Chisankho chachikulu ndicho chisonyezero cha demokalase, komabe iwo adakali chimodzi cha mbali zosamvetsetseka kwenikweni za ntchito ya voti. Pamene kuli kwakuti masankho wamba amakopa dziko zaka ziŵiri kapena zinayi zilizonse, ndi m'zigawo kuti munda wa oyembekezera kubatizidwa ngwopapatiza, mapulatifomu amapangidwa, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri malangizo a lamulo la anthu amagamulidwa kale kwambiri November asanafike. Osankha, kuzindikira masankhoti aakulu si kungokhala chabe kukhazikitsa boma.

Mtsogoleri ameneyu akupereka chithunzi chokwanira cha zisankho zazikulu mu United States, akumafotokoza mbiri yawo, osankha a mitundu yosiyanasiyana angakumane nawo, mmene amayambukirira chisankho cha onse, ndi maumboni aakulu amene wovota aliyense ayenera kudziŵa kukhala ndi phande mokhutiritsa.

Kodi Kusankha Koyambirira N’kutani?

Pamaziko ake aakulu, chisankho chachikulu ndicho chisankho choyambirira chochitidwa ndi chipani cha ndale zadziko kusankha wosankhidwa kaamba ka chisankho cha onse chimene chikubwera. Upandu umachitika pa milingo ya boma, boma, ndi malo, ndipo iwo ngosiyana ndi zisankho zachisawawa m’chakuti amatsogozedwa ndi boma ndi maboma a kumaloko. () osati ndi magulu enieniwo mwakuti mpambo wa malamulo amene amasiyana kwambiri kuchokera ku boma ndi boma.

Dongosolo lamakono linatulukira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 monga mbali ya gulu la Kusintha kopita patsogolo, limene linafuna kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mabwana a chipani ndi kupereka ovota wamba mawu omveka osankhidwa mwa kusankhidwa. Primente zisanafalikire, oyembekezera anali osankhidwa ndi misonkhano yachigawo yopangidwa ndi atsogoleri a zipani. yoyamba yogwirizanitsa prezidenti anasungidwa ku Oregon mu 1910, ndipo ndi ma 1970, maboma ambiri adalandira masankhoti aakulu a maofesi ena. Lerolino, pafupifupi boma lililonse limagwiritsira ntchito mtundu waukulu wa ofunsira msonkhano wa Mabungwe, nduna, nduna, ndi malo ambiri akumaloko.

Unduna ungakhale ngati umasankha kuti nthumwi zimagaŵiridwa motani pofuna kusankhidwa pa udindo. Nthambi zopanda maziko kapena [1] [1] nthaŵi zambiri zimatchedwa boma ndi mapulojekiti . Pulezidenti Primension primenti imagamula mmene nthumwi zimagaŵiridwira kwa oyembekezera kufunafuna malo a malo apamwamba. Osati - a desikitiestings (malamulo) oyenera kudziŵikitsa malamulo osiyanasiyana m’dziko lawo.

Mitundu Yoyambirira ya Zosankha

Palibe “chikalata chapadera” chimodzi m'masankho a ku America. Maboma atengera mafoni osiyanasiyana, limodzi ndi matanthauzo ake a wovota ndi njira yosankhira. Kumvetsetsa kusiyanako kumathandiza osankha kudziŵa kuti adzalandira chisankho chiti ndi kaya afunikira kulembetsedwa ndi chipani china.

Kutsekeredwa Patsogolo

Mu yoimirira kwambiri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Democrat wolembetsedwa angangosankha mu Democratic , Florida, ndi Kentucky [FLT:] , kugwiritsira ntchito malo otsegulira a gululo pambali ya maofesi ena. Vota amene salembedwa ndi gulu lotsutsalo.

Kutsegula Koyamba

M' imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambirira , wovota aliyense wovomerezeka angavote m'chigawo chachikulu, mosasamala kanthu za kulembetsa kwa chipani chawo. Wovotayo amasankha kuti ndi chivoti chiti choyambirira kufunsira patsiku la chisankho. Dongosolo limeneli limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maumboni monga Wissin, Michigan, ndi Vermont . Otsegulira atamandidwa chifukwa cha kulimbikitsa mbali yaikulu, koma otsutsa amalola kuti chivoti chimodzi chivoti chivoti cha munthu wofooka kwambiri m'gulu lalikulu la otsutsa, motero amasonkhezera chivoti cha chivoti chachikulu.

Nyumba Yoyamba

A docket . (imene imadziwikanso monga “chigawo chachikulu”) ndi njira imene oyembekezera kulowa m'zipani zonse amaonekera pa chipani chimodzi, ndipo ovota angasankhe ofunsira pagulu lililonse. Osankhidwawo amasankha pagulu lililonse. Osankhidwawo amagwiritsira ntchito “mapepala aakulu a pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa pa patokha. Mabungwe apamwambawa agwiritsidwa ntchito mu [[FLT:] Shopton, California, ndi Louisiana [[FLT3] (Lousana amagwiritsira ntchito mapepala apadera apadera a maofesi ambiri). U. Khoti lalikulu la U. Supt' linamenya pulogalamu yosa ngati yosanthulidwa mu 2000: [FFlian Partioct.[4]

Presade

Pansi pa pamwamba pa maofesi aŵiri aakulu . Imakonzedwa kupanga ofunsira owonjezereka chifukwa chakuti mu Qult 1] onse amayang'anizana ndi mavuto a chisankho, ndi aŵiri omwe amalandira mavoti ochuluka kwambiri . "kupanda chipani" . California ndi Washington amagwiritsira ntchito njira imeneyi kupangira ofunsira owonjezereka oyenera chifukwa chakuti mu m'gulu lawo. Komabe, ikhozanso kutsogolera ku masankhoti a anthu aŵiri oyembekezera chipani chimodzi, makamaka m'zigawo chachikulu.

Kuthamanga Koyambirira

Pamene wosankhidwa sapambana unyinji (oposa 50% ya voti) m'chosankha chachikulu, maiko ena amasunga [[FLT: 0] kutuluka kwa poyamba pakati pa mavoti aŵiri apamwamba. Izi nzofala mu South States , kuphatikizapo [FLT:] Georgia, Mississippia, ndi Texas . Runoff amatsimikizira kuti pomalizira pake nako ndi wokulira pakati pa gulu, koma amafutukulanso nyengo ya chisankho ndi kuvutika ndi kutembenuka kwapansi.

Osapatukirapo

Chisankho china cha kumaloko ndi mamaofesi angapo a boma amagwiritsira ntchito [[FLT: 0] progalamu zapadera, zimene oyembekezera kulowa saizi ya pa chipani pa pepala lovomerezeka. Oyembekezera onse amathamanga pa maziko amodzi, ndi omaliza (makaŵiri) kupita patsogolo ku masankho a onse. Dongosolo limeneli nlofala pa masankho achiweruzo, mafuko a mabungwe a sukulu, ndi maofesi a ma maofesi m'mayiko ambiri.

Maboma ndi Malamulo a M’malo Omwewo

Pribinal primentials amagwira ntchito pansi pa malamulo osiyanasiyana kuposa malamulo a boma ndi a madera akuno chifukwa chakuti amadyera pamsonkhano wa dziko. M'mapulogalamu a pulezidenti, ovota sasankha mwachindunji wobatizidwa koma akusankha nthumwi zolonjezedwa kwa woloŵa. Chiŵerengero cha nthumwi zopatsidwa kwa wobatizidwa aliyense chimagamulidwa ndi malamulo a boma ndi agulu lililonse. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito kupambana, ena amagwiritsira ntchito ndandanda ya maodaleshoni. Maboma alinso ndi chosankha cha kugwira [[FLT: 0] Lucus mmalo mwa kagulu kamodzi, ngakhale kuti malamulo a boma ayamba kukhala ofala m’zaka zaposachedwapa. M’gulu la caucus, agwirizana ndi anthu ofunsira mavoti, nthaŵi zambiri.

Boma ndi mapriminaries a kumaloko, amasankha mwachindunji chipanicho kukhala ndi udindo winawake. Wopambana woyambayo amakhala woyang’anira wa chipani m'chisankho. Mapulaneti ameneŵa amalamulidwa ndi lamulo la boma ndipo amayang'aniridwa ndi akuluakulu a masankho. Iwo amatsanzira mtundu umodzimodzi (wotsekeredwa, wotseguka, wapamwamba-wiri) wogwiritsiridwa ntchito kaamba ka maprinsitalala a pulezidenti a boma limenelo, ngakhale kuti maiko ena amasunga malamulo osiyana a mapulogalamu a pulezidenti. Osakhala mapulanitalanti.

Chifukwa Chake Kusankha Koyambirira Kuli Kofunika

Masankho aakulu amasonkhezera kwambiri kapangidwe komaliza ka masankho otchuka. M'madera ambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndicho mpikisano wosankha chifukwa chakuti chipani chachikulu ndicho chokhacho koma chotsimikiziridwa kupambana chisankho cha onse. m'madera amodzi-udoma [1], kusankha kwakukulu ndiko kumene kumachitika, ndipo osanthula amene amadumpha wamkulu angapeze kuti sakudziŵa zambiri ponena za amene akuwaimira.

Mapepala amakhudzanso kulinganizika kwa zandale za dziko [[FLT: 0] kwa zipani za ndale. Chifukwa chakuti osankha oyambirira amakhala opambanitsa kuposa osankha aunyinji [1] kaŵirikaŵiri amaikizidwa, amasintha, ndipo amafupa oyembekezera kuima zolimba, ndipo amakhomera kukhoza kukakamiza ofunsira kuimirira kumanzere kapena kumanja kuti apatsidwe ufulu. Chochitika chimenechi, chotchedwa kuwonjezera mawu ofala [, chaphunziridwa mofala ndi asayansi andale zadziko. Kamodzi m'kamodzi m'chosankha, oyembekezerawo kaŵirikaŵiri amasonkhezera malo awo oyenerera kwa omvetsera, kupanga mpata wokulira pakati pa otchuka ndi gulu la osankhidwa.

Ndiponso, masankho aakulu amatumikira kwa opereka ndi ofalitsa nkhani ponena za kuthekera kwa wobatizidwa. Kupanga kwamphamvu kungayambitse mphamvu ya ndalama, chisamaliro cha oulutsa nkhani, ndi kuvomereza, pamene kuonetsa kosalimba kungathetse mkupitiwo mwamsanga. Oyang'anira ntchito, chitokoso chachikulu chikhoza kuwakakamiza kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama ndi malikulu a ndale kutetezera mbiri yawo, kuwafooketsa pa chisankho cha onse.

Mfundo Zazikulu Zimene Mawu Awiri Ayenera Kudziŵa

Onani Kuti Malamulo Anu Ndi Olondola

Sitepe loyamba la kutengamo mbali m'choyambirira ndi kutsimikizira kuti mwalembetsedwa kuvota ndi kuti kulembetsa kwanu kumasonyeza kugwirizana kwanu kolondola kwa chipani . Ngati boma lanu lifuna kulembetsa kwa pa Intaneti. Maboma ambiri asamukira ku pulogalamu ya pa Intaneti, koma masiku otsatizana amasiyana. Mayiko ena amalola kulembetsa tsiku limodzi lapadera, pamene ena amayandikira milungu yolembetsa. Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) imasunga kalenda ya masiku a voti ndi masiku olembetsera a kulembetsa.

Dziŵani Mtundu Wofunika Kwambiri wa Boma Lanu

Monga momwe taonera pamwambapa, mtundu wa chinthu chachikulu m’boma lanu umasankha kuti ndi chisankho chiti chimene mungalandire. Ngati mukukhala m'dziko lotsekereza, muyenera kulembetsa ndi chipani kuti chivote. Ngati muli wodzisankhira kapena wosagwirizana m’dziko lotseguka, mungasankhe kuti ndi chipani chiti chimene mungatengemo mbali mu. Pa maboma aakulu aŵiri, mungavotere kwa munthu aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za chipani. FEDAL FOFOFOM (FC) amapereka chitsogozo cha kugawanamo ndi ku mbali yaikulu.

Chidziŵitso cha Opaleshoni (Malonda Otchuka)

Ngati musankha mu unduna wa pulezidenti, voti lanu lidzathandiza kudziŵa mmene nthumwi zimagaŵiridwa kwa oyembekezera. Magawo amakhazikitsa malamulo awoawo osankha nthumwi, amene angaphatikizepo zipata za kulandira nthumwi (m., wosankhidwa ayenera kupambana 15% ya ovota kulandira nthumwi zilizonse). Malamulo ameneŵa kaŵirikaŵiri amavuta, koma kudziŵa kukuthandizani kuzindikira mphamvu ya voti yanu. [[FLT: 0] Programme of American Program imapereka chidziŵitso chatsatanetsatane cha mbiri pa malamulo a nthumwi .

Dziŵani Zosankha Zoyamba Zothandiza Kulandira M’manja ndi Zimene Simukufuna

Maboma ambiri amapereka kwa munthu woyambirira kuvota kapena mapepala osakhalapo pa pepala. Pemphani a kampani yanu yolephera kutulukapo mwamsanga, monga momwe nthaŵi zokonza zingatenge milungu. Mayiko ena amafuna chifukwa chovotera (monga ngati wochokera m'chigawo pa tsiku la chisankho), pamene ena sapereka malamulo a boma anu pa webusaiti yanu ya chisankho kapena U.S. Evitation Commuset Office ya zopanga mavoti.

Fufuzani za Nkhani za M’bukuli

Masankho aakulu kaŵirikaŵiri amaphatikizapo osankhidwa ambiri okhala ndi chipani chimodzimodzinso koma malo alamulo osiyana. Oulutsira nkhani, otsogolera osankhidwa ndi osakhala a partisan, ndi mawebusaiti a oyembekezera ali abwino kuyambitsa. Chifukwa chakuti kugamula kwakukulu kuli kochepa kwambiri kuposa kugamula kwa onse osankhidwa, nthaŵi zambiri 1525% ya voti yoyenerera imakhala ndi kulemera kwakukulu. Mavoti mazana angapo angasankhe chinthu chachikulu, makamaka m'mafuko akuno. Musadalire pa dzina lokha; kumba m'maboti, kuvomereza, ndi ndemanga zakale.

Nthanthi Zofala Ponena za Zisankho Zoyambirira

[[FLT: 0] Myth: “Voti langa sili kanthu chifukwa chakuti chisankho cha onse ndicho chimene chiri chofunika.[1] [[FLT ]] M'madera ambiri, chinthu chachikulu ndi chisankho. Ngati masankho a onse sali opikisana, choyambirira chingakhale mwaŵi wokha wa kusonkhezera amene ali ndi udindo. Ngakhale m'maboma ampikisano, amapanga malo alamulo a osankhidwa onse.

[[FLT: 0] Myth: “Ndikhoza kuvota m'malamulo onse aŵiri ngati ndili wodziimira. [1] M'maboma aakulu, mungasankhe kuti ndi liti kuti muvote, koma simungavote m'mayiko onse aŵiri. M'mayiko aakulu, osankha osagwirizana sangavote chilichonse pokhapo ngati alembetsa ndi gulu. Pamwamba-paŵiri amakulolezani kuvota munthu aliyense wofunsira, koma mukhozabe kupeza pepala limodzi.

[[FLT: 0] Yamphuno: “Upandu uli kokha kwa ziŵalo za chipani. [1] Pamene kuli kwakuti stables zotseka zimaletsa kutengamo mbali kwa ziwalo za chipani, maboma ambiri ali ndi madongosolo otseguka kapena otseguka amene amalola osankhidwa osagwirizana kutengamo mbali. Ngakhale m'madongosolo otsekedwa, mukhoza kusintha kulembetsa kwanu nthaŵi isanakwane .

Myth: “Wopambana wamkulu amapata modzifunira kuchilikizidwa ndi chipani. [1] [[FLT :1] Pambuyo pa chinthu chachikulu chotentha, ochirikiza otayika sangakhale ochirikiza mwamsanga wopambana. Kuyesayesa kwa umodzi kwa gulu nkwafala, koma sikuli kodzifunira. Nchifukwa chake nkhondo zazikulu nthaŵi zina zingafooketse mwaŵi wa chipani m'masankho onse.

Mmene Mungagwiritsirire Ntchito Yanu Yapamtima

Kutengapo mbali pa masankho aakulu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zimene wovota angachite kwambiri, chifukwa ovota oyambirira amakonda kukhala odzisankha okha ang'onoang'ono. Mukakweza mawu anu, mawu anu amawonjezeka. Nawa njira zothandiza kutsimikizira kuti ndinu wokonzeka:

  • [[FLT: 0] Paranga kalendala yanu. Madeti a Primary amasiyana malinga ndi boma ndiponso ngakhale ndi ofesi; maboma ena amakhala ndi manda apadera a pulezidenti ndi maofesi a anthu. Kalendala yoyamba [[FLT:] ndi yodalirika.
  • Dieropeni kuyesa mapepala a chisankho. Mawebusaiti ambiri a chisankho a positipo ayesa mapepala a masabata apadera asanafike. Aphunzireni kuti apeŵe kusokonezeka m'malo ovotera, makamaka ngati mukuvota pamalo apamwamba aŵiri aakulu ndi ofunsira ambiri pa chisankho chimodzi.
  • Kupikisana ndi mapwando kapena mikangano. Mafuko aakulu kaŵirikaŵiri amaphatikizidwa ndi magulu achitaganya, League of Women Voters mitu, ndi manyuzi a kumaloko. Zochitika zimenezi zimapereka chidziŵitso chachindunji ponena za malo a oyembekezera kubatizidwa.
  • Kalankhulidwe ka antchito odzifunira kukachita . Ofuna kulowa pa khomo lanu kapena foni yanu, akagogoda, amafunsa mafunso padera ponena za nkhani zimene zili za inu. Mayankho awo (kapena kuulutsa) angavumbule zoposa ndege.
  • Kuvota msanga ngati kuli kotheka. Kuvota msanga kumachepetsa upandu wa mizera yaitali kapena mavuto osayembekezereka patsiku la chisankho. Kumaperekanso nthaŵi yakuti mukonze nkhani iliyonse ndi kulembetsa kwanu.

Tsogolo la Zosankha Zoyambirira

Madongosolo apamwamba a masankho akupitirizabe kusinthika. Maboma angapo posachedwapa atsutsana kuti asinthe kuchoka ku malo otsegulira kapena kuvomereza madongosolo osankha aŵiri otchuka kapena otchuka. Rankered-choicevvvvvvvv (RRLV) akupeza magawo ena kwa mwambo wa ma Primerime; m'madongosolo a RCV, osankha anthu osankhidwa m'chosankha chimodzi, ndipo wopambanayo ayenera kukhala ndi chichirikizo chachikulu. Maine ndi Alaska anagwiritsira ntchito RCV kaamba ka ma Prime, ndi maiko ena akulingalira zimenezo. Otsutsa kuti RCV amalimbikitsa ndawala zowonjezereka ndi kuchepetsa kufunika kwa masankhoti okwera mtengo, pamene otsutsa angasokonezere kosankha ndi kuchotsa anthu onse amene sagwirizana.

Mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa mapangidwe, chifuno chachikulu cha masankho aakulu sichisintha: iwo ali njira imene zipani zina (ndipo, kuwonjezerapo, votarato () kusankha atsogoleri amene adzapikisana ndi ntchito ya boma. Mwa kuzindikira mmene ntchito yauphunzitsi, ovota angagwiritsire ntchito mokwanira ufulu wawo ndi kuthandiza kukonza malo a ndale pamlingo uliwonse.