza mafakitale okonza chakudya, opanga mankhwala, ndi zipangizo zamankhwala kuti atsimikizire kuti ndi otetezeka ndi abwino.
  • OSHA kufufuza kuntchito kuyang'ana ngati pali ngozi, kuswa zolembedwa, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito bwino zipangizo zotetezera.
  • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kubwezetsa msonkho kuti atsimikizire ndalama zimene munthu amapeza, ndalama zochepetsera ndalama, ndi ngongole zimene amalipira anthu ndi mabizinesi.
  • EPA yofufuza malo a maindasitale, malo osungiramo zinthu, ndi mafakitale osungira madzi kuti ayang'ane kuletsa kuipitsa ndi kutulutsa mpweya.

Kufufuza ndi Nkhokwe

Mabungwe ambiri ali ndi ulamuliro wofufuza zothekera kuswa kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu yaing'ono kukakamiza umboni ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mapepala. FBI [1] Afufuza upandu wa boma kuyambira pa uchigaŵenga ndi pa Intaneti mpaka kuipitsa kwa anthu ndi upandu wolinganiza. Sacuties ndi Exchange Commission (SEC) imafufuza za chinyengo, mkati mwa malonda, ndi kuweruza kwaupandu. [[FLT:] Facer Tracer Commission (FC) [FLTC] imafufuza zamalonda achinyengo ndi kuphwanya malamulo. Kufufuza kumeneku kungatsogolera ku milandu yachiŵeruza kapena milandu yachigalo.

Kuletsa Oyang’anira

Nthaŵi zambiri mabungwe amathetsa ntchito zauyang'anira kuyang’anira pamaso pa Woweruza wa Malamulo (ALJ). ALJ ndi oimira odziimira mkati mwa bungwe limene limamva umboni ndi kufalitsa zosankha zoyambirira. Mapalikiti angapereke zigamulo zimenezi ku utsogoleri wapamwamba wa bungwelo ndiyeno ku khoti la boma. Dongosolo limeneli limalola kuti pakhale kusamvana kwapadera, kogwira mtima kwa maluso a zaluso. Mwachitsanzo, [FLT: 0] Sucrial Security Administration kugwiritsa ntchito ALJ kuchonderera zipatazo zokanika, ndipo Nationalal Labotion Relationtions Couragetion (NLB) [FLD] imagwiritsira ntchito njira zotsutsa ntchito zolakwika za ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito ntchito.

Ufulu, Mafailo, ndi Zopatulika

Pamene kuswa malamulo kwatsimikiziridwa, mabungwe angapereke zilango zosiyanasiyana. Zimenezi zimakonzedwa kuti zipereke chilango chosatsatira, kuletsa kuswa malamulo m’tsogolo, ndi kubwezeretsa mapindu osachitidwa bwino. Zilango zachisawawa zimaphatikizapo:

  • Zopereka za ndalama: Zilango zoikidwiratu pa kuswa, zimene zingafutukule kaamba ka kuswa kopitirizabe. Mwachitsanzo, OSHA angapereke maliponsi a $145,027 pa kuswa kwakukulu (kuikidwa pa chaka ndi chaka kaamba ka kukwera mtengo). SEC ingafune kuchotsa phindu lolinganizidwa limodzi ndi chilango cha anthu kuŵirikiza katatu mapindu osaloledwa ndi lamulo.
  • Kuchotsa kapena kuchotsa laisensi: Mabungwe ambiri amafuna laisensi kuti agwire ntchito m’mabwalo oyendetsedwa bwino. FDA ingachotse zilolezo za mankhwala osokoneza bongo; FAA ingaimitse laisensi ya woyendetsa ndege; FCCC ingachotse laisensi ya kuswa malamulo mobwerezabwereza.
  • Kutsekereza ndi kuchotsa: Boma lingaletse kampani kapena munthu aliyense kutengamo mbali m'pangano la boma, kupereka, kapena maprogramu a zaumoyo. Ofesi ya Mlonda Wankhondo pa HHS, mwachitsanzo, ikhoza kuchotsapo osamalira thanzi kuchokera ku Medicare ndi Medicaid kaamba ka chinyengo.
  • Malamulo ovomerezeka ndi zochita zowongolera: Nthaŵi zambiri, bungwe limakambirana za kugaŵidwa kofuna woswayo kuchitapo kanthu, monga kuika zipangizo zotetezera kuipitsa, kukumbukira zinthu zaupandu, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito maprogramu omvera. Malo ameneŵa amalamulidwa ndi malamulo a khoti.
  • Upandu: kwa kuswa kwakukulu kapena dala, mabungwe amalozera milandu ku Dipatimenti ya Chilungamo kaamba ka kuweruza mlandu. Izi zingatulukepo zigamulo za ndende za munthu aliyense ndi ndalama zaupandu za kampani zimene zingafikire madola zikwi zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, [[FLT:] Confectics Procticts Act (FCPA) zimalamulidwa ndi zonse ziŵiri SEC (civil) ndi DOJ (CRIM).

Kugwirizana ndi Ntchito ya OMB

Kuzindikira kucholoŵana kwa ulamuliro wamakono, palibe bungwe lokhazikitsa malamulo opatulidwa. Office of Management and Bactal (OFL) [OFL:1], mkati mwa Ofesi Yoyang'anira ya Pulezidenti, imachita mbali yaikulu ya maulamuliro. OMB imapenda malamulo onse olingaliridwa ndi malamulo aakulu kutsimikizira kuti iwo ali ogwirizana ndi malamulo a Pulezidenti, malamulo owonongetsa kusanthula, ndi miyezo yalamulo. OFRAGOM ya Chidziŵitso ndi APUFUPUPU (ORARARA) , mbali ya OMB, kupenda malamulo odziŵika bwino kaamba ka chiyambukiro chawo, kulinganiza, ndi malingana ndi ulamuliro.

Magulu ogwira ntchito ngofalanso. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito [FT:0] Kachitidwe ka Drash Air Act kumaphatikiza kugwirizana pakati pa EPA (kumene kumakhazikitsa miyezo ya kutulutsa), Dipatimenti ya Energy (imene imayambukira mafuta ndi mphamvu zopangira), Dipatimenti ya Zoyendera (imene imayang'anira miyezo ya galimoto), ndi mabungwe a boma a malo okhala. Mofananamo, malamulo a zachuma amaphatikizapo kugwirizana pakati pa Federal Reserve, SEC, SEC, Commodity Futures Trading Commis (CTC), Dipatimenti ya za Ndalama, ndi Sumercial Provicial Office Bureaual Bureaual (CPB).

Mavuto a Kugwiritsira Ntchito ndi Kukakamiza

Kutsatira malamulo ndi kuwatsatira n’kodzaza ndi mavuto amene amakhudza kuyendetsa zinthu bwino, kuchita zinthu moyenera, ndiponso kugwira bwino ntchito.

Mtengo Wopereka Malangizo ndi Wothandiza

Lamulo lililonse latsopano limaika mtengo pa mabungwe olamulidwa ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri pa anthu. Makampani aang'ono, makamaka, angavutike kutsatira mapepala ovuta ndi zofunika za maluso. Makampani amafunika ndi dongosolo la akuluakulu (pakalipanopo Exectutive Order 12866 ndi malamulo otsatirawa) kupenda mtengo ndi mapindu ndi kusankha njira yosavuta kwambiri. Komabe, kulinganiza kuyang'anira ndi mphamvu ya chuma kumakhalabe vuto losatha.

Kusiyana Kokakamiza

Kukakamiza kungasiyane chifukwa cha chuma, zinthu zofunika pa ndale, ndi malo. Bungwe lokhala ndi ndalama zochepa lingafufuze kokha kuswa kwakukulu kosiyana, kusiya ena ambiri osaletsedwa. Mlingo wa EPA , monga ngati, kusinthasintha kwa ndalama ndi malo oyamba, kuchititsa nkhaŵa za kutetezedwa kwa malo okhala ndi anthu onse. Mofananamo, kusungitsa anthu osamukira m’dziko kwasintha kwambiri pakati pa maulamuliro, kupangitsa anthu osamukira m’dziko ndi owalemba ntchito omwe omwe.

Kugwira Anthu pa Ndale ndi Kuwagwira

Ngakhale kuti mabungwe odziimira okha amapangidwa kuti asamatengeke ndi ndale, iwo satetezeka. Kusintha kwa nyumba kungachititse kuti anthu azikhala ndi ntchito zofunika kwambiri, kupempha ndalama, ndiponso ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchito maulamuliro. Vuto la "kugwira bwino ntchito" . Kumene makampani oyendetsedwa bwino amalimbikitsa kwambiri anthu kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo poyendetsa zinthu za m'mafakitale.

Kupenda Chiweruzo ndi Mavuto a Malamulo

Zochita za akuluakulu, kuphatikizapo malamulo ndi zigamulo za osungitsa, zifunikira kupendedwa. Makhoti angachotse lamulo ngati liposa ulamuliro wa bungwelo, nlopanda lamulo, kapena likuswa ufulu walamulo. Zigamulo zaposachedwapa za Khoti Lalikulu pa "mafunso a chiphunzitso" ndi chiphunzitso chosagwirizana ndi lamulo zasonyeza kuti pali kuweruza kolimba pa mphamvu ya ulamuliro. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mabungwe ayenera tsopano, kuposa ndi kale lonse, kupangitsa zochita zawo kulongosola bwino ndi kupenda bwino.

Kufunika kwa Kuŵerengera ndi Kuona Zinthu Moyenera

Kuti nthambi ya Administrate ipitirize kudalira anthu, iyenera kuiimba mlandu.

Kuyang’anira Gulu

Congress amayang'anira maofesi a Audentigate Office (GAO), kufufuza, Boma Auntantial Accouncial Accounting Office (CBO). Makomiti angasunge zikalata zaunduna ndi kukakamiza umboni kuchokera kwa akuluakulu a bungwe. Ofesi ya Governtation Activity (GAO) [GALT ,] , kaŵirikaŵiri otchedwa "Oyang'anira," kupenda maprogramu a boma, kupenda chipambano kwawo, ndi kuvomereza. Congress Congress ayang's aunt kuyang'anira kolurce kupyola njira ya kuŵerengera, kuika mayendedwe imene imayambukira mwachindunji ntchito ya kuyendetsa ntchito.

Apolisi a ku Germany

Dipatimenti yaikulu iliyonse ndi mabungwe ambiri odziimira okha ali ndi Office ya Inspecter General (OIG). Galu zoyang'anira zodziimira zokha zimenezi zimafufuza ndi kufufuza zinthu monga kutaya, chinyengo, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa, ndi kusamvera m'mabungwe awo. Amafalitsa malipoti a anthu ndi kutchula milandu ya upandu. [FLT:] [FLT] Komiti ya OIG [1], mwachitsanzo, kufufuza nkhani kuchokera ku polisi yolakwika ya ku DO J.

Kupenda Chiweruzo

Mabungwe ovulala angatole ntchito za akuluakulu a khoti la boma. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kutsutsa malamulo, zochita zosungitsa, ndi zikalata. Pansi pa Procedture Act , makhoti amapenda ngati bungwe lina linachita mogwirizana ndi ulamuliro wake, kutsatira njira zoyenerera, ndi kupanga zigamulo zolingalira. Kupenda koweruza kuli maziko a kusiyanitsa maulamuliro ndi kuletsa Ofesi Yapamwamba kumachita zinthu mwadala.

Kupereka Lipoti la Anthu Onse ndi Kuonana Kwabwino

Ufulu wa Chikalata cha Information Act (FOIA)[FLT :1] imapatsa anthu ufulu wopempha mafashoni kuchokera ku mabungwe a boma. Makampani akufunika kufalitsa mokangalika chidziŵitso china, monga malingaliro omalizira, mfundo za malamulo, zikalata, ndi zofunsira mobwerezabwereza. Mabungwe ambiri tsopano olemba ntchito yosungitsa ntchito za ntchito pa Intaneti. EPA'S Encective and Compliance History Online (ECHRO) malo osungirako zinthu, mwachitsanzo, amalola aliyense kufufuza mabodza a malo okhala ndi malo okhalako. CCM [ED .FFFFFF]

Zitetezero za Ophulitsa M’madzi

Antchito a Federal amene amaneneratu kutayidwa, chinyengo, kuchitiridwa nkhanza, kapena kuswa lamulo amatetezeredwa ku kubwezera ndi Act yotetezera ya Wistleer Control ndi malamulo ena. Oimba madandaulo angalembe madandaulo ndi Office of Special Counse (OSC] [FLT ,] , imene ingafufuze ndi kufunafuna njira zowongolera kapena njira zothetsera molimbana ndi akuluakulu a boma obwezera. Zimenezi zimalimbikitsa kulengeza kwa mkati popanda kuopa kubwezera.

Kumaliza

Ntchito ya nthambi ya Adminiftier Breader pogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa malamulo ndiyo maziko a kulamulira kogwira mtima. Kuyambira pa ntchito ya Pulezidenti ya malamulo kuwona malamulo akuperekedwa mokhulupirika, kufikira ku madongosolo ocholoŵana a mabungwe a boma, ku mayeso a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zilango zimene zimatsimikizira kuti zikugwirizana, nthambiyi imasintha cholinga cha malamulo kukhala zotsatirapo zenizeni kwa mamiliyoni a Aamereka. Dongosololi sili langwiro: limalimbana ndi mtolo wotsendereza, kuchotsa malamulo, mphamvu ya ndale, ndi zitsutso zalamulo. Komabe, mwa njira yolimba ya kugwirizana, kuyang'anira, kuweruza, ndi kuonekera kwaposewera kwapo, kuŵerengera kwaposera kwapoyera mlandu, lisungidwa.

Kumvetsa zimenezi si njira yongophunzitsa chabe, koma kumakonzekeretsa ophunzira, aphunzitsi, ndi nzika zimene zikufunika kuti zikhale ndi mbali m’demokrase moyenerera. ( Kaya mwa kufotokoza mfundo inayake yoperekedwa, kufunafuna chidziŵitso kudzera mwa FOIA, kapena kuchititsa akuluakulu a boma kuti adziimbidwa mlandu wa mmene malamulo akuyendetsera. Ofesi Yoyang’anira ntchito ndi mbali yogwira ntchito ya boma, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake mokhulupirika lamulo ndiko kumachititsa ulamuliro kukhala weniweni.