Chiyambi: Mphamvu Yapadera ya Thanzi la Anthu Onse

National Guard ili ndi malo amodzi m'kachitidwe ka ngozi ku United States. Monga gulu la boma lamphamvu pansi pa lamulo la kazembe ndi gulu la chigawo la boma limene lingagwirizanitse ndi pulezidenti, Alonda amapereka mphamvu yokhoza kusinthika ndi yofulumira imene mabungwe a boma amasoŵa. Kuyambira masiku ake oyambirira, Alonda akhala akuitanidwa kuchirikiza thanzi la anthu pansi pa dziko lapansi poyambirira mawuwo "akaloŵa m'nthanthi yachisawawa. Kuyambira 1918 fulugalamu ku , National Guard wakhala akunyamula mizere ya kutsogolo, kunyamula ntchito zimene zimachokera ku kuima pamalo oyesera kuti apereke mankhwala, anthu ogulitsa makala, ndi kupereka maphunziro a zaumoyo kwa anthu osoŵa.

Mbali yokulirayi si yangozi. Ubwino wa polisi , kupezeka kwake m’boma lililonse ndi gawo, ndi kuchuluka kwa njira zake zamankhwala ndi zaumoyo, ndi kukhoza kwake kuukira mwamsanga pansi pa lamulo logwirizana, zimaipangitsa kukhala mnzawo wofunika kwambiri wa mabungwe monga Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Federal Emergency Managency Agency Agency (FEMA), ndi madipatimenti a zaumoyo. Pamene dziko likuyang'anizana ndi ziwopsezo zauchi zocholoŵana zauntha, kuphatikizapo kubuka kwa masoka opatsirana, ndi mliri wa opiid, kuzindikira mokwanira zopereka za National Guards ku umoyo kwa anthu onse, akuluakulu a zaumoyo, akuluakulu a za boma, ndi anthu wamba mofanana.

Zochitika Zakale: Kuteteza Dziko pa Matenda ndi Masoka

Kukula kwa Chilengedwe cha M’chaka cha 1918

Mayeso aakulu oyamba a ntchito ya apolisi a zaumoyo anabuka m’mliri wa fuluwenza wa 1918, umene unayambukira pafupifupi chigawo chimodzi mwa zitatu cha anthu padziko lonse. Panthaŵiyo, National Guard sanali gulu la boma logwirizana kwambiri, koma asilikali ambiri a boma anasonkhezeredwa kuthandiza kukhazikitsa, kumanga chipatala kwakanthaŵi, ndi chithandizo cha maliro. Oyang'anira misewu yoyendera malamulo a anthu, anathandiza antchito kuchulukitsa mawindo, ndi kunyamula odwala m'maambulansi a asilikali. Zokumana nazozo zinasonyeza kuti chilango cha asilikali ndi a zausilikali chikhoza kuchulukitsa kwambiri ntchito yaumoyo wa anthu wamba panthaŵi ya tsoka.

Mkati mwa Zana la Zana la Zana la 20: Matsoka Achilengedwe

M’ma 1940 ndi m'ma 1950, magulu a asilikali anathandiza kugaŵira mapapo achitsulo, anakhazikitsa malo odzipatula, ndi kupereka zoyendera kwa odwala. Pambuyo pake, pamapeto pa mphepo ya mkuntho Camille (1 969) ndi mphepo Agnes (1972), ntchito ya umoyo wa anthu onse inakula kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa madzi, kuletsa tizilombo, ndi kufufuza kwa zaumoyo wa anthu pambuyo pa madzi osefukira. Maulendowa anayala maziko a lingaliro lamakono la “magulu ochirikiza a chitaganya.

Chipatala cha Chovid 8819 Pandemic: Chipwirikiti Chowonongeka

Mliri wa Chovid 16) unazindikiritsa kugwira ntchito kwakukulu ndi kopitirizabe kwa National Guard kaamba ka thanzi la anthu m'mbiri ya America. Pamapeto a tsokalo, pafupifupi alonda 47,000 adaikidwa kuchirikiza maopaleshoni a thanzi ndi a zaumoyo m'maiko onse 50 ndi magawo anayi. Malo osungirako okalamba pafupifupi 4,000 anachitidwa, ndipo oyang'anira anagulitsa mankhwala a katemera oposa 20 miliyoni. M'mayiko onga New York, California, ndi Texas, Alonda anagwira ntchito kumbali kwa 7695 kumbali ya zipatala ndi antchito a zaumoyo m'zipatala okhazikitsidwa m'malo a msonkhano ndi m'mabwalo a maseŵera.

Alondawo anachitanso ntchito zosuliza zonga ngati kujambula, kupima, ndi kuyang'anira zopereka za mankhwala , kuphatikizapo kusamalira zinthu zosoŵa zonga mask 95, zopimira mpweya, ndi zoyesera. Chochitika chimenechi sichinangopulumutsa miyoyo yosaŵerengeka komanso chinapanganso zambiri za machitachita abwino koposa amene tsopano akudziŵitsa boma ndi boma chiphunzitso chokonzekera.

Ntchito za Makhora: Zipilala Zinayi za Chichirikizo cha Umoyo Wapoyera

Kuthandiza Anthu Odwala

Chithandizo chowoneka kwambiri cha National Guard ku thanzi la anthu ndi mankhwala. Pamene dongosolo la zaumoyo wamba latsenderezedwa, alonda a zamankhwala . kuphatikizapo kuchirikiza zipatala, kutumiza anthu kuchipatala, ndi magulu othawa . "kamphindi kukhazikitsa malo ena osamalira. Mwachitsanzo, mkati mwa mliri wa Covid . Olondera amakhazikitsa ndi kuyendetsa zipatala m'midzi ku New York City, Los Angeles Convention Center, ndi ku malo ena ambiri. Malo ameneŵa anaperekabedi zikwi zambiri za odwala osagwira 93OVAID ndi CHOVAGOV, kuchepetsa katundu wa m'chipatala chapafupi.

Kuposa kuyankha kwa mliri, alonda nthaŵi zonse amachirikiza njira zaumoyo za kumidzi. M'mayiko ambiri okhala ndi anthu osasamalidwa kwambiri, akatswiri a zachipatala amathandiza ntchito za “Kuphunzitsa Kuphunzira Kusintha kwa Zinthu” (IRT). Pochita zimenezi, iwo amapereka mameno aulere, ongosankha, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala m’madera akutali komanso akusamalira ntchito zawo. Mu 2023 mokha, masewera 200 a IRT anatha, kutumikira odwala pafupifupi 50,000 m’madera amene satha kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala.

Kufufuza Zinthu ndi Zoyendera

Mavuto a zaumoyo amalephera chifukwa cha kusweka kwa zopereka, osati kupereŵera kwa mankhwala kapena zipangizo. Choncho ukatswiri wa woyang’anira kampani ndi chimodzi cha zinthu zake zamtengo wapatali. Magulu a asilikali amagawira malo, amasunga malo ozizira îkain kaamba ka akatemera ndi ziwiya za biologic, ndipo amagwiritsira ntchito galimoto zapadera zoyendera. Kuphatikizapo malole, ndege za helikoputala, ndi ndege zonyamula .

Mkati mwa kuyankha kwa H1N1 kwa fuluwenza (2010), magulu a olondera anatumiza mankhwala oletsa matenda ku zipatala zakumidzi ku Alaska ndi ku Rocky Mountain . Posachedwapa, mkati mwa katemera wa katemera wa mphepo (pox) wotseguka mu 2022, olinganiza a polisi ogwirizana ndi madipatimenti a zaumoyo a boma kutsimikizira kuti zifunitso zamphamvu za [1] colcold àchain za Jynneos zinasungidwa kuchokera ku nyumba zapakati zaumoyo ku zigawo za kumalo akumalo akumeneko. Katemerayu kanatsimikizira kukhala kofunika kwambiri makamaka m'nyengo ya chisanu choopsa, monga 201 ya ku Texas, pamene oyang'anira ndege zankhondo zachipale zonyamula mpweya wa ozi ndi insulin.

3. Maphunziro a Anthu Onse ndi Kulankhulana za Thanzi

Kulimbana ndi mabodza ndi kulimbikitsa makhalidwe otetezera thanzi ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri, ndipo Olondera atenga mbali kwambiri m'kulankhulana kwa zaumoyo wa anthu. Mkati mwa COVIDNÚ19, Alonda anagawana nawo m'zochitika za m'mudzi, kuyang'anirana ndi mizinda, ndi nyumba za tauni zenizeni kuti agaŵane chidziŵitso cholondola chonena za kupima, kubisa, ndi kugoma. Kumadera akumidzi ndi a mafuko kumene kumadalira akuluakulu a boma nthaŵi zambiri amatumikira monga nthumwi yodalirika.

Alondawo amalimbikitsanso mkupiti wa maphunziro a zaumoyo pa nkhani monga kuzindikira za kudzipha, kuletsa kudzipha, ndi katemera wanthaŵi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, boma la asilikali a West Virginia linagwirizana ndi dipatimenti ya zaumoyo wa boma kupanga mauthenga olunjikitsidwa pa ngozi za fantanyl, pamene kuli kwakuti a California Guard anachita mkupiti wa kutumiza mauthenga wolimbikitsa katemera wa CHOVID . Zoyesayesa zimenezi zimayambira pa mwambo wankhondo wa “usilikali wa kutopepe ndi kukhazikitsa ziboliboli zakuya za a polisi.

4. Kuyankha Ngozi ndi Matenda

Masoka achilengedwe nthaŵi zambiri amayambitsa ngozi zaumoyo wa anthu: madzi oipa amayambitsa cholera; madzi owonongeka amabala udzudzu umene umafalitsa kachilombo ka West Nile; mphamvu zotsekera madialysis ndi mankhwala opulumutsa moyo. Magulu a asilikali opereka chithandizo chatsoka amaphunzitsidwa kugwirizanitsa thanzi la anthu m'mbali zonse za kuyankha. Pambuyo pa mphepo ya Hurricane Maria Puerto Rico mu 2017, magulu a asilikali ochokera ku maiko ambiri otumizidwa kuthandiza kuyeretsa madzi, kuyang’anira matenda, ndi kubwezeretsa mphamvu yamagetsi ku zipatala. Oyang'anira zachilengedwe anayesa mphamvu ya madzi, pamene magulu a zaumoyo anakhazikitsa ma a ma a olabu a kavalo oyendera magalimoto ndi matenda a denguege.

Mofananamo, mkati mwa kuwotcha kwa moto kwa 2020 ku Pacific Northwest, oyang’anira madera anagaŵira ziphimbe za N 95 kutetezera anthu ku mpweya wautsi, kukhazikitsa malo oziziritsa kutentha othawa, ndi kuyang’anira kulimba kwa mpweya. zitsanzo zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti mbali ya umoyo wa anthu a m’gulu la a polisi si nthenda zoyambukira zokha; imaphatikizapo maupandu aakulu a malo okhala ndi okhala ndi ntchito amene amabuka m’nthaŵi ya ngozi.

Kugwirizana ndi Maboma Ofuna Thanzi la Anthu Onse

Kupambana kwa National Guard muumoyo wa anthu kumadalira pa kugwirizana kwa magulu a anthu wamba. Pamlingo wa boma, Alondawo amagwira ntchito kudzera mu Dipatimenti ya Defense Service of Civil Magunya a Chivomezi (DSCA) ndi kugwirizana kwambiri ndi CDC, FEMA, ndi Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ndi Mautumiki a Anthu (HS). Metranda ya kuzindikira (MHOU) pakati pa akuluakulu a boma ndi akuluakulu a boma amatsimikizira kuti njira zothandizira, zopereka katundu, ndi malamulo zikufotokozedwa bwino.

Chitsanzo chachikulu cha kugwirizana kothandiza ndi gulu la asilikali a ku United States la 20th Civil Survice Team (CST), gulu lapadera la zamankhwala, laboratory, ndi akatswiri a kulankhulana. CSTS angagwirizanitse mofulumira kuyesa mankhwala, mphamvu ya zamoyo, wailesi, ndi nyukiliya (CBRN) kuphatikizapo zinthu zokhala ndi mphamvu yachibadwa yofalitsa zinthu zamoyo . Kuphatikiza pa kutumiza chidziŵitso chenicheni cha nthaŵi ya zaumoyo kwa akuluakulu a zaumoyo , CST m'mayiko angapo othandizidwa ndi kuyesa kowonjezereka kwa malabolabu ya magetsi, kukonza masamu zikwi zambiri pamene mabomba a boma anagonjetsedwa.

Pamlingo wa boma, alonda kaŵirikaŵiri a m'makampani ogwirizanitsa anthu m'malo ochitirako ngozi (EOC) ndi malo operekera malangizo a zaumoyo, kulola kupanga chosankha cha mwamsanga . Njira yogwirizana imeneyi inagwiritsiridwa ntchito bwino ku Louisiana mkati mwa 20202021 CHOVID , kumene Louisiana Counterdrug Task Force . Mwachibadwa anasumika pa kuletsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo .

Kuphunzitsa ndi Kukonzekera Ntchito Zaumoyo

Pamene kuli kwakuti ntchito yaikulu ya woyang’anira idakali yotetezera dziko, chuma chachikulu chaperekedwa kukonzekeretsa antchito kaamba ka chichirikizo cha anthu. Gulu lirilonse la alonda limachita maphunziro a pachaka pa National Incident Management Management System (NIMS) ndi kutengamo mbali m'maseŵera onga ngati Arden Sendry ndi Dipatimenti ya Homeland’s Security Breeze, imene imayerekezera ngozi za thanzi la anthu onse limodzi ndi matenda opatsirana.

Ena mwa makonzedwe apadera ophunzitsa anthu ndi awa:

  • Makemikari, Biological, Radiological, ndi NUclear (CBRN) Kuphunzitsa : malangizo ochotsera ululu, zipangizo zotetezera (PPE), ndi kuleza mtima kwa zinthu zokayikiridwa kukhala zamoyo.
  • Public Health Emergency Response (PHER) Kosi za Hossource [1]: Yoperekedwa kupyolera ku yunivesite ya Services Yofanana ya Zaumoyo ya Sciences, maphunziro ameneŵa akuphatikizapo kufalikira kwa matenda, kulankhulana kwa ngozi, ndi makhalidwe m’maseŵera ovuta.
  • Filegi ndi Clinical Skills Surstainment : Alonda m'ntchito zachipatala amaphunzitsidwabe kusungitsa nsabwe ndi kupeza njira zamakono zamankhwala monga ngati kuloŵetsa m’mitsempha, kuyendetsa mpweya, ndi kutumiza mankhwala.
  • Kulankhula ndi zinenero [1]: M'madera okhala ndi anthu ambiri osalankhula Chingelezi, ziŵalo za alonda kaŵirikaŵiri zimaphunzitsidwa kulankhulana ndi kuwerenga ndi kulemba, kuthandiza kutsekereza ziletso za chinenero panthaŵi ya katemera ndi mpikisano wopinga.

Mwinamwake chofunika kwambiri, “mphamvu yathunthu” ya woyang’anira akutanthauza kuti mamembala ambiri alinso akatswiri a zaumoyo m’miyoyo yawo ya anthu wamba . Madokotala, manesi, othandizira opeza chithandizo, ogulitsa mankhwala, ndi oyang'anira zaumoyo wa anthu. Maluso aŵiri ameneŵa amalola kuti ayendetse nthaka popanda kuyankha kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, 20222 mpox, akatswiri a zamankhwala a asilikali anakhoza mwamsanga kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a popêp makliniki chifukwa chakuti anali atatenga kale magilamu ofunikira.

Zotsatira Zake Zochepa Ndiponso Zapadziko Lonse Zotsatira Zake

Kuwonjezera chiyambukiro cha londa pa umoyo wa anthu nkovuta . Kuchuluka kwa ntchito imene imachitika kumbuyo kwa malowo . Malinga ndi lipoti la 2022 kuchokera ku National Guard Bureau, oyang'anira anathandizira maora 8 miliyoni ku ntchito za Covid 7619 kupyola 2021, kufanana ndi antchito okwanira 4,000 anthaŵi zokwanira. Kufufuza kofalitsidwa mu Medicine

Kupyola Chovid , mbali ya wolondera kukhazikitsa vuto la opioid njofunika. M'maboma onga Kentucky, New Hampshire, ndi Ohio, Gawo la Wolondera ntchito limathandiza anthu onse kuyesayesa zaumoyo mwa kupenda luntha, kupenda ndalama, ndi makonzedwe a mankhwala otetezeka otaya malo. Kupenda kochitidwa ndi Boma la Authority Office (GAO) kunapeza kuti Olonderako a chipatala akuchotsapo mankhwala oletsedwa opioids osakhala ogwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chilichonse, kuchepetsa upandu wa kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opesewera.

M’malo a mkhalidwe wa mphepo, magulu a asilikali anachita kufufuza kwa thanzi la malo okhala pambuyo pa mphepo ya Hurricane Michael (2088), akumayesa madzi akumwa m’zitsime zoposa 200 ku Florida Pankandlele . Iwo anachirikizanso Centers for Disease Control (CDC) “Climaté preally States and Cities Initive" mwakugaŵira Geographic Information System (GIS) mapu a anthu okhoza kutentha m'maiko angapo, akumakhozetsa kuziziritsa malo oziziritsira mkati mkati mwa zochitika zowopsa za kutentha.

Mavuto ndi Zovuta

Ngakhale kuti kuli kofunika kwambiri, National Guard imayang'anizana ndi mavuto angapo m’kuchirikiza ndi kufutukula mbali yake ya umoyo wa anthu. Choyamba, ntchito yaikulu ya Alonda ndiyo kukonzekera kwa nkhondo, ndipo kukonzekera kwaumoyo kwa anthu kukhoza kupikisana ndi maphunziro ankhondo ndi kugwirizana kwa gulu. Panthaŵi ya kukula kwa COVID . Mabungwe ambiri anasimba mavuto ochirikiza maluso awo a nkhondo pamene ziŵalozo zinathera miyezi yambiri m’malo mwa maphunziro amwambo.

Chachiwiri, pali malamulo ndi malamulo. Lamulo la Posse Comitatus Act limaletsa asilikali kuchita ntchito zosungitsa lamulo, koma ntchito zaumoyo monga kutsekereza anthu kapena kutsatsa zigaŵenga zingasokoneze kwambiri malamulo a boma oteteza thanzi ndi apolisi. Malamulo a boma amasiyana kwambiri, ndipo akazembe ena safuna kugwiritsa ntchito alonda kuti athandize anthu chifukwa cha kukhudzana ndi ntchito zaumoyo. Zitsogozo zomveka ndi uyang’aniro wa zamalamulo n’zofunika kuti anthu azikhulupirirana.

Chachitatu, kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kwa asilikali kumayambitsa mavuto a bajeti ndi kugawidwa kwa ndalama. Zogwiritsa ntchito monga ma ambulansi, zipatala, ndi malaboleshoni oyendera m'magalimoto ayenera kusungidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito pa nthaŵi ya nkhondo ndi panyumba, koma kaŵirikaŵiri kumapereka ndalama kuchokera ku mitsinje yosiyana ndi ndalama zoperekedwa ndi munthu wa HHS. Ndalama zambiri zingatsogolere ku ku kusoŵa kwaufulu. Mwachitsanzo, 2023 National Defense Intelligivence Act (NDA) makonzedwe ovomerezedwa ndi $150 miliyoni ya ziŵiya za a apolisi, koma monga 2024, $60 miliyoni okha ndi amene analamulidwa.

Pomalizira pake, apolisi ndi nzika za boma zokhala ndi ntchito wamba ndi maudindo a banja. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri kungabweretse mavuto a zachuma kwa anthu amene mabwana awo sapereka mapindu ankhondo. Pamene kuli kwakuti lamulo la boma limateteza ziŵalo za alonda ku tsankho la ntchito pansi pa bungwe la Responded Servicess Respocration Rights Act (USTERRA), sionse amene amaphunzitsidwa za chitetezo chimenechi. Kuchepetsa katundu kwa alonda kwa olemba ntchito kumakhala kovuta kwanthaŵi yaitali kwa ntchito zaumoyo wa anthu onse.

Malangizo Amtsogolo: Kumanga Mlonda Waumoyo Woŵerenga

Poyang’ana kutsogolo, bungwe la National Guard lingawone mbali yake ya thanzi ya anthu ikuwonjezereka kwambiri.

  • Changuliti Changu ndi Kutentha Kopambanitsa [1] : Pamene ma fluwave, miliri yamoto, ndi magumula zikukhala zofala, Alonda adzaitanidwa kupereka chithandizo cha mankhwala, kuyang'anira zaumoyo, ndi kuthaŵa kwa anthu ambiri. Zolemba zatsopano zophunzitsa za kutentha kwa matenda okhudzana ndi matenda a tractives zikupangidwa kale.
  • Kusintha kwa mlingo kwa magetsi [1]: Mkati mwa mliriwo, Alonda anayesa kufunsa kwa matelefoni kuchokera ku zipatala kwa akatswiri a zamankhwala m'malo a anthu wamba. Mapikicawa angapangitsedwe kukhazikitsa kuti alere alonda alandire chitsogozo chakutali panthaŵi ya ngozi za m'tsogolo, makamaka m’madera akumidzi.
  • Thanzi la Matantha ndi Behavioral Health Service : Alonda asumika kwambiri pa kuchinjiriza kudzipha ndi chithandizo chathanzi choyamba pakati pa anthu ake, komanso amapereka chichirikizo m'chitaganya. Programu zonga “Operation Healthy Base” ndi“ Kusintha kwa Ribbon Reintegiation [1] kungasinthidwe kaamba ka mavuto a maganizo a anthu, monga ngati pa Prembradiaster kapena kupsinjika maganizo kwa kukhala wopatukana kwanthaŵi yaitali mkati mwa miliri.
  • Azojambula ndi Analytics [1]: Magulu a chilikizo la boma a a Guard ali okonzeka kale ndi malaboratori onyamulika ndi zipangizo zamagetsi. Kufufuza nzeru zopeka ndi sayansi yodziŵira za mathekitsa kukhoza kuchititsa kutulukira kwa mwamsanga ndi kukhazikitsa zinthu.
  • Mafomu Ofutukulidwa a Malamulo [[FLT: 1]: Opanga malamulo akufufuza njira zofutukulira Stafford Act ndi malamulo autumiki waumoyo wa anthu onse kuwongolera ulamuliro wa Alonda kuchita ntchito zaumoyo panthaŵi yangozi, kuchepetsa kusadziŵika kwa lamulo kumene kungachedwetse kuyankha.

National Guard siiloŵa mmalo mwa njira yaumoyo ya anthu, koma ndi yothandiza kwambiri. Mwa kuikiza ndalama zothandizira kuphunzira, kugwirizana, ndi zipangizo, dzikolo lingatsimikizire kuti Alonda akhalabe odalirika potetezera anthu a m'madera ambiri. Ngakhale kuti kuopsako kuli kachilombo katsopano, mphepo yamkuntho, kapena mankhwala owonjezera. Mliri wa Chovid . Mliri wa Covid . Unasonyeza zonse ziŵiri kuthekera ndi malire a kuloŵetsedwa kwa Mlonda; njira yotsatira ndiyo kuyambitsa maphunziro opanga mphamvu yolimba, yathanzi.

Monga momwe mkulu wa asilikali Daniel Hokanson, yemwe kale anali Mfumu ya National Guard Bureau, ananenera kuti: “Asilikali ndi mlatho wosatha pakati pa asilikali ndi anthu amene timatumikira. Tikafuna kukhala ndi thanzi labwino, sitingotsala pang’ono kutha. Mawu amenewa amasonyeza kuti pali nthawi yatsopano imene boma la asilikali lizigwirizana.