Table of Contents

Pamene mphepo ya mkuntho ya Katrina inawomba pa Gulf Coast, pamene moto wamoto unatembenuza madera a California a alworn avumbulutsi, ndipo pamene mliri wapadziko lonse unaimitsa moyo wachibadwa, mphamvu imodzi yosasintha imaima pakati pa chipwirikiti ndi kubwereranso: Usilikali wa Dzikolo . Gulu lapadera la asilikali, likumangirira mzera pakati pa asilikali a boma ndi asilikali a boma, imasonyeza imodzi ya mabungwe ofunika kwambiri ndi ofunika kwambiri a ku America kuti adziyankhire ndi kutetezedwa.

Mosiyana ndi gulu lina lankhondo m'dziko, National Guard imagwira ntchito pansi pa ntchito ya boma yokhudzana ndi boma imene imalola akazembe kutumiza asilikali kuti athandize pokonzekera nkhondo za kumayiko ena. Mabungwe amenewa, oyambitsidwa ndi asilikali atsamunda ndi okonzedwa bwino m’mbiri ya Amereka, amapanga gulu la nzika za nzika zimene zingapulumutse anthu ovulala pa Lolemba ndi kutumiza ku dera la nkhondo Lachisanu.

Kumvetsetsa mmene National Guard imagwirira ntchito , chifukwa chake maiko amadalira pa iyo m'nthaŵi zangozi, ndi chimene chimaipangitsa kukhala yosiyana ndi nthambi zina zankhondo kuvumbula bungwe lovuta limene limalamulira maiko wamba ndi ankhondo. Kuchokera ku kulabadira kwachilengedwe kwa nthaka ya magetsi, kuyambira ku kuchepetsako kwa miliri ndi kulimbana ndi ntchito, mbali ya alonda ku America ikupitirizabe kufalikira ndi kuwonjezereka.

Kodi Asilikali a Dziko Lonse Nchiyani?

Maziko Apadera a Ulamuliro wa Okhala ndi Ntchito

National Guard [[FLT: 1] ili ndi gulu la asilikali a National Guard ndi Aur National Guard , pamodzi ndi zigawo za nzika ndi oyendetsa ndege pafupifupi 450,000 m'magawo onse 50, magawo atatu, ndi Chigawo cha Columbia. Chimene chimapangitsa kuti Alonda akhale apaderadi si ukulu wawo kapena mphamvu zawo, koma boma ndi malo awo a boma ndi a boma la boma lomwe lilipo m'malo ena alionse m'maunyinjiko ankhondo a U.S.

M’nthaŵi yamtendere, magulu a Alonda amagwa pansi pa lamulo la kazembe wawo, amene amatumikira monga mkulu wa boma kaamba ka ntchito za boma. Mkulu wankhondo wa gulu lankhondo woyambirira [[FLT: 1], woyambirira wa gulu lankhondo woikidwa ndi bwanamkubwa, amayang'anira ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kugwirizanitsa ndi maulamuliro onse aŵiri a boma ndi boma. Kakonzedwe ka chigawo ka chigawochi kalamulo ka boma kamalola mwamsanga kuyankha zinthu zamwamsanga popanda boma kapena chivomerezo.

Komabe, pulezidenti anga [[FL:0]" masupalensi a National Guide pansi pa mutu 10 wa Lamulo la U.S., kuwasintha kuchokera ku magulu ankhondo a boma kumka ku magulu ankhondo a boma. Ngati auyang'anira, alonda amalandira malipiro amodzimodzi, mapindu, ndi malo alamulo monga antchito ankhondo okangalika. Kukhoza kuchititsa ngozi mu Iowa kungapezedwe pambuyo pake kuchititsa ntchito zosungitsa mtendere mu Kosovose kapena ntchito zankhondo ku Afghanistan.

Lingaliro la Nzika

Mosiyana ndi antchito ankhondo okangalika amene amatumikira nthaŵi zonse, ziŵalo za Alonda zambiri zili [[FLT: 0]" mwamwambo" ziŵalo za Alonda amene amaphunzitsa mlungu umodzi pamwezi ndi milungu iŵiri pachaka panthaŵi ya zochitika zachibadwa. Ogulitsa nzika ameneŵa amasunga ntchito zausilikali monga aphunzitsi, apolisi, mainjiniya, akatswiri a zamankhwala, ndi ntchito zina zosaŵerengeka, kubweretsa maluso ausilika amtengo wapatali ku ntchito yawo ya usilikali.

Chitsanzo cha utumiki wanthaŵi imodzichi chimapangitsa mphamvu yolimba kwambiri m'midzi yakwawo. Mamembala a alonda amakhala kumene amatumikira, kumvetsetsa malo a dziko, chikhalidwe, ndi zosoŵa za dziko zimene mphamvu zakunja sizingathe. Pamene masoka achitika, sangothandiza anthu osadziŵika kwa anthu omwe akukhala nawo, anzawo, antchito anzawo, ndi anthu a m’madera ena.

Oyang'anira amaphatikizaponso antchito anthaŵi yonse: Active Guard Reserve (AGR) [[FL:1] ziŵalo zimene zimachita ndi kuyang'anira tsiku ndi tsiku ndi maphunziro, ndi akatswiri ankhondo amene amasunga zipangizo ndi zipangizo. Kuphatikizana kumeneku kwa nthaŵi yapadera ndi antchito anthaŵi yonse kumatsimikizira kuti mathirakiti akhalabe okonzeka pamene akusamalira mtengo.

Chisinthiko cha Mbiri: Kuchokera ku Colonia Asilikali Kufika ku Gulu Lankhondo Lamakono

National Guard imatsatira mzera wake wa makolo mpaka 1636 pamene asilikali olinganizidwa a Massachusetts Bay Colony otetezera chitaganya [1] akuchipanga icho kukhala choyambirira kuposa United States yeniyeniyo. Atsamunda ameneŵa anatulukira ku nkhondo ya Revolution, kumene nzika zinatsimikizira kuti zikhoza kulimbana ndi magulu ankhondo odziŵa ntchito, kukhazikitsa mwambo wa ntchito zausilika wa boma umene ukupitirizabe lerolino.

Militia Act ya 1903 , yodziŵikanso monga Dick Act, yolinganizidwa ndi kakonzedwe ka National Guard kamakono, kukhazikitsa ndalama za boma ndi miyezo pamene akuyang'anira ulamuliro. Nkhondo ya Dziko I inakhala ndi kukhazikitsa koyambirira kwa mzera waukulu wa alonda, ndi "Rainbow" Divice [1] Discope [1] ndi magulu ena a a a alonda akumenyana mu Falansa.

National Security Act ya 1947 [FLT: 1] inapangidwa ndi Air National Guard monga mbali yosiyana ya chigawo cha chigawo cha ndege chapadera cha Bungwe la Mpweya chatsopano. Magulu onse a Boma a Guide ndi Reserve ogwirizana mu 1970 anagwirizana kwambiri ndi asilikali a dziko lonselo, kutsimikizira kuti Amereka sakanatha kupita kunkhondo popanda kuitana nzika ndi nzika za dziko lapansi .

Chivomerezo cha Boma cha Msampha Wadzidzidzi: Ntchito Yoyambirira ya Alonda

Zochitika za Tsoka Lachilengedwe

Masoka achilengedwe amaimira ntchito ya boma yowonekera ndi yobwerezabwereza ya boma la National Alonda [1] Pamene tsoka lichitika, abwanamkubwa angasonkhezere magulu a Alonda m’maola angapo, kugaŵira maluso amene mabungwe a anthu wamba akuwafuna kwambiri.

Kugalamuka kwa Mphepo Yoopsa

Mphepo ya mphepo ya mkuntho imasonyeza kuchuluka kwa maluso a olondera. Mikuntho isanapange kutsika kwa antchito ndi zipangizo, kuchotsa anthu ovutika, ndi kukonza malo ogona angozi. Chivomerezo cha Olondera a Dziko ku mphepo Katrina [1] Chinakhudza ntchito zofufuza ndi kupulumutsa, ambiri akugwiritsira ntchito mabwato awo pamene zida zankhondo zinatsimikizira kukhala zosakwanira kwa madera ozungulira mphepo ya Katrina.

Mkati mwa mphepo ya Hurricane Harvey mu 2017, Alondawo a National Guide anatumiza mamembala oposa 12,000 amene anapulumutsa anthu oposa 8,500 ndi kupereka chakudya 3.5 miliyoni. Magulu a olondera ndege, ndege zouluka ndi ndege za mkuntho, amakhala malo othandizira anthu ochotsedwa ndi madzi. Mabomba a pansi pa nthaka, kubwezeretsa mphamvu, ndi kugaŵira katundu wamwadzidzidzi kuchokera ku ma progree of Indiction (POD).

Chichirikizo cha Kumenyana ndi Moto Wamkuntho

Mayiko a Kumadzulo amadalira kwambiri thandizo la National Guard pa nyengo yamoto wamoto. Pamene kuli kwakuti alonda salimbana ndi moto mwachindunji, kumene kudakali malo a akatswiri ozimitsa moto . Iwo amapereka ntchito zofunika kwambiri. California National Sovier quelikoppolats yokonzeka ndi zibangidwa ndi madzi angagwetse malita zikwi zambiri pa moto woyaka moto, pamene kuli kwakuti asilikali a pansi athandiza kuchotsa anthu, kuyendetsa magalimoto, ndi chitetezo ku madera osamuka.

. . . . . . . . . . ndege zankhondo zonyamula moto zokhala ndi moto zokhala ndi mphepo ya m'mlengalenga zokhala ndi magalimoto okhoza kugwetsa malita 3,000 a moto m'masekondi angapo. Mkati mwa 2020 nyengo yamoto wa California, ndege za asilikali za m'mlengalenga zinauluka maulendo mazana ambiri a ma MPFS, kuthandiza kunyamula moto umene unatentha maekala oposa 4 miliyoni.

Chigumula ndi Kusintha Koopsa kwa Nyengo

Kusefukira kumafuna maluso osiyanasiyana: magalimoto a madzi apamwamba opulumutsira, mainjiniya kulimbitsa ma leve, ndi malogic stemps kuti ayang'anire zinthu zothandizira. Mkati mwa kusefukira kwa mtsinje wa Missouri [[FLT: 1], Iowa ndi Nebraska Guard odzaza ndi madengu ndi kuchotsa anthu mazana ambiri kuchokera ku malo owopsezedwa.

Mkuntho wa m'nyengo yachisanu umabweretsa mavuto apadera. Magulu a asilikali oyera, kupereka zinthu zofunika zamwadzidzidzi kwa anthu osoŵa, ndi kupereka majenereta ku malo ovuta. Massachusetts National National Guards ku Gawo la Boston [1] Kuwomba kwa chipale chofeŵa cha 2015 anaphatikizidwa ndi asilikali oposa 500 omwe anali kuyendetsa zinthu zapadera zochotsa chipale chofewa ndi kuthandiza oyendetsa galimoto m’misewu yaikulu kusandulika m'malo oimika matabwa.

Kutetezeka kwa Anthu Onse ndi Ntchito Zothandiza Anthu

Pa nthawi ya masoka achilengedwe, akazembe a boma amatsogolera asilikali kuti agwire ntchito zosiyanasiyana zoteteza anthu.

Kulabadira Kosokoneza

Gawo la Olondera nkhondo m'maupandu a boma lidakali limodzi la ntchito zake zotsutsana kwambiri koma zofunika. Mosiyana ndi asilikali a boma oletsedwa ndi Posse Comitatus Act kuchokera ku kusungitsa lamulo lapamudzi, magulu a National Guard akugwira ntchito pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma angachirikize apolisi pamene akusunga chilango chankhondo ndi malamulo a pangano osumikidwa pa kuletsa.

(1992] Zipwirikiti za Los Angeles [[FLT: 1] zinawona asilikali a National Guide 10,000 a California otumizidwa kubwezeretsa lamulo pambuyo pa kukhululukidwa kwa apolisi m'kumenyedwa kwa Mfumu Rodney kunayambitsa chiwawa chofalikira. Mamembala otetezera ozimitsa moto, otetezedwa ndi zipangizo zowongolerera, ndi kuthandiza kubwezeretsa bata mwa kukhalako mmalo mwa kachitidwe kachiwawa.

Posachedwapa, zitsutso za dziko lonse pambuyo pa imfa ya George Floyd mu 2020 zinatulukapo mamembala a National Guide achita thukuta kupyola magawo 34 ndi D.C. [1] [1] ntchito yaikulu koposa ya m'dziko kuyambira Nkhondo Yadziko II. Magulu ameneŵa anagogomezera kufunika kwa alonda m'kuyankha kwa tsoka ndi kulinganizika kofunikira pamene magulu ankhondo achirikiza maulamuliro a boma.

Chitetezo Chachikulu

Zochitika zazikulu zapoyera zimafuna kuchilikizidwa kwa chitetezo cha National Social . Opambana Bowl, kutsegulidwa kwa pulezidenti, ndi misonkhano ina yapamwamba iwona ziŵalo za alonda zikumapereka chirichonse kuyambira pa kuyang'anira ndege kufikira pa kutulukira kophulika. 201 pulezidenti Inuation [1] adaphatikizapo asilikali 26,000 opereka chisungiko mu Washington D.C., kuposa gulu lankhondo logwirizana la U.S. ku Iraq, Afghanistantian, ndi Suriya panthaŵiyo.

Magulu a asilikali amabweretsa luso lapadera lotetezera: madongosolo ankhondo oletsa kuchuluka kwa maselo, makemikolo, Biological, Radiological, ndi Nuclear (CBRN), ndi magulu ochirikiza kuukira kofulumira oima pa kuyankha ziwopsezo zobuka.

Kuyankha kwa Pandemic: Phunziro la Nkhani la CHOVID - 19

Mliri wa Covid-19 unachititsa kusonkhanitsa kwa mtendere kwa magulu ankhondo a National Guard, kusonyeza kuzoloŵera kwawo ziwopsezo zosakhala zamwambo. Pa kuyankha kwa mliri wochuluka, mamembala a Alonda oposa 50,000 anatumikira pa maseshoni a Covid [1] m'dziko lonselo, kupangitsa ilo kukhala limodzi la malo aakulu koposa osungiramo anthu m'mbiri ya Alonda.

Madokotala Amathandiza

Magulu a zamankhwala anakhazikitsa zipatala, owonjezera zipatala za anthu wamba, ndi kupereka chisamaliro chachindunji kwa wodwala. NKHONDO ndi USSS Meferest zombo za chipatala analandira antchito a zachipatala kuti awonjezere mphamvu. M'maboma olimba monga New York, mamembala a asilikali anagwira ntchito maola 12 m'zipatala zotsenderezedwa, kutumikira monga anamwino, ochiritsa mopuma, ndi antchito ochirikiza.

Kupyola chisamaliro chakuchipatala, oyang'anira anajambula malo opimirapo mamiliyoni ambiri opimira ku COVID. Magulu oyesa magalimoto anabweretsa maluso ku midzi ndi m’mizinda kumene nzika zinayang'anizana ndi zopinga za kuyang'anira zamwambo zaumoyo. Tintreessee National Guard [[[FLD:1], mwachitsanzo, inagwiritsa ntchito malo 50 oyesera amene anayesa mayeso oposa 500,000.

Zolingalira ndi Kugaŵira

Mliriwo unagogomezera kuperekera macheke a America, ndipo masuti a olondera anathandiza kukwaniritsa mipata. Mamembala anasunga nyumba zosungiramo katundu waumwini (PPE), kutumiza katundu ku zipatala zaumoyo, ndi kugaŵira zonse kuchokera ku makina otulutsa mpweya kupita ku akatemera.

Zakudya zosatetezereka zinaphulika mkati mwa malo osungira zinthu [1], ndi mamiliyoni a Aamereka ochezera mabanki a chakudya kwanthaŵi yoyamba. Ziŵalo za alonda zodzaza ndi kugaŵira mamiliyoni a chakudya, ndi magawo ena opanga chakudya choposa makilogalamu 400 tsiku ndi tsiku. Kudyetsa America maawilo adagwirizana ndi magulu a Alonda m'dziko lonse, maluso a asilikali owonjezera umisinkhuli kuti afutukule chakudya kufikira 400% m’zigawo zina.

Kugwira Ntchito ya Katemera

Pamene akatemera anakhalapo, Alonda anachita mbali yaikulu m'katemera wa America. Alonda anapha mfuti, anayang'anira malo operekera katemera, ndi kupereka majekeseni oyenda kufikira kumidzi ndi kumadera osungidwa. Pofika kumapeto kwa ngozi, mamembala a alonda adapereka mankhwala a katemera oposa 20 miliyoni [1]

Maulendo Oyenderana: Kuchokera ku Kumenya Nkhondo Kufikira ku Kusunga Mtendere

Kumenyana ndi Mabomba a M’nyanja Zam’madzi

Kuyambira 9 / 11, National Guard yasintha kuchoka ku malo apadera kukhala mphamvu yogwira ntchito nthaŵi zonse kumaiko akunja. Mamembala a alonda pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi atumiza ku Iraq ndi Afghanistan , ndi magawo ena omaliza maulendo ambiri omenya nkhondo. Zimenezi zikuimira kusintha kwakukulu kuchokera ku nkhondo ya Mawu ya a Guard monga mphamvu yomalizira ya nkhondo ya ku America.

Kusintha kwa Maderere

Kuukira kwa September 11 kunayambitsa kusonkhanitsa Alonda kwa nthaŵi yomweyo. Patangopita maola angapo, ndege zomenya nkhondo kuchokera ku magulu a asilikali a Air National Guard zinakhazikitsidwa kuyendera ndege ku mizinda yaikulu ya ku America [1] ntchito imene inapitiriza kwa zaka zambiri. Bungwe la New York National Guard’s 69th Infantry Regiment, limene linataya mamembala ake ku World Trade Center, pambuyo pake anatumizidwa ku Iraq, kubisa tsoka ndi ntchito yaikulu ya a galetalayo.

Ntchito Iraq Freedom and Expand Freedom inayang'anira gulu lonse la asilikali omenya nkhondo otumizidwa kwa miyezi 12-15, kuchititsa ntchito zofanana ndi magulu okangalika: kumenyana ndi asilikali, chitetezo chachikulu, kumanganso, ndi kuphunzitsa magulu ankhondo a kumaloko. [Magulu a Ana a Chigawo cha Chipulumutso cha 2005 Otumizidwa ku Iraq anasindikiza nthaŵi yoyamba kuyambira Nkhondo ya Dziko II kuti likhale likulu lonse la Alonda lokhala logwirizana ndi nkhondo.

Magulu ameneŵa anavutitsa nzika za nzika za dzikolo. Olemba ntchito analimbana ndi kusapezeka kwa antchito otchuka, mabanja anapirira ntchito zambiri, ndi alonda ena anathera nthaŵi yochuluka pa ntchito yawo kuposa moyo wa anthu wamba. Komabe Alonda anayenda ulendo uliwonse, kutsimikizira kuti asilikali ophunzitsidwa bwino ndi okonzeka akanatha kuchita ntchito iliyonse yankhondo.

Ntchito za Padziko Lonse Zamakono

Lerolino National Guard imasunga kukhalapo kwa kumaiko akunja kosalekeza kupyolera m'masinthidwe okhazikika. Magulu a alonda amapereka chisungiko kwa mamembala a Amereka, kuchititsa ntchito zophunzitsa ndi maiko ogwirizana, ndi kusungitsa kukonzekera kaamba ka kutumiza mofulumira. Ntchito Khonovo (KFOR) [KFOR] nthaŵi zonse imaphatikizapo magulu a a alonda osunga mtendere ku Balkans zaka makumi ambiri pambuyo pa kuloŵerera koyamba.

Magulu a Gulu la Nkhondo la Usilikali ("FLT:0] 19th ndi 20th Froms Gamps [1] Maseŵero a zamalonda padziko lonse, a msilikali odziŵa zinenero, chikhalidwe, ndi magawo a zaluso. Mabungwe ameneŵa amasonyeza kuti utumiki wa nthaŵi imodzi sutanthauza kudzipereka kwa nthaŵi imodzi ku kupambana.

Chitetezo ndi Chitetezo cha M’dziko

Ngakhale kuti pamakhala zinthu zamwadzidzidzi, bungwe la National Guard limakonza njira zotetezera dzikolo zimene zimathetsa kusiyana pakati pa malamulo ndi asilikali.

Ntchito za Chitetezo cha M’malire a M’dzikolo

Maboma angapo amasungabe kupitirizabe kugaŵikana kwa National Guard kumalire a Mexico, kuchirikiza Customs ndi Borders Protection kuyang'anira, zigamulo, ndi kukonza kwa zamagetsi. [[FLT: 0] Guardian Survice yatumiza mamembala a asilikali zikwi zambiri ku malire a kummwera chakumadzulo kuyambira 2018, kugaŵira makampani otetezera ndege, kukonza galimoto, ndi kuchirikiza operekera ufulu ku Boma la Patrol kwa ntchito za lamulo.

Ochirikiza chitetezo amalimbikitsa kuti chitetezo cha m’malire chikhale cholimba popanda kuwonjezera malamulo a boma, pamene otsutsa amada nkhaŵa ndi ntchito za ntchito za boma ndiponso mmene kukonzekera kukonzekera kukonzekera zinthu zina zamwadzidzidzi kungakhudzire chitetezo.

Kutetezedwa ndi Malamulo Ovuta

Nyengo ya magetsi inabweretsa ziwopsezo zatsopano zofunikira maluso a Alonda. Boma lililonse tsopano liri ndi National Guard [[FLT: 0] Cortection Magulu a National [FYber Protection ophunzitsidwa kutetezera zigwirizano zowopsya za makompyuta. Magulu ameneŵa a asilikali a usodzi wa anthu wamba . Nzochuluka za ntchito za luso la zopangapanga, za telefoni, kapena za pa Internet zolemba ntchito zawo za anthu wamba.

Pa masankho 2020, magulu oteteza makompyuta anachirikiza chitetezo cha masankho m’mayiko ambiri, kuyang'anira kusokonezeka ndi kupereka chithandizo chaluso kwa akuluakulu a masankho. Cybersecurity ndi Infrapublicature Security Agency (CISA) nthaŵi zonse akugwirizana ndi magulu a a a asilikali kuti atsimikizire ndi kulimbikitsa boma ndi kukhazikitsa udziko.

Magulu olondera amatetezanso nyumba zowonongeka. Pambuyo pa 9 / 11, Alonda anasunga malo a nyukiliya, malo ochiritsira madzi, ndi mikhole ina yothekera. Lerolino ndi ma Bukhu la za Ufulu Wakutetezera ntchito za kuyesa kupenda ndi kuyambitsa makonzedwe a kuyankha mmalo mwa kusunga chisungiko chosatha.

Kulimbana ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo

National Guard imapanga maprogramu ambiri otsutsana ndi mankhwala ochirikiza malamulo. Oyang'anira sangachirikize mwachindunji malamulo a anamgoneka koma amapereka chichirikizo chofunika: kuyang’anira ndege, kuchirikiza kwa mankhwala, ndi kutumizanso kwa nthaka. Guard’s Drug Task Forces [1] Magulu a CD [1] Ochirikiza ntchito zikwi zambiri za lamulo zosonkhezera zotulukapo m'mabiliyoni a madola m’kugwidwa ndi mankhwala ogodomalitsa.

Makinawa amathandiza anthu kudziwa kuti anthu akugwiritsa ntchito luso lawo popanga mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuphunzitsa ndi Kuŵerenga: Kukhalabe ndi Ntchito Yapadera

Zofunika Kuphunzitsa Nthaŵi Zonse

Kusunga kukonzekera kaamba ka ponse paŵiri mautumiki a boma ndi a boma kumafuna maphunziro aakulu kupyola ku "kutha kwa mlungu umodzi mwezi, milungu iŵiri pachaka" kudzipereka. [[FLT: 0] Kuphunzitsa kwa Anu kaŵirikaŵiri kumafutukuka kufika ku milungu itatu kapena inayi , ndi masukulu owonjezereka ndi maprojekiti olimbitsa thupi mkati mwa chaka.

Mabungwe omenyera nkhondo amapanga maluso a ndege mwezi uliwonse, kuyenerera kwa zida, ndi maluso. Mabungwe ochirikiza amatsatira luso lawo lapadera: madokotala amasungabe luso la zachipatala, mainjiniya amagwira ntchito zolemera, ndi makompyuta oyesera kutumiza zinthu. Oyendetsa ndege a National Guard ayenera kusamala maola a ndege omwewo ndi luso lofanana ndi la oyendetsa ndege.

Ma Center Phunziro la Combat [1] ku Fort Irwin California, ndi Fort Polk , Louisiana, amapereka maphunziro enieni olimbana ndi magulu otsutsana ndi anthu, makampani a anthu, ndi zochitika zozikidwa pa ziwopsezo zimene zilipo. Magulu a alonda amazungulira nthaŵi zonse kudutsa malo ameneŵa, ndipo amakumana ndi mikhalidwe yofanana ndi nkhondo yeniyeni monga momwe kungathekere.

Programu ya Ubwenzi wa Boma

Setmment Paramente (SPP) [[FLT ]] Magulu a asilikali adziko limodzi ndi asilikali achilendo kwa nthaŵi yaitali ndi maphunziro. Magwirizano ameneŵa, anayamba pambuyo pa Nkhondo ya Mawu kuthandiza maiko atsopano a Kummaŵa kwa Yuropu, tsopano akukuta maukwati 88 padziko lonse.

Chigwirizano cha Minnesota ndi Croatia, chomwe chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1996, chimasonyeza chisinthiko cha programu. Kusinthana koyamba kunakhudza ubale wa boma ndi gulu lankhondo la NATO. Lerolino, asilikali a Minnesota ndi Croatia amaphunzitsidwa pamodzi kuti athandize kukhazikitsa mtendere, amathandizirana pa zangozi, ndiponso amachita mapulogalamu oteteza pa Intaneti.

Anzawo ameneŵa amathandiza a m'mayiko onse kuti ateteze popanda kutumizidwa, kulimbitsa mgwirizano wa America, ndi kupanga ubale wankhondo ndi asilikali amene amapirira kusintha kwa ndale. Pakachitika masoka achilengedwe, mayiko amene akuphunzira nawo zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndipo nthaŵi zina amathandiza mwachindunji.

Maphunziro Osamalira Zamsanga

Kuyankha kwamwadzidzidzi kwa boma kumafuna maluso osiyana kuposa kulimbana ndi ntchito. Uyang'anira wa zachipatala ku National Emergency Training Center kumapereka maphunziro apadera m'malamulo a zochitika, pulogalamu ya tsoka, ndi kugwirizana kwa dongosolo. Oyang'anira amaphunzira mofanana ndi oyang’anira zadzidzidzi a m'boma, kutsimikizira njira ndi mawu ofala.

Kuyesa kukonzekera kuyang'anira madera oyendera tsoka lenileni. Alonda a Victoria amatsanzira zivomezi, mphepo zamkuntho, kapena zigaŵenga, zimene zimafuna kuti gulu la Alonda ligwirizane ndi mabungwe a anthu wamba, kupanga njira zolankhulirana zadzidzidzi, ndi kuyendetsa ntchito zazikulu zothandizira anthu osoŵa. Kumeneku kumasonyeza zophonya zimene zingachitike pasanapite tsoka lenileni.

Gulu ndi Chuma: Chiphunzitso cha Kuŵerenga

Mitundu ndi Malo Ogwirira Ntchito

Magulu a National Guard amitundu yosiyanasiyana amapereka maluso a ntchito iliyonse. Mabungwe ankhondo ndi zida zankhondo amapanga m'manja mwa nkhondo, pamene ndege zikugwira ntchito zonse kuchokera ku ndege zothawa ndi matenda kupita ku ndege zankhondo. Oyendetsa angapange mabulogi, zidutswa zoyera, kapena kumanga malo angozi. Mabungwe a a apolisi amapereka chitetezo ndi kuchirikiza lamulo.

Mabungwe opangidwa mwapadera amakamba zinthu zowopseza zapadera. Maweapons a Mass Clovin Sult Service Toms (WMD-CST) [WFLT:1] angaone maupandu a makemikolo, otengera kuthupi, kapena a wailesi ndi kulangiza akuluakulu a boma kuti ayankhe. CBRN Reefd Response Force Imbations (CERFPS) imapereka kuchotsa kwa anthu ambiri ndi mankhwala pambuyo pa zochitika za WDD.

Air National Guard imayendetsa ndege zapamwamba kuphatikizapo F-35, zombo za KC-135, ndi ndege za katundu C- 130. Mabungwe amenewa amakhala osamala kwambiri poteteza dziko lawo, ndipo asilikali okonzeka kunyamuka pasanathe mphindi zingapo kuti athane ndi zoopsa. Makampani oyendetsa sitima amathandiza kunyamula ndege kuti asilikali ayende bwino komanso kuti athandize pa ngozi.

Zogwiritsa Ntchito Ndiponso Zogwiritsa Ntchito Masiku Ano

National Guard imagwiritsira ntchito chiwiya chofanana ndi mphamvu zogwira ntchito, ngakhale kuti kupangidwa kwamakono kaŵirikaŵiri kumatsalira. Magawo a National Guard Abrams tanki [1], Bradley Fighting Vehicles, ndi Apache helikoputas. Komabe, nthaŵi zambiri alonda amalandira zida pambuyo pa kukwera kwa mayuniti, kupanga mipata ya mphamvu zimene zimayambukira kukonzekera.

Zolinga zaposachedwapa zokonzekeretsa Alonda kaamba ka ntchito za boma. National Guard Bureau's Seŵererani maprogramu a zipangizo kuika zinthu zofunika pa zonse ziŵiri zomenyana ndi ntchito zapanyumba: malole, ndege zoulutsira mawu, ndi zipangizo zaunjiniya. Maboma angagulenso zipangizo zachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama za boma ndi ndalama za boma.

Koma kuti asilikali apitirize kukonzekera, pamafunika kukambirana za ndalama zothandizira asilikali kuti apeze ndalama zothandizira kuti atetezedwe.

Mavuto a Kupereka Ndalama ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ndalama

National Guard imachokera ku zinthu zambiri, kupanga ndalama zocholoŵana za bajeti. Ndalama zokhala ndi maphunziro ambiri, zipangizo, ndi ndalama zosamalira ya ntchito za boma. Maboma amapereka ndalama zosiyanasiyana kaamba ka zofunika za boma, zipangizo, ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwadzidzidzi.

Alondawo amagwira ntchito pa 12% ya bajeti ya Army pamene akugaŵira 39% ya mphamvu yake yogwira ntchito [1] ilo lothandiza limene limapulumutsa mabiliyoni chaka chilichonse. Komabe, kuyendetsa kumeneku kumabwera ndi malonda: zipangizo zakale, mwaŵi wochepa wa kuphunzitsa, ndi zitokoso kupitirizabe kukonzekera ntchito ziŵiri.

Maboma achuma amathandiza kwambiri kuti ateteze anthu pakagwa mavuto. Maboma osauka amavutika kuti apeze ndalama zothandizira ntchito za asilikali.

Chikalata cha Posse Comitatus Act ndi Ulamuliro wa Boma

Posse Comitatus Act ya 1878 imaletsa magulu ankhondo a boma kuchititsa ntchito za lamulo mkati mwa United States, koma magulu a National Guide amene amagwira ntchito pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma atsala. Kusiyanitsa kumeneku kumatheketsa akazembe kugwiritsira ntchito magulu a alonda kaamba ka chichirikizo cha lamulo pamene asilikali a boma sangathe kuchita ntchito zofanana.

Malamulo amenewa akusonyeza kuti boma limakhala ndi malamulo atatu: Boma Likugwira ntchito Duty (SAD) ndipo limayang’anira zinthu monga ndalama zoyendetsera boma, Woyang’anira 32 wa makampani ndi woyang’anira, komanso mutu 10 wa bungwe lolamulira zinthu, limakhala ndi udindo wosiyana, kupereŵera, ndiponso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama.

Kuzindikira kusiyana kumeneku panthaŵi ya ntchito zovuta. Mkati mwa mphepo ya mkuntho Katrina, magulu ena a Agaŵenga ogwiritsiridwa ntchito pansi pa ulamuliro wa boma pamene ena anaikidwa, kupanga zitokoso ndi kugwirizanitsa. Atsogoleri a matupi [1] Maofesala ololedwa kulamulira onse aŵiri boma ndi boma ndi boma . Tsopano amathandiza maulalo ameneŵa pa nthaŵi ya ntchito zazikulu.

Kugwirizana kwa Mayiko ndi EMAC

Emperency Management Alternation Compact (EMAC) [FLT :1] imatheketsa maboma kugawana zinthu za National Guide panthaŵi ya ngozi. Kuikidwa ndi Congress ndi maboma onse 50, EMAC imapereka maziko alamulo kaamba ka kutumizidwa kwa alonda a maiko pamene akusunga malamulo omveka bwino ndi kukwaniritsa thayo.

Mkati mwa mphepo ya mkuntho Sandy, magulu a alonda kuchokera ku dziko lonselo anatumizidwa ku dziko lowonongeka kudzera ku EMAC. Ohio oinjiniya a asilikali anathandiza kubwezeretsa mphamvu ku New York, pamene kuli kwakuti ndege za North Carolina Guide ndopolopetala zinatsogolera zopulumutsa ku New Jersey. Malo otumiza ku madera akumidzi ameneŵa amasonyezadi mtundu wa National Guard ngakhale kuti gulu la boma lapamwamba.

M’pofunika kuti boma livomereze kutumiza ndi kulandira mayiko ena, kuteteza boma kuti lisamavutike kwambiri.

Ntchito Zodziŵika za National Guard: Maphunziro Ofufuza za Kachitidwe ka Kake

Mphepo ya Katrina: Zimene Tikuphunzira pa Nkhani Yogwirizana

Katrina adakali yankho lachilengedwe lamphamvu kwambiri la National Guard , ndi ziŵalo za alonda zoposa 50,000 kuchokera m'maboma ndi magawo onse 54 omwe akutengamo mbali. Kuyankhako kunasonyeza ponse paŵiri mphamvu za Alonda ndi kulephera kwa dongosolo kumene kunasonkhezera kusintha kwakukulu.

Louisiana ndi Mississippi National Guards, mosasamala kanthu za kuvutika ndi kutayikiridwa kwa munthu ndi mphepo yamkuntho, adayamba ntchito zopulumutsa. [FLT: 0] Boma la Louisiana la Gada la Task Pelican linapulumutsa anthu oposa 23,000 , kaŵirikaŵiri kugwiritsira ntchito maboti ankhondo pamene zida zankhondo zinakhala zosakwanira kusefukira kwa m'tauni. Magulu a asilikali a Mississippi anasunga gombe lowonongeka ndi kugaŵira mamiliyoni a makilogalamu a zinthu zamwaŵiro.

Komabe, kulephera kwa mgwirizano pakati pa boma ndi boma, madongosolo osakwanira a kulankhulana, ndi kuchedwa kwa njira zotumizira zinthu zopimira. Kusoŵa kwa malamulo ovuta kugwirizanitsa magulu a asilikali a boma ndi magulu a asilikali oyendetsa zinthu a boma. Maphunzirowa anathandiza kuti pakhale njira zoyankhira zoyenerera ndi njira zoyendera zoyendera zoyendera mogwirizana zimene zikugwiritsidwabe ntchito masiku ano.

Malo a Los Angeles Riots: Kukonzanso Mwambo

Chipwirikiti cha Los Angeles mu 1992 pambuyo pa chigamulo cha Rodney King chinafuna kusonkhanitsa Alonda a chipwirikiti chachikulu koposa kuyambira m'ma 1960. Patangotha maola angapo chipwirikiticho chitayamba, Bwanamkubwa wa California Pete Wilson anakhazikitsa magulu a Alonda, potsirizira pake anatumiza asilikali 100,000 ku Los Angeles County [1].

Alonda anakumana ndi mavuto ovuta: kuteteza ozimitsa moto opitirira 3,000, kuteteza mabizinesi kuti asaphe, ndiponso kuti asachite zinthu mwadongosolo popanda chiwawa. Malamulo a pangano ankalimbikitsa mphamvu zochepa, ndipo asilikali ambiri ankayenda popanda mfuti. Kupezeka kwa asilikali olangidwa kunathandiza kubwezeretsa bata popewa njira zachiwawa zimene zinayambitsa chipwirikiti choyamba.

Nyumbayo inaonetsa kufunika kwa Alonda m'maupandu a anthu: chilango cha nkhondo ndi maphunziro limodzi ndi madera ena. Asilikali ambiri amene anatumizidwa ku madera okhudzidwa ndi tsokali, ankawachititsa kukhala ndi moyo wamtendere pamene anali omvetsa zinthu.

9/11 ndi Chiwombankhanga Chapamwamba

Kuukira kwa September 11 kunachititsa ntchito za National Guard Development. Patangopita maola angapo, National Guard F-15 ndi F-16s adakhazikitsa asilikali ankhondo olondera ndege m’mizinda yaikulu . ndege yoyamba yankhondo yolimba yotetezera malo a pandege za America chiyambire Nkhondo Yadziko II.

Mabwalo a ndege otetezeredwa, milatho, mafakitale a nyukiliya, ndi zinthu zina zofunikira kwambiri. New York National Guard inayamba kuteteza pulogalamu ya parameter ku Ground Zero, inachirikiza kufunafuna ndi kukonzanso, ndipo inapereka chithandizo kwa opereka chithandizo cha mwamsanga. Kuyankha kumeneku kunasonyeza mphamvu yapadera ya alonda kupereka mphamvu zankhondo kaamba ka chitetezo cha dziko lawo popanda kukhazikitsa lamulo lankhondo.

Kugwira ntchito ya Chiombankhanga Chamake, ntchito yoteteza dziko lawo yomwe inayamba pa 9 /11 , yakhudza anthu zikwi mazana ambiri a asilikali. Magulu a asilikali a ndege amakhala odikira kuti athane ndi ziwopsezo, pamene magulu a asilikali a dzikolo anayamba kuchita zinthu mofulumira pa zochitika za zigawenga. Ntchito zimenezi zinasintha kwambiri ntchito ya alonda kuchokera ku malo a asilikali kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito yoteteza dziko lawo.

Tsogolo la Alonda a Dzikolo

Kuthetsa Ziwopsezo ndi Mauthenga

Kusintha kwa nyengo kumafuna kulabadira kwa National Guard prase. Zoopsa kwambiri ndi zoopsa kwambiri zachilengedwe, ndi zipangizo zoteteza anthu, zomwe zimayankha zinthu zambiri panthaŵi imodzi. Kuphatikiza 2020 kwa miliri, kutsendereza kwamoto, ndi kusokonezeka kwa mphamvu za alonda kufupi ndi kusweka kwa mphamvu za boma.

Kuopsa kwa anthu kumatanthauzanso malo ena opita ku maofesi a asilikali. Boma ndi maboma akupitirizabe kupempha apolisi kuti awathandize pa Intaneti powateteza powateteza. Maboma apadera a asilikali amalola kuti mabungwe a boma azithandiza anthu, kuphatikizapo akatswiri a zaumisiri a boma, ndipo amaonetsetsa kuti zimenezi ndi zofunika kwambiri poteteza makompyuta.

Magulu a pa mlengalenga amazindikiritsa malire atsopano koposa kaamba ka ntchito za National Guards . Magulu a Air National Guard ayamba kale kugwiritsira ntchito njira zochenjezera foni ndi mabomba. Pamene Magulu a Space Force akula, [[FLT: 0] Zipani za National Guard [[FLT: 1] zingapereke kwa akazembe a boma okhala ndi mphamvu zozikidwa pa mlengalenga za kuyankha tsoka ndi kulankhulana.

Kusintha Maganizo ndi Kulephera Kuwakumbukira

Kusungabe chilolezo chonse cha National Guard chikuyang'anizana ndi mavuto ambiri. Malo owonjezera kuyambira 9 / 11 adasokoneza nzika za nzika ndi fakitale ya nzika, ndipo mabwana ena safuna kulemba ntchito alonda osoŵa chaka chonse. Zitsenderezo za banja kuchokera ku malo ambiri otumizidwa ku madera osiyanasiyana zinapangitsa ziŵalo zambiri zozoloŵera kusiya utumiki.

Mliri wa Chovid-19 unawonjezera kupsinjika maganizo, ndipo boma linathandiza kwambiri kuti alonda asamagwire ntchito za boma kwa miyezi ingapo. Mamembala ena anataya ntchito kapena mabizinesi a anthu wamba panthaŵi imene anatumizidwa ku kampani, kugogomezera kusagwirizana pakati pa ntchito ya alonda ndi ntchito wamba.

Kubwezera Aamereka achichepere kumavuta mowonjezereka pamene ali ndi ubale wankhondo wocheperapo ndipo ambiri satha kukwaniritsa miyezo yaubwino kapena maphunziro. Alonda amapikisana ndi asilikali okangalika, olemba ntchito wamba, ndi maphunziro apamwamba kaamba ka dziŵe lochepa la oyembekezera oyeneretsedwa limodzimodzi.

Kupangidwa kwa Masiku Ano ndi Kukula kwa Ntchito

Ziwiya zamakono za National Guard zifunikira kupikisana ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri ndi bajeti yotsenderezedwa. Pamene kuli kwakuti magulu a asilikali potsirizira pake amalandira zipangizo zamakono, liŵiro lokhudza kukonzekera ndi kukhoza. Omenya nkhondo a m'nyengo yachisanu, ndege zopita patsogolo, ndi madongosolo amakono a kulankhulana amafunikira mabiliyoni ambiri m'kuikizira.

Malo ambiri osungiramo zida zankhondo a m’ma 1950 ndiponso kusoŵa kwa malo ophunzitsira amakono. Madongosolo a maphunziro apadera angathandize kuti anthu azitha kuwaphunzitsa popanda kupita ku malo apakati koma kuti apange zipangizo zamakono.

Kulinganiza kwa maluso a boma ndi a boma kumakhalabe kotsutsana. Ena akutsutsa kuti Agaŵenga ayenera kusumika maganizo kwambiri pa kulimbana ndi kukonzekera, ndi kulabadira kwadzidzidzi monga ntchito yachiŵiri. Ena amachirikiza maluso owonjezereka osamalira ngozi ngakhale ngati kuchepetsa kufunitsitsa. Kulimbana kwakukuluku kudzaumba kukula kwa m'tsogolo kwa Alonda.

Kumaliza: Mbali ya Oyang’anira Boma m’Maboma

National Guard imaimira bungwe lapadera la ku America limene limagawa gawo la asilikali wamba pamene likugaŵira maluso ofunika kaamba ka chitetezo cha dziko ndi chitetezo cha dziko. Kuyambira pa maziko ake a atsamunda kufikira pa mbali yake yamakono monga malo osungirako zinthu, Alonda atsimikizira mobwerezabwereza phindu lake m’mavuto ndi nkhondo.

ntchito ya boma yopanga maulamuliro yooneka ngati yovuta ndipo nthaŵi zina yotsutsana imakhaladi yodabwitsa. Olamulira angakonze mwamsanga maluso ankhondo pamavuto popanda boma kapena kukhazikitsa lamulo lankhondo. Pulezidenti angapeze magulu ankhondo ophunzitsidwa popanda kukhazikitsa usilikali wokangalika. Mabungwe amapindula ndi nzika za nzika zimene zimazindikira zofunika zankhondo pamene zikubweretsa zida ndi chilango.

Zaka zaposachedwapa zasonyeza zonse ziŵiri luso la a polisi ndi malire awo. Mliri wa Covid-19, chipwirikiti cha dziko lonse, ndi masoka achilengedwe anafalikira pamene anali kusonyeza mbali yawo yofunika kwambiri m'kulimbana kwa America. Kumadera a ku Iraq ndi Afghanistan anasonyeza kuti nzika za nzika zikhoza kuchita ntchito iliyonse yankhondo pamene zikusamalira usilikali wawo.

Komabe zovuta zikutsala. boma ndi ntchito za boma zimavuta kwambiri pamene zonse ziŵiri zikufunikira kuwonjezereka. Kukhalabe wokonzekera kulimbana pamene mukukonzekera kaamba ka zipangizo zamakono za m'nyumba ndi nthaŵi yophunzitsa. Kubwezeretsa ndi kusunga nzika zankhondo kumavuta kwambiri pamene utumiki wankhondo umakhala wofala ndi wosavuta kutumiza.

Tsogolo la National Guard limadalira pa kuzindikira phindu lake lapadera pamene likugaŵira zinthu zofunika pa ntchito ziŵiri. Izi zimatanthauza zipangizo zamakono zothandizira pa nkhondo ndi kuyankha kodzidzimutsa, madongosolo ophunzitsa amene amasamalira ntchito za anthu wamba a nzika, ndi malamulo amene amateteza ntchito za alonda panthaŵi imene ntchito zawo zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mowonjezereka.

Boma National Guards lidzapitirizabe kupitirizabe pamene ziwopsezo zikusintha ndi kupita patsogolo kwa tekinoloji. Kugwira ntchito kwa Cyber, maluso a m’mlengalenga, ndi madongosolo opanda anthu kudzagwirizana ndi mphamvu zamwambo ndi za mphepo. Kusintha kwa nyengo kudzachititsa mayankhidwe angozi ndi owopsa. Mayanjano apadziko lonse adzawonjezereka pamene mavuto apadziko lonse afunikira kuthetseratu.

Pamasinthidwe onsewa, alonda a National Guardy (akuluakulu a National Guard , omwe akutumikira m'midzi yawo ndi dziko) adzapirira. Mwambo wa anthu wamba onyamula zida panthaŵi yamavuto, ndiyeno kubwerera ku zolondola zamtendere, umasonyeza zolinga za ku Amereka za ntchito ya boma ndi ulamuliro wa demokalase. Kaya alabadi a ku Iowa, kumenyana ndi Afghanistan, kapena kugaŵira akatemera mkati mwa mlirimeli, alonda amasonyeza kuti nzika wamba zingachite zinthu zachilendo pamene zigawo zawo ndi dziko zikuwafuna.

Nkhani ya National Guard ikunena za ntchito . Anansi athandiza anansi, nzika kutetezera demokrase, ndi asilikali anthaŵi imodzi amene afika pamlingo wanthaŵi zonse. Malinga ngati America akuyang'anizana ndi ziwopsezo zachilendo ndi zapanyumba, Alondawo akakhala okonzekera, kutsimikizira kuti mwambo wa nzika ndi wotchuka womwe unayamba pafupifupi zaka 400 zapitazo udakali wofunika lerolino. Kumvetsetsa ndi kuchirikiza gulu lapadera limeneli kumatsimikizira kuti pamene tsoka lotsatira lifika / ndipo ilo lidzakhaladi ndi moyo wokonzekera kuyankha, monga momwe wachitira m'mbiri yonse ya ku America.

Mabuku Owonjezereka

Kaamba ka chidziŵitso chowonjezereka ponena za kapangidwe ka National Guard ndi ntchito zamakono, pitani pawebusaiti ya National Guard Bureau ya United States , imene imapereka chidziŵitso chatsatanetsatane ponena za magulu onse aŵiri a Army ndi Air National Guard, Malo, ndi mmene mungachirikizire mabanja a Agadi. National Guard Association of the United States Ochirikiza mamembala a Alonda ndi kupereka kusanthula kwa malamulo pa nkhani zokhudza gululo.

[[ML:0][FLT :1] [[MLT:2][[FLT]][[FULT:3]]