Table of Contents
Alexander Hamilton anabadwa pa January 11, 1755 kapena 1757, ndipo anachokera ku chiyambi cha Caribbean chotsika kukhala mmodzi wa akatswiri otchuka kwambiri a dongosolo la boma la America. Monga Mlembi woyamba wa Treasury ya United States kuyambira 1789 mpaka 1795, malamulo a Hamilton a m’masomphenya ndi kusamvera boma lamphamvu kwambiri zinaumba maziko a malamulo a boma ndi maziko a zachuma a United States. Zopereka zake ku American Stateism . Mwa zolemba zake, kuyambika kwa chuma, ndi utsogoleri wandale .
Moyo Wanga Udakali Waung’ono Ndiponso Zokumana Nazo Zolimbikitsa ku Caribbean
Kubadwa ndi Banja
Anabadwa kunja kwa ukwati ku Charlestown , Nevis, zaka zoyambirira za Alexander Hamilton zinadziŵika ndi mavuto ndi kusakhazikika . Makolo ake anali James Hamilton, wamalonda wa ku Scotland wa St. Christopher, ndi Rachel Fawcett, amene ukwati wake wakale unatha mu chisudzulo. Khotilo linaletsa kukwatiranso pambuyo pa chisudzulo chake, kupangitsa ukwati wa James Hamilton kukhala wovomerezeka kwa anthu ku West Indies, koma osati kwina kulikonse. Malo osaloledwawo akatsatira Hamilton m’moyo wake wonse, nthaŵi zinagwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi otsutsa andale kuukira mkhalidwe wake.
Bambo ake, James Hamilton, anamsiya iye ndi mchimwene wake James pamene anali ang'ono, akumasiya banja lawo m’mikhalidwe yovuta ya zachuma. Mu 1768, amayi a Hamilton, Rachel Faucette, anamwalira chifukwa cha Yellow Fever, akumachititsa Hamilton kukhala wamasiye pa zaka pafupifupi 13. Zokumana nazo zoyambirira zimenezi za kutayikiridwa ndi kutayikiridwa zinampangitsa Hamilton kukhala ndi chisonkhezero chachikulu cha chipambano ndi kuzindikira zimene zingamchititse kukwera kwake kodabwitsa.
Maphunziro ndi Ntchito Yoyamba
Ngakhale kuti Hamilton anali ndi mavuto ake, Hamilton anasonyeza nzeru zapadera kuyambira ali wamng'ono. Pamene amayi ake anali kukhala, Alexander ndi James Jr . adalandira mphunzitsi ndi makalasi pasukulu yapadera yotsogozedwa ndi mtsogoleri Wachiyuda, ndipo Alexander anawonjezera maphunziro ake ndi laibulale ya banja la mabuku 34. Pambuyo pa imfa ya amayi ake, Hamilton anakhala kalaliki ku Beekman ndi Cruger, kampani ya ku port yomwe inali kugulitsana ndi chigawo cha New York ndi New England.
Ngakhale kuti Hamilton anali wachichepere, anatsimikizira kukhala wokhoza mokwanira monga wamalonda wotsala wa kampaniyo kwa miyezi isanu mu 1771 pamene mwiniyo anali panyanja. Chokumana nacho choyambirira cha bizinesi chimenechi chinatsimikizira kukhala chamtengo wapatali, kupatsa Hamilton chidziŵitso chogwira ntchito cha malonda a mitundu yonse, ndalama, ndi malonda amene pambuyo pake akadziŵitsa malamulo ake a zachuma monga Mlembi wa Ndalama. Malinga ndi kunena kwa mwana wake John, Hamilton analoza ku zokumana nazo za ntchitoyi kukhala "mbali yopindulitsa kwambiri ya maphunziro ake".
Kalata ya Mkuntho ndi Ulendo Wopita ku Amereka
Maluso aukatswiri a Hamilton anatulukira modabwitsa mu 1772. Analemba kalata yatsatanetsatane kwa atate ake yonena za mphepo yamkuntho imene inasakaza Akristu pa August 30, 1772, ndi Reerend Hugh Knox, Mphunzitsi ndi mlangizi wa Hamilton, anatumiza kalata yofalitsa mu Royal Denmark-American Gazette. Kulongosola komveka bwino kwa tsoka lachilengedwe kunakondweretsa atsogoleri a m'mudzi wa Hamilton ndi luso la kulemba.
His intelligence, writing, and administrative abilities were recognized by local benefactors who created a fund to provide him with a formal education in the North American colonies. In 1772, Hamilton arrived in New York City, marking the beginning of a new chapter that would transform him from an orphaned clerk into a founding father of a new nation.
Maphunziro ndi Kuloŵetsedwamo kwa Chisinthiko
Kufufuza Zinthu pa Koleji ya King
Mu 1773, Hamilton anaphunzira pa Elizabethtown Academy, sukulu yokonzekera ku New Jersey, ndiyeno analembetsa pa King's College (tsopano Columbia University). Pamene anali kumeneko, adadziŵitsidwa ku William Livingston, katswiri wa maphunziro ndi wosintha zinthu wakomweko amene anamsonkhezera, ndipo anakwera ndi a Livingston pamene anali kuphunzira. Kukopeka ndi malingaliro osintha zinthu ndi akatswiri a ndale zadziko otchuka kunathandiza Hamilton kuyambitsa nthanthi ya ndale zadziko.
Monga wophunzira iye anadziloŵetsa m'chipanduko chosintha zinthu ndi kutsutsa ulamuliro wa Britain pa misonkhano, ndipo anafalitsanso mapepala aŵiri osonkhezera: Kutsimikizira Mayeso a Congress ndi Farmer Refured . Zolemba zoyambirira zimenezi zinasonyeza mphatso ya Hamilton ya kugamula mfundo zandale ndi kukhoza kwake kulongosola malamulo a malamulo ovuta m’chinenero chopezeka. Mathayensi amene adzatsimikizira pambuyo pake kukhala ofunika kwa malamulo a m'Chilamulo.
Utumiki wa Usilikali m’Nkhondo ya Chisinthiko
Nkhondo ya Kudziimira paokha itaulika, Hamilton adalemba ntchito yoyang’anira kampani ya New York Artillery . Maluso ake ankhondo anakopa chidwi mwamsanga. Poyamba George Washington adalandira chidziŵitso mu New York ndi New Jersey Campaign , ndi Washington anazindikira kuti Hamilton anali ndi mtima wofuna kuima nji, anali wolinganiza, ndiponso anali wokhulupirika ku chochititsa.
Pofika March 1777, Hamilton adakhazikika kwambiri monga mmodzi wa banja lankhondo lapafupi la Washington, kutumikira monga ngati aide-de-camp kwa kazembe wamkulu. Kwa zaka zinayi, Hamilton anagwira ntchito kumbali ya Washington, kuyang'anira ntchito zankhondo, kugwirizanitsa ntchito zankhondo, ndi kupeza chidziŵitso chosatha cha mavuto a kulamulira ndi kuchirikiza nkhondo pansi pa Nkhani zofooka za Confederation.
Mofanana ndi ena ambiri amene anatumikira mu Continental Army, Hamilton ananyoza Congress monga ipett, imene inatulukapo chitsimikiziro chake cholimba chakuti United States watsopanoyo anafuna boma lamphamvu.
Mapepala a Ogwirizana: Kuchirikiza Kutenga Malamulo
Chiyambi ndi Chifuno cha Olinganiza
Pambuyo pa kumaliza kwa Convention ya Constitution ya Constitution mu September 1787, Malamulo olingaliridwawo anayang’anizana ndi chitsutso chachikulu, makamaka m’maiko aakulu onga New York. Hamilton, limodzi ndi Virginian James Madison ndi mnzake wa ku New York John Jay, analemba zimene zinadziŵika monga The Federalist Papers, mpambo wa nkhani, wofalitsidwa mosadziŵika, amene anatsutsa kuvomerezedwa kwa Malamulo.
Federalist Papers ndi msonkhani wa nkhani ndi zolemba 85 zolembedwa ndi Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, ndi John Jay pansi pa dzina lachipani la tchadia "Publius" kuchirikiza kupekedwa kwa Malamulo a United States. Zolemba zoyambirira makumi asanu ndi aŵiri ndi zisanu ndi ziŵiri zimenezi zinafalitsidwa motsatizanatsatizana mu Independent Journal, New York Packet, ndi Daily Advertiservertiser pakati pa October 1787 ndi April 1788.
Hamilton Anapereka Zopereka ndi Nkhani Zofunika Kwambiri
Monga wotsogolera wolemba, Hamilton adalemba 51 a nkhanizo, ndi Madison akulemba 29 ndi Jay akugawana nkhani 5. Nkhani za Hamilton zinaphatikiza nkhani zambiri zofunika kuti amvetsetse dongosolo la boma lolinganizidwa, kuphatikizapo zofooka za Servetus of Confederation, kufunika kwa mgwirizano, kapangidwe ka nthambi ya akuluakulu a boma, ndi mphamvu za boma.
Zopereka za Hamilton ku The Federalist Papers zinaphatikizapo nkhani zingapo zimene zimakhalabe mbali yaikulu ya kumasulira kwa lamulo. Mu Federalist No. 1, iye analongosola mbali yaikulu ya ntchitoyo ndipo anagogomezera kufunika kwa mbiri ya chigamulo choyang'anizana ndi Aamereka. Hamilton anaukira boma mwa kukonza dongosolo la boma lomwe lilipoli pansi pa Nkhani za Confederation, akumasonyeza zolakwa zambiri zimene zimasumika pa kulephera kwawo kupereka chitetezo chofanana kapena kusungitsa dongosolo la anthu onse.
Mu Federalist No. 70, Hamilton anapanga mlandu wamphamvu kwa mkulu mmodzi, wamphamvu. Federal List No. 70 amachirikiza kufunika kwa mkulu mmodzi (Uyang’aniro) kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi thayo ndi ulamuliro wogwira ntchito. Iye anatsutsa kuti mphamvu yapamwamba ifunikira kusumikidwa mwa munthu mmodzi kutsimikizira nyonga, kutsimikiza, ndi kuŵerengera zimene zaumba desicien wa ku America kuyambira nthaŵi zonse.
Hamilton adalembanso Federalist No. 78, yomwe inalankhula ndi nthambi yachiweruzo. Federallist No. 78 akufotokoza ntchito ya jaji ndi kufunika kwa kupenda zembe. M’nkhaniyi, Hamilton anafotokoza mfundo yakuti jaji ayenera kuyang'anira mphamvu ya malamulo, kukhazikitsa maziko a mawu a mphamvu ya Bwalo Lapamwamba la kupenda kwa chiweruzo kumene kungavomerezedwe mwalamulo ku Marbury v. Madison.
Kugwira Ntchito ndi Kukhalabe ndi Tanthauzo
Kuchiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 19, Federalist Papers inatchuka monga mafotokozedwe odalirika a Malamulo, ndipo Woweruza Wamkulu wa Bwalo Lapamwamba John Marshall anazitchula m'milandu yotchuka yonga Marbury v. Madison (1803) ndi McCulloch v. Maryland (1819). Nkhanizo zakhala zoŵerengedwa zofunika kuti zimvetsetse zolinga za olemba malamulo ndi maziko anthanthi a boma la American.
Mapepala a Federalist Mapepala adakali ofunika kwa aliyense wophunzira Constitution kapena nthanthi ya ndale zadziko ya Amereka, kupereka chidziŵitso cha zolinga za okonza maulaketi ndi zitokoso za kulinganiza ulamuliro wa boma ndi ufulu wa munthu aliyense. Akatswiri alamulo, oweruza, ndi asayansi andale zadziko amapitirizabe kutchula nkhani zimenezi pomasulira malamulo ndi kufotokoza za ukulu woyenera wa ulamuliro wa boma.
Kukhazikitsa Dongosolo la Ndalama
Kuikidwa Kukhala Mlembi Woyamba wa Ndalama
Pulezidenti Washington anaika Hamilton kukhala Mlembi woyamba wa Treasury, kumene anayala maziko a ufumu wa zachuma wa America. Mu September 1789, Hamilton anayang’anizana ndi ntchito yovuta yokhazikitsa kudalirika kwa boma latsopano, limene linalandira ngongole zankhondo zazikulu ndipo linalibe dongosolo logwirizana la kupezera ndalama kapena kuyendetsa ndalama za boma.
Hamilton anafikira chitokoso chimenechi ndi mphamvu ndi maso, akumatulutsa mpambo wa malipoti okhutiritsa amene analongosola programu ya kutukuka kwa dziko. Dongosolo lake la zachuma linazikidwa pa mizati ingapo yofunika kwambiri: kukhazikitsa ngongole ya anthu kupyolera mwa kulinganiza ndi kuchirikiza ndalama za ngongole, kupanga banki ya dziko, kuchirikiza kupanga zinthu kupyolera mwa olemba malamulo otetezera, ndi kutulutsa ndalama kupyolera mwa misonkho yoikiza.
Kutengeredwa Kumwamba ndi Kupereka Malipiro a Ngongole
M’Chikalata chake chotchedwa First Report on Public Credit, choperekedwa ku Congress mu January 1790, Hamilton analingalira kuti boma likhale ndi thayo la ngongole zonse ziŵiri za dziko ndi boma zochitidwa mkati mwa Nkhondo ya Chisinthiko. Chigamulo chotsutsana chimenechi chinayang’anizana ndi chitsutso chowopsa, makamaka cha ku Southern State chomwe chinali chitalipira kale ngongole yawo yaikulu ya nkhondo.
Hamilton ananena kuti lingaliro linali lofunika kwambiri kukhazikitsa kuyenerera kwa boma la boma ndi kupanga chuma chogwirizana cha dziko. Mwakulola boma la boma kukhala ndi ngongole za boma, iye akapanga gulu la okongoletsa okhala ndi chiwongola dzanja cha chipambano cha boma. Makonzedwewo anaphatikizaponso kupereka ndalama za ngongoleyo pamtengo wokwanira, kutanthauza kuti boma likalemekeza mathayo ake kotheratu mmalo mwa kuchepetsa.
Potsirizira pake makonzedwe oyerekezera anakhazikitsa Nyumba ya Malamulo monga mbali ya Malamulo otchuka mu 1790, mmene Hamilton anagwirizana kuchirikiza kupeza likulu la dzikolo pa Mtsinje wa Potomac posinthana ndi kuchirikiza kwa Kummwera kwa Chidziŵitso. Kulolera kumeneku, kotsutsana ndi thandizo la Thomas Jefferson ndi James Madison, kunasonyeza nduna zandale za Hamilton ndi kufunitsitsa kwake kuchitapo kanthu kuti akwaniritse zolinga zake.
Banki Yoyamba ya ku United States
Mu December 1790, Hamilton anapereka lipoti lake Lachiŵiri pa Public Credit, limene linalingalira za kupangidwa kwa banki ya dziko loikidwa pa Bank of England. Bank of United States likatumikira ntchito zambiri: ikapereka malo abwino kaamba ka ndalama za boma, kutheketsa kusonkhetsa msonkho, kupereka ngongole ku boma ndi mabizinesi aumwini, ndi kupereka ndalama ya dziko yokhazikika.
Chikalata cha banki chinayambitsa mkangano waukulu wa malamulo. Thomas Jefferson ndi James Madison anatsutsa kuti Malamulo sanapatse Bungwe mphamvu ya kukhazikitsa banki, ndi kuti kuchita zimenezo kungasokoneze mphamvu za boma za Ten Americanment ku maboma. Hamilton anayankha ndi kuteteza mphamvu zomveka, akumanena kuti lamulo la Claus ndi staty linapatsa boma loletsa dala kugwiritsira ntchito njira iliyonse imene siingaletsetsetse kuyendetsa mphamvu zake zotchulidwa.
Chiphunzitso cha Hamilton cha maulamuliro otanthauza, chofotokozedwa m'Chiganizo chake pa Malamulo a Banki, chinakhala maziko a kumasulira kwa lamulo. Pulezidenti Washington anagwirizana ndi udindo wa Hamilton, ndipo Banki Yoyamba ya United States inalandira chikalata chake mu February 1791. Banki inakhala yachipambano kwa zaka makumi aŵiri, kupangitsa dongosolo la zachuma la ku America kukhazikika ndi kuwonjezera chuma.
Lipoti la Zochita
Mu December 1791, Hamilton anapereka lipoti lake pa Manufactures ku Congress, akumafotokoza masomphenya omvekera bwino a kupita patsogolo kwa maindasitale a America. M’lipotilo, adatsutsa kuti kupangidwa kwa ndalama zothandizira anthu ndi zikalata za makampani kupititsa patsogolo kuwonjezereka kwa maindasitale. Hamilton anakhulupirira kuti United States inafunikira kukulitsa mphamvu yake yopanga kuti ipeze ufulu weniweni wa zachuma ndi kupikisana ndi mphamvu za mayiko a ku Ulaya.
Lipotilo linalimbikitsa anthu kuti aziteteza anthu pa zinthu zimene amapanga m’mayiko ena, ndalama zimene amagulira anthu ndi ndalama zothandizira anthu opanga zinthu zapakhomo, ndiponso kuti boma lizithandiza kukonza zinthu zoyendetsera ntchito.
Iye anathandiza gulu lotchedwa Sosaite kaamba ka kukhazikitsa Mathithi Othandiza Okhala ndi Mandactiling (U.M.), ndipo pochirikiza gulu limeneli, Hamilton analinganiza kusonkhezera dongosolo la zachuma la dzikolo mwa kupanga zinthu zambiri. Mu 1792, S.U.M. anagula mahekitala 700 a dziko lozungulira mathithi a Great Falls ndi kukhazikitsa mzinda wa Paterson, New Jersey, ndipo pamene zaka zoyambirira zinali ndi mavuto azachuma, Paterson akunenedwa kuti ndilo mzinda woyamba wa maindasitale ndi malo a Aundulo a za Undustries ku United States.
Pamene kuli kwakuti Nyumba za Malamulo sizinagwirizane kotheratu ndi programu ya Hamilton ya kupanga zinthu m’moyo wake, masomphenya ake a America wotukuka wa boma lokhala ndi mbali yokangalika m'kupititsa patsogolo kupita patsogolo kwa chuma kwa American pambuyo pake, makamaka m'zaka za zana la 19, American System ndi New Deal ya m'zaka za zana la makumi aŵiri.
Njira Yopezera Ndalama ndi Msonkho Wambiri
Kuti apereke ntchito za boma ndi kuthandizira ngongole ya dzikolo, Hamilton anafunikira kukhazikitsa magwero odalirika a ndalama. Iye analinganiza kuti pakhale msonkho wophatikizana pa katundu wa m'dziko ndi misonkho pa zinthu zapamsika. Nkhani yaikulu pa zimenezi inali msonkho wa mizimu yotayidwa, wodziŵika kwambiri monga msonkho wa whiskey.
Msonkho wa whiskey, umene unaperekedwa mu 1791, unapereka msonkho pa mawisiki a m'nyumba. Msonkho umenewu unatsika kwambiri makamaka kwa alimi a m’malire a malire amene anapasula tirigu wawo kukhala m’khonde kuti apeze zoyendera zosavuta kumsika. Kutsutsa msonkho kunali kowopsa, makamaka kumadzulo kwa Pennsylvania, kumene kunayambitsa Whiskey Gaunder wa 1794.
Hamilton anawona chipanduko kukhala chitokoso chachindunji ku ulamuliro wa boma ndipo anafulumiza Washington kuyankha mwamphamvu. Pulezidentiyo anaitana magulu ankhondo kuchokera ku maiko angapo, ndipo Hamilton iyemwini anatsagana ndi asilikaliwo kumadzulo kwa Pennsylvania. Chipandukocho chinagwa popanda kukhetsa mwazi waukulu, kusonyeza kuthekera ndi kufunitsitsa kwa boma kusungitsa malamulo ake.
Filosofi Yandale ndi Malingaliro a Chigwirizano
Ukapolo wa Boma Lamphamvu la Pakati
Kupyola ntchito yake yonse, Hamilton mosalekeza anachirikiza boma lamphamvu la dziko lokhoza kuchitapo kanthu motsimikiza m'nkhani zofunika za dziko. Zokumana nazo zake mkati mwa Nkhondo ya Chisinthiko, pamene anaona kulephera kwa Continental Congress kuchirikiza bwino lomwe gulu lankhondo, anamkhutiritsa kuti boma lapakati lofooka linawopseza kupulumuka kwa mtunduwo.
Hamilton anakhulupirira kuti boma la boma linafunikira mphamvu zokwanira kulamulira malonda, kusunga ngongole, kupereka chitetezo cha dziko, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kupita patsogolo kwa chuma. Anatsutsa kuti mphamvu zimenezi ziyenera kufotokozedwa mokulira, akumagwiritsira ntchito chiphunzitso cha mphamvu zotanthauza kulungamitsa kachitidwe ka boma m’malo amene sanatchulidwe mwachindunji m’Bungwe la Malamulo.
Masomphenya a mphamvu yaikulu a boma ameneŵa anapangitsa Hamilton kutsutsana ndi Thomas Jefferson ndi James Madison, amene anayanja kumasulira kochepa kwa ulamuliro wa boma ndi kugonjera kwakukulu ku ulamuliro wa boma. Kusagwirizana kwakukulu kumeneku pa kulinganiza koyenera pakati pa ulamuliro wa boma ndi boma kunabutsa dongosolo loyamba la Amereka, ndi Hamilton kutsogolera Federalists ndi Jefferson kutsogolera Democratic-Republicans.
Gulu la Ogwirizana
Hamilton anayambitsa chipani choyamba cha ndale zadziko cha America, Federalist Party, mu 1791. Federalists anachirikiza programu ya Hamilton ya zachuma, adayanja kugwirizana kwapafupi ndi Briteni, ndipo anachirikiza boma lamphamvu la boma lotsogozedwa ndi nduna zapamwamba za maphunziro. Hamilton anakhala mkulu wa gulu loyamba la ndale zadziko la ku America, Federalists.
Federalist Party inalandira chichirikizo kuchokera kwa amalonda, opanga, osunga mabanki, ndi malonda omwe anapindula ndi malamulo a Hamilton a zachuma. Gululo linali lamphamvu kwambiri ku New England ndi m'malo amalonda a m’matauni. Oyang'anira boma anakhulupirira kuti boma liyenera kutsogozedwa ndi olemera ndi ophunzira kwambiri, amene anali ndi ufulu wosankha zochita ndi maphunziro ofunikira kuti adziŵe bwino malamulo a boma.
Masomphenya a Hamilton a chigwirizano cha boma anagogomezera umodzi wa mtundu, chitukuko cha chuma, ndi boma lamphamvu. Anakhulupirira kuti United States anafunikira kukulitsa mphamvu yake ya zachuma ndi yankhondo kuti apikisane ndi mitundu ya ku Ulaya ndi kusungitsa ufulu wake. Zimenezi zinafuna boma lamphamvu la boma lokhoza kukhazikitsa malamulo adziko, mmalo mwa kugwirizanitsa maboma achifumu olondola zifuno zawo.
Kumasulira Malamulo ndi Mphamvu Zogwiritsiridwa Ntchito
Hamilton angachirikize kwambiri mfundo za lamulo la America monga chiphunzitso chake cha mphamvu zotanthauza. Potetezera lamulo la banki ya dziko, Hamilton ananena kuti Konsichushoni iyenera kutembenuzidwa mokulira kuti boma lilole kugwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse imene sinaletseretu kuchita maulamuliro ake otchulidwa.
"Kumanga kotseguka" kwa Konsichushoni kunasiyanitsa kwambiri ndi "kumanga kwachigawo," kumene kunakhulupirira kuti boma la boma linali ndi mphamvu zoperekedwa mwachindunji ndi Konsichushoni. Kachitidwe ka Hamilton potsirizira pake kanalakika, kukhazikitsa lamulo lamakhalidwe abwino lakuti boma la boma lili ndi ulamuliro waukulu wa kuthetsa mavuto a dziko kupyolera m’njira zosiyanasiyana.
Khoti Lapamwamba linavomereza malingaliro a Hamilton mu McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), pamene Woweruza Wamkulu John Marshall anatchula lingaliro la Hamilton la banki kuchirikiza lamulo la Komiti Yachiŵiri ya United States. Lingaliro la Marshall linatengera kumasulira kofala kwa Hamilton kwa Malamulo ndi Kuyenera kwa Claus, kukhazikitsa chitsanzo cha mphamvu yaikulu ya boma imene ikupitirizabe kukhazikitsa lamulo la malamulo a chitaganya lerolino.
Chisonkhezero cha Hamilton pa Ulamuliro Waukulu
Kusintha Ulamuliro wa Washington
Monga Mlembi wa Treasury ndi mmodzi wa oimira Pulezidenti Washington odalirika, Hamilton anachita mbali yaikulu m'kukhazikitsa zitsanzo za nthambi ya akuluakulu. Iye anakhulupirira utsogoleri wamphamvu ndi kugwira ntchito kufutukula ulamuliro wa pulezidenti ponse paŵiri m'nkhani zapanyumba ndi zachilendo.
Hamilton analemba mapepala ambiri a boma la Washington ofunika kwambiri, kuphatikizapo mbali zina za Farewell Aderesi yake. Hamilton analemba zambiri za Adiresi ya George Washington's Farewell, imene Washington analengeza kuti sadzathamanga kwa kachitatu monga pulezidenti. Adiresi yotchuka imeneyi inachenjeza za magawano a dziko la Washington ndi mikwingwirima yachilendo, mfundo zolimbikitsa zimene zingatsogoze malamulo a dziko la America kwa mibadwomibadwo.
Hamilton anachirikizanso ulamuliro waukulu wa maulamuliro m'nkhani zachilendo. Anatsutsa kuti pulezidenti, monga mkulu wa asilikali ndi kazembe wamkulu, anali ndi mphamvu zachibadwa zochitira malamulo achilendo ndi kuchitapo kanthu ku mavuto a mitundu yonse popanda kuyembekezera chilolezo cha bungwe. Kaonedwe kokulira kameneka ka ulamuliro wa boma m'nkhani zachilendo kakhudzabe zochita za pulezidenti kuyambira pamenepo.
Kabinabit ndi Zitsogozo za Oyang’anira
Hamilton anathandiza kukhazikitsa chitsanzo cha kabati ya pulezidenti monga bungwe la oimira amene anali ndi ngongole yaikulu ya kukhulupirika kwawo kwa mkulu wa ntchito. Iye analinganiza Dipatimenti ya Ndalama ndi kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri, kupanga madongosolo a zauyang'aniro ndi njira zimene zinatumikira monga zitsanzo za madipatimenti ena audindo.
Malipoti ake ku Congress pankhani za ndalama anapereka chitsanzo kwa akuluakulu a nthambi amene anapereka malamulo atsatanetsatane kwa bungwe lokhazikitsa malamulo. Hamilton anakhulupirira kuti akuluakulu a boma, pokhala ndi luso lawo ndi kukhoza kwawo kupeza chidziŵitso, ayenera kuchita mbali yaikulu m’kukhazikitsa malamulo, osati kungogwiritsira ntchito malamulo operekedwa ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo.
Ngakhale kuti Hamilton ankaganiza kuti ndi wotsogola kwambiri pa udindo wake, nthaŵi zina ankatsutsana ndi mamembala a Nyumba ya Malamulo amene ankaona kuti mphamvu zake n’zopitirira malire.
Ntchito Yapambuyo Pake ndi Chisonkhezero Chopitirizabe
Kukonzanso ndi Kubwerera ku Kachitidwe Kaumwini
Hamilton anachotsa ntchito monga Mlembi wa Treasurer mu January 1795, atatumikira kwa zaka zoposa zisanu ndi mikangano ya ndale zadziko, kuphatikizapo zinenezo za kusadalirika kwa zandalama zimene anatsutsa mwachipambano, zinathandizira ku chosankha chake cha kubwereranso ku moyo waumwini. Anayambiranso kachitidwe kake ka lamulo mu New York City, kumene mwamsanga anakhala mmodzi wa maloya achipambano koposa m’dzikolo.
Ngakhale kuti anachoka pa udindo, Hamilton anakhalabe woloŵerera kwambiri m’ndale monga mtsogoleri wa Gulu la Federalist. Iye anapitiriza kulangiza Pulezidenti Washington ndipo pambuyo pake anasonkhezera lamulo la John Adams m’nthaŵi ya ulamuliro, ngakhale kuti unansi wake ndi Adamu unali wokangana kaŵirikaŵiri.
Kusankhidwa kwa 1800 ndi Kutha kwa Ndale
Chisankho cha pulezidenti cha 1800 chinapanga posinthira m'mbiri ya ndale zadziko ya America ndipo chinakhala chowopsa kwa Hamilton iyemwini. Pamene chisankhocho chinatulukapo kugwirizana pakati pa Thomas Jefferson ndi Aaron Burr, chigamulo chinapita ku Nyumba ya Oimira. Mosasamala kanthu za kusagwirizana kwake kwakukulu ndi Jefferson, Hamilton anagwira ntchito m’mbuyo kuchirikiza Jefferson Burr, amene analingalira kukhala wowopsa ndi wopanda lamulo.
Hamilton anatsutsa Burr ndi mbali ya mkangano waukali umene ukanapha. Chisonkhezero chake m'Chipani cha Federalist Party chinali kutha, pamene ziŵalo zachiŵalo zaching’ono zinaipidwa ndi kuyesayesa kwake kopitirizabe kulamulira chipani kuchokera ku boma la kunja.
Kubadwa kwa Tsoka
Moyo wa Hamilton unatha pa July 12, 1804, pamene anavulazidwa kwambiri ndi Pulezidenti Aaron Burr, wopikisana ndi ndale zadziko. Chinsinsi chinatulukapo zaka za udani wa ndale zadziko ndi waumwini, chikumathera m'mawu onenezedwa a Hamilton akukayikira wa Burr pa mpikisano wa 104 New York.
Pa July 11, 1804, Hamilton ndi Burr anakumana ku Weehawken, New Jersey, malo omwewo amene mwana wamkulu wa Hamilton Philip adamwalira zaka zitatu m’mbuyomo. Burr ndi Hamilton adamenyana ndi Weehawken , New Jersey, ndi Burrr atavulazidwa kwambiri, Hamilton, amene anamwalira tsiku lotsatira, July 12, 1804. Imfa ya Hamilton pa msinkhu wa 49 inafupitsa moyo wa mmodzi wa akatswiri andale a ku America ndipo inalanda dziko lake lopitirizabe.
Choloŵa ndi Chiyambukiro Chokhalitsa
Chiyambukiro pa Lamulo la Zachuma la ku America
Dongosolo la Hamilton la zachuma linakhazikitsa maziko a kutukuka kwa chuma cha America. Malamulo ake anapanga ndalama zokhazikika, ngongole yokhazikitsidwa, ndi kupititsa patsogolo kuwonjezereka kwa malonda ndi maindasitale. Malamulo amene adatchula adanena kuti boma liyenera kuchirikiza kutukuka kwa zachuma, kuti kutamandidwa ndi anthu nkofunika kwambiri kuti dziko litukuke, ndi kuti dongosolo la zachuma lamphamvu lichirikiza mphamvu za dziko la America m'mbiri yonse ya dzikolo.
Dongosolo la kubanki la dzikolo, otetezera, kulinganiza ngongole za boma, ndi kuchirikiza boma kaamba ka maziko ndi maindasitale . Malamulo onse Hamilton anachirikiza “‘ anakhala mbali yaikulu ya chitukuko cha chuma cha America m’zaka za zana la 19 ndi makumi aŵiri. Kuwona kwake dziko lamphamvu yachuma, lotukuka lokhoza kupikisana ndi maulamuliro a ku Ulaya potsirizira pake kunazindikiridwa, ngakhale kuti kunatenga zaka makumi ambiri pambuyo pa imfa yake.
Choloŵa cha Malamulo ndi Malamulo
Zopereka za Hamilton ku kumasulira kwa lamulo zatsimikizira kukhala zokhalitsa. Chiphunzitso chake cha mphamvu zolunjika, zofotokozedwa m'kuchinjiriza banki ya dziko, chinakhala maziko a ulamuliro wa boma. Khoti Lapamwamba latchula mobwerezabwereza kulingalira kwa Hamilton pochirikiza mafotokozedwe a boma ambiri pansi pa Commerce Claus, Benety ndi Clause, ndi malamulo ena.
Mapepala a Federalist Magazi, makamaka makalata a Hamilton, amakhalabe magwero audindo kuti amvetse tanthauzo loyamba la Malamulo. Oweruza, maloya, ndi akatswiri akupitirizabe kufunsa nkhani zimenezi pomasulira makonzedwe alamulo ndi mafunso a ulamuliro wa boma, kusiyanitsa mphamvu, ndi ufulu wa munthu aliyense payekha.
Chiyambukiro pa Lingaliro Landale Zachimereka
Filosofi ya Hamilton ya ndale zadziko . Imasonkhezera boma lamphamvu, umodzi wa dziko, ndi chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko la America kupyola m'mitundu ya malingaliro. Chikhulupiriro chake cha utsogoleri wamphamvu chinaumba kuyambika kwa ulamuliro wa America. Chigamulo chake cha ulamuliro wa boma chinasonkhezera zotsatirapo za mikangano ya nkhondo ya Civil War kufikira ku New Deal yamakono.
Pamene kuli kwakuti zikhoterero za Hamilton za kunyansidwa ndi kukayikira demokrase yotchuka zasulizidwa, chidziŵitso chake chachikulu [1] chakuti boma lamphamvu limafunikira mphamvu zokwanira kuthetsa mavuto a dziko lapansi . Kutsutsana kopitirizabe pakati pa awo amene amayanja ulamuliro wa boma ndi awo amene amachirikiza ufulu wa maboma ndi boma lokhala ndi malire akubwereza mkangano woyamba pakati pa Hamilton ndi Jefferson.
Kuzindikira Chikhalidwe ndi Kutchuka Kwamakono
Hamilton ali ndi nkhope yake pa ndalama khumi zadola, mmodzi wa amuna aŵiri okha amene sanali pulezidenti wa kuwonana ndi ndalama za ku America (ameneyo ndi Ben Franklin). Kuzindikira kumeneku kumasonyeza kufunika kwake kwakukulu m’mbiri ya Amereka, mosasamala kanthu kuti sanatumikire monga pulezidenti.
M’zaka zaposachedwapa, moyo wa Hamilton ndi choloŵa chake zalandira chisamaliro chatsopano kupyolera mwa Lin- Manuel Miranda's kuswa nyimbo "Hamilton ," imene inayambika pa Broadway mu 2015. Nyimbozo zayambitsa nkhani ya Hamilton kwa anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse, zikumayambitsa chidwi chatsopano pa zopereka zake ku mbiri ya America ndi nyengo yoyambika.
Masomphenya a Hamilton a America monga dziko lamphamvu, lokangalika ndi lamalonda lokhala ndi boma lamphamvu lokhoza kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa onse akwaniritsidwa kwakukulukulu. United States inakhala nyumba ya zachuma ndi yankhondo Hamilton, ndi boma la boma limene limachita mbali yaikulu m'kuyang'anira chuma, kupereka chitetezo cha dziko, ndi kusamalira mavuto a dziko.
Kuyerekezera Kufufuza: Federalism v. Jefferson Republicanism
Kusiyana Koyambirira kwa Ziphunzitso
Mkangano wa pakati pa chigwirizano cha Hamilton ndi republicism ya Jefferson unaimira masomphenya osiyana kwambiri kaamba ka mtsogolo mwa America. Hamilton analingalira dziko la tauni, malonda, ndi maindasitale kukhala ndi boma lamphamvu lochirikiza kupita patsogolo kwa chuma. Jefferson anasankha lipabuliki la alimi odziimira okha alimi okhala ndi boma lokhala ndi malire ndi ufulu wa boma.
Hamilton anakhulupirira kuti chibadwa cha munthu chinafuna kuti boma lamphamvu lipereke chikhutiro ndi kufunitsitsa kukwaniritsa zolinga zopindulitsa. Anaganiza kuti boma liyenera kutsogozedwa ndi anthu ophunzira omwe ankamvetsa mfundo zovuta.
Masomphenya opikisana ameneŵa anaumba chitukuko cha ndale zadziko la America kwa mibadwo. Kusagwirizana pakati pa mphamvu ya boma ndi ulamuliro wa boma, pakati pa kachitidwe ka boma ndi boma lokhala ndi polekezera, pakati pa kupita patsogolo kwa zamalonda ndi mapindu a arabia . Nkhani zonsezi zichokera ku kugaŵanikana koyambirira kwa Hamilton-Jefferson.
Kuona Zachuma
Hamilton anagogomezera kupangidwa kwa zinthu, malonda, ndi ndalama. Anakhulupirira kuti United States inafunikira kukulitsa mphamvu yake ya maindasitale kuti ipeze ufulu wa zachuma ndi mphamvu ya dziko. Malamulo ake otetezera , banki ya dziko, kukwera kwa ngongole, kuchirikiza kupangidwa kwa zinthu . Zonsezo zinali zochirikiza kupita patsogolo kwa malonda ndi maindasitale.
Jefferson anasumika maganizo ake pa zaulimi ndipo anaopa chisonkhezero choipa cha kusungitsa ndalama, kupanga, ndi malonda a m'matauni. Iye anakhulupirira kuti alimi odziimira paokha ndiwo maziko a makhalidwe abwino a republic ndi kuti kupita patsogolo kwa malonda kukayambitsa kusalingana kwa zachuma ndi kuipa kwa ndale zadziko.
Mbiri inachirikiza kwambiri kuwona kwa Hamilton kwa zachuma. United States inakhala mphamvu yotchuka ya dziko ya maindasitale ndi yamalonda, kutsatira njira Hamilton inandandalika mmalo mwa kulinganiza kwa Jefferson kwa agria. Komabe, nkhaŵa za kusalingana kwa chuma, mphamvu za makampani, ndi mtengo wa mayanjano a makampani . Jefferson anadzutsa [1] kutsutsana kwamakono.
Filosofi ya Boma
Hamilton anachirikiza boma lamphamvu lokhala ndi mphamvu zothetsera mavuto a dziko, lokhulupirira kuti kumasulira kopanda malamulo, kulola boma kugwiritsira ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kukwaniritsa zolinga zake. Iye anakonda mkulu wamphamvu wokhoza kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu ndipo analingalira kuti boma liyenera kutsogozedwa ndi awo okhala ndi maphunziro, katundu, ndi osungitsa mkhalidwe wabwino wa anthu.
Jefferson anakonda boma lokhala ndi malire otsatizana ndi malamulo a boma, ufulu wa boma, ndi kuloŵerera m'zademokrase. Iye anaopa kuti boma labwino kwambiri lizilamulidwa ndi anthu ochepa. Iye ankakhulupirira kwambiri nzeru zotchuka ndipo anada nkhaŵa kuti dongosolo la Hamilton likayambitsa chuma ndi mphamvu.
Boma la America laphatikiza mbali za masomphenya aŵiriwo. Maulamuliro aakulu a boma a Hamilton anachirikiza, koma mkati mwa dongosolo la macheke ndi kulinganiza ndi kuŵerengera kwa demokrase zimene zimasonyeza nkhaŵa za Jefferson. Kulimbana kopitirizabe pakati pa njira zimenezi kukupitirizabe kuumba mkangano wa ndale zadziko wa Amereka.
Zopereka za Hamilton ku Mbali Zina za Federalism
Chipani cha Fiscal
Hamilton anakhazikitsa lamulo lakuti boma la boma liyenera kukhala ndi magwero a ndalama za boma ndi kukhoza kwa kuyang'anira ndalama za dziko. Asanasinthe, boma la boma linadalira pa kupempha maboma, zimene kaŵirikaŵiri zinanyalanyazidwa. Dongosolo la Hamilton la msonkho wa boma, kuyang'anira ngongole za dziko, ndi kubanki yaikulu linapatsa boma ufulu wa zachuma ndi kukhulupirika.
Kulingalira kwake kunayambitsa dongosolo landalama limene linagwirizanitsa mabomawo mwa kugaŵana zikondwerero zandalama. Mwakulola boma la boma kutenga ngongole za boma, iye anapanga gulu la okongola ndi chipambano cha boma ndi kukhazikitsa lamulo lakuti boma la dzikolo linali ndi thayo kaamba ka mathayo ochitidwa m’chifuno chofala.
Kuyambitsa kumeneku kunakhazikitsa chipani cha boma monga mbali yaikulu ya dongosolo la Amereka. Luso la boma la kukhoma msonkho, kubwereka, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama paokha kwatsimikizira kukhala kofunika kaamba ka ulamuliro wa dziko, kuyambira pa nkhondo za ndalama kufikira ku kukhazikitsa maprogramu a kakhalidwe kufikira kuyang'anira mavuto a zachuma.
Malonda
Hamilton anakhulupirira kuti boma la boma liyenera kuyang’anira ndi kuchirikiza malonda a m’mayiko osiyanasiyana.
Iye ananena kuti Commerce Claus anapatsa Nyumba ya Malamulo mphamvu yolamulira zachuma, ngakhale kuti m’nthawi yake anthu ankatsutsana, mfundo imeneyi inakhala maziko a mfundo za boma zachuma m’zaka za m’ma 1900.
Masomphenya a Hamilton a chuma chogwirizana cha dziko, limodzi ndi boma lokhazikitsa dongosolo la malonda ndi kuchotsa zopinga ku malonda a maiko, akwaniritsidwa kwakukulukulu. United States anakula kukhala malonda amodzi, ogwirizana achuma, ndi malamulo a boma kukhazikitsa miyezo yamalonda ofanana ndi kuletsa mpikisano wa boma wowononga.
Gulu Loyang’anira
Monga Mlembi woyamba wa Treasury, Hamilton anakhazikitsa zitsanzo za maulamuliro a boma amene anasonkhezera kupangidwa kwa nthambi ya akuluakulu a boma. Iye anapanga madongosolo auyang’aniro okhoza bwino, analemba antchito odziŵa bwino ozikidwa pa kuyenerera, ndipo anakhazikitsa miyezo yaukatswiri kaamba ka utumiki wa boma.
Department yake ya Treasury inakhala chitsanzo cha dongosolo logwira mtima la boma, kusonyeza kuti boma la dzikolo lingathe kuyendetsa bwino ntchito zovuta.
Mabungwe a boma a Hamilton anayala maziko a bungwe lamakono la boma. Chigogomezero chake pa ukatswiri, kuyendetsa bwino zinthu, ndi mabwana a ntchito za boma chinasonkhezera kuyambika kwa dongosolo la ntchito za boma ndi kukula kwa mabungwe a boma.
Maganizo Olakwika ndi Kukayikirana
Kusuliza kwa Gulu la Mafuko la Hamilton
Masomphenya a Hamilton a chipani cha boma adayang'anizana ndi chisulizo chachikulu m'mbiri yonse ya Amereka. Osuliza amanena kuti kugogomezera kwake mphamvu ya boma ndi utsogoleri wapamwamba kunaluluza malamulo a demokrase ndi ulamuliro wa boma. Dongosolo lake la zachuma, osuliza, adakonda okongoletsa olemera ndi zikondwerero zamalonda kudyera alimi wamba ndi antchito.
Jefferson Republican adaimba Hamilton mlandu wa kuyesa kukonzanso mtundu wa Briteni ndi ulamuliro wapamwamba ku America. Iwo anatsutsa kuti malamulo ake anasumika chuma ndi mphamvu m’manja mwa boma loŵerengeka la republic. Chichirikizo chake cha mkulu wa boma wolimbika anakweza mantha a ulamuliro wa pulezidenti.
Osuliza amakono amawona kuti masomphenya a Hamilton a boma lochitidwa ndi apamwamba ophunzira anasonyeza malingaliro osakhala a democracy ponena za amene ayenera kukhala ndi ulamuliro wa ndale zadziko. Kukayikira kwake demokrase yotchuka ndi chikhulupiriro chake chakuti olemera ndi obadwa bwino ayenera kutsogolera boma kutsutsana ndi mapindu a demokrase amakono.
Vuto la Ukapolo
Unansi wa Hamilton ndi ukapolo umapereka chithunzi chovuta. Anabadwira ndi kuleredwa ku Caribbean, kumene ukapolo unali wofala, koma adatsutsa bungwelo. Iye anali chiŵalo choyambirira cha New York Manugig Society, imene inathandiza kuthetsa ukapolo ku New York.
Komabe, kutsutsa Hamilton ukapolo sikunali kotheratu. Ankasamalira malonda a akapolo a banja la mkazi wake ndipo sanapange dongosolo lake la zachuma kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Malamulo ake a zachuma, makamaka kutengeredwa ngongole kwa boma, anapindulitsa akapolo a ku Southerna amene anachita ngongole mkati mwa Chipanduko.
Kusiyana kumeneku kumasonyeza kutsutsana kwakukulu kwa nyengo yokhayikitsa, pamene atsogoleri ambiri anatsutsa ukapolo m’malamulo koma anautsatira. Choloŵa cha Hamilton, mofanana ndi cha oyambitsa ena, chiyenera kumvetsetsedwa m’mbali imeneyi ya kulolera molakwa kwa makhalidwe abwino.
Kudera Nkhaŵa ndi Mphamvu Yosonyezedwa
Kulamulira kwa Hamilton kwa ulamuliro wa boma kwachititsa nkhaŵa zomveka ponena za kupondereza ndi kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa ulamuliro. Osuliza ake anada nkhaŵa kuti boma lamphamvu lingawopseze ufulu wa munthu ndi ufulu wa boma. Nkhaŵa zimenezi zatsimikizira kuti zikuonekera m’mbali zina, monga momwe kukula kwa ulamuliro wa boma nthaŵi zina kwatsogolera ku kuchenjerera ndi kuswa zoyenera.
Kulimbana pakati pa Hamilton ndi masomphenya a boma lamphamvu ndi nkhaŵa za mphamvu za ulamuliro kudakali maziko a mkangano wa ndale zadziko za America. Kupeza kulinganiza koyenera pakati pa ulamuliro wogwira ntchito ndi kutetezera ufulu kumatokosa opanga malamulo ndi nzika.
Kumaliza: Chisonkhezero Chokhalitsa cha Hamilton pa Federalism ya ku America
Alexander Hamilton anapereka ku dongosolo la boma la America kuti lisinthe ndi kukhalabe. Mwa zolemba zake, makamaka The Federalist Papers, adapereka maziko a nzeru kaamba ka boma lalamulo ndi mphamvu ya boma. Monga Mlembi woyamba wa Tribial, iye anakhazikitsa dongosolo la zachuma limene linatheketsa kupita patsogolo kwa chuma cha dzikolo. Monga mtsogoleri wa ndale zadziko ndi wotsogolera, iye analinganiza zitsanzo ndi mabungwe amene amamasulira ulamuliro wa Amereka.
Masomphenya a Hamilton a boma lamphamvu la boma lokhoza kupititsa patsogolo chuma cha dziko, kupereka chitetezo cha dziko, ndi kusamalira zitokoso za gulu la anthu achuluka. United States yakula kukhala mtundu wa dziko limene Hamilton analingalira: wamphamvu, wamphamvu, wamalonda, ndi wolamuliridwa ndi dongosolo lamphamvu la boma lokhoza kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu.
Komabe makambitsirano Hamilton anathandiza kuyambitsa [1] ponena za kulinganiza kwabwino pakati pa ulamuliro wa boma ndi boma, pakati pa kumenyera ufulu wa boma ndi ufulu wa munthu, pakati pa utsogoleri wapamwamba ndi demokrase yotchuka . Chiphunzitso chake sichiri chiphunzitso chokhazikika koma kukambitsirana kopitirizabe kwa mmene boma lingachirikizire ponse paŵiri kulamulira kogwira mtima ndi ufulu wa munthu payekha.
Kumvetsetsa kwa Hamilton zothandizira ku ulamuliro wa Amereka kumafuna kuyamikira ponse paŵiri zipambano zake zazikulu ndi nkhaŵa zoyenerera zimene anaona. Luntha lake la zachuma, luntha la malamulo alamulo, ndi utsogoleri wa ndale zadziko zinali zofunika kuti apambane ku kuyesa kwa America. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, zikhoterero zake za apritist, kusumika kwake mphamvu, ndi kukhala kwake akapolo kumatikumbutsa kuti ngakhale anthu otchuka kwambiri anali anthu opusitsidwa omwe anali opusitsidwa m’nthaŵi zawo.
Zaka zoposa mazana aŵiri pambuyo pa imfa yake, Hamilton adakali munthu wofunika kwambiri m'malingaliro a ndale zadziko a ku America. Malingaliro ake akupitiriza kusonkhezera mkangano wa ulamuliro wa boma, malamulo a zachuma, kumasulira kwa lamulo, ndi ulamuliro wa maulamuliro. Kaya munthu avomereza kapena afunsa lingaliro lake la boma la boma, kumvetsetsa zopereka za Hamilton nkofunika kuti amvetsetse boma la America ndi ntchito yopitirizabe yogwirizanitsa ulamuliro wogwira mtima ndi ufulu wa munthu aliyense payekha.
Kwa awo ofuna kumvetsetsa maziko a unduna wa American, moyo wa Hamilton ndi ntchito yake zimapereka chidziŵitso chofunika. Zolemba zake, makamaka The Federalist Mapers, zidakali zofunika kwambiri kuti amvetse malamulo alamulo. Kusintha kwake kwa zachuma kumasonyeza mmene lamulo la boma lingayambire kutukuka kwa chuma. Utsogoleri wake wandale umachitira fanizo ponse paŵiri kuthekera ndi ngozi za ulamuliro wopambanitsa.
Pamene Aamereka akupitiriza kukangana za mbali yoyenera ya boma, kulinganiza pakati pa ulamuliro wa boma ndi boma, ndi unansi pakati pa malamulo a zachuma ndi kulemera kwa dziko, zothandizira Hamilton ku makambitsirano ameneŵa zidakali zofunika kwambiri. Malingaliro ake a America monga dziko lamphamvu, lotukuka ndi boma lamphamvu lokhoza kuchirikiza ubwino wa onse lakhala likuchitika, monga momwenso makambitsirano onena za malire ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito koyenera kwa mphamvu imeneyo akupitirizirabe.
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