Masoka . kaya mphepo zamkuntho, moto wotentha, kuukira kwa pa Intaneti, kapena miliri popanda chenjezo ndi kuyesa mphamvu ya boma. Pamene kuli kwakuti oyankha oyamba ndi mabungwe a boma achita mbali zazikulu, ndi maulamuliro a boma ndi ndi amene ali akuluakulu a boma a boma [ amene ali ndi udindo waukulu ndi ntchito yoteteza miyoyo, katundu, ndi kukhazikika kwa chuma m’malire awo. Pambuyo, ndiponso pambuyo pa tsoka amatsimikizira mmene boma lingagwiritsirire bwino, kuyankha mokakamizidwa, ndi kumanganso mwamphamvu. Nkhaniyi ikupenda mmene akazembe, oyang'anira za zangozi, ndi akuluakulu ena a boma a boma amakonzera mavuto, zitokosoko, ndi ntchito zazikulu zimene amayang’anizana nazo, zivutoko, ndi njira zenizeni zimene amayendera bwino kwambiri zoyang'anira atsogoleri a anthu otsogolera.

Maboma amakhazikitsa njira yokonzekerera zinthu zapamsewu, kugwirizanitsa mapangano a boma. Popanda kukonzekera, ngakhale zolinga zawo zabwino, ngakhalenso zogwirizana kwambiri zikhoza kutha pakagwa tsoka.

Ntchito Yowonjezereka ya Akuluakulu a Boma m’Kukonzekera Masoka

M'mbiri, kuyang'anira tsoka kunaonedwa kwakukulukulu monga ntchito ya kumaloko, ndi maulamuliro akugwira ntchito monga ogwirizanitsa. Komabe, kuwonjezereka ndi kuwopsa kwa zowopsa zazikulu , zochititsidwa ndi kusintha kwa nyengo, kuwonjezeka kwa anthu, ndi zipatala zowopsya. Kwachititsa maulamuliro a boma kutsogolera. Kazembe, monga mkulu wa boma, amalamulira ulamuliro wa boma kulengeza zamwadzidzidzi, kutumiza malamulo a National Guard, kuimika, ndi kubwezera ndalama. Koma maprogramu a utsogoleri a boma amaphatikizaponso [[FLT:] oyang'anira zamwambo [[FL:] [FL: 1] [12] [7] (momwe amaikidwa ndi kaŵiri ndi kachiŵiri ndi kazembe), kuchiritsa, [FLT:], , gulu lonse la opanga maulamuliro a magetsi, ndi kukonza pulogalamu: [F.]

Makonzedwe a ngozi zamakono ayeneranso kulinganiza makonzedwe a boma ndi madongosolo achilengedwe komanso zochitika za pa Intaneti, zochitika zogwira ntchito, kutayika kwa makemikolo, ndi ngozi zaumoyo wa anthu. Maulamuliro a boma ali ndi thayo la kutsimikizira kuti mapulani achuluka, ogwirizana, ndi okhoza kusintha kuti agwirizane ndi kubuka kwa ziwopsezo. Ayeneranso kulinganiza mapulani a boma ndi malo a dzikolo monga Paraviation Frames ndi . .MENE akusinthanitsa madongosolo a National Manage Management system .

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Zigwirizano ndi Kukonzekera Mwalamulo

Imodzi ya ntchito zokhazikitsidwa za maulamuliro a boma ndiyo kulengedwa ndi kukonzedwa kopitirizabe kwa malamulo amene amalamulira ntchito zamwadzidzidzi. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsa malamulo a zamwadzidzidzi ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo, , [[FLT]] .Spect system ndi njira zosamalira zazikulu za boma [[, [[FLT]], [malamulo a mkulu operekedwa ndi kanthaŵi kochepa ndi kazembe za ntchito za boma, ndi kutsimikizira ntchito zofunika zapasa. Mwachitsanzo, malamulo a mkulu operekedwa ndi kanthaŵi kofunikira kwa anthu odziŵa za mankhwala, kapena zopereka za kuyendetsa zinthu zapansi kwa nthaŵi, kapena zopereka za nthaŵi ya kusoŵa.

Kukula kwa lamulo kumaphatikizaponso kupanga madongosolo a zopereka za chuma: mmene ndalama kuchokera ku cholembera cha tsoka cha boma zingafikiridwire mofulumira. Maboma ambiri atengera [[FLT: 0] Kusintha kwa Uyang'anira Malo Aunyinji kuyenera kutsimikizira kuti malamulo ameneŵa alembedwa bwino m'boma [[[FLT: 1] ndi kugwiritsira ntchito [[FLT] Makonzedwe a Malo Opase Osinthitsa Owonongeka [[FLT:]] ndi kuti agwirizana ndi [FLT:] Actford ndi Act: [FLT] [FLT]]

Kuwonjezerapo, mabwana akugwiritsidwa ntchito mowonjezereka ndi kulinganiza kwamphamvu m'mapangano a tsoka. Anthu olandira ndalama zochepa, okalamba, ndi anthu opunduka kaŵirikaŵiri amayang'anizana ndi maupandu aakulu. Atsogoleri a boma otsogolera oganiza akuphatikizapo zilozero za kusoŵa kwa anthu ndi zofunikira za kutulukira m'makonzedwe okonzekera kutsekera mipata imeneyi.

Kusintha Malo Opangira Zinthu ndi Kukonza Manda

Kukonzekera dala tsoka sikungachitike popanda ndalama zokwanira, antchito, ndi zipangizo. Maulamuliro a boma amayang'anira ntchito ya bajeti ya zaka zambiri imene imasankha kuti ndi zochuluka motani zimene zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'maprojekiti a boma (m., zopinga za madzi, kuchepetsa mafuta a moto) ndi mphamvu zotha kuyankha (mphindi, kufufuza ndi kupulumutsa, mankhwala odziwitsa). Iwo amasankhanso mmene angaperekere antchito a boma kuti akonzere ntchito, kuphatikizapo maprogramu ophunzitsa makampani a zangozi ndi othandizira anthu oyamba.

Pakagwa tsoka, akazembe ali ndi ulamuliro wotumiza ndalama pakati pa mabungwe a boma ndi kusonkhezera National Guard . National Guard ndi chuma chapadera chimene kazembe yekha angalamulire (opanda ulamuliro), ndipo mbali yake m'kuyankha tsoka yakula. Maulamuliro ayenera kutsimikizira kuti magulu a a alonda amaphunzitsidwa kaamba ka ntchito zonse ziŵiri zankhondo ndi kuchirikiza boma, kuphatikizapo kutsutsana ndi kutha kwa moto, , [FLT:] kutetezera, [FLT:] , [FLT:]] kuthawa kwa madokota. [FLT:], [FLT], [FL:]

Mabwana a boma amayang'aniranso Miyulu ya zinthu [1] [1] zonse kuyambira pa mabakishoni ndi majenareta mpaka ku zipatala zoyenda ndi makalavani. Ayenera kutsimikizira kuti zipangizo zimenezi zaikidwa m'malo oyenera ndi kuti maprogramu okonza zinthu n’zolimba. Kuwonjezera apo, amayendetsa ntchito yotenga [[FLT:] zothetsera nzeru za dziko [ mofanana ndi njira zodziŵira malo osungira zinthu zapansi (GIS) kuti apereke madongosolo ochenjeza, ndi maprogramune oyendetsa zinthu. Kulephera kupereka ndalama zothandizira kukonza malo, mwachitsanzo, kungasiya boma losavuta kukonza zinthu panthaŵi ya ngozi.

Kugwirizana ndi Lamulo Logwirizana

Palibe bungwe limodzi limene lingasamalire tsoka lalikulu lokha. Mabwana a boma ali ndi udindo wokhazikitsa ndi kutsogolera nyumba za malamulo [[FLT:] zimene zimasonkhanitsa mabungwe ambiri . polisi a boma, zoyendera, zaumoyo, chitetezo, mautumiki a anthu, ndi zina zambiri. Kugwirizana kumeneku kumachitika kudzera pa State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC), imene imakhala maziko a chidziŵitso ndi kupanga zosankha.

Akuluakulu amakhazikitsa [[[FLT: 0] nduna ya boma (monga ngati chitetezo cha dzikolo) kuyang'anira kugwirizana. Kupambana kwa zoyesayesa zimenezi kumadalira pa kukhulupirirana, malamulo ogwirizanitsa, ndi kugwirizanitsa kwanthaŵi zonse. Maulamuliro ayeneranso kugwirizana ndi [[FLT:] mabungwe a zachuma [[FLT:]] . [[FFLT: 4.] FOLT] F [FFF:5]] [ma] [mapyrog] [ma] kupyola [FLT:] Ofet Office [FLT] OFF:7] ndi [FFFF:] OK] OK] Octive. [zition:]

Kuwonjezerapo, maulamuliro a boma ayenera kuloŵa m'maboma a malo amodzi . Maboma ndi mizinda ndi opereka chithandizo cha boma, ndipo amadalira pa kuchirikiza zinthu ndi chitsogozo cha boma. Olamulira angagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zawo zogwirizanitsa mameya, akuluakulu a boma, ndi atsogoleri a mafuko kuti apange [makonzedwe a zamwadzidzidzi a m'dzikolo omwe ali ogwirizana ndi mapulani a boma. Ena apanga zigawo zatsoka.

Utsogoleri ndi Kulankhulana Kwapoyera

Pa nthawi ya tsoka, anthu amayang'ana kwa akuluakulu a boma kuti adziwe, awatsimikizire, ndi kuwatsogolera. Kulankhulana bwino, kosasintha ndiponso kwa panthaŵi yake kungapulumutse miyoyo mwa kuthandiza anthu kupanga zosankha zodziwika bwino za kuthawa kwawo, kubisa malo obisala, ndi njira zodzitetezera. Olamulira ndi oimira awo afunika kudziŵa bwino kulankhulana ndi anthu ovutika kwambiri powafotokozera nkhani zosavuta za ngozi m’chinenero chosavuta pomangirira chidaliro.

Maulamuliro a boma alinso ndi thayo la kusunga [[FLT: 0] madongosolo auchigawenga ndi ochenjeza anthu , monga ngati ] Opanda Malonda a Emergency [ [WA] (WANT]) ndi [[FLT]] FULT System , [FLT]] EFOLT [[FLT:]] [FLT]] [EG] [EG] [EFOLT]]. [FT] Madongosolo ameneŵa ayenera kuyesedwa nthaŵi zonse ndi kugwirizana ndi maluso akumudzi. [FLT] OF: [FLT]

Mbali ina yowopsya ndi utsogoleri wandale zadziko . Olamulira ayenera kusonyeza chifundo, kukhoza, ndi kuwonekera. Nthaŵi zambiri amasindikiza macheke, malo oyambukiridwa, ndi kugwirizana ndi pulezidenti ndi akuluakulu a boma kusonyeza yankho logwirizana. Kulephera kwa ndale zadziko kuchokera ku zowoneka kukhala zolephera kungakhale kowopsa, koma utsogoleri wachipambano angalimbitse chidaliro cha anthu.

Kumanga Maunansi Oposa Boma

Palibe boma limene lingakonzekere mokwanira kaamba ka tsoka popanda kuloŵa m'mabungwe a boma [[FLT:]. Maulamuliro a boma amachirikiza mayanjano ameneŵa ku , chigawo cha aliyense payekha [, ndi [[[FLT:] magulu a] ogwirizana [[FLT] [[FLT:]] ndi [mapangano a] chuma cha makampani onga [[FLT:] [FFF:9], [FFUP], [FFUP], [FF], ndi . [FFF.:]

Mabungwe agwirizana amafikiranso ku mabungwe ofufuza amene amapereka ukatswiri m'maupandu, thanzi la anthu, ndi unjiniya. Mwachitsanzo, kugwirizanitsa kwa Florida [ ndi boma lofufuza mphepo, pamene [[FLT:]] [[FLT]] [4] A&M University imayendetsa ntchito yowonjezera ntchito yochirikiza mapendedwe a zinthu pambuyo pa masoka. Mabungwe a boma angapange mabungwe [[FLT:] kupanga mapangano [[FLT:]] kupanga mapangano ogwirizana ndi kutsimikizira maumboni a sayansi ameneŵa ndi kutsimikizira kuti apereke umboni wa sayansi.

Kuwonjezerapo, maboma amatengamo mbali m'mapepala a state monga ngati [[FT:2] Emergist Management Transplation COMPLET [EMAC], amene amalola maboma kugawana zinthu pa nthaŵi ya masoka. Olamulira ayenera kuvomereza pempho la chithandizo ndi kutsimikizira kuti boma lawo likhoza kupereka ndi kulandira chithandizo mogwira mtima. EMAC yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kaamba ka antchito, zipangizo, ndi zinthu zina mkati mwa mphepo, mafunde, ndi mliri wa CHOVAD.

Mavuto Amene Boma Likukumana Nawo Pokonzekera Masoka

Ngakhale kuti cholinga chawo n’chothandiza kwambiri, akuluakulu a boma amakumana ndi mavuto aakulu amene angafooketse zolinga zawo ngakhale zitakhala zamphamvu kwambiri.

Kupereŵera ndi Kupikisana kwa Chuma

Malamulo kaŵirikaŵiri amasokonezedwa ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri monga kuyendetsa zinthu zofunika kwambiri . Kukonzekera kwa kampani, zaumoyo, ndi chitetezo cha anthu. Tsoka limawonongeka kaŵirikaŵiri chifukwa chakuti mapindu ake ndi aatali ndipo osati oonekera. Maulamuliro ayenera kupanga malonda ovuta, kulinganiza kuikizira ndalama (zimene zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mtsogolo) ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zimene anthu amafunikira mwamsanga. Mabanjawo amapatsa ngati [[FLT: 0] Preaster Mitaster [tsopano] [FLT:] Kukonzansonso Intactive ndi Malo owonjezereka a ngozi. [FLT]

Zitsenderezo Zandale ndi Kulingalira Kwachidule

Kukonzekera tsoka kumafuna chisamaliro chokhalitsa pa maulamuliro ambiri. Komabe, nthaŵi zambiri ndale zimalimbikitsa kuganiza kwa kanthaŵi kochepa. Kazembe angayang'anizane ndi chitsenderezo cha kuchepetsa bajeti yokonzekera kupereka chithandizo cha msonkho kapena maprogramu otchuka. Ndiponso, kuyankha tsoka kumaonekera kwambiri ndi kugamulidwa ndi ndale; akuluakulu angaikidwe mlandu chifukwa cha kuchedwa kuyankha kapena kusoŵa chifundo. Zimenezi zingatsogolere ku kutetezera kupanga zosankha mmalo mwa kuchepetsa ngozi kwa nthaŵi yaitali.

Kugaŵanitsa kungalepheretsenso mgwirizano. M'mayiko ena, akazembe ndi akuluakulu a boma ochokera m’madera osiyanasiyana angavutike kuti agwirizane, kuchedwa kuyankha. Mofananamo, mavuto a boma angabuke chifukwa cha zilengezo, njira zoyendetsera ndalama, ndi kuyendetsa ntchito. Akuluakulu a boma ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zimenezi poyang’anira chitetezo chapoyera.

Kusintha kwa Malo Oopsa Mofulumira

Matsoka akusintha. Kusintha kwa nyengo kukuwonjezera mphepo, moto wa mkuntho, madzi, ndi zigumula. Ziwopsezo za Cyber zikukula kwambiri, zikumavutitsa boma ndi ziwiya zowopsa monga mazira ndi madzi. Mliri wa Covid . Mliri wa COVID wovumbula zofooka m'madongosolo a zaumoyo a anthu onse ndi kubweretsa unyolo. Maboma ayenera kupitirizabe kukonza njira zothetsera ngozi zimenezi zimene zikubuka, kaŵirikaŵiri popanda chidziŵitso chokwanira kapena zitsanzo zodziŵira.

Mwachitsanzo, boma limene linachita kukonzekera mphepo zamkuntho panopa liyeneranso kukonza zoti makompyuta asiye kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi komanso kuti anthu onse azivutika ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Kudabwitsa kwa Kugwirizana

Kuyankha tsoka kumaphatikizapo anthu ambiri osokonezeka. [FLT: 0] National Incident Management Management System [FLT:] (NZIM) Iliyonse ili ndi maulamuliro osiyanasiyana, miyambo, ndi njira zolankhulirana. Maulamuliro a boma ayenera kukhazikitsa ntchito zooneka bwino ndi udindo, koma chiŵerengero cha anthu oseŵerawo chikhoza kusokoneza. National Incident Management Management Management System [1] (NZI) imapereka maziko ofanana, koma si onse amene akugwira nawo ntchito yophunzitsa mfundo zofanana. Oyang'anira ayenera kuyendetsa ntchito zamakono kuti apange njira zokumbukira ndi kukhulupirira.

Kuwonjezerapo, mabwana a boma ayenera kuyang'anira ziphunzitso za chithandizo chimodzi. Pakachitika tsoka lofala, maboma ambiri angafunikire zipangizo panthaŵi imodzi, kukakamiza EMAC . Ofesi ya bwanamkubwa ifunikira kukhala ndi kulinganiza kolimba ndi timu yopatulidwa kuti ilondole zinthu zobwera ndi zochoka.

Njira Zabwino Kwambiri kwa Oyang’anira Boma Zolimbikitsira Kukonzekera Masoka

Akuluakulu a boma akaphunzira zinthu zabwino ndi zolephera m’dziko lonselo, angagwiritse ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti akonze zinthu zimene zingawathandize kukonza bwino tsokalo.

Kukonzekera Kwabwino

Makonzedwe ogwira mtima amaphatikizapo osati kokha boma komanso mabizinesi, magulu a anthu, magulu ozikidwa pa chikhulupiriro, ndi anthu. Maulamuliro a boma ayenera kuchirikiza kulimba kwa mphamvu mwa kuchirikiza Corput [[FLT:] Programs , maprogramu a , [[FLT]] Commony Emetment Response Actives [ [CERT], ndi zolinga zokonzekera zaubwenzi]. Zinganso maphunziro atsoka m'sukulu ndi mkupilu wapo. Pamene zopatulidwa, zokwezedwa pa chuma za boma zikutsika.

Kuika Mayeso pa Kuika Moyo Pangozi

Kujambula kopita patsogolo kwa ziŵiya zopimira, kuchuluka kwa makampani, ndi zotsatirapo kulola akuluakulu a boma kuika zinthu zofunika kwambiri pamalo. Maboma ambiri tsopano amagwiritsira ntchito [[FLT: 0] Hazus (chiŵiya cha kuopsa kwa kuonera, ndi kupanga Makonzedwe a Mpata wa Mitigalamu amene amadziŵikitsa madera apamwamba a lirisiko ndi ntchito zopindulitsa. Maulamuliro ayenera kufuna kuti mabungwe awo oyang'anira zinthu akonzekeretsa nthaŵi ndi kugawana ndi mapulani a kumaloko.

Kulimbitsa Kulimbikira kwa Boma

Masoka angapangitse kuti boma lenilenilo likhale lopanda maziko. Maulamuliro ayenera kutsimikizira kuti [[FLT: 0] kuyendera limodzi kwa mapulani a boma kukuchitika, kuphatikizapo kutsatizana kwa utsogoleri, malo ena ogwirira ntchito, madongosolo olankhulana ndi otetezera. Maboma ambiri tsopano akugwiritsa ntchito kuyesa maluso ameneŵa. Mwachitsanzo, [[FLT: 4.] FLORIDA . ali ndi programu yopitiriza bwino lomwe imene imaphatikizapo ntchito zamwaŵiro.

Kusumika Maganizo pa Kudzitsekereza Koyambirira

Kuwononga ndalama kusanachitike tsoka kuli kopindulitsa kwambiri kuposa kulipirira kukonza. Ndalama iliyonse yowonongedwa pa kubwezera imathandiza kupulumutsa avereji ya $6 m'tsoka la mtsogolo, malinga ndi National Institute of Building Sciences [. Maulamuliro ayenera kuchirikiza malamulo amene amasungitsa ndalama [[FLT:] zogula zinthu [[FLT:]], [FLT], [FLT:] , [FLT:] .[FLT]] Programme projectives project yothandiza kulola dziko. [FLT:]

Luso la Umisiri wa Leverge ndi Kusintha

Luso la zopangapanga lingawongolere kwambiri. Maulamuliro a boma ayenera kuikiza ndalama zopangira masiku oopsa kwambiri oyendera madongosolo oyendera zinthu (m’ lekuatiso, mchenga, mageti a kugwedezetsa mpweya, mapulogalamu a mpweya), [[FLT:] [[FLT]] kubwezera chilango cha ma ma ma mapulogalamu a m'tsogolo [[FLT], ndi [FLT:]] mapulati a masitesheni [FL:5] amene angalole anthu kupereka thandizo. Kuwonjezerapo, [FLT:] [FLT:] ndi kupulumutsa [FFLT:]

Zitsanzo Zenizeni za Utsogoleri Wautsogoleri wa Boma

Maboma ambiri amapereka zitsanzo zophunzitsa za mmene utsogoleri wamkulu amasinthira tsoka. Mkati mwa nyengo yamoto wa California [[FLT: 0] 2020] , Bwanamkubwa Gavin Newsom anasonkhezera National Guide, akulandira thandizo la boma, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Fire Prevention Fee ndi [FLT :] program ya kuyendetsa zinthu [1]. Pamene kuli kwakuti mavuto anatsala, oyang'anira ake anayang'anira kukonzekera kupyolera ku maaaaactive.

Mu Florida[FLT :1], Bwana Ron DeSantis wagogomezera [ kulinganiza ndi floigiod [, kupanga [[FLT:]] Kalonga [kapena kuti] Kalonga [ka] Kayendetsekedwe ka zinthu [[[FLT]]] Kaudindo [] ndi kuikamo [makoma ndi kuchotsapo makoma . Chivomerezero cha chilo chakuyandikira ku chimphepo chokonzekera ndi kukwera kwa National Guwa ndi kukwera kwa chiwongo. Chivomezi chachi.

Mliri wa zaumoyo .CHOVAD woyesedwa akuluakulu a boma m'dziko lonselo. Olamulira a m'maboma onga Ohio, New York, ndi Washington anagwira ntchito ndi magulu awo a zaumoyo kuti ayambitse kupima, katemera, ndi mapulani a chipatala. Pamene kuli kwakuti zotsatirapo zinali zosiyana, awo amene anasungitsa ndandanda ya zinthu zisanawonongeke kwambiri. Chokumana nachocho chinagogomezera kuti thanzi la anthu onse liyenera kuikidwa m'makonzedwe a ngozi yaikulu.

Kuŵerenga kowonjezereka, zopereka kuchokera ku Olamulira a Dziko Association[FLT :1] ( nga.org]) zimapereka zotsogolera pa utsogoleri wa tsoka, ndi FEMA’ [[FLT:]] [FLT]] Chida cha magetsi [[FLT:] ] unitma.fema.vv]) [1] Apulogalate ndi machitidwe abwino koposa. [[FLT:] Komiti ya Audindo [FLT] ([FL:] [FFF:]

Kumaliza

Ntchito ya akuluakulu a boma pokonza za tsoka siingalembedwe mopitirira. Iwo ali otsogolera a gulu lovuta la magulu, maulamuliro, ndi katundu wa anthu. Mwakuyendetsa makampani, kugaŵira makampani, kugwirizanitsa kwa onse, ndi kugwirizana kwa anthu, akazembe ndi magulu awo a atsogoleri amapangitsa mikhalidwe ya kulimba. Komabe mavutowo ngofunika kwambiri: ndalama zochepetsedwa, kusokonezeka kwa ndale, kuopsa kokhudzana, ndi kuvuta kwa mgwirizano wa anthu. Kuti apambane, mabwana ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yonse, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa njira za kuletsa zinthu, luso la zoyendera umisiri, ndi kupitiriza kuyendetsa bwino boma. Mwa kuphunzira kuchokera ku zitsanzo zenizeni za dziko ndi kuwongolera, atsogoleri a boma angatsimikizire kuti maboma awo asakonzeke ndi mavuto ena.