Table of Contents

Chiyambi: Maziko a Anthu N’ngofunika Kwambiri

Maprogramu a anthu akukhala ndi moyo wotukuka. Amasintha makwalala osadziŵika kukhala migwirizano yothandizana, kusintha malo opanda anthu kukhala malo osonkhanira, ndi kusintha nkhaŵa za anthu kukhala ntchito. Pamene kuli kwakuti zolembedwa zoyambirirazo zimakhudza mfundo zazikulu, chithunzi chonse cha mmene mapangidwe ameneŵa amafunikira kufufuzidwa kwa njira za ntchito, umboni wochititsa ziyambukiro zawo, ndi masitepe othandiza a nzika ndi atsogoleri angatengepo kuwalimbikitsa.

Ntchito ya Makhola

Maprogramu a chitaganya sangokhala msanganizo wa ntchito; ali njira zapadera zimene zimasamalira zofunika zazikulu za anthu kaamba ka kugwirizana, chifuno, ndi chisungiko. Pazowonadi zawo, amapanga zimene akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu amatcha likulu la anthu amakhalidwe a anthu [1] . Magulu a anthu amene amakhala ndi moyo ndi kugwira ntchito m’chitaganya china, kutheketsa chitaganyacho kugwira ntchito bwino. Nkhani yoyambirira inagogomezera kuchirikiza kugwirizana ndi anthu, kuchirikiza kuzoloŵerana, ndi kukulitsa mkhalidwe wa moyo. Mizati itatu imeneyi iyenera kuwonjezereka.

Kumanga Likulu la Mayanjano Kupyolera m’Chidziŵitso Chofanana

Maprogramu amene amagwirizanitsa anthu osiyanasiyana , mathirakiti, ma projekiti, ma shaki oyendera pamodzi , ma shopu ochitira zinthu zapambadwo, mamwaŵi a kuyanjana kofooka (odziŵana) ndi maunansi amphamvu (abwenzi apamtima) kukulitsa. Kufufuza kwa Saguaro Seminary pa Harvard Kennedy School [ kumasonyeza kuti anthu okhala ndi malikulu a anthu ambiri amasangalala ndi ziŵerengero zotsika za upandu, zotulukapo zabwinopo zaumoyo, ndi chuma chakumakula kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu yapafupi imachita zambiri kuposa kuletsa kuba; imakhazikitsa nyimbo yothokoza nthaŵi zonse yaubwenzi imene imalimbitsa chikhulupiriro pa nthaŵi.

Kukondera ndi Kuyenera

Maprogramu opindulitsa a chitaganya amagwira ntchito kuphatikizapo magulu otsika , mabanja olandira ndalama zochepa, okalamba, anthu olumala. Iwo amapereka mautumiki otembenuza, ndalama zotsatizana, malo ofikira, ndi ntchito zogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe. Kulankhulana sikuli kokha ngati kupezekapo; kuli kutsimikizira kuti mawu onse amapanga mapulogalamu. Kufufuza kochitidwa ndi [FLD:0] National Reast and Park Association kunapeza kuti maprogramu ophatikizapo akuwonjezeka ndi 40% ya anthu opezekapo, olimbitsa mwachindunji mapulogalamu a m'dera.

Kulimbikitsa Moyo Wosatha Kupyola Matabwa

Moyo wabwino ndi njira yophatikizapo thanzi lakuthupi, thanzi labwino la maganizo, mwaŵi wa zachuma, ndi kutetezereka kwa malo okhala. Maprogramu a chitaganya amakhudza chimodzi ndi chimodzi cha zinthu zimenezi. Mwachitsanzo, kalasi ya joga yaulere m’paki imawongolera thanzi lakuthupi ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo; kampani ya ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito; kukongoletsa kwa makwalala ndi kuwongolera mpweya. Chiwonjezeko ndicho malo kumene nzikazo sizimakhala ndi moyo komanso zimakula bwino.

Mitundu ya Maprogramu a M’deralo: Kuwoneka Bwino Koposa

Mndandanda woyambirira unaphatikizapo thanzi ndi kulemera, maphunziro, maluso, chikhalidwe, malo okhala, ndi ntchito za anthu.

Makonzedwe a Thanzi ndi Ubwino

  • Magulu aukulu: Kuyenda m'makiradi, timu zothamanga, kumasula makalasi a Zuba m'mapaki.
  • [[FL:0] Thandizo la thanzi la m'mazira: Magulu ochirikiza ausinkhu wako, malo ochitira ndandanda, maseminale osamalira kupsinjika maganizo.
  • Makalasi a Cooking, maprogramu a khichini, SNAP.

Maprogramu ameneŵa amagwira ntchito makamaka pamene agwirizana ndi osamalira zaumoyo a kumaloko. Mwachitsanzo, CDC Makonzedwe a Chitukuko cha Umoyo cha CDC [1] kaŵirikaŵiri amagwirizanitsa minda ya anthu monga njira yochepetsera zipululu za chakudya ndi kuwonjezera chakudya cha masamba.

Programu ya Maphunziro

  • Ukhanda udakali waung'ono: Maola a Akhasi, makolo ndi ana oseŵera, makalasi okonzekera sukulu.
  • K-12 chilikizo:[[FLT :1] Pambuyo pa maphunziro a sukulu, makadi a STEM, chitsogozo cha kufunsira kwa koleji.
  • [[FLT: 0] Maphunziro a Adult:[[FT:1] GED prep, Chingelezi monga Chingelezi (ESL) , ma shopu olemba mabuku.
  • Maphunziro: Kuphunzitsa zaluso, maphunziro a moyo wonse, makalabu a mabuku.

Maprogramu a maphunziro amathetsa mpata wa mwaŵi. kufufuza kwa nthaŵi yaitali kochitidwa ndi Brookings Institution kunapeza kuti ophunzira amene anakhala ndi phande m’maprogramu a pambuyo pa sukulu anali ndi mapwando a ku sekondale 12% a ku sekondale omaliza maphunziro kuposa anzawo amene sanatero.

Zojambula ndi Maprogramu a Chikhalidwe

Maprogramu ameneŵa amakondwerera kudziŵika kwa anthu ndi kulimbikitsa kujambula. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo maula, usiku wotseguka, mabwalo a maseŵero, makalasi ovina, ndi mapwando a chikhalidwe. Akhozanso kutumikira monga oyendetsa zachuma: malo aluso amakopa alendo ndi anthu atsopano. National Endowment for the Arts [FLT :1] maripoti akuti maluso ndi zikhalidwe zosapindulitsa zimatulutsa $166 biliyoni [3] pa ntchito zachuma chaka chilichonse.

Maprogramu a Zachilengedwe

  • Mapindu a chikole: Patsani zipatso zatsopano, malo obiriŵira, ndi cholinga chimodzi.
  • [[MT.0] Kubzala ndi kuyeretsa paki: Kuwongolera mpweya wabwino ndi malo okhala.
  • Maphunziro osasinthika: Mabungwe opangira zinthu, maprojekiti a magetsi, kukonzanso zinthu.
  • Kukongola kwa madera akutali: Kubzala maluŵa, kuwongokera kwa kutsogolo, kuikidwa kwa zojambula za anthu.

Maprogramu a malo okhala amalimbitsanso nyengo.

Ntchito Zotumikira M’deralo

Izi zimayambira pa zochitika za nthaŵi imodzi (paki ya Loŵeruka) kufikira mapulogalamu opitirizabe (apt-astreet). Maprojekiti autumiki amapanga lingaliro la kulinganiza ndi kukhutiritsa kwa [1] chikhulupiriro chakuti nzika zingathetse mavuto pamodzi. Chiyambukiro pa pangano la boma nchosatha: madera okhala ndi ntchito zautumiki zokangalika amaona wovota wowonjezereka ndi kukhala ndi phande m'misonkhano ya boma yakumaloko.

Mapindu Ochepa kwa Anthu Oyandikana Nawo

Maprogramu a chitaganya amapindulitsa kwambiri kuposa munthu aliyense payekha. Amasintha nsalu ya malo onse. Pansipa pali umboni wosonyeza zinthu zimene sizikuchitika m’malo oyambirira.

Ankapeza Thanzi Labwino Ndiponso Lamaganizo

Kutengamo mbali m'maprogramu a m'chitaganya kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutsika kwa kunenepa, kuthamanga kwa mwazi, ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Masewera a meta-analysis mu kampani American Journal of Community Psychology [ anapeza kuti anthu okhala m'maprogramu a m'dera loyandikana ndi anthu akudwala anasimba 25% ndi 30% ya mtengo wa chithandizo cha mankhwala. Madongosolowo amaphatikizapo ntchito yowonjezereka yakuthupi, makampani ochirikiza anthu, ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo.

Kuloŵa M’gulu la Opangana Owonjezereka

Pamene nzika zitengamo mbali m'maprogramu, iwo amazindikira kwambiri za nkhani za kumaloko ndi kufunitsitsa kuchirikiza kusintha. Zimenezi zingatsogolere ku kulembetsa kowonjezereka kwa ovota, kufika pa misonkhano ya m'mizinda, ndi kuyesayesa kwa nzika zambiri. Kufufuza kochokera ku mzinda wa Portsmouth, New Hampshire, kunasonyeza kuti pambuyo poyambitsa programu ya bungwe la mnansi, chiŵerengero cha nzika zopezeka pa misonkhano ya chitukuko chinawonjezereka kuŵirikiza katatu m’zaka ziŵiri.

Kudalira Kwambiri Chuma cha M’deralo

Maprogramu a chitaganya angasonkhezere chitukuko cha chuma cha kumaloko m’njira zingapo:

  • Ndalama zowonongedwa: misika ya alimi, zionetsero za zopangapanga, ndi mapwando zimabweretsa ndalama ku chuma chakumaloko.
  • Kulenga kwa Job: Programu zimagwira ntchito ogwirizanitsa, alangizi, ndi antchito okonza.
  • Mitengo ya chuma yowonjezereka: [[FLT :1] Malo okhala ndi malo ndi maprogramu okangalika amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mapindu a chuma chapamwamba. Kufufuza mu Landscape ndi Urban Planning [ anapeza kuti kuyandikira ku munda wa malo owonjezera chuma cha anthu ndi 3-5%.
  • Malo okongola a malonda: malo ozungulira amachititsa mabizinesi aang'ono ndi mayambidwe.

Kutetezeka kwa Anthu Okhala M’dera Lina

Kugwirizana kwa chikhalidwe ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro zamphamvu kwambiri za ziŵerengero zocheperapo za upandu. Programu zimene zimapanga kuyanjana kwabwino kwanthaŵi zonse pakati pa anansi , magulu oyenda, kugawana kulima ndi kuwonjezera ulamuliro wamwaŵi. National Criminal Justice Reference Service imadziŵitsa kuti madera okhala ndi maprogramu aumoyo a anthu okangalika akuona 15-20% wa upandu wa katundu ndi 10% wa upandu wachiwawa.

Maprogramu Achipambano a M’chitaganya Akutsatiridwa

Zitsanzo zenizeni za dziko zimasonyeza mmene mapulinsipulo ameneŵa amakhalira a moyo. Nkhani yoyamba inandandalika mafashoni a Adelaide Watch, Farmers's Market, After-School Programs, ndi Community Gardens. Pano pali maphunziro owonjezereka a nkhani ndi kuzama kowonjezereka ndi zitsanzo zatsopano.

Programu Zowonerera M’dera: Zoposa Kuchuluka

Maprogramu a oonerera amakono a m'deralo asintha kupyola pa kukayikira ntchito. Tsopano amaphatikizapo madongosolo a oyendetsa sitima zotsekereza, kukonzekera kwamwadzidzidzi, ndi zochitika zimene zimapanga chidaliro. Kudera la Dorchester ku Boston, programu yotchedwa "Boston’s Safite Street Counts" imaphatikiza ntchito za alonda ndi achinyamata olangiza ndi masiku aukhondo, zomwe zimatulukapo kutsika kwa 40% m'kuba zaka zisanu.

Alimi Amachita Msika

Alimi amachita zambiri kuposa kugulitsa zokolola. Iwo amagwira ntchito monga malo osonkhanira kumene nzika za kumaloko zimakumana ndi alimi, amayesa kukonza zakudya, amamvetsera nyimbo, ndi kuphunzira za chakudya. Mamisika ambiri tsopano amalandira SNAP/EBT ndi kupereka maprogramu ofanana kuti awonjezere chakudya cha mabanja opeza ndalama zochepa. Msika wa Detroit’s Eastern Markest ukopa alendo oposa 45,000 mlungu uliwonse ndipo wabwezeretsa malo onse okhala, kuphatikizapo malesitilanti ndi nyumba zatsopano.

Maprogramu a Sukulu Atatha: Kutseka Mpata wa Zochita

Maprogramu apamwamba a pambuyo pa sukulu amapereka chichirikizo cha maphunziro, ntchito zolemeretsa, ndi kuyang'anira kotetezereka. Chitsanzo chimodzi ndicho "Boys & Girls Clubs of America," amene amagwira ntchito m'madera osasamalidwa ndi kupereka ntchito ya homuweki, maseŵera, maluso, ndi kufufuza ntchito. Kuphunzira kwanthaŵi yaitali kwa gululo kunapeza kuti ziŵalo za Club zili ndi mwaŵi wowonjezereka kuŵirikiza nthaŵi 2.4 kukhala ndi digiri ya deti ya SHPrinity kuposa osakhala ziŵalo zina.

Minda Yam’mudzi: Kulima Sichakudya Chakudya Chachikulu

Mapindu a m'derali amatulutsa ndiwo zamasamba, koma phindu lawo lalikulu ndilo kucheza. Mu New York City, pulogalamu ya "WreenThumb" imayang'anira minda yoposa 550. Kufufuza kwa anthu opanga maluŵa kunapeza kuti olima maluwa achita kuchuluka kwa malo oyandikana ndi anthu ndipo ali ndi mwayi wowonjezereka wa 30 peresenti wodzifunira ntchito zina. Maluwa a m'dimba amachepetsanso kusungunuka kwa madzi ndi kupatsa malo osungirako mungu.

Kusamalira Malaibulale ndi Kukonza Kafasi

Chiyambi cha programu ya chitaganya ndicho laibulale ya ziŵiya, kumene nzika zingabwereke zipangizo zamagetsi, zipangizo za m'maluŵa, ndi zipangizo za m’khichini. Kuyesayesa kumeneku kumachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama, kusunga ndalama, ndi kuthandizira. Kukonza Cafés, kumene anthu odzipereka amakonza zinthu zothyoka (electronics, zovala, mipando), kuphatikiza pamodzi kukhazikika ndi kugwirizana kwa anthu. Malaibulale a " ali ndi ziŵalo zoposa 1,000 ndipo awononga matani a zinyalala kuchokera ku zogumula.

Mmene Mungaloŵetsere: Chitsogozo Chapang’onopang’ono

Kugwira nawo ntchito m’deralo n’kosavuta kuposa mmene anthu ambiri amaganizira.

Sitepe 1: Muŵerenge Malo Anu

Dziwani zimene zilipo kale kwanuko. Gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo za pa Intaneti monga Meetup [1], magulu a Facebook akwanu, kapena webusaiti ya Facebook ya mzinda wanu ndi malo ochezera. Pitani zinthu zitatu zosiyanasiyana musanasankhe kumene mungalowemo.

Sitepe 2: Yambani ndi Zinthu Zochepa

Ngati mukufuna kuyamba pulogalamu, yambani ndi chochitika chimodzi mmalo mwa chinthu chimodzi chopitirizabe. Mwachitsanzo, linganizani paki yanthaŵi imodzi kuyeretsa mmalo mwa kuyambitsa kalabu ya m'munda wa maluŵa mlungu uliwonse.

Mfundo 3: Muzithandizana

Anzanu a m’makampani, masukulu, kapena mabungwe achipembedzo angapereke chuma ndi kukhulupirika. Wochirikiza ndalama (monga wopanga phindu) angalandire zopereka ndi kupereka chiwongola dzanja.

Mfundo Yachinayi: Kupeza Ndalama Zokwanira

Maprogramu ambiri amagwira ntchito pa bajeti ya nsapato, ndipo mwina amaphatikizapo izi:

  • Boma la kumaloko limapatsa: mizinda yambiri ili ndi ndalama zochepa za ntchito za m'dera (m., $500-$5,000).
  • Kukongola: Masinthidwe onga GoFound Me kapena Patrion angapeze ndalama kaamba ka zosoŵa zenizeni.
  • Zopereka za m'gulu: Makampani akumeneko angapereke zopereka, zoziziritsira, kapena malo.
  • Maziko a chigwirizano: Penyetsani ndi maziko a chigawo chanu kaamba ka ndalama zoperekedwa.

Mfundo 5: Muzilimbikitsa Anthu Onse

Gwiritsirani ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana: makampani oulutsa zinthu, makompyuta, manyuzipepala, manyuzipepala a m’dera lanu, ndi mawu a pakamwa.

Mfundo 6: Muzisinthasintha

Pakatha zochitika, fufuzani zinthu mwachidule kapena mwa kukambirana mwamwayi, kuwerenga anthu osiyanasiyana, ndiponso kukhutira ndi zimene mwapeza.

Kugonjetsa Mavuto Ofala

Nkhani yoyamba inatchula kusapereka ndalama, kudalirana kwa anthu, kulephera kupeza ndalama, ndi kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha anthu.

Kusoŵa kwa Ndalama: Njira Zopangira Zinthu

Kuposa pazopereka, talingalirani kugwirizana ndi mabizinesi akwanu amene angachirikize zochitika posinthana ndi kutchuka. Maprogramu aufulu angachepetse ndalama. "I laibulale yolembedwa maluso" (m’ lekuatiso, munthu wokhala m’dzikolo amene ali mphunzitsi wa yoga amapatsa makalasi aulere, wopala matayala aluso okonza) angaloŵere mmalo a aphunzitsi olipira. M’zochitika zambiri, ndalama zambiri zimakhala za inshuwalansi .

Kuchitira Umodzi M’chitaganya: Kukumana ndi Anthu Kumene Ali

Opezekapo ochepera kaŵirikaŵiri amachokera ku zopinga zonga kulinganiza kwa mikangano, zoyendera, kapena kusasamala ana. Aperekeni maprogramu pa nthaŵi zosiyanasiyana (masabata, masana), kupereka chakudya ndi ana, ndi kupeza zochitika pamalo osavuta kufika monga sukulu kapena malo a anthu. Kuloŵa pakhomo lopitako kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri, makamaka ngati mutsogoleredwa ndi anansi odalirika.

Kulephera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Malo: Luso la Zachipatala

Mapulogalamu ambiri a pulogalamu imeneyi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda nyumba yopatulidwa.

Kusintha Ufulu wa Anthu: Khalanibe Okonzeka Kusintha

Anthu achilendo asinthasintha. Anthu a m’mayiko atsopano angachititse kuti pakhale zinenero zosiyanasiyana, chikhalidwe chawo, kapena kuti azikhala ndi moyo wapamwamba. Nthawi zambiri amafunika kupendanso zinthu monga kufufuza, kuyang’anira, kapena kumvetsera mwamwayi. Zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito popanga zinthu komanso utsogoleri wosiyanasiyana wa chikhalidwe n’zofunika kwambiri.

Ntchito ya Zipangizo zamakono m’Maprogramu a Anthu Amakono

Zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zingathandize kuti mapulogalamu a m’deralo agwire ntchito bwino:

  • Mapulatifomu a kugwirizanitsa: Kutsogolo, Facebook Group, ndi What App amagwiritsiridwa ntchito kulinganiza zochitika, kugawana zipangizo, ndi kukambitsirana nkhaŵa.
  • Asayansi aluso: Malembo onga thumba la Skill kapena malo ogwirira ntchito a pa Intaneti alola anthu kukhala akuphunzitsa kapena kuphunzira kuchokera kunyumba.
  • Zopereka: [[FLT :1] Mafomu a Google ang'onoang zingapezeretu maola a kudzipereka, ogaŵa, ndi ovomereza.
  • [[MLT:0] Misonkhano yosatha: kapena Google Meeting angawonjezerepo m'misonkhano ya person, makamaka kaamba ka kukonzekera makomiti kapena achikulire okhala ndi nkhani za kuyenda.
  • [[MLT:0] Mapulo a zinthu zamtengo wapatali: Mawebusaiti amene amapusitsa chuma cha chitaganya (mapark, malo osonkhanira, antchito odzifunira aluso) amathandiza nzika kupeza mipata.

Komabe, zipangizo zamakono ziyenera kugwirizana ndi zinthu zimene zikugwirizana ndi zinthu zina. Mapulogalamu amphamvu kwambiri a m'derali amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono kuti alimbitse zipangizo zoyendera, osati kuti alowe mmalo mwake.

Kupima Mmene Maprogramu a M’deralo Ankakhudzira

Kuti ndalama ndi chichirikizo zichirikize, maprogramu afunikira kusonyeza phindu lake. Mametrics angakhale opima kapena oyerekezera.

Zisonyezero za Chigawo

  • Chiŵerengero cha otengamo mbali (papita nthaŵi)
  • Kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe (mtundu, fuko, ndalama)
  • Maola aufulu anathandizira
  • Mathithi a chakudya chodulidwa (minda) kapena zinyalala zochotsedwa (zotsuka)
  • Zochitika zochitidwa ndi ziŵerengero za opezekapo
  • Kufufuza zotsatirapo (m’njira, kulembedwa bwino, kudzimva kukhala woyenerera)

Zisonyezero Zokhala ndi Chiŵerengero

  • Anthu a m’derali anajambula zithunzi za anthu amene ankakhalamo
  • Nkhani za kugwirizana kwa anansi (m’njira, nzika imene inakumana ndi mnansi paprogramu ndipo pambuyo pake inalandira chithandizo pamene ngozi inagwa)
  • Kuona kusintha kwa khalidwe la anthu (anthu ambiri akuyenda, ana ambiri akuseŵera kunja)
  • Zombo zogwirira ntchito pamodzi zinakhazikitsidwa (masukulu, mabizinesi, mabungwe a boma)

Kuchitira lipoti kwanthaŵi zonse kwa osunga malo , boma lakumaloko, nzika . kumakulitsa kuwonekera ndi chidaliro. Kuuza ena nkhani zachipambano kumalimbikitsanso ena kuloŵetsedwamo.

Mapeto ake: Masomphenya a Nthaŵi Yaitali

Maprogramu a chitaganya saali okonza mwamsanga koma kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Amafuna khama, kusintha ndi kugwirizana. Komabe umboni ngwakuti: pamene nzika zigwirizana pa maprogramu amodzi, zimapanga madera omwe ali abwinopo, athanzi labwino, ndi osasintha. Chopinga chilichonse chingakhale ndi mphamvu ya kukhala chitaganya ngati nzikazo zisankha kuchitapo kanthu. Maprogramu ofotokozedwa m'nkhani ino ndi "kuyang'anira minda ya minda ya m'magawo a sukulu, koma maziko enieni ndiwo kufunitsitsa kwa munthu kuyanjana, kuthandiza, ndi kukula pamodzi. Mwakukulitsa chidziŵitso chanu cha zoyesayesa zimenezi ndi kuchitapo kanthu kapena kutsogolera, mumakhala mbali yamphamvu imene imalimbikitsa moyo wanu koma moyo wanu wozungulira.