Malo Apadera a Lamulo la Boma Potsatira Chivomerezo cha Boma

Pamene mliri uchitika, thayo lalikulu lakutetezera thanzi la anthu limagwera akatswiri a zamankhwala ndi mabungwe a zaumoyo. Komabe makina a matenda ali ndi malo apadera . quarantine, kudzipatula, kufunsira, ndi kugwirizana ndi malamulo . Mabungwe a lamulo a boma, kuphatikizapo apolisi a m'makwalala, ndi ofufuza a boma, ali ndi malo apadera. Iwo sali apolisi a boma, ogwirizana ndi mzinda umodzi kapena chigawo, koma amagwira ntchito m’manja mwa boma limodzi ndi ulamuliro, chuma, ndi mgwirizano wa boma umene umafuna mliri wokulira.

Mosiyana ndi ntchito ya masiku onse yapolisi, maofesala ankhondo auchigaŵenga auchigaŵenga akukhala osungitsa a zaumoyo wa anthu a boma [1], kulinganiza malamulo ndi anthu onse. Ntchito yowonjezereka imeneyi yaonekera pa ngozi zaposachedwapa, kuyambira pa mliri wa fuluwenza wa 2009 wa ku kuchitika kwa bungwe la Covid-19. Mabungwe a boma osungitsa malamulo a boma aitanidwa kuti akhazikitse malamulo a akuluakulu, kuyendetsa zipani za anthu, kuchirikiza njira zothandizira zaumoyo zoletsera ndi zothandizira chithandizo cha mankhwala a matenda, ndi mankhwala ochirikitsa matenda, ndipo akuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yawo yosungitsa ntchito yawo yaumoyo wa anthu onse ikhale yodalirika.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza bwino zimene anthu opanga malamulo a boma, akuluakulu a zaumoyo, ndiponso anthu ena akuchita pothandizana poteteza anthu pa matenda, ndiponso zimene anthu amachita pochita zinthu zothandiza kuti ateteze thanzi lawo pa nthawi ya miliri.

Mbiri Yakale: M’bungwe la Boma la Apolisi ndi la Zaumoyo wa Anthu Onse

Kuloŵerera kwa lamulo la boma m'mavuto a zaumoyo sikuli kwatsopano. Mabungwe apolisi a boma anakhazikitsidwa kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 20 kuti achite nkhani zimene zinadutsa malire a kumaloko . Makina a ntchito, chitetezo cha m’misewu, ndi masoka aakulu. Mliri wa fuluwenza wa 1918 unaona maboma ambiri akusonkhanitsa magulu awo a apolisi akuluakulu kuti aumirize kutseka, malamulo a kubisa, ndi malamulo oletsa kutseka anthu, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri anali ndi malangizo ocheperapo alamulo.

Mkupita kwa nthaŵi, kugwirizana pakati pa kusungidwa kwa lamulo ndi thanzi la anthu kunayambika m'zochitika zamwadzidzidzi monga kubuka kwa matenda a Legionnaires mu 1976, mliri wa AIDS, ndi kuukira kwa 2001. Chochitika chilichonse chinalimbikitsa kufunika kwa malamulo ogwirizana. Pofika nthaŵi imene CHOVID-19 inafika, mabungwe ambiri osungitsa malamulo anali atayambitsa kale makonzedwe ovomerezeka a kuyankha kwa mliri wa matenda, kaŵirikaŵiri osonyezedwa ndi malangizo a boma kuchokera ku Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDFLT) [FLD:1] ndi [FLT:] Sucment of Homeland Security [FLT:].

Komabe, kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa choovid-19 kunayambitsa mavuto aakulu kwambiri. Apolisi a boma anapezeka kuti ali pamavuto aakulu kumene malamulo a zaumoyo anatsutsidwa, kuuzidwa zolakwika, ndi kumenyedwa kwa milandu. Maphunziro asinthanso mmene mabungwe amakonzekerera miliri yamtsogolo ndi zoopsa zina zazikulu za moyo.

Udindo wa Makolo Mkati mwa Ntchito Yapansi

Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a boma amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana pa nthawi ya mliri woopsa, ndipo zimenezi sizitanthauza kuti azichita zinthu mogwirizana ndi malamulo a boma.

Kukakamiza Malamulo a Zaumoyo

Ntchito imene imaoneka kwambiri ndi yoonetsetsa kuti anthu onse akutsatira malamulo okhudza thanzi lawo.

  • Quarantine ndi malamulo odzipatula: Akusonyeza kuti anthu amene adavumbulidwa kapena oyambukiridwa amagwirizana ndi ziletso za gulu. Apolisi a boma kaŵirikaŵiri amathandiza madipatimenti a zaumoyo akumaloko kupeza anthu osagwirizana ndi ena ndipo, pamene kuli kofunika, kuweruza kutsekeredwa kwa khoti.
  • Malamulo a pepala ndi kugwedezeka kwa anthu: Kutumiza malamulo a akuluakulu okhudzana ndi kuyang'anana ndi maulalo, kusonkhanitsa, ndi mabizinesi. Zimenezi zimafunikira malamulo omveka bwino pamene machenjezo, mawu, kapena kumanga zili zoyenera.
  • Ziletso za Travel: Kuyang'anira malo ofufuzira kapena kuyang'anira mogwirizana ndi madanga a ulendo wapakati pa dziko, makamaka ku malire a boma kapena malo a zoyendera.

Kukakamiza kuyenera kukhala kosasintha, kolungama, ndi koonekera bwino kuti anthu apitirize kukukhulupirira. Makampani atengera njira zovomerezeka zogwirizana zozikidwa pa mfundo zimene zimaika patsogolo maphunziro ndi kumamatira modzifunira pa miyezo ya chilango, kusunga mphamvu kokha kaamba ka kuswa kwakukulu.

Chichirikizo cha Mkupiti wa Zaumoyo wa Onse ndi Kuwononga Ukazi

Kusungitsa lamulo la boma kumathandiza kwambiri kukulitsa mauthenga a zaumoyo wa anthu. Oyang’anira ndende ndi anthu odalirika m’madera ambiri, ndipo kuchita nawo ntchito yodziŵitsa anthu kungawonjezere malangizo a zaumoyo. Zochita za anthu zimaphatikizapo:

  • Kugwirizana ndi madipatimenti a zaumoyo a boma kuti apereke chidziŵitso cholongosoka ponena za malo opimirako, zipatala za katemera, ndi njira zopeŵera matenda.
  • Kuthandiza anthu kuti azitha kuchita zinthu zina, makamaka m’madera a m’madera a kumidzi kumene anthu satha kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti.
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolankhulirana ndi anthu ndiponso njira zovomerezeka kuti mutsutse nkhani zabodza ndi mphekesera zimene zingafooketse ntchito yaumoyo wa anthu.

Mliri wa Covid - 19 utayamba, mabungwe ambiri apolisi a boma anayambitsa mapepala opatulidwa ndi operekera ndemanga kuti ayankhe mafunso a anthu okhudza malamulo a zaumoyo, kusonyeza mmene malamulo angathandizire anthu kuti apeze malangizo okhudza thanzi lawo.

Chichirikizo Chanzeru ndi Chogwira Ntchito

Kuwonjezera pa kusungitsa malamulo ndi kulankhulana, malamulo a boma amapereka chichirikizo chosuliza chimene chimayambukira mwachindunji thanzi la anthu:

  • Kugawana kwa zopereka za mankhwala ndi akatemera: apolisi a boma aperekeza magalimoto a PPE, opanga mpweya, ndi zotumiza akatemera, kutsimikizira kunyamula kotetezereka ndi kwapanthaŵi yake ku zipatala ndi zipatala kuzungulira boma.
  • Chichirikizo chachikulu cha magetsi: pamene zipatala zagonjetsedwa, kusungidwa kwa lamulo kungathandizire kunyamula anthu oleza mtima, chisungiko ku zipatala zosakhalitsa, ndi kusunga dongosolo poyesa kapena pokatemera.
  • Kuwonjezera: Maofesala alamulo ophunzitsidwa mwapadera okhala ndi zipatala kapena kuyang'anira ngozi angapangitsedwe kuchirikiza ntchito za dipatimenti ya zaumoyo.

Ntchito zimenezi zimafuna mabungwe kuti asunge mapangano ochirikizana ndi mapepala oikamo katundu, ponse paŵiri m’boma ndi m’madera onse a boma.

Mavuto Oyang’anizana ndi Lamulo la Boma

Kuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa malamulo m’mayiko ena, anthu ambiri amavutika chifukwa cha malamulo, makhalidwe abwino, mmene amagwirira ntchito, ndiponso mmene amakhalira ndi anthu ena, ndipo zimenezi n’zofunika kuzithetsa mosamala.

Kulinganiza Zoyenera za Munthu Aliyense Payekha

Chitokoso chachikulu kwambiri ndicho kulinganiza bwino pakati pa kutetezera thanzi la anthu ndi kusamala zoyenera za lamulo. Quarantine ndi malamulo odzipatula, ngakhale kuti malamulo a apolisi a boma amaloledwa mwalamulo, angayendetsedwe ndi kuyang'anizana ndi zitsenderezo zofanana. Osungitsa malamulo a boma ayenera kugwira ntchito m'malamulo a Faurth Amendment (kufufuza kosayenera ndi kugwidwa ndi njiru) ndi kutsimikizira kuti ntchito zosungitsa sikuliri kopalamula.

M’mliri wa Covid-19, milandu ingapo inatsutsa lamulo la kukhalabe panyumba ndi kutsekedwa kwa malonda. Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo anagwidwa pakati, kufunikira kukhazikitsa malamulo amene nthaŵi zina anakonzedwanso ndi kuyang'anizana ndi zigamulo zachiweruzo zosasintha. Chotulukapo chinali chisokonezo pakati pa akapitawo ndi anthu, kugogomezera kufunika kwa malangizo omveka bwino, omveka bwino mwalamulo.

Kuletsa Kutsutsa kwa Anthu ndi Mayesero

Ziletso zapansipansi zayambitsa chitsutso chachikulu cha anthu, kuyambira pa zitsutso zamtendere mpaka mikangano yachiwawa.

  • Maphunziro a kutaya ndalama akugwirizana kwambiri ndi zochitika zaumoyo wa anthu.
  • Atsogoleri ogwirizanitsa anthu ndi anzawo anakhazikitsa mapulogalamu oti azilankhulana ndi anthu okonza zionetsero zotsutsa kukwiya ndiponso akuluakulu a zaumoyo.
  • Kukulitsa malamulo omveka bwino onena za nthaŵi imene tiyenera kutchula, kumanga, kapena kufalitsa makamu, motsogozedwa ndi lamulo la kulinganiza.

Kufufuza kwa National Institute of Justice ndi maphunziro amaphunziro asonyeza kuti kuchitiridwa moyenera ndi mwaulemu panthaŵi ya kusungitsa kumachititsa kuti pakhale kugonjera modzifunira ndi njira zaumoyo wa anthu onse m’kupita kwa nthaŵi.

Kulephera Kupanga Malo Opangira Zinthu ndi Kuteteza Magulu a Asilikali

Makampani amafunika kuonetsetsa kuti anthu akutsatira malamulo a boma achepa.

  • Kupereŵera kwa antchito chifukwa cha matenda a bwana kapena kupatulidwa kwa anthu.
  • Kuwonjezera nthaŵi yopuma ndi kupsa ndi ntchito.
  • Mpikisano wa kupikisana kwa zipatala ndi zinthu zina ndi antchito osamalira zaumoyo.

Kuti achepetse nkhani zimenezi, mabungwe a boma ayamba mapulani opitirizira kupitirizabe amene amaika patsogolo ntchito zowopsya, antchito otsogolera, ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito za patelefoni kaamba ka ntchito zauyang'aniro. Kutetezera thanzi mwa kuyesa, katemera, ndi chichirikizo chamaganizo nkofunikanso kuti musungebe kugwira ntchito.

Kuphunzitsa Ana ndi Kufunika kwa Ntchito Zothandiza Anthu

Kuphunzitsa kusungitsa malamulo ambiri kumayang'ana pa kuletsa upandu, osati thanzi la anthu. Mliri, maofesala ayenera kumvetsetsa kuulutsa tizilombo, zipangizo zotetezera, ndi kusiyanitsa kwa malamulo kwa malamulo a zaumoyo. Mabungwe ambiri anafunikira kupanga mamogule ophunzitsira ophunzitsira ndege. Zothetsera zanthaŵi yaitali zimaphatikizapo kugwirizanitsa thanzi la anthu onse ku sukulu ndi kupitiriza maphunziro pa kuyankha kwa mliri.

Internationalpoted Association of Kings of Police ndi [[FLT .2]CDC ali ndi zipangizo zopangira pamodzi zosamalira mipata imeneyi, koma kulera ana kumasiyanasiyana kwambiri m'maiko ena. Ziyeso zimene zaikidwa m'miliri ya miliri isanakwane 2020 zinakhala ndi malo abwino ochitirapo kanthu.

Makampani Opanga Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi

Kuthandiza anthu amene akudwala matendawa kumadalira mmene boma limachitira zinthu, mabungwe a zaumoyo, mabungwe osamalira za matenda, ndiponso mabungwe ena a m’deralo.

Njira Zolankhulirana Zolinganizidwa

Kutumizirana mauthenga nthawi zonse m’mabungwe ena kumathandiza kuti anthu asamasokonezeke komanso kuti azikhulupirirana.

  • Anauzana mfundo zokhudza malamulo a zaumoyo ndi malamulo osungitsa thanzi.
  • Kupenda nthaŵi zonse pakati pa kusungitsa lamulo, akuluakulu a zaumoyo, ndi ofesi ya bwanamkubwa.
  • Makina oulutsira nkhani (ogwirizana oulutsira nkhani amathandiza kufalitsa zinthu, kugwirizanitsa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti, ndi webusaiti imodzi yokha yodziŵira za mliri).

M’chaka cha 2009, pa nthawi imene mliri wa H1N1 unayambika, mayiko ambiri anakhazikitsa njira zimenezi, zimene zinagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nthawi ya COVID - 19. Phunziro lake n’lachionekere: Mapangano a kulankhulana amene akhalapo kale amathandiza kwambiri kuposa mmene mapulogalamu a hoc ankachitira.

Kuphunzitsa Timagulu

Kulimbitsa thupi pamwamba pa denga ndi kuyeseza kokwanira kumene kumaphatikizapo zonse ziŵiri kusungitsa lamulo ndi antchito a zaumoyo wa anthu kumathandiza kudziŵa mipata ndi kukulitsa maunansi asanafike tsoka. Masewera ameneŵa ayenera kutsanzira zochitika zenizeni za dziko monga:

  • Kumeneku ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu amene amaonetsetsa kuti anthu akukhala m’dera linalake lodzaza ndi anthu.
  • Kutsutsa kumene kumasonkhezera chiwawa pa nyawu.
  • Kuukira njira zaumoyo pa Intaneti kumene kumasokoneza kugaŵidwa kwa katemera.

Pambuyo pa malipoti a kuyesayesa koteroko adziŵitsa masinthidwe a malamulo, kugaŵidwa kwa ndalama, ndi kukonzekeretsedwa kwa lamulo.

Kugaŵana Ziŵiya za Ndalama ndi Maumboni

Kusungitsa malamulo ndi mabungwe a zaumoyo a anthu kaŵirikaŵiri amasunga madongosolo a zinthu osiyana. Mliri, kugawana chidziŵitso pankhani za milandu, malo a zipsera, ndi njira zotsatizana ndi lamulo nzofunika. Zopinga zalamulo (monga ngati HIPAA) ziyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamala, koma maboma ambiri akhazikitsa [ mapangano ogwirizana ndi amene amalola chidziŵitso chachinsinsi kapena chotsekedwa kutsogolera ndi kutumiza zinthu.

Mofananamo, kugaŵana zinthu zakuthupi ndi ena — majeremusi, zipangizo zolankhulirana, miyulu ya mapepala osungiramo zinthu ndi kutsimikizira kuti katundu akupita kumene amafunikira kwambiri.

Kuyamba Kuchita Zinthu za M’chitaganya

Kuyankha monyoza anthu kumathandiza kwambiri ngati anthu akuona kuti malamulo a boma ndi othandizana m’malo mwa adani.

  • Kukhazikitsa mabodi oulutsira mawu a anthu osiyanasiyana.
  • Apolisi olanda anthu ntchito a kuonetsetsa kuti anthu ovutika afika poti ndi osavuta kutero (makamaka, opanda nyumba, ndiponso amene ali ndi mavuto ena).
  • Kugwirizana ndi magulu ozikidwa pa chikhulupiriro ndi zinthu zopanda phindu kugaŵira chakudya, nyawu, ndi zoyesera zokhala ndi chuma.

Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti anthu azidalirana ndipo zimenezi zimathandiza kuti anthu asamachite zinthu monyanyira.

Zitsanzo za Milandu: Lamulo la Boma Linawakakamiza Kuchitapo Kanthu

Kupenda mayankho a nkhani inayake kungatithandize kudziwa zinthu zimene zingatithandize kuchita zinthu mwanzeru.

Njira Yolowera Kunja ya California Patrol ndi Vaccine Ya ku Midzi

Mkati mwa katemera wa Covid-19, California Highway Patrol (CHP) adagwira ntchito ndi madipatimenti a zaumoyo a m’chigawocho kunyamula akatemera ku madera akutali ndi osakhala othandiza. Maofesala a CHP anapereka chitetezo chosungidwa kaamba ka katundu wa katemera ndi kuthandiza kukhazikitsa zipatala za magalimoto m’madera okhala ndi ziwitso zochepa. Programuyi inatamandidwa chifukwa cha liŵiro lake ndi liŵiro, ngakhale kuti inagogomezeranso kufunika kwa kugaŵana bwino kwa masamu pakati pa lamulo ndi mabungwe a zaumoyo kuti apereke unyole majereti.

Apolisi a Boma la New York ndi Kukakamiza

M’miyezi yoyambirira ya mliriwu, apolisi a New York State anauzidwa kuti apereke malamulo oletsa apaulendo kuchokera ku madera apamwamba a Ariski. Zimenezi zinakhudza kuyang'anira, kupereka ziganizo, ndipo, pazochitika zachilendo, kuthandiza kugaŵana kwa khoti. Bungwelo linapanga malamulo atsatanetsatane amene anaphatikizapo kulankhulana kozindikira kwa anthu kokhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu za zinenero. Pamene kuli kwakuti ntchito zina zosungitsa lamulolo zinatsutsidwa, njirayo inaperekedwa ndi kuchepetsa kutumiza milandu kuchokera kunja kwa boma.

Department of Public Safety and Chovid - 19

Texas inaona zitsutso zina zazikulu kwambiri zotsutsa ziletso za miliri. Textas Department of Public Safety (DPS) asilikali a boma oikidwa kutetezera Texas State Capitol ndi kuthandiza apolisi akomweko kuyang'anira makamu aakulu, okwiya kaŵirikaŵiri. DPS adatengera njira ya kulankhula ndi kuletsa, ndi maofesala ophunzitsidwa kumvetsera ku nkhaŵa za ziŵanda pamene anali kukhazikitsa malire ololedwa mwalamulo pa kukula kwa mapangano. Njirayo sinali yosuliza popanda kutsutsa, koma inaletsa mtundu wa nkhondo yowoneka m'mayiko ena ndi kuyang'anira ntchito popanda kugwidwa kwa anthu ambiri.

Kuyang’ana Kutsogolo: Kukonzekera Pansi Yotsatira

Mliri wa Covid-19 unali kuyesa kupsinjika maganizo kuti boma lizionetsetsa kuti anthu akusamalira thanzi lawo.

Kusintha Malamulo ndi Kukhazikitsa Malamulo

Maboma ayenera kupenda ndi kukonzanso malamulo awo a zaumoyo kuti amvetse bwino za ulamuliro wa kusungitsa malamulo panthaŵi ya miliri.

  • Malamulo oletsa kupatulidwa ndi kusungidwa kwa anthu, kuphatikizapo kutetezeredwa koyenera.
  • Zitsogozo zomveka bwino zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu m’zaumoyo wa anthu.
  • Makonzedwe a maofesala owonjezera ntchito ndi opereka malipiro a ngozi panthaŵi ya ngozi yodziŵika.

form Emergency Compunitor Health Proctitions Act ndi malamulo ofanana ndi ameneŵa angatumikire monga masinthidwe, koma lamulo lachindunji la boma nlofunika kusonyeza mikhalidwe ya kumaloko.

Kupanga Ndalama Pophunzitsa ndi Pokonzekera

Kupitiriza kuphunzira za mliri kuyenera kukhala mbali ya mwambo wa akatswiri osungitsa malamulo.

  • Kuteteza matenda opatsirana.
  • Musamathe kulankhulana bwino ndi kufalitsa nkhani.
  • Kusintha mwalamulo malamulo okhudza malamulo a zaumoyo wa anthu ndi ufulu wa anthu.
  • Kutomerana kwa anthu ndiponso miyambo yawo.

Mapeto a boma, monga aja operekedwa ndi Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Arce , angachirikize zoyesayesa zimenezi, koma mitsinje yodalirika ya ndalama ikufunika pa mlingo wa boma.

Kulimbitsa Ubwenzi Patsogolo pa Mavuto

Kuyankha kogwira mtima koposa kumachokera ku mabungwe amene akhazikitsa kale maunansi ndi ogwira ntchito m’zaumoyo wa anthu.

  • Makomiti ogwirizana anthaŵi zonse kapena magulu ogwira ntchito pa zaumoyo wa anthu onse ndi kusungitsa malamulo.
  • Alongo a m’gulu la anthu amene achita ngozi, amakonzekera kuti agwire ntchito zosiyanasiyana, azisamalira maudindo awo, ndiponso kuti azilankhulana momasuka.
  • Zinthu zosinthasintha zimene zimalimbitsa ubwenzi ndi kukhulupirirana.

Mwa kugwira ntchito pamodzi mwachangu, kusungitsa malamulo kukhoza kuchitika mofulumira pamene mliri wagalukira, kutetezera thanzi la anthu ndi kuchirikiza lamulo.

Kumaliza

Mabungwe osungitsa malamulo a boma ali ofunika kwambiri kuti anthu avomereze, monga osungitsa, aphunzitsi, ndi ogwirizana ndi akuluakulu a zaumoyo. Kukhoza kwawo kutetezera thanzi la anthu kumadalira pa malamulo omveka bwino, kulangiza kwamphamvu, kudalirana kwa anthu, ndi kugwirizana kwabwino. Mavuto a kulinganiza ufulu wa munthu ndi anthu, kuyang'anira kulephera kwa anthu, ndi kupitirizabe kugwira ntchito, ndi kuyendetsa bwino ntchito nkofunika kwambiri. Mwa kuphunzira pa zokumana nazo zakale ndi kukonzekera, lamulo lingatsimikizire kuti iwo ali okonzeka kuteteza anthu pamene vuto la zaumoyo lidzabuka.

Kuti muŵerengenso, onani [[FLT: 0] CD'S Law Law ya Umoyo Wapoyera ([FLT:]] HTTPs //www.cdc.gov/phlp /]), Malangizo a Olamulira a Dziko pa malamulo ndi miliri [[FLT:] [[FLT]] [[FLT:] [[6]] (pa www.g.org/a/labelsss-ementment-empement //instem/fres], ndi Abunthalse , ndi Abut'APTY [FLD] pa zikopanet'active [10] [4] //3]